Swarm mn. Understanding Honey Bee Swarms: A Comprehensive Guide for MN Hobby Beekeepers

What is a honey bee swarm. How do swarms form in Minnesota. When does swarming season occur. Why do bees swarm. How can beekeepers safely collect swarms. What are the characteristics of swarming bees. How can one become a swarm chaser in Minnesota.

The Natural Phenomenon of Honey Bee Swarms

Honey bee swarms are a fascinating and essential part of the natural reproductive cycle of these incredible insects. As the only type of bees that exhibit this behavior, honey bees showcase their remarkable adaptability and survival instincts through swarming. But what exactly triggers this phenomenon?

In Minnesota, the swarming season typically spans from May to September, coinciding with warm weather and abundant nectar and pollen sources. These favorable conditions stimulate the queen bee to increase her egg-laying activity, resulting in a rapid population growth within the hive.

As the colony expands, overcrowding becomes a significant issue. This congestion impedes the queen’s ability to lay eggs and hampers the worker bees’ efforts to store honey and pollen. In response to these challenging circumstances, the colony initiates the swarming process as a natural solution to ensure its continued growth and survival.

Factors Contributing to Swarm Formation

• Warm weather conditions
• Abundance of nectar and pollen
• Increased egg-laying by the queen
• Overcrowding in the hive
• Limited space for honey and pollen storage

Does overcrowding always lead to swarming? While overcrowding is a primary factor, other conditions such as the age of the queen and the overall health of the colony can also influence the likelihood of swarming. Beekeepers can sometimes prevent swarming by providing additional space or splitting the colony before it reaches critical mass.

The Fascinating Journey of a Honey Bee Swarm

Witnessing a honey bee swarm in action is truly a remarkable sight. These industrious insects typically choose to embark on their journey between 10 am and 2 pm on a sunny day, making it a spectacle for those fortunate enough to observe.

During a swarm, the queen bee, accompanied by approximately half of the colony (ranging from 5,000 to 20,000 worker bees), leaves the original hive in search of a new home. This airborne mass of bees creates a mesmerizing swirl as they navigate to a temporary resting place.

Where do swarms typically settle? Honey bee swarms may choose a variety of locations for their temporary rest stop. Common sites include:

• Tree branches
• Fire hydrants
• Mailboxes
• Parked vehicles

Once settled, the bees form a tight cluster around their queen, protecting her as scout bees venture out to locate a suitable permanent home. This search for a new dwelling can take anywhere from a few hours to two days, depending on the availability of suitable locations and the decision-making process of the colony.

Behavior of Swarming Bees

Contrary to popular belief, bees in a swarm are generally not aggressive or prone to stinging. Why is this the case? There are several reasons for their docile behavior:

1. They are focused on finding a new home rather than defending territory.
2. The bees have gorged themselves on honey before leaving the hive, making them less agile and more lethargic.
3. Without a permanent hive to protect, they have no reason to be defensive.

This temporary state of homelessness and their full stomachs contribute to a relatively calm demeanor, making it an ideal time for beekeepers to safely collect and relocate the swarm.

Safe and Effective Swarm Removal Techniques

When faced with a honey bee swarm, it’s crucial to approach the situation with caution and employ proper removal techniques. The first step in any swarm removal process is to confirm that you are indeed dealing with honey bees and not other stinging insects like yellow jackets or hornets.

How can one differentiate between honey bees and other similar insects? Honey bees have distinct characteristics such as their fuzzy appearance, golden-brown color, and non-aggressive behavior when swarming. Consulting reliable resources or contacting a local beekeeper can help in proper identification.

Once you’ve confirmed that you’re dealing with a honey bee swarm, there are several methods for safe removal:

Method 1: The Shake and Capture Technique

1. Place an empty hive box directly beneath the swarm cluster.
2. Firmly shake or gently drop the bees into the box.
3. Allow time for the majority of bees to move into the box (usually about an hour).
4. Seal the box securely and transport it to the desired location.

Method 2: The Branch Removal Approach

1. Carefully cut or remove the branch on which the swarm has settled.
2. Place the branch, with the swarm still attached, on top of an open hive box.
3. Wait for the bees to naturally migrate into the box.
4. Once the majority have entered, close the box and relocate it.

Are these methods suitable for all swarm situations? While these techniques work well for swarms in accessible locations, professional assistance may be required for swarms inside walls or building eaves. In such cases, a contractor might need to remove portions of the structure to access the bees safely.

The Role of Swarm Chasers in Minnesota

Swarm chasing is an exciting and rewarding aspect of beekeeping that plays a crucial role in honey bee conservation. But what exactly does a swarm chaser do? Swarm chasers are beekeepers who voluntarily respond to reports of honey bee swarms in their local area, safely collecting and relocating them to appropriate hives.

For those interested in becoming swarm chasers in Minnesota, the Minnesota Hobby Beekeepers Association (MHBA) offers an opportunity to get involved. By signing up through the MHBA’s Swarm Chaser form, beekeepers can indicate the areas they are willing to cover for swarm collection.

The Process of Becoming a Swarm Chaser

1. Complete the MHBA Swarm Chaser sign-up form.
2. Specify the geographical areas you can cover.
3. Wait for contact from the swarm coordinator when a swarm is reported in your area.
4. Respond promptly and collect the swarm using safe removal techniques.

Is becoming a swarm chaser guaranteed to result in swarm collection opportunities? While signing up increases your chances of being called for swarm removal, there’s no guarantee of receiving calls. However, not signing up ensures you won’t be contacted for these exciting opportunities.

The Importance of Swarm Collection for Bee Conservation

Swarm collection plays a vital role in honey bee conservation efforts. By safely retrieving and relocating swarms, beekeepers contribute significantly to the preservation of these essential pollinators. But why is this practice so crucial for bee populations and the environment?

When beekeepers collect swarms, they provide these homeless colonies with proper hives and care, increasing their chances of survival. This practice not only helps maintain healthy bee populations but also ensures that these industrious insects can continue their vital work of pollination and honey production.

Benefits of Swarm Collection:

• Prevents potential conflicts between bees and humans in urban areas
• Reduces the likelihood of swarms establishing hives in unsuitable locations
• Allows for the monitoring and care of bee colonies by experienced beekeepers
• Supports biodiversity and ecosystem health through continued pollination
• Provides opportunities for beekeepers to expand their apiaries sustainably

How does swarm collection impact local ecosystems? By ensuring that honey bee colonies are properly housed and cared for, swarm collection helps maintain a balanced ecosystem. These relocated bees continue to pollinate local flora, supporting plant diversity and providing food sources for various wildlife species.

Understanding the Lifecycle of a Honey Bee Colony

To fully appreciate the significance of swarming in honey bee colonies, it’s essential to understand the overall lifecycle of these fascinating insects. A honey bee colony operates as a superorganism, with each member playing a crucial role in the survival and prosperity of the hive.

Stages of Colony Development

1. Queen rearing and mating
2. Establishment of the new colony
3. Population growth and resource accumulation
4. Overwintering
5. Spring build-up
6. Swarming (colony reproduction)

How does swarming fit into this lifecycle? Swarming typically occurs during the peak of colony strength, usually in late spring or early summer. It represents the natural method of colony reproduction, allowing honey bees to expand their genetic diversity and colonize new areas.

The decision to swarm is influenced by various factors, including:

• The age and fertility of the queen
• Available space within the hive
• The colony’s overall health and resources
• Environmental conditions such as nectar flow and weather patterns

Understanding this lifecycle helps beekeepers anticipate and manage swarming behavior, ensuring the health and productivity of their colonies while also supporting natural bee populations.

Challenges and Opportunities in Urban Beekeeping

As interest in beekeeping grows, particularly in urban and suburban areas, new challenges and opportunities arise for both beekeepers and their communities. Urban beekeeping plays a crucial role in supporting pollinator populations and local ecosystems, but it also requires careful management and consideration of unique urban factors.

Key Challenges in Urban Beekeeping:

• Limited space for hives and flight paths
• Potential conflicts with neighbors and local regulations
• Higher risk of pesticide exposure from landscaping and gardening practices
• Increased likelihood of swarms settling in inconvenient locations
• The need for education and community outreach to dispel misconceptions about bees

How can urban beekeepers address these challenges? Successful urban beekeeping often involves:

1. Careful hive placement to minimize disruption to neighbors
2. Regular communication with local communities about the benefits of bees
3. Collaboration with local authorities to develop bee-friendly policies
4. Implementing swarm prevention techniques to reduce the likelihood of uncontrolled swarming
5. Participating in or organizing educational programs about beekeeping and pollinator conservation

Despite these challenges, urban beekeeping presents numerous opportunities for environmental stewardship, community engagement, and sustainable food production. By fostering a greater understanding of honey bees and their crucial role in urban ecosystems, beekeepers can contribute to more resilient and biodiverse cities.

The Impact of Urban Beekeeping on Local Flora

Does urban beekeeping significantly affect local plant populations? Research suggests that urban beekeeping can have a positive impact on local flora by:

• Increasing pollination rates for urban gardens and green spaces
• Supporting the growth and diversity of native plant species
• Enhancing fruit and seed production in urban fruit trees and vegetable gardens
• Contributing to the overall health and resilience of urban ecosystems

By understanding and addressing the unique aspects of urban beekeeping, enthusiasts can play a vital role in promoting biodiversity, environmental awareness, and sustainable practices in their communities.

Honey Bee Swarms – MN Hobby Beekeepers

Swarms are natural

Honey bees are the only type of bees that swarm. It is part of their natural reproductive lifecycle. The swarming season in MN usually runs from May through September. Warm weather and plentiful supplies of nectar and pollen stimulate the queen to lay more eggs. The resulting large numbers of young bees causes overcrowding in the hive, impeding both the queen’s desire to lay eggs and the worker bees’ ability to add more honey and pollen. Swarms are the natural outcome of these circumstances. MHBA members may be able to safely retrieve the swarm and give it a proper home. Bees collected and relocated in this way continue doing their good deeds of pollinating and making honey.

More about swarming

Fortunate are those who witness a swarm of bees flying to a resting place. Honey bees are not early risers and usually fly between 10am and 2pm on a sunny day. The queen and about half the colony (5,000 to 20,000 worker bees) will swirl from their hive and alight on a tree branch, fire hydrant, mailbox or even a car. The bees form a tight cluster around the queen while scout bees go out looking for a hollow space in which to make their new home. It may take a few hours or up to two days for a new home to be chosen. Bees in a swarm are not aggressive or inclined to sting while they wait. They are lazy and have filled their bellies with honey before leaving the hive, since they knew they would be without food until they found their new location. They are temporarily homeless, so they have nothing to defend.

Removal of a swarm

A swarm of honey bees located inside the walls or eaves of a building usually requires a contractor that can remove the materials to get access to the bees. There are several methods for collecting a swarm that is out in the open. The first step is to confirm they are really honey bees. See our Learn About Bees page for pictures of honey bees, yellow jackets and hornets.

• Place an empty hive box under the swarm and shake or drop the bees into the box. Most of the bees will continue to move into the box over the next hour or so. Then close and seal the box and transport to where you want the hive.
• Remove the tree branch with the swarm, and set it on top of the open hive box. The bees should move into the box, and you can then close it up and transport it.

Want to be a swarm chaser?

MHBA members may sign up by completing our Swarm Chaser sign-up form for the areas around town you are willing to cover. If we get a call/email about a swarm, our swarm coordinator will reference this list and try to contact volunteers to collect the swarm. There is no guarantee you will get a call, but you definitely won’t get one if you don’t sign up.

Swarm lacrosse will leave Twin Cities market

The Minnesota Swarm pro lacrosse franchise, founded in Minnesota in 2004, is leaving this market for a yet-to-be-determined location next season, the team announced Friday.

Citing difficulties in negotiating a new lease at its longtime home of Xcel Energy Center, difficulties competing with other pro sports in the Twin Cities, and a diminished base of season-ticket holders and corporate sponsors, team owner John Arlotta said it was time to move.

“It’s very much a bittersweet time. We’ve put our heart and soul into this for seven years,” said Arlotta, who bought the franchise in 2008 after it was originally run by Minnesota Sports and Entertainment. “We’ve met a lot of great people. We can’t be plugging holes and taking backward steps. We have to be on a forward trajectory. … We need to find an arena that works better for an individual owner.”

Arlotta, who along with his son Andy will continue to own and run the franchise, declined to discuss potential landing spots for the Swarm, saying “a number of places look promising, but it’s not done yet.” But it won’t be another Twin Cities arena, he said.

The Swarm’s lease at Xcel Energy Center expired after the recently completed 2015 season, when the team finished 6-12 in the National Lacrosse League and missed the playoffs for the second consecutive season. Arlotta said a new lease would have meant more Swarm games on Sundays, pushing the team out of its ideal Saturday night slots.

“Those were getting more and more scarce, and they would have gotten more scarce next year,” he said. “No disrespect to them; they have opportunities to do things next year and they were just being honest with us. And we appreciated that honesty, but it doesn’t work for us.”

The Swarm played six home games on Saturdays this past season, three on Fridays.

Even with lacrosse blossoming as a sport in Minnesota and with an average attendance of nearly 8,700 for nine home matches last season — the highest since 2010 — the franchise lost money, Arlotta said, declining to say how much.

“We were losing money every year. Oh gosh, yes,” he said. “We’ve never made money. This has been a love-of-the-game thing.”

The Swarm in 2013 lost a major corporate sponsor, Treasure Island Resort and Casino, prompting Arlotta to send an e-mail to fans asking for their support and warning of “tremendous financial losses that are not sustainable. ”

Rumors of the franchise folding or relocating began to surface recently when the Swarm, which would typically send out season ticket renewals in April, did not do so. And those relocation rumors became reality Friday.

“I’ve really enjoyed the experience at the Hive,” Arlotta said, referring to the nickname fans and the team gave the arena. “I believe we’ve created a unique, fun family experience that is really different from anything else in the marketplace. That’s what I have the most pride in and the most frustration with because it didn’t increase what we needed most, which was more season tickets and more sponsors.”

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Termites in Minnesota

Termite Activity in Minnesota

Termites are active across the southern half of the state, from Duluth to Minneapolis. They are less likely to be found in northern cities like Bemidji and Moorhead, Minnesota.

What Types of Termites are in Minnesota?

Subterranean termites are known to cause damage to homes in Minnesota. Drywood termites are not native to the state.

Subterranean termite:

Unknown Type:

Drywood termite:

Unknown Type:

Are Formosan Termites in Minnesota?

Formosan termites have not been identified in Minnesota. This species typically lives in very warm locations in the southern U.S.

Formosan termite:

Unknown Type:

When Do Termites Swarm in Minnesota?

Generally, termites swarm on a warm day after a rainfall. Swarms may occur during the winter in heated buildings. The swarming habit of the most common species in Minnesota is described below.

More Information about Termites in Minnesota

According to Termite Infestation Probability Zones (TIP Zones), the southern half of Minnesota is located in TIP Zone #3 (slight to moderate), which means there is some potential for damage by termites. Areas with lower probabilities for activity require fewer termite control measures to meet International Residential Code building standards for new homes than areas with more frequent activity.

Although drywood termites are not established in Minnesota, it is possible for this species to travel in wooden objects, such as furniture and wine crates, and establish colonies in the state. Drywood termites have been found in areas far from their native habitats. A licensed termite inspector can help identify species not native to the state.

In states like Minnesota where termites are active, it is essential to maintain an effective termite prevention and control program. If you own a home in Minnesota, talk to your termite control expert about methods to help protect your home from termite infestations and damage.

Tech for All | Saint Paul, Minnesota

Building Saint Paul’s Inclusive Digital Economy

Mobile Gaming Center from Summer 2020

The City of Saint Paul believes strongly that all jobs are tech jobs. Saint Paul has the people, leadership, and businesses to build the most inclusive tech economy in the world. There is a wealth of untapped human potential in our City. Our linguistic, ethnic, racial, and cultural diversity gives Saint Paul a competitive advantage.  

Tech For All is the City’s initiative to connect organizations and programs focused on creating an inclusive digital economy. Tech for All is working to accelerate Saint Paul’s economy by connecting Saint Paul residents of color and women to wealth building job opportunities — many that are going unfilled — and investing in tech-based education for Saint Paul’s future workforce: youth of color and girls. Tech For All centers racial and gender equity with a focus on engaging those who are not already engaged in the tech community.

There are four focus areas of Tech For All:+ Students + Career Pathways + Entrepreneurs + Community  

Creating Essential Educational and Employment Pathways

More than 7,000 tech jobs remain vacant in our region while people of color in the region remain disproportionately unemployed and underemployed.  Tech For All is working to create essential educational and employment pathways to build an inclusive digital economy that benefits everyone. All people in Saint Paul need access to these jobs that can be life changing. These jobs create opportunity for low-income, people of color, and women to build wealth and reduce inter-generational poverty.

Bringing Pop-Up Gaming and Drone Racing to a Neighborhood Near You

With support from the Knight Foundation, Tech For All piloted a series of pop-up gaming and drone racing events in Saint Paul neighborhoods during summer 2020. These events created a safe space for youth who aged out of other recreational opportunities and sparked interest in STEM careers through exciting, hands-on activities. The pop-up gaming pilots were successful, garnering high participation and enthusiastic support from youth and community partners.  

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Minnesota Wing Civil Air Patrol

MN Wing CAP nite at the SWARM Lacrosse game

Friday 3 April 2014 @ 1930 hrs.

Xcel Energy Center, 199 West Kellogg Boulevard, St. Paul, MN

Come early to watch the MN Wing Color Guard present the colors!

A) If we have at least 50 signups, the coach and some players will “Meet and Greet” with us.

B) If we have at least 75 signups, 40 of us will go onto the field to create the “tunnel” for the players to run through as they take the field.

COST: Tickets have been discounted about 50%!

Cost per person is $20 for End Zone seating and $26 for Sideline seating.

We will be sitting as a group in these two areas.

Due to circumstances beyond our control, tickets are non-refundable.

UNIFORM OF THE DAY:   Civvies

SIGNUP DEADLINE:   Monday, March 23, 2015 at 2359 hours

Event Registration

Online registration Payment with credit card or check.
Checks must be mailed to arrive by March 31 to:

MN Wing CAP

6275 Crossman Lane

Inver Grove Heights, MN 55076.

Details will be sent on exactly how to pick up your tickets.

Online Registration Form

CADETS have additional requirements:
Cadets must complete the signature page of a CAPF 31. At
the top of that page, write: SWARM 2015.

All cadets must have their parent/guardian’s signature

and their squadron commander’s signature.

No cadet can attend unless the CAPF31 is received by March 31st.

That form may be submitted one of two ways.

1. The form may be mailed to Wing HQ but must arrive no later than March 31st.
   
   Send the mailed CAPF31 to the attention of:
   
    
   
   George Supan, Administrator, MN Wing
   
   6275 Crossman Lane
   
   Inver Grove Heights, MN 55076
   
    
2. No later than 2359 CDT on 31 March, Email a scanned CAPF31 with signatures to the attention of:
   
    
   
   The Wing Administrator [email protected]

90,000 Bisexual Superman: the new gay swarm of our time

https://radiosputnik.ria.ru/20211012/supermen-1754139314.html

Bisexual Superman: the new gay swarm of our time

Bisexual superman: the new gay swarm of our

Bisexual Superman: the new gay swarm of our time

Radio Sputnik, 13.10.2021

2021-10-12T09: 48

2021-10-12T09: 48

2021-10-13T19: 23

authors

society

british airways

lgbt community

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It looks like Superman decided to commit a “feat” that few people expected to fall in love with. According to the author of an unconventional comic book, a powerful hero will become a support for gays. Where does this tolerance take us? It’s not for nothing that there are shades of blue in Superman’s suit. Although he had nothing to do with it, it was his son who could not resist the spell of a certain journalist.He provided support to the hero at the right time, and the friendly relationship grew into a romantic one. This is how Tom Taylor, the author of the new comic, decided to unfold the plot. By the way, the reason is appropriate: the day before, those who are in the subject celebrated the day of recognition of their sexual orientation (yes, there is one). The opus about the love of Superman and a reporter might have been considered an inappropriate joke had it not been supported by such monsters as DC Comics, one of the largest and most popular comic book publishers, and Warner Bros. But from this, to be honest, it becomes sad. Now we are waiting for the whole truth about a catwoman who is simply obliged to find herself a girlfriend, preferably black. Here is another example from a recent one. The largest British air carrier British Airways asked its employees to abandon the traditional form of greeting passengers “ladies and gentlemen” and change it to gender neutral. Now phrases like: “Welcome to all” or “Attention to all” will sound in the salon. And everyone will be happy: ladies and gentlemen, and persons of undetermined sex, and children.By the way, the innovation was explained, among other things, by caring for children: after all, you need to show that they are not forgotten! I remember myself as a child, I really liked to sit at the window and watch the plane take off from the ground. But the speech of pilots or flight attendants interested me a little. It seems that even now the kids, regardless of which country they live in, does not matter how the crew addresses the passengers. But, apparently, for some, this is the main problem in the aviation industry. Well, in conclusion, I remembered the classic of the genre: parent # 1 and parent # 2 instead of mom and dad.In Switzerland, such an appeal has already become practically the norm, it was supported by the United States, France and a number of other countries. But in Italy they tried to pass a similar law, but the attempts failed: common sense prevailed. But the fighters for gender equality are not asleep and continue to advance on all fronts. Even Superman couldn’t resist. And if he hadn’t flown thanks to his superpowers, he probably would have chosen British Airways. By Igor Ivanovsky, Sputnik radio Only selected quotes in our Telegram channel.

https://radiosputnik.ria.ru/20211010/gender-1753887283.html

https://radiosputnik.ria.ru/20210901/1748195325.html

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society, british airways, lgbt community

It looks like Superman decided to perform a “feat” that few expected from him: to become bisexual and fall in love with a man.According to the author of an unconventional comic book, a powerful hero will become a support for gays. Where will this tolerance lead us?

October 10, 14:59 In the world The British military were given guides: who is a woman and who is not

It’s not without reason that there are blue shades in the Superman suit. Although he had nothing to do with it, it was his son who could not resist the spell of a certain journalist. He provided support to the hero at the right time, and the friendly relationship grew into a romantic one. This is how Tom Taylor, the author of the new comic, decided to unfold the plot.By the way, the reason is appropriate: the day before, those who are in the subject celebrated the day of recognition of their sexual orientation (yes, there is one). The opus about the love of Superman and a reporter might have been considered an inappropriate joke had it not been supported by such monsters as DC Comics, one of the largest and most popular comic book publishers, and Warner Bros. But from this, to be honest, it becomes sad. Now we are waiting for the whole truth about the catwoman, who is simply obliged to find herself a girlfriend, preferably black.

September 1, 4:41 pm Authors Bourne re-identification. 20 states challenged Biden’s transgender decree

Here’s another example from a recent one.

British Airways, the largest British airline, has asked employees to abandon the traditional “ladies and gentlemen” greetings for passengers and change it to gender neutral. Now phrases like: “Welcome to all” or “Attention to all” will sound in the salon. And everyone will be happy: ladies and gentlemen, and persons of undetermined sex, and children.By the way, the innovation was explained, among other things, by caring for children: after all, you need to show that they are not forgotten! I remember myself as a child, I really liked to sit at the window and watch the plane take off from the ground. But the speech of pilots or flight attendants interested me a little. It seems that even now the kids, regardless of which country they live in, does not matter how the crew addresses the passengers. But, apparently, for someone this is the main problem in the aviation industry. August 1, 20:42 World Harvard professor was hounded on the Internet for the phrase about the existence of two sexes dads.In Switzerland, such an appeal has already become practically the norm, it was supported by the United States, France and a number of other countries. But in Italy they tried to pass a similar law, but the attempts failed: common sense prevailed.

But the fighters for gender equality are not asleep and continue to advance on all fronts. Even Superman couldn’t resist. And if he did not fly thanks to his superpowers, he would probably have chosen British Airways.

Author Igor Ivanovsky, radio Sputnik

July 27, 16:49

“Dream come true”? Disney introduces a non-binary character with a violin Briefly and to the point. Only select quotes in our Telegram channel.

Balsamic Rob Roy Recipe – European Cuisine: Drinks. “Food”

Balsamic Rob Roy cocktail recipe – European cuisine: Drinks. “Food”

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Rob Roy McGregor, or Red McGregor, is the national hero of Scotland, a kind of Robin Hood.More than one legend has been formed about his life’s ups and downs, but the premiere of the operetta “Rob Roy” in New York in 1894 became the reason for the invention of the cocktail.

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kcal

grams

grams

grams

* Caloric content of 902 gallons 9000 marshmallow 9000 m3

15 ml

Cocktail cherry

1 piece

Scotch blended whiskey

60 ml

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5 minutes

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1 Brush the rim of the serving glass with balsamic sauce: the easiest way is to pour it on a flat surface and dip the rim.

2 Fill a mixing glass with ice, pour whiskey, liqueur, angostura and vermouth into it, stir for twenty seconds. Pour the cocktail into a glass.

3 Dip the cocktail cherry in the balsamic sauce and place on a saucer.

Tip to the recipe “Rob Roy” – the same “Manhattan”, only it does not use bourbon, but Scotch whiskey.

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Rob Roy in 11 minutes. A summary of Scott’s novel

Rob Roy provides a broad and complex picture of Scottish and English social relations in the early 18th century. The action develops quickly, livelier than in other novels by Walter Scott. The main character, Francis Osbaldiston, is suddenly recalled from Bordeaux to his father on an important matter. Arriving in London, a twenty-year-old boy learns that his father wants to entrust him with running the business of the trading house “Osbaldiston and Tresham”, of which he is the director.Osbaldiston Sr. understands that years or a sudden illness will someday crush his strong body, and seeks to prepare in advance an assistant in the person of his son, who will take the helm from him when his hand weakens, and will lead the ship according to the advice and instructions of the old captain. But Frank has no desire to comprehend the secrets of commerce, this is an artistic nature, he writes poetry, loves literature. His refusal makes his father indignant, our hero is in danger of losing his inheritance, but this does not frighten him, and Frank tosses Owen, the senior clerk of the company, the phrase: “I will never sell my freedom for gold.”As punishment, the father sends Francis to the north of England, to visit his uncle there and get to know his family, with which he himself does not maintain any relationship. One of the uncle’s sons will have to, according to the plan of Osbaldiston Sr., take Frank’s place in the trading house.

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Francis hit the road and at one of the hotels at lunch meets Mr. Campbell, a Scotsman, who becomes the life of the company and arouses everyone’s interest. But Campbell’s and Frank’s paths diverge.

So, the young man arrives at his uncle’s castle, Osbaldiston Hall, a stronghold towering over the forests and cliffs of Northumberland – the border area beyond which begins the romantic Scotland unknown to Frank. The family portrait of the inhabitants of the castle is devoid of romance. “Not a bad collection,” notes Frank after meeting six cousins ​​- drunkards, gluttons and bums. Only one of them stands out from the general row – Rashley, the younger Osbaldiston; it is he, as we will find out later, to take Frank’s place.A distant relative of her uncle, Miss Diana Vernon, lives in the castle, a beautiful, intelligent and educated girl. Frank is fascinated by her, he listens to her every word, listens to the apt psychological characteristics that she gives to the inhabitants of the castle; her speech miraculously combines insight, courage and frankness.

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The measured, boring life in the castle suddenly ends. Frank is accused of high treason – such news is reported by Diana. Morris, one of Frank’s fellow travelers on the road, was robbed and suspects him of what he did; due to the fact that Morris was carrying money from the treasury to pay the troops in Scotland and at the same time very important documents were stolen from him, this is no longer a simple robbery, but a high treason. Diana offers Frank her help and wants to transport him to Scotland. (“No one will intercede for you, you are a stranger; and here, on the outskirts of the kingdom, local courts sometimes do ridiculous things.”) But Frank objects: he is not guilty, so you need to go to court and restore justice. In the house of the judge, Mr. Campbell suddenly appears, who exposes Morris, convicting him of a lie. It turns out that Campbell accompanied Morris on the way and witnessed the incident; he painted a picture of events, and the listeners learned that Morris was terribly cowardly and did not even try to resist the robbers, although he was in His Majesty’s army, and there were only two robbers.For himself, Campbell noticed that he was distinguished by a peaceful disposition and never intervened in quarrels and fights. Frank, who was attentively listening to Campbell’s story, caught the discrepancy between the words and the expression on his face when he talked about his peacefulness, and suspected that Campbell was involved in the incident not as a fellow traveler of Morris, who suffered with him, and not even as a spectator. But it is thanks to Campbell that the slanderer and coward Morris is ready to withdraw his testimony against Mr. Osbaldiston.The case is closed, Frank is above suspicion.

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However, this story is only the beginning of the tests that befell our hero. From Rushleigh, Frank learns the secret of Diana: according to the agreement concluded between the families, she must either marry one of Frank’s cousins, or go to a monastery. In love, Frank falls into despair. Diana warns him of a new danger: Frank’s father left for Holland on urgent business, and entrusted Raschleigh to run the company in his absence; which, in her opinion, will lead to the ruin of his father, since he wants to use the income and property of Osbaldiston Sr. as a means to implement his ambitious and insidious plans.Miss Vernon, alas, turns out to be right: Frank soon receives a letter from his father’s companion, who asks him to immediately go to the Scottish city of Glasgow, where Rashleigh is probably hiding with a large amount of stolen money and bills, Frank, upon arrival, needs to meet with Owen, who is already left for Glasgow. The young man is saddened by parting with Diana, but he understands that for his father “bankruptcy will be the greatest indelible shame, grief, for which the only cure is death”; therefore, taking a Scottish gardener as a guide, he takes the shortest route to the city.

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In church during a service, a stranger makes an appointment for Frank, adding: “In this city you are in danger.” He takes Osbaldiston to Owen’s prison, where this hardworking and devoted man tells the following. In Glasgow, the trading house had two main partners: the obliging and compliant McWitty and the stubborn, uncooperative Jarvey. Therefore, when, at a difficult moment for the company, Owen, having arrived in Scotland, turned to McWitty for help, he hoped for support, but his request was rejected; moreover, the “trustworthy” partner demanded that the entire cash asset of the firm be handed over to him as a guarantee in the event of a collapse.Owen indignantly rejected this demand and ended up in prison as a debtor, Frank realized that the warning he received meant that he himself could be imprisoned if he openly defends Owen, since Scottish debt laws are mercilessly harsh. Suddenly, Mr. Jarvey, an alderman (senior member of the city council), appears in the prison, who, having learned about the troubles of Osbaldiston and Tresham, came to the rescue. He gives a guarantee, and Owen is free. During this meeting, we learn that the alderman and the mysterious stranger who brought Frank on a date with Owen are relatives, the startled Jarvey exclaims: “You, notorious lawless, did you dare to crawl here into Glasgow’s prison? Robber, robber, how much do you think your head is worth ?! ” But Frank’s guide, whose name is Robin, is unperturbed, he replies to his cousin: “We, vagabond mountaineers, are unyielding people.”Imagine Frank’s amazement when he suddenly realized: the stranger Robin and Mr. Campbell are one person! Once again, this extraordinary man offers his help. Robin advises: let Owen stay in Glasgow and do everything he can, while Frank will go the next morning, accompanied by Jarvey, who knows the way, to him (Robin) in the mountains.

In the evening, walking in a city park, our hero meets a strange trinity: Rushley, McWitty and Morris. They do not notice Frank, they are talking, and he waits until Rashleigh is left alone.A duel on swords of two enemies could lead to a tragic outcome, but the timely appearance of Robin stops the bloodshed.

Frank, on the eve of his departure to the Highland, asks Jarvey to tell about her customs, and alderman willingly describes this corner of Scotland. This is a very special, wild world with its own laws. Half of the adult population is unemployed, and they live by theft, robbery, cattle stealing, and, worst of all, they are proud of it. (“They know no other law than the length of their blade.”) Each laird carries with him a small army of such robbers, called a clan, and from 1689 peace in the mountains was maintained by money, which, on the order of the king, the lairds distributed to their brave men. But now, since the accession to the throne of King George, the order is different: money is no longer distributed, the leaders do not have the means to maintain the clans that devour them, and, most likely, an uprising will soon break out. This event can speed up Rashleigh. Osbaldiston Sr. bought up forests in Scotland, and the trading house paid off in large sums of bills; and since the firm’s credit was high, the gentlemen of the Highland, the note-holders, always received loans in Glasgow for the full amount indicated in the notes.Now, if the bills are not paid, the Glasgow merchants will descend into the mountains to the lairds who have almost no money, and will pull the veins out of them, driving them to despair, so that the termination of payments by Frank’s father’s trading house will accelerate the explosion, which has long been overdue. “How strange,” said Frank, “that the trade affairs of London merchants influence the course of revolution and uprisings.” What can Robin do in this situation, and why did he call Frank to the Highland? Alderman advises Frank to rely on Robin.

Finding Rob Roy (this is what Robin was called for his red hair) in the mountains is not easy at all, the Captain of the Royal Army Thornton was ordered to catch the robber Rob Roy as soon as possible, and, despite the fact that the highlanders disarmed a detachment of military, which outnumbered them three times , Rob Roy is still captured. When crossing the river, he manages to escape thanks to the help of friends. At night in the mountains, Frank and Rob Roy’s paths converge. Rob Roy brings Frank and Jarvey to his home, and Frank listens with interest to the story of this amazing man. Robin was once prosperous and hardworking, but times were tough, and Rob loved to take risks, and as a result, he was bankrupt, a barefoot vagrant, deprived of all his fortune. There was no help from nowhere – “there is nowhere neither shelter, nor protection” – then Rob Roy moved into the mountains, began to live “by his own law.”Farmers paid him “black tribute”; this money served them as a guarantee that their property is inviolable: if, for example, thieves take away at least one sheep, Rob must return it or reimburse its value. And he always kept his word. Soon, Rob Roy rallied a whole team of daredevils around him and became their favorite leader, a man whose name alone was feared. Robin had long guessed about Rushleigh’s dastardly plans and now makes him, by means of threats, return all the promissory notes and securities in order to immediately transfer them to Frank. Our hero is once again convinced that this “robber” is a generous, honest man with whom he does not want to part.

In Glasgow, Frank meets with his father, who managed to settle all the cases and bring Rushleigh to court. But the trial will never take place, because just before the Osbaldistons leave for England, a rebellion breaks out in the mountains. Frank, in the ranks of the royal troops, participates in its suppression. During the fighting, all of Frank’s cousins ​​living in Osbaldiston Hall are killed, and Frank remains the sole heir to the castle.But he does not want to live alone and goes in search of Diana Verna. The girl, meanwhile, fulfilling the will of her father, finds herself in a monastery. Frank finds her there before she can get her hair cut as a nun. They get married and live happily ever after in the castle.

And in his native country, the memory of Rob Roy still lives on as a Scottish Robin Hood.

Mike Tyson and Roy Jones looked sixteen

The fight between two legends of professional boxing in the sixth ten – Mike Tyson and Roy Jones – did not result, at least, in a big embarrassment. Both great fighters, who had not entered the ring for a long time, worked out eight shorter rounds relatively cheerfully and fought as if they really really wanted to honestly earn good honoraria for their performance and win. The victory did not work out, however, for either one or the other: those who had to judge the most extraordinary and controversial fight of the year, considered it a draw as a sporting outcome.

The main result of this battle from the point of view of perception will be clear a little later – when the number of pay-per-view sales is calculated.But the preliminary result is already known, and it is quite favorable. Many prominent characters from the world of martial arts considered it necessary to speak about the events in the ring at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, and almost all resumes turned out to be quite complimentary.

Great Heavyweight George Foreman called the fight “the best show ever seen.”

Celebrity welterweight Amir Khan described him as “a great performance. ” President of the UFC, the main promotion in mixed martial arts, Dana White admitted that he was “shocked” by what was happening – in a good way.And ESPN, defining the salt of the match, chose a too worn-out, but in this case, it seems, the phrase “exceeded expectations” that hit the target quite aptly.

Well, yes, it was precisely this difference – between the worst fears associated with the battle of 54-year-old, Mike Tyson, and 51-year-old, Roy Jones, legends, and reality. It is approximately clear what the first ones were about. For two retirees who long ago (Tyson generally in the middle of the last decade) said goodbye to boxing, an achievement would be simply to designate a fight in which, of course, not actual skill was sold, but nostalgia.The achievement will be at least not to give an avalanche of reasons for caustic comments, jokes that threaten to splatter with black lines the entire beautiful poster, full of titles and records, and mockery about fees: $ 10 million for Mike Tyson and about half that for Roy Jones – a good prize fund and for top-end fights with belts at stake.

But, having sold nostalgia, they really were able to add something to it that became the subject of not jokes, but absolutely serious analysis.

The most amusing fact was that neither Roy Jones, nor even Mike Tyson, about whose “physics” there were great doubts, in the Staples Center did not “survive” at any cost, but fought.

Regulations, that is, the rounds shortened from three to two minutes, of course, helped. But, in the end, these rounds were not so few – eight. And throughout all eight, and not the first two or three, as was supposed, there was a very lively battle performed by two people who clearly did not cheat during the training camp. Tyson, who did not reach a hundredweight at the weigh-in, generally shocked: he was so “dry” only in the 1980s, at the peak that fell in his youth.

In this fight, it was not always, but not so rare, that something from the former Mike Tyson and Roy Jones slipped.Jones has these instinctive evasion-evasions, unexpected blows from strange angles. Tyson has a sharp lateral or uppercut in the clinch, in which the rivals control other people’s hands so tightly that it seems that they are not up to manipulating them.

And another important nuance: this lively battle did not pull a mile away with a “comradely” character, given in advance – even if it was not fixed on paper, but even without saying it aloud – with the promise of each of the two legends not to harm.

It looked too much like both Mike Tyson and Roy Jones wanted to win, or at least appear better than their opponents.And those who have already come to terms with the fact that the great “dinosaurs” do not care about the result, were surprised to see that they didn’t care.

And when the battle ended, the smell of intrigue hung in the air, connected with the result. Apparently, he didn’t give a damn about the three boxers who were put in place to determine the outcome of the match instead of professional referees and who, apparently, did not seriously analyze the actions of the fighters, agreeing that a draw is something that will suit everyone, something that is ideally suited to “Posters” selling nostalgia. And it would be curious to know how the real referees would assess him: there was something to argue about.

Roy Jones, strictly speaking, was more effective, stylish, fresher. But the organizers, leaving the fight without judges with their cards, putting on heavier gloves on the boxers – in other words, less dangerous – “eating” a minute away from the rounds, did not ban the CompuBox system on it. And her calculations spoke unequivocally in favor of Tyson: there are much more strikes that reached the target – 67 versus 37, the same alignment for power strikes, accented – 57 versus 28.But before leaving for the locker room, they argued about who was supposed to win that evening, Mike Tyson and Roy Jones were somehow sluggish – without the enthusiasm with which they traded memories of an outstanding past inside the ring.

Alexey Dospekhov

90,000 Boxing and MMA: Sports: Lenta.ru

On November 29, boxing fans had the opportunity to remember their youth. The legends of the 1990s have returned to the ring – former world champions Mike Tyson and Roy Jones Jr. The showdown was the most anticipated duel of the decade, with record PPV pre-order numbers.But what did the audience get in the end? Details – in the material “Lenta.ru.”

In 2005, Irishman Kevin McBride became the guy who hammered the final nail into the coffin of Iron Mike’s career. In the last years of his performances, the ex-champion was never able to return to boxing for real. A knockout in the seventh round – and Tyson decided that he had had enough.

Once the most dangerous man on the planet did not train for the next fifteen years. And suddenly he decided to fight. No, not to return to the ring, but to fight at least with yourself.

Tyson again plunged into the training process, enlisting the help of Rafael Cordeiro, who once trained the champions of the Absolute Fighting Championship (UFC) Anderson Silva and Fabrizio Werdum.

Iron Mike went over his own motor, which terrified rivals back in the 1980s. I changed the fuel, giving up animal products. And he even carried out restoration work, undergoing stem cell treatment.

15 minutes on the treadmill became 120 minutes.Tyson dropped over 45 kilograms. Iron Mike’s pumped-up torso flashing on social networks and the frightening speed of his blows in the video did their job. In the spring of 2020, the ex-world heavyweight champion announced that he would not mind taking part in a charity bout. The fans’ dreams of the champion’s comeback began to take on quite real features.

Mike Tyson

Photo: Douliery Olivier / ABACA / TASS

Tyson’s main rival, Evander Holyfield, shook off the dust.Both veterans were verbally ready for the trilogy, but it didn’t work out. And the same McBride was ready to give Mike revenge.

The choice ultimately fell on Roy Jones, Jr. Captain Hook’s career dived smoothly. The 51-year-old American hung up his gloves on a nail relatively recently – in February 2018, but for objective reasons by this time he did not look as frightening as in his best years.

On the eve of the battle of veterans, Jones, with his wrinkles on his face, looked almost an easy prey against the background of a rejuvenated and hungry Tyson.Although behind this man there are 47 knockout wins.

The California State Athletic Commission secured itself from all sorts of claims on the eve of the fight of boxers whose total age has exceeded 100 years. No knockouts, rounds of two minutes and other judges’ crutches, in general, traditional for exhibition fights.

UFC head Dana White made fun of the rules of the upcoming fight. “Do you think Jones will win? Knockout? What? According to the rules of this fight, there can be no knockout? How are they going to make this rule work? Damn it, I didn’t know there would be no winner, what a strange fight, ”he said.

Mike Tyson (left) and Roy Jones

Photo: Lynn Millspaugh / USA TODAY Sports / Reuters

True, these nuances did not matter for Tyson and Jones. “This is a real fight for us,” said the happy Russian Jones before the fight. – He knows that Roy Jones will be in front of him. I know I will fight Tyson. Mike comes out to endure opponents. ”

54-year-old Tyson was also not bothered by subtleties in the form of judicial obstacles. “Two minutes? It takes two seconds to knock him out, ”Iron Mike recalled.

Information about vegetarian rules did not bother the public either. Sales figures were not officially announced, but the press announced that the PPV pre-order was a record. The event was named the most anticipated fight of the decade.

At the weigh-in ceremony and battle of looks, Tyson looked menacing. Jones held the cool gaze of the most dangerous man on the planet. The fighters did not shake hands. And something suggested that it had nothing to do with the pandemic.

At the same time, the last time Tyson weighed 99.8 kilograms already 23 years ago.Jones, on the other hand, has never been harder. Before the fight, the scale showed just over 95 kilograms.

Official statistics did not take into account the confrontation between Tyson and Jones. They never returned to professional boxing. They put on their gloves again, stepped over the ropes again to show the class.

From the very first punches and maneuvers performed by honored boxers, recent critics of the athletic commission were convinced of the correctness of its decisions. Three minute rounds would ruin this fight for both the fans and the athletes themselves.The adapted rules allowed both Jones and Tyson to really open up without showing fatigue towards the end of the rounds.

And Captain Hook and Iron Mike weren’t at the veteran pace. For which the bodies of the boxers were clearly not ready. Already in the first rounds, they breathed, but did not slow down.

Jones turned out to be an extremely uncomfortable opponent for Tyson. The latter was forced to constantly break the distance with the opponent eluding his attacks and flee from the cunning jabs performed by Roy.Intimidating videos with the reactive Tyson, who almost knocked out his own trainer, circulated around the network. But Jones quietly built a good cardio in the shortest possible time. Indeed, for constant movements, feints, so necessary for his own style of fighting, you need to control breathing very well.

Mike Tyson (left) vs. Roy Jones

Photo: Joe Scarnici / USA TODAY Sports / Reuters

Tyson never found a recipe against Jones’ maneuvers.However, is it really necessary? Pressure, aggression – everything was with him. Therefore, Mike, in his usual manner, went ahead on this defense, deeply echeloned with trompe l’oeil. Shrank into a spring of anger and exploded in short combinations in the hope of hitting the target. Yes, whatever the rules, both fighters were keen to finish the bout ahead of schedule.

Tyson’s corner fiercely demanded an increase in pace and a long-awaited knockout. “Show me the damn machine gun, Mike!” – came from the seconds. And then the demands soared to sky-high heights: “Show me Ali, Mike!”

But Jones was really good at this fight.Captain Hook chose an energy-consuming but working tactic. Breaking through to him, Tyson drowned in a clinch. Yes, from this position, Roy could hardly have inflicted significant damage on his opponent, but the beast inside Mike was safely restrained. And here, just to the rescue of Jones, the signal came to the end of the round.

A human-powered time machine brought the spectators and the boxers themselves back to the 1990s. You can’t hide from age, but Jones and Tyson showed an unprecedented density and pace for a veteran fight. All eight rounds raced quickly and, in the absence of scoring, a draw became natural.And in fact, a double victory.

“You were all so worried about Roy. Why wasn’t anyone scared for my ass? ” – Tyson wondered kindly. The promo videos and the excitement about Mike’s unprecedented form were made of Jones an underdog. However, the fight showed how unfair these assumptions were.

Tyson, both before and after the fight, emphasized: he fought not for himself, but for the future of other people. After decades of mistakes, drunkenness, drugs, he rebuilt himself, entered the ring and passed the test.And Jones did not shame either the American or the Russian flag.

A veteran veteran fight would be an excellent propaganda campaign for an active aging program. Anyone can do this … who has a personal trainer, nutritionist and funds for special therapy. But, if all the jokes aside, the fight between Jones and Tyson still confirmed the phrase from the famous film: “As long as I breathe, nothing is over.”

ROY is … What is ROY?

90,000 Willpower: what is it and should it be developed?

We have heard from childhood that we need to train willpower and learn to give up momentary joys in the name of benefit. But scientists have found that this is not the most effective approach. Finding out how to deal with temptations

Marshmallow Experiment

In 1972, a group of American psychologists decided to conduct an experiment on 32 children aged three to five years.They were individually seated in a small room, placed in front of them with sweetness (marshmallows or cookies) and explained the conditions: you can eat the treat right now, or you can hold out for 15 minutes and get twice as much. Only a third of the participants were able to resist the temptation.

Of course, we adults could easily hold out for these 15 minutes. But what if the researchers suggested something different? It is difficult for an alcoholic to resist the urge to empty a mini-bar full of spirits in a hotel. It’s hard for a fast food addict to walk past McDonald’s.It is hard for many not to watch a couple more episodes of their favorite series to the detriment of sleep.

Rare Experiment

In an experiment with adults, psychologist Roy Baumeister asked 67 volunteers not to eat for three hours. They then entered a room that was filled with the scent of freshly baked chocolate chip cookies. The participants in the experiment sat down at a table on which there were two bowls: with cookies and with radishes. Half could only eat vegetables, and the other half could eat whatever they wanted. After that, everyone had to complete a complex puzzle.

In fact, putting the puzzle together was basically impossible – Roy Baumeister just wanted to see how long the volunteers would try. It turned out that those who ate radishes stopped trying twice as fast as those who allowed themselves to eat cookies. This scientific work was followed by more than 200 experiments that proved the phenomenon of ego depletion – willpower is a limited resource. If you waste it on petty self-restraints, it may not be enough to deal with serious temptations and overcome difficulties.

Instead of willpower

So willpower doesn’t work very well. But how then can you force yourself to eat less junk food and not watch TV shows until late at night? Through experiments, scientists have found that there are two effective ways to resist temptation.

Reduce temptation

In a recent study, more than 8,000 people carried around a device that asked them throughout the day questions about whether they resist any temptation, how strong it is, and whether they succeed.After analyzing the data, the phenomenon of ego depletion was reaffirmed: over time, the ability to fight declined. However, the new finding was that people with higher self-control scores simply used it less often.

In another scientific work, scientists came to a similar conclusion: more successful in achieving goals are not those who constantly control themselves through willpower, but those who use it less often. A number of other psychologists agree with this. To combat bad habits, it is important not to resist them, but to minimize the temptations of your life as much as possible.If you need to make a presentation, but you are constantly distracted by social media, turn off your phone for a while, rather than fight the urge to open Instagram.

Distracted by something else

Let’s go back to the experiment with children and sweets. The researchers noticed that those who managed to hold out for 15 minutes did not just fight the temptation – they closed their eyes with their palms, talked to themselves, sang songs, and made up games with their hands and feet. They acted like smart adults – they did not fight against harmful desire, but tried to distract themselves from it.

This is the main secret of training willpower: it just isn’t needed. If you constantly resort to it, then at first it will work, and then it will simply be wasted, like, for example, a day’s supply of energy. It is important not to resist temptations, but to avoid them. If you have a drinking problem, do not book a hotel with a minibar in your room. If you can’t give up fast food, don’t go past fast food restaurants. And if you really want to finish watching the series instead of sleeping, reschedule the last episodes in the morning.Would you want to get up early for them?

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