What does gamesmanship mean. Gamesmanship: The Art of Strategic Advantage in Sports and Beyond

What is gamesmanship. How does gamesmanship differ from cheating. Can gamesmanship be considered ethical. How does gamesmanship impact fair play in sports. When did the concept of gamesmanship originate. Who coined the term gamesmanship. How is gamesmanship used in professional sports.

Table of Contents

The Origins and Definition of Gamesmanship

Gamesmanship is a concept that has intrigued sports enthusiasts, competitors, and observers for decades. The term was first introduced by Stephen Potter in his 1947 book, “The Theory and Practice of Gamesmanship.” But what exactly does this intriguing term mean?

Gamesmanship can be defined as the art of gaining an advantage in a game or sport through clever, often dubious tactics that push the boundaries of the rules without explicitly breaking them. It’s about outsmarting opponents and exploiting loopholes to gain an edge, often through psychological manipulation or subtle rule-bending.

The Etymology of Gamesmanship

The word “gamesmanship” is a compound noun formed from “game” and “manship.” The suffix “-manship” denotes skill or artistry in a particular field. Thus, gamesmanship literally translates to the skill or art of playing games, but its connotation goes beyond mere gameplay to encompass strategic maneuvering and psychological tactics.

Gamesmanship vs. Sportsmanship: A Delicate Balance

How does gamesmanship differ from sportsmanship? While sportsmanship emphasizes fair play, respect for opponents, and adherence to both the letter and spirit of the rules, gamesmanship often operates in a gray area. It’s about gaining every possible advantage, even if it means bending the rules or engaging in psychological warfare.

Gamesmanship might involve:

Tactical time-wasting
Verbal intimidation of opponents
Strategic use of injury timeouts
Manipulating equipment within legal limits
Exploiting referee blind spots

These tactics, while not outright cheating, can certainly push the boundaries of what’s considered ethical in sports.

The Psychology Behind Gamesmanship

Why do athletes and competitors engage in gamesmanship? The psychology behind this behavior is complex and multifaceted. At its core, gamesmanship is about gaining a mental edge over opponents. It’s a form of psychological warfare designed to throw adversaries off their game.

Practitioners of gamesmanship often seek to:

Create doubt in their opponents’ minds
Disrupt their opponents’ focus and concentration
Provoke emotional reactions that impair performance
Establish dominance through non-physical means
Exploit weaknesses in their opponents’ mental game

The Role of Confidence in Gamesmanship

Confidence plays a crucial role in gamesmanship. Those who excel at it often possess an unwavering belief in their abilities and a keen understanding of human psychology. They use this confidence to project an aura of invincibility, further unsettling their opponents.

Gamesmanship in Professional Sports: Examples and Controversies

Professional sports are rife with examples of gamesmanship, some more controversial than others. In football (soccer), players might exaggerate injuries to waste time or get opponents carded. In tennis, strategic bathroom breaks or medical timeouts can disrupt an opponent’s rhythm. Baseball has a long history of sign-stealing and subtle equipment modifications.

One infamous example of gamesmanship occurred in the 1982 FIFA World Cup semi-final between West Germany and France. German goalkeeper Harald Schumacher’s brutal collision with French defender Patrick Battiston, which went unpunished, was seen by many as a deliberate act of intimidation rather than an accident.

The Fine Line Between Gamesmanship and Cheating

Where does gamesmanship end and cheating begin? This question has sparked countless debates in the sports world. While gamesmanship operates within the rules (albeit often stretching them), cheating involves clear violations. However, the line can be blurry, and what one person considers clever gamesmanship, another might view as unethical conduct.

The Impact of Gamesmanship on Fair Play and Sportsmanship

Does gamesmanship undermine the spirit of fair play? Many argue that it does, claiming that such tactics detract from the purity of competition and the true test of skill. Others contend that gamesmanship is simply part of the game, a test of mental fortitude as much as physical prowess.

The debate often centers on whether gamesmanship:

Enhances or diminishes the spectator experience
Teaches valuable life skills or promotes unsportsmanlike behavior
Is an inevitable part of high-stakes competition or a corrosive influence
Should be more strictly regulated or accepted as part of sports culture

Gamesmanship Beyond Sports: Business and Politics

The principles of gamesmanship extend far beyond the realm of sports. In business, political negotiations, and even personal relationships, people often employ tactics reminiscent of sports gamesmanship to gain advantages.

In the corporate world, gamesmanship might involve:

Strategic information leaks
Manipulative negotiation tactics
Creating artificial scarcity to drive demand
Using media influence to shape public perception

Political gamesmanship is equally prevalent, with politicians employing various strategies to outmaneuver opponents, sway public opinion, and achieve their goals within the confines of the law.

Teaching and Learning Gamesmanship: Ethical Considerations

Should gamesmanship be taught as a skill? This question raises important ethical considerations. On one hand, understanding gamesmanship can help individuals navigate competitive environments more effectively. On the other, it may perpetuate behaviors that some consider unsportsmanlike or unethical.

Educators and coaches often grapple with how to address gamesmanship:

Should it be discouraged entirely?
Should it be taught as a necessary skill with ethical boundaries?
How can the line between gamesmanship and cheating be clearly defined?
What role should gamesmanship play in character development?

The Role of Rules and Enforcement

The effectiveness of gamesmanship often depends on how rules are enforced. Stricter enforcement can reduce opportunities for gamesmanship, but it may also lead to a more rigid, less dynamic competitive environment. Finding the right balance is a constant challenge for sports governing bodies and officials.

The Future of Gamesmanship in an Era of Technology

As technology continues to advance, how will gamesmanship evolve? In many sports, technological innovations have reduced opportunities for certain types of gamesmanship. Video replay, for instance, has made it harder to get away with subtle fouls or equipment violations.

However, technology has also opened up new avenues for gamesmanship:

Data analytics to exploit opponent weaknesses
Social media mind games
Advanced equipment modifications
Sophisticated sign-stealing techniques

As sports continue to evolve, so too will the art of gamesmanship, presenting ongoing challenges for athletes, officials, and governing bodies alike.

gamesmanship – definition and meaning

I admit this kind of gamesmanship is beyond my ken.

Transition: It Does An Obama Body Good – Swampland – TIME.com

It always seemed like a lot of PR gamesmanship from a goodly percentage of folks on both sides.

The Volokh Conspiracy » Benjamin Wittes Comments on His AQ7 Letter at The New Republic

We need REAL REFORM, not political gamesmanship from the ultra-left.

Lieberman opposes Medicare at 55

WASHINGTON — A top Washington regulator waded into a programming-fee dispute between Cablevision Systems Corp. and News Corp. ‘s Fox Television division, telling the two sides that “the time for petty gamesmanship is over.”

FCC Chairman Chastises Fox, Cablevision

With Phelps and Bowman being coy about what will be on Phelps ‘program in Beijing, Schubert admits some gamesmanship is involved.

Phelps, Hoff set world marks in 400 IM at swim trials

Some say that gamesmanship is common among scouts who gather before each game.

USATODAY.com – Scouts’ arsenal of video, clipboards, radar has MLB teams playoff-ready

Inter Milan coach Jose Mourinho has fanned the flames ahead of Wednesday’s Champions League semi-final second leg against Barcelona by calling for referee Frank de Bleeckere to act upon any gamesmanship from the Catalan side.

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Definition and synonyms of gamesmanship in the English dictionary

GAMESMANSHIP – Definition and synonyms of gamesmanship in the English dictionary

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I like the way words go together and I like the gamesmanship of writing poetry. It is such a challenge.

Jeffery Deaver

PRONUNCIATION OF GAMESMANSHIP

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF GAMESMANSHIP

Gamesmanship is a noun.

A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES GAMESMANSHIP MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Gamesmanship

Gamesmanship is the use of dubious methods to win or gain a serious advantage in a game or sport. It has been described as “Pushing the rules to the limit without getting caught, using whatever dubious methods possible to achieve the desired end”. It may be inferred that the term derives from the idea of playing for the game as opposed to sportsmanship, which derives from the idea of playing for sport. The term originates from Stephen Potter’s humorous 1947 book, The Theory and Practice of Gamesmanship .

Definition of gamesmanship in the English dictionary

The definition of gamesmanship in the dictionary is the art of winning games or defeating opponents by clever or cunning practices without actually cheating.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH GAMESMANSHIP

ˌkætɪˈkjuːmənˌʃɪp

kəʊˈtʃɛəmənˌʃɪp

Synonyms and antonyms of gamesmanship in the English dictionary of synonyms

Translation of «gamesmanship» into 25 languages

Trends of use of gamesmanship

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «GAMESMANSHIP»

The term «gamesmanship» is regularly used and occupies the 64. 926 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.

The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «gamesmanship» in the different countries.

Principal search tendencies and common uses of gamesmanship

List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «gamesmanship».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «GAMESMANSHIP» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «gamesmanship» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «gamesmanship» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about gamesmanship

3 QUOTES WITH «GAMESMANSHIP»

Famous quotes and sentences with the word gamesmanship.

I like the way words go together and I like the gamesmanship of writing poetry. It is such a challenge.

While I have worked hard to bring folks to the middle to craft common-sense solutions to the many problems that confront our nation, Washington is mired in gridlock, gamesmanship and constant partisan bickering.

Americans are sick and tired of political gamesmanship.

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO

«GAMESMANSHIP»

Discover the use of gamesmanship in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to gamesmanship and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.

Psychology of Gamesmanship – How to Manage Mind Games and Tricks

However fiercely you may cling to the high ideals of upstanding sportsmanship, the reality of the world is that there are many who do not. This book is your best educational tool.

The Theory and Practice of Gamesmanship: or The Art of …

or The Art of Winning Games Without Actually Cheating Stephen Potter.
Morteroyed in reply, displaying his little finger, the top joint of which was missing. ‘
Jet plane,’ he said. ‘The skin has just healed.’ This was dangerous, for many of us
knew …

Gamesmanship for Teachers: Uncommon Sense Is Half the Work

This book is a respectful blend of ‘by-educator/for-educator straight talk,’ game sharpening strategy, and a celebration of why great teachers went into education in the first place and why they should stay.

Computer gamesmanship: the complete guide to creating and …

An Introduction & Guide to Computer Games & Artificial Intelligence

… Honeybourne, Michael Hill, Helen Moors. Definition FAIR PLAY Treating your
opponent as an equal and abiding by the rules of your sport. Definition
GAMESMANSHIP Where you use whatever means you can to overcome your
opponent.

John Honeybourne, Michael Hill, Helen Moors, 2000

“The struggle between good and evil, setinthe context ofa highprofile lawsuit with
millions at stake, makes Gamesmanship afunand fascinating read. Williams spins
a tale of legal machinations with complete authority through characters you …

Hanging On By My Fingernails: Surviving the New Divorce …

Hanging On By My Fingernails: Surviving the New Divorce Gamesmanship, and How a Scratch Can Land You in Jail In this daring, groundbreaking book, journalist Janie McQueen unveils the truth behind the “new divorce gamesmanship”–vicious …

Gamesmanship is a slippery concept that is hard to define. Unlike cheating, it
does not involve violating the rules of the game in the hope of avoiding detection.
Examples include using legal but morally dubious designed tactics to unsettle …

William John Morgan, 2007

Encyclopedia of British Humorists: Geoffrey Chaucer to John …

The theory of gamesmanship is very diverse. It can be subtle, as the previous
example illustrates, yet it also may take on outrageous proportions. Another
instance concerning Dr. Joad, discomfiting Potter himself, occurred when the
former …

Sports Ethics for Sports Management Professionals

Isn’t part of gamesmanship getting your opponent to think about something else
other than winning? If so, Mike Scott was a gamesmanship guru. CASE STUDY 2
-11 Baseball’s Showman There is no doubt Bill Veeck was the showman of …

Patrick Thornton, Walter T. Champion, Jr., Lawrence S. Ruddell, 2011

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «GAMESMANSHIP»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term gamesmanship is used in the context of the following news items.

seMissourian.com: Column: Bob Miller: When Obama ruins your life …

The red-and-blue gamesmanship, played by politically fueled commentators and candidates who capitalize on it, can make people think our … «Southeast Missourian, Jul 15»

Greece’s fate uncertain as European officials deadlock on bailout …

… of the authenticity of the document, but its sudden leak to news media was an indication of the tension and gamesmanship at the talks. «Los Angeles Times, Jul 15»

Brian Monteith: EU voters feel betrayed by leaders – The Scotsman

There are many in the Conservative Party and amongst their cheerleaders that appear to think this political gamesmanship is a great wheeze, … «Scotsman, Jul 15»

Ashes 2015: England’s Stuart Broad has earned his place among …

And you know, you could go on about his attitude, his gamesmanship, his celebrappealing, whatever. But you can interpret all this in two ways. «Telegraph.co.uk, Jul 15»

Former NFL Coach Jim Fassel Says DeAndre Jordan’s Flip Shows …

“There’s always gamesmanship in that. If the guy had committed to us and said that we had a verbal agreement, ‘We’re done, you’re good, … «WTMM 104.5 The Team – ESPN Radio, Jul 15»

Area players reflect on club, prep seasons

Even with the subtle gamesmanship, Nichols knows playing with some of the best players in the area is a benefit to her. “It’s definitely tougher … «Herald Times Reporter, Jul 15»

Down and Out in Athens and Brussels

We see a European system of crisis management that is fraught with ineptitude, extreme politicization, gamesmanship, and unprofessionalism. «Project Syndicate, Jul 15»

Judge slams NYCHA bigs for not showing up to mold hearing – NY …

In the Friday hearing, Pauley also dubbed as “gamesmanship” NYCHA’s delays in turning over required and meaningful reports on the status of … «New York Daily News, Jul 15»

Wimbledon 2015: Novak Djokovic beats Richard Gasquet

“The only reason I am worried about Novak is if you call a trainer you are normally behind in the score and it is gamesmanship. He is giving … «BBC News, Jul 15»

Wimbledon 2015: If Garbine Muguruza wants to be successful she …

Asked whether accusations of gamesmanship made against her in her quarter-final were genuine, she dusted down her favourite reply, honed … «The Independent, Jul 15»

REFERENCE

« EDUCALINGO. Gamesmanship [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/gamesmanship>. Apr 2021 ».

ⓘ Encyclopedia – Gamesmanship – sportsmanship. Gamesmanship is the use of

3. Association football

In association football, it is considered good sportsmanship to kick the ball out of play if a player on the opposing side is injured; when the ball is to be thrown in, it is also considered to be good sportsmanship in this situation to kick it or throw it back to the other team who had intentionally kicked it out. Gamesmanship arises in this situation when, rather than passing the ball back to the side who kicked the ball out, the injured players teammates keep the ball after the throw-in. Whilst not illegal or against the rules of the sport, it is heavily frowned upon.

A high-profile example occurred during the game between Portugal and the Netherlands in round of 16 of the 2006 FIFA World Cup, where the game, already marred by numerous cautions and even 4 red cards, further deteriorated because of such an incident. Also, in a 1998–99 FA Cup fifth round tie between Arsenal and Sheffield United, Arsenals winning goal scored under these circumstances although as a result of a misunderstanding rather than a deliberate action was so contentious the Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger offered to replay the match. Sheffield United accepted, though Arsenal went on to win the second game by the same score, 2-1.

Feigning injury to cause the ball to be kicked out is another example of gamesmanship intended to break the flow of play, though if detected, it may be regarded as ungentlemanly conduct, which is a breach of the laws and hence is no longer gamesmanship. In response to claims of feigned injuries during the 2006 World Cup, the Premier League has asked players, managers and referees to end the custom as of the 06/07 season, instead preferring a referee alone to determine whether a break in play is needed.

When a free kick is awarded, members of the defending team will often pick up the ball and drop it back behind them as they retreat. Whilst not throwing the ball away, which would be an infringement, the purpose is to prevent a swiftly taken free kick.

Best and Worst Attempts at Gamesmanship | Bleacher Report

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Tom Szczerbowski/Getty Images

In sports, someone is always looking for an edge—for some weakness to exploit and gain the upper hand. The tactics behind the strategy can be physical, psychological, schematic or something else altogether. Call it gamesmanship.

Gamesmanship is what a player or coach does to go beyond the game plan and get the other team off its game. Sometimes the way it’s done is itself brilliant, but gamesmanship can be a well-tread strategy that an individual has perfected into an art form.

When gamesmanship succeeds, it can be the stuff of legends; when it fails, it can become an epic cautionary tale. Often, there are contrasting examples of gamesmanship that show how it is and isn’t done—these can even be two opposing perspectives of the same moment.

These are the best and worst attempts at gamesmanship.

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Jim Rogash/Getty Images

The problem with publicly guaranteeing your team is going to win a game is that it might not, despite the show of strength. The biggest problem with former Pittsburgh Steelers safety Anthony Smith’s guarantee—as a road showdown with the 12-0 New England Patriots loomed ahead—is that his team could not win.

Willfully supplying bulletin board material is high-risk gamesmanship (in the best of situations), but when Smith declared to the media, “People keep asking me if we’re ready for the Patriots. They should be asking if they’re ready for us,” it was like the defensive back wanted to get torched by Tom Brady—which he did.

The Patriots destroyed the Steelers 34-13—an outcome that surprised almost no one—with Brady throwing four touchdowns and burning the secondary for 399 yards. Smith endured chants of “Gaur-an-tee” from the crowd and became a modern example of the perils of guaranteeing victory.

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Associated Press

Hall of Fame quarterback “Broadway” Joe Namath’s guarantee that his underdog New York Jets would beat the vaunted Baltimore Colts in Super Bowl III is one of those legendary NFL moments that makes pro football so compelling. However, his display of confidence would have been compelling for far different reasons if the Jets hadn’t beaten the Colts 16-7, but they did.

Namath didn’t walk away from his own words, continuing to play up his team’s chances to the press; at one point, he even had a run-in with Colts defensive end and field-goal kicker Lou Michaels at a night club.

Colts head coach Don Shula has said he felt confident the Colts defense could handle Broadway Joe, so hearing about the young quarterback’s comments leading up to the game surely convinced him that his squad would be more than ready.

But Namath backed up the talk, while the heavily favored Colts committed five turnovers and failed to score until late in the fourth quarter.

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Scott Cunningham/Getty Images

Every NFL team wants to truly have home-field advantage when a visiting opponent takes the field, but one advantage expressly prohibited by the league is pumping in artificial crowd noise (dome teams especially benefit from such tactics). Though the Indianapolis Colts have never been officially punished for feeding crowd noise into the PA system, they’ve drawn plenty of suspicion. Call it gamesmanship on the edge.

The Atlanta Falcons, however, got caught using artificial crowd noise over the last two seasons, and it cost team president Ralph McKay the chairmanship on the NFL Competition Committee, a fifth-round draft pick in 2016 and a cool $350,000. Getting busted isn’t the worst part—the fact that the team went 6-10 at home over that span of time is.

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Harry How/Getty Images

One NFL franchise that has had no trouble creating a loud, raucous environment for visitors is the Seattle Seahawks. CenturyLink Field is considered one of the toughest places to win, and a huge part of it is the sheer volume of the crowd noise. The fans are so loud that during a game in 2005, the New York Giants committed 11 false starts and missed three field goals. An entity in itself, the home crowd earned the designation of The 12s.

And though several other franchises call their home crowd the 12th Man, there’s no doubt the Seahawks have a truly disruptive force in their home-field crowd.

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Earlier this year on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, retired NBA Hall of Famer Reggie Miller—who lived to torment his opponents with trash talk—told a story (h/t For The Win) about when his Indiana Pacers played Michael Jordan and the Chicago Bulls during his rookie season in 1987.

A parable of sorts, or at least a good lesson about knowing the difference between gamesmanship and self-destruction, Miller decided to let the Michael Jordan know that he was less than impressed with No. 23’s four first-half-points (after scoring 10 himself).

Jordan dropped 40 on the Pacers in the second half, while Miller scored just two points. As they walked off the court at the end of the game, Jordan turned to Miller and said: “You never talk to Black Jesus like that.”

Boom.

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Barry Gossage/Getty Images

The worst moment for one person can sometimes be the best moment for another—that’s just the nature of life and, to an even greater extent, sports.

Such is the case of Reggie Miller’s decision to use words to poke at a hornet’s nest called Michael Jordan. Trash talk is only as powerful as the ability of the trash-talker to back it up, and in the case of His Airness, any and all trash talk was underwritten by skills that would prove to be unprecedented on the court.

Jordan didn’t need to talk trash or engage in any other type of gamesmanship, but he did, and it is legendary. There was the blind free throw against the Denver Nuggets, a shrugging of the shoulders at the Portland Trailblazers’ Clyde Drexler after draining a big three—the list goes on and on…and it’s spectacular.

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Steve Mitchell-USA TODAY Sports

You have to hand it to the Miami Marlins: When you’re fighting for last place in the division and spending the least amount of money, per Spotrac, on people who play baseball, you have to try something to gain the upper hand (if pitching and hitting aren’t an option). And when the Washington Nationals came to town in July, that something was blasting fart noises—and later smooth jazz—over the stadium PA system during the visiting team’s batting practice.

The stunt was likely revenge for the Nationals’ shift from the typical pop and rock music played during their own batting practices at home to soft rock for the visiting club. Unfortunately for the home team, it was definitely annoying, but the Marlins still lost 7-2 and ultimately lost two out of three in the series.

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Just before the first kickoff of a match, New Zealand’s national rugby union team, the All Blacks, engage in what is best described as choreographed terror. Following the lead of the team captain, the All Blacks perform the Haka, which is a traditional dance of New Zealand’s Maori people.

As you can see in the clip above, the Haka isn’t 15 beefy men simultaneously breaking out into “The Running Man.” Rather, it’s a ritualistic display designed to freak everyone out.

The All Blacks have held the top spot in the Rugby World Cup Power Rankings for a decade. Obviously, great players and not the Haka are why New Zealand’s team has been so dominant. But imagine how intimidating it is to stand across (sometimes holding hands) from the players who comprise the rugby juggernaut as they slap the ground, scream and bug-out their eyes—moments before you’re expected to stop them from scoring.

As Dwight K. Schrute once remarked, “In the end, the greatest snowball isn’t a snowball at all. It’s fear.”

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Scott Halleran/Getty Images

Previously invisible Philadelphia Eagles wide receiver Freddie “Fred Ex” Mitchell followed up a solid 2005 NFC Championship victory against the Atlanta Falcons, which punched the Eagles’ ticket to Super Bowl XXXIX against the New England Patriots, by saying this about his hands in the postgame presser: “I just want to thank my hands for being so great.”

Well, Fred Ex was a non-factor in the biggest game of his career, as the Eagles fell to the Patriots 24-21. It was obvious his comments—including a few shots at the Patriots secondary in a TV interview—fired up Patriots coach Bill Belichick and motivated the rest of the team, because following the win, Belichick let loose while speaking to Sports Illustrated (via WEEI. com): “All he does is talk. He’s terrible, and you can print that. I was happy when he was in the game.”

Call it post-victory gamesmanship, because Mitchell’s career never recovered, though it never really was much of anything to begin with.

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Former New England Patriots wide receiver Wes Welker must have been feeling good about his team’s chances in their 2011 AFC divisional playoff clash with the New York Jets, because there is no other explanation for why he would make such inflammatory remarks before a huge game.

Welker’s comments alluded to rumors about Jets head coach Rex Ryan and his wife strayed extraordinarily off the milquetoast company message, which Belichick’s players seem to so monolithically adhere to.

Not only was he admonished and forced to issue an apology, but it was followed by the exact result head coach Bill Belichick feared—the Jets beat the Patriots and moved on to the AFC Championship. That’s not gamesmanship; it’s nearly sabotage.

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With the exception of the 2007 college football season when the Kansas Jayhawks went 12-1 under former head coach Mark Mangino and won the Orange Bowl, the Jayhawks have been terrible with intermittent moments of being average. The team hired Charlie Weis in 2011 to turn things around and…it didn’t exactly work out.

After winning four games in two seasons, the Jayhawks finally found a silver bullet for the school’s woes on the football field: brand-new uniforms for the 2014 season. Dubbed “Crimson Chrome,” the new unis didn’t just fail to energize the team (Weis was fired after just four games)—they also were hard to look at.

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Streeter Lecka/Getty Images

Former Tennessee Volunteers head coach (and serial sports villain) Lane Kiffin’s surprise debut of black jerseys for the team’s annual Halloween scrum with the visiting SEC East rival South Carolina Gamecocks may have been the highlight of his single-season cameo. The Gamecocks (6-2) entered the game ranked No. 21 by the AP and were favored against the unranked and struggling Volunteers (3-4).

But when the home team ran onto the field like so many orange and black cannonballs—the first time they had worn black since 1922—the crowd went nuts and instantly made the Volunteers seem meaner, faster and hungrier. The Gamecocks turned the ball over four times and were pasted 31-13 on national television.

On that night, something about those black and orange jerseys seemed to change the fortunes of the Volunteers and suck the life out of the Gamecocks.

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Jason Miller/Getty Images

Johnny Manziel, like so many gifted athletes before him, seemed capable of supernatural quarterback play at the collegiate level. The confidence and edgy swagger he exuded—along with a few brush-ins with the NCAA—seemed to make his ability to almost single-handedly push his Texas A&M Aggies to improbable victories that much more special.

But like so many gifted athletes before him, the NFL has been a different story…at least after one season with the Cleveland Browns.

Before his first regular-season start against the Cincinnati Bengals late in the 2014 season, Johnny Football was mostly the same brash signal-caller, flashing his “money sign” (as well as a middle finger) in preseason games and showing no outward show of doubt in his ability to get the job done on Sunday. But after a dreadful performance in a 33-0 blowout at the hands of the Bengals, followed by a stint in rehab, it’s obvious the old magic isn’t working.

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Ever since the Indianapolis Colts drafted quarterback Andrew Luck No. 1 overall in 2012, he has been every bit as good as his collegiate career portended. The NFL has rarely seemed too big and fast for the young star, and in his first three seasons under center, Luck has thrown for more yards than any other quarterback over the same span, according to Ashley Fox of ESPN. com. And he hasn’t just racked up impressive stats—he’s led the Colts to the postseason each of his three years in the NFL.

Beyond the size, arm and all the intangibles, Luck has also managed to freak out defenders trying to knock him out of the game by thanking them after getting planted in the turf. According to the Wall Street Journal’s Kevin Clark (h/t Matthew Glenesk of the Indianapolis Star), pass-rushers such as Washington’s Ryan Kerrigan and the Eagles’ Connor Barwin have said it’s unsettling to hear and unprecedented.

Strike it up as another component of Luck’s game.

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Jason Silva-USA TODAY Sports

With a showdown against the seemingly unbeatable Ronda Rousey looming ahead in July, UFC Fighter Bethe Correia didn’t seem too concerned; in fact, she felt good enough about her chances to go there in comments about her opponent. In an interview with Portuguese-language website Combate (h/t MMA Junkie), the Brazilian challenger said that once Rousey realizes that winning is “not everything…I hope she doesn’t commit suicide [laughs].”

Maybe Correia didn’t intentionally bring up the specter of suicide when talking about a person whose father took his own life, but she did. Rousey was not too happy. And when you almost certainly won’t win before ticking off Ronda Rousey, you’re just shaving seconds off the amount of time the fight is going to last after you make that mistake.

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Larry French/Getty Images

Retired NFL wide receiver Chad Johnson has a habit—or maybe novel strategy—of sending gifts to his antagonists. Included in the list of those to receive an unexpected gift from the eccentric Johnson? The Baltimore Ravens secondary, including linebackers Ray Lewis and Terrell Suggs.

Ahead of a pivotal AFC North clash in 2009, when the wideout was a member of the Cincinnati Bengals, Johnson sent the Raven defensive backs gift packages and deodorant with the not-too-subtle insinuation that they “don’t sweat. “

At worst, it’s a goofy stunt that is not truly mean-spirited; at best, it throws off the Ravens defense just enough to gain an edge. It must have worked, because the Bengals prevailed 17-7.

Sporting behaviour – sportsmanship – Ethical factors in sport – Edexcel – GCSE Physical Education Revision – Edexcel

Anyone taking part in sport must take personal responsibility and behave in a certain way which is fully compliant with the rules and the expected behaviours of the sport. This is known as sportsmanship.

Rules

Participants have to follow the rules of the sport. In organised sport, these are developed by each sport’s governing body and are upheld by officials during play. Rules make sure that play is safe and fair. Players are penalised if they do not respect the rules or the officials. During informal or adapted activities, participants often agree their own rules. Agreeing adaptations to the rules can make sport more inclusive, but still ensure fairness and safety.

Etiquette

Sport also has unwritten rules or customs – etiquette – to uphold respect and fairness. These help people to play in the ‘spirit of the game’. They often require players to take an active approach to respect and fairness, not just avoid breaking the rules. For example, etiquette includes:

acknowledging that a ball was out in tennis
shaking hands with opponents before and after an important football match, regardless of the outcome

1rs6r0lqbg.0.0.0.1:0.1.0.$0.$4.$0″>Sportsmanship

Sportsmanship means playing within the rules and understanding and using sports etiquette. It is playing fairly in the spirit of the game, showing respect and fair play to opponents and graciousness in both victory and defeat. Sportsmanship includes:

kicking the ball out when someone is injured in football and the other team giving possession back
helping a rival player up if they are down injured
a player calling the ball ‘in’ at a tennis match, even though the line judge called it ‘out’, thereby giving the point to their opponent

Gamesmanship

Brazilian footballer Rivaldo feigns injury during a 2002 World Cup match against Turkey, clutching his face after having had a ball kicked at his leg while waiting to take a corner – his Turkish opponent was sent off and Rivaldo was fined £5,180 after being found guilty of “simulation”

Without breaking them, players may bend the rules and use questionable methods to gain an advantage. Examples include:

deliberately falling after being tackled in the penalty area to try to win a penalty in football
distracting an opponent, for example sledging in cricket where the bowler and fielders verbally abuse or intimidate a batsman to put him off
time-wasting to prevent the opposition from trying to score in hockey

0.0.0.1:0.1.0.$0.$5.$3″>Gamesmanship exists at all levels and in many sports. Due to media coverage, many examples are seen in elite sport. Some sport psychologists and philosophers believe this reflects players’ motivation. Competitors who are strongly ego-oriented or extrinsically motivated are more likely to have a ‘win at all costs’ attitude, leading to unsporting behaviour. There is less incentive to cheat if someone is task-oriented and intrinsically motivated.

Question: A player kicks a ball out of play to stop the game when an opponent is injured. Is this sportsmanship or gamesmanship?
Reveal answer: Sportsmanship – this shows respect for the opposing team and upholds safety and fairness.

The Fine Line Between Gamesmanship and Cheating – Kudos Sports

The line between gamesmanship and cheating, in any sport, is usually pretty blurred and there are always people willing to push their luck. After Jos Buttler’s ‘mankad’ incident last year, debate raged about what is – and isn’t – acceptable in cricket.

And the ‘mankad’ argument has exploded yet again after another incident, this time at the ongoing U19 Cricket World Cup. In a quarter-final game between Afghanistan and Pakistan, spinner Noor Ahmed shamelessly dislodged the bails at the non-striker’s end, where Pakistan batsman Muhammad Huraira had wandered outside of his crease. And it seems no-one can agree on whether it is acceptable or not.

Gamesmanship or Cheating?

The definition of gamesmanship is ‘the art or practice of winning games by questionable expedients without actually violating the rules’. In football, for example, there is no moral disgust reserved for claiming for a throw-in or a corner that you know very well isn’t yours – it happens all the time and all of us who have played football have done it. Yet it is a blatant attempt at deception and, technically, against the laws of the game – though it is never, ever punished and would be considered by most, at worst, as a bit of harmless gamesmanship, and certainly not cheating. Another form of deception in football is diving – something, in Britain at least, widely considered blatant cheating and highly immoral. Each of these modes of deception, under the laws of the game, fall under ‘unsporting behaviour’ – an ‘attempt to deceive the referee’. But is one necessarily morally worse than the other?

Jos Buttler succumbing to the mankad in an IPL game last year was a fascinating case study of gamesmanship / cheating. Buttler, by inching out of his ground, is clearly seeking to gain an illicit advantage – in other words…cheating, right? Yet Buttler was the victim in all of this and Ashwin, who carried out the mankad, was portrayed as the bad guy – despite, technically, abiding by the law. Cricket is unique insofar as it is intended to be played not only within its laws but also within the nebulous ‘spirit of the game’, and the debate about the mankad swirls around mostly with that notion in mind.

The MCC, cricket’s lawmakers, had originally cleared Ashwin and given the incident the green light – only to u-turn 24 hours later and deem the incident ‘against the spirit of the game’.

Fraser Stewart, the MCC’s laws manager, said at the time:

Having extensively reviewed the incident again and after further reflection we don’t think it was within the spirit of the game. We believe the pause was too long between the time Ashwin reached the crease and the moment it was reasonable to expect the ball would be delivered. When Buttler could have reasonably expected the ball to be delivered, he was in his ground.
It is also unfair, and against the Spirit of Cricket, for non-strikers to leave their ground too early. All these debates wouldn’t be necessary if non-strikers remained in their ground until the ball is on its way down the pitch. fraser stewart, mcc

There’s also the issue around role models. Millions of young people will have seen Ashwin’s mankad – within the laws, but against that frustratingly imprecise ‘spirit of cricket’ – and you can bet your bottom dollar some kid went out that weekend and ‘mankaded’ someone. Is it wrong? Or is it to be expected? Even cricketing legends can’t agree – after the latest incident at the u19 World Cup, pace legends Dale Steyn and Mitchell Johnson expressed entirely differing views.

In 2013, then-Australia coach Darren Lehmann called Stuart Broad ‘a blatant cheat’ for refusing to walk after he’d edged one behind. Clearly, not walking is against the spirit of cricket, but if the umpire doesn’t give you out, especially when the stakes are so high, should you really walk? Not everyone in cricket agrees.

CHEATING AT GRASSROOTS LEVEL

It’s likely the majority of us who’ve played sport, from grassroots level upwards, cannot claim to be angels. We all play because we love it, but we all want to win and every single one of us will, at one point or more, surely have pushed the limits of gamesmanship into the realms of possible cheating.

In grassroots sport, it’s even easier to get away with cheating. There’s no video technology, no replays, and officials that aren’t as highly-trained as those in elite sport. You can have grassroots cricketers tampering with the ball safe in the knowledge they won’t be caught on camera. Golfers can magically find their lost balls in the rough, footballers can dive knowing the referee has only one look at it, and a batsman can refuse to walk knowing very well he’s edged one behind.

VIVEZA CRIOLLA

While deception and, yes, cheating largely controvert the particularly British principle of fair play, not all cultures share the same view. Loosely translated as ‘native cunning’, viveza criolla is the art of mischievous deception particular to Uruguay and Argentina. In the words of anthropologist Eduardo P. Archetti, it encourages a “capacity to cheat where necessary”.

One of its central principles is to “gain a psychological edge wherever and whenever possible” – and, rather wonderfully, it is all the more welcome if it is against your biggest rivals. Daniel Rosa, a journalist with Uruguayan publication El Pais, said:

There’s an expression in Uruguay about how you want to win. If it’s in the last minute and with a moment that enrages your opponent, all the better. That is viveza: knowing how to gain any advantage. daniel rosa

They don’t play cricket in Uruguay or Argentina, but if they did it seems pretty clear the mankad would be admired rather than reviled as immoral. That sort of open-mindedness feels a pretty tough sell to us British, but it’s intriguing nonetheless – simply a different set of cultural inclinations.

Cheating – The Dirtiest word in sport

Ultimately, cheating is still sport’s dirtiest word. Unlike viveza criolla, there are no grey areas with, say, Lance Armstrong’s monumental brand of cheating. He’s a proven cheat, we all know it and we all condemn it. A new book – Commander-in-Cheat – claims to shine a light on Donald Trump’s fishy behaviour on the golf course, and what that says about his character. Does cheating in sport really tell us about our character, or have we all got a bit of it in us? When the previously angelic Thierry Henry blatantly cheated in 2009 to take France to the World Cup finals and knock the Irish out, was he simply doing anything it took to win – a bit of viveza criolla – or was he a despicable cheat?

We’d love to hear your views on what is and isn’t acceptable, and your experiences with alleged cheating at grassroots level. Have you suffered because of it? Or even benefited from it? Let us know!

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Translation and Meaning of gamesmanship In Arabic, English Arabic Dictionary of terms Page 1

He was an extremely competitive player and, although he was one of the most famous men in England, he was also one of the most controversial on account of his gamesmanship and moneymaking.

وكان جريس لاعبًا ذا روح تنافسية عالية، وعلى الرغم من أنه كان أكثر الرجال شهرة في إنجلترا، إلا أنه كان أكثر اللاعبين إثارة في فن الفوز بالمباريات والذكاء المالي.

_General

The tone of the American response has been firm, giving appropriate reassurance to its allies and making clear that gamesmanship will not be tolerated, but not raising the temperature further.

فقد كانت اللهجة الأميركية في الرد ثابتة، فأعطت حلفاءها التطمينات المناسبة وأوضحت أن الولايات المتحدة لن تتسامح مع الألاعيب، ولكنها لم ترفع درجة حرارة التوتر إلى ما هو أبعد من هذا.

_Media

The fact that the Greek debt overhang was acknowledged only after negotiations had collapsed exposes the deep systemic failures that have brought Greece and Europe to this point. We see a European system of crisis management that is fraught with ineptitude, extreme politicization, gamesmanship, and unprofessionalism.

وحقيقة أن الاعتراف بأعباء الديون اليونانية الهائلة لم يأت إلا بعد انهيار المفاوضات تكشف عن الإخفاقات الجهازية العميقة التي دفعت اليونان وأوروبا إلى هذه النقطة. والآن نرى نظاماً أوروبياً لإدارة الأزمات تحيط به الحماقة، والتسييس الشديد، والاحتيال، وانعدام المهنية. وأنا لا أقصد بكل تأكيد إيجاد الأعذار للمحسوبية والفساد وسوء الإدارة في اليونان باعتبارها الأسباب المطلقة للمأزق الذي تعيشه البلاد. ومع هذا فإن فشل المؤسسات الأوروبي كان أكثر إثارة للانزعاج والقلق. وما لم يتمكن الاتحاد الأوروبي من إنقاذ اليونان الآن، فإنه لن يكون قادراً على إنقاذ نفسه.

_Media

This kind of gamesmanship is why I love her.

هذا النوع من إحترافية الفوز هو سبب حبي لها

_Subtitles

Many other initiatives have foundered on the intransigence of warlords and their inability to rise above their gamesmanship and zero-sum orientation

سقطت مبادرات أخرى كثيرة بسبب تعنت أمراء الحرب وقدرتهم على المراوغة وتوجههم الذي مفاده أن تحقيق طرف لمكسب خسارة للطرف الأخر

_UN

Many other initiatives have foundered on the intransigence of warlords and their inability to rise above their gamesmanship and zero-sum orientation

_UN

90,000 Sportsmanship – qaz.wiki

Shaking hands after a match is considered a symbol of the spirit of sports.

These two teams of young footballers line up and give high fives after the match to practice their sportsmanship.

Sportsmanship is an aspiration or ideal, according to which a sport or activity should be practiced for its own sake. This is with due regard for fairness, ethics, respect and a sense of camaraderie with its competitors.A “fierce loser” refers to someone who does not tolerate defeat well, while “good sport” means a “good winner” as well as a “good loser” (one who is polite to another in a sports game).

Analysis

Sportsmanship can be conceptualized as a stable and relatively stable characteristic or propensity in which people differ in how they are expected to behave in sports situations. Athletic prowess mainly refers to virtues such as fairness, self-control, courage and perseverance, and has been associated with interpersonal concepts of treating others and treating others fairly, maintaining self-control when communicating with others, and respecting both authority and opponents. Sportsmanship is also seen as a way of responding to a sport / game / player.

The four elements of sportsmanship are often manifested: good form, will to win, fairness and fairness. All four elements are critical, and a balance must be struck between all four to illustrate true sportsmanship. These elements can also cause conflict, as a person may want to win more than play in a fair and fair manner, which leads to conflict in aspects of sportsmanship.This will cause problems, as the person thinks he is a good athlete, but he does not justify this idea, since he ignores two key components of athletic behavior. When athletes become too selfish, the idea of sportsmanship is discarded.

Today’s sports culture, in particular the foundation of elite sports, places great emphasis on the idea of competition and victory, so sportsmanship fades into the background. In most, if not all sports, elite athletes set the standard for sportsmanship, and whether they like it or not, they are considered leaders and role models in society.

Because there are rules in every sport, the most common violation of sportsmanship is cheating or breaking the rules in order to gain an unfair advantage. This is called unsporting behavior. An athlete showing poor athletic prowess after losing a game or competition is often referred to as a “fierce loser,” while an athlete showing poor athletic prowess after winning is commonly referred to as a “bad winner”.The loser’s violent behavior includes blaming others for the failure, not accepting responsibility for personal actions that contributed to the defeat, reacting to loss in an immature or inappropriate way, justifying defeat, and citing adverse conditions or other minor issues as reasons for failure. The bad winner acts superficially after his victory, for example, gloating about his victory, rubbing victory in the face (s) of the opponent (s) and understating the composure of the opponent (s).-Respect by constantly reminding opponent (s) of the “bad” play in comparison (even if the opponent (s) competed well). Not showing respect to the other team is considered a bad athlete and can lead to demoralizing effects; As Leslie Howe describes, “If a baseball pitcher chooses to serve not at maximum power, it indicates that the batter is not at an adequate level, [this] may result in the batter having low confidence or value.”

Sportsmanship is divided into six different categories: elements of sports, elements of sportsmanship, refinements, conflicts, balance and irreducibility.All six of them characterize a person with good sportsmanship. Although there are some similarities between some of the categories, they are separate elements. “In essence, play has a directed and immediate end of joy, pleasure and enjoyment, and is dominated by a spirit of moderation and generosity. On the other hand, athletics is essentially a competitive activity that aims to win a competition characterized by dedication, sacrifice and tension. “(Feelezz, 1896, p. 3) Therefore, the player’s merits are radically different from those of the athlete. (Feelezz, 1896, p. 3). Regarding misunderstandings of athletic behavior, Rudd and Stoll (2013) cite an example from 1995, when the US high school athletic league banned the post-match handshake, which was part of sports such as football and basketball. The handshake was prohibited due to the fights that followed the handshake. (Page 41) Most players are influenced by the leaders around them, such as coaches and older players, If there are coaches and administrators who do not understand sports behavior, what about the players?

Examples

There are different ways to develop sportsmanship in different sports.Being a good sport often means treating others the way you would like to be treated, welcoming good games (even if done by opponents), accepting responsibility for your mistakes, and keeping your point of view. An example of treating others the way you would like to be treated might include treating other team members and opposition members with respect and courtesy because in return you would also like to be treated the same way. Cheering for good play can include if, in netball, an opposing player dribbles well, which then results in a goal being scored, everyone will clap their hands or make supportive comments to confirm that what the player did was very well done.Taking responsibility for your mistakes means not shifting the blame onto others.

Some popular examples of good athletic behavior include shaking hands, helping an opponent who may have fallen, cheering everyone on, applause, a round of applause or hi-five, and treating everyone with respect, including teammates, opposition, parents, and officials. Most importantly, with regard to athletic behavior, it is often encouraged and said, “It’s not whether you win or lose, but how you play the game.”

Sports prowess can manifest itself in different ways depending on the game itself or the culture of the group. For example, in the sport of cricket, a player will sometimes admit that he has walked out of the way from the field, even if the referees (game) officials believed he was not.

Contributing factors

Sportsmanship can be influenced by several factors, such as the values and attitudes of the players towards the sport, and the professional role models that are shown to the public.Sport role models are expected to act morally and with respect. When elite athletic role models discourage athletic prowess, it can also encourage people in society to act in the same way as the athletes they worship and adore. For example, if a person looks at an athlete who has been drinking a lot, they may find this behavior acceptable. The direct relationship between athletic prowess and leadership is also thought to be another factor. Thus, a positive atmosphere in your sports team contributes to the formation of good sportsmanship in people.Positive leadership from captains, coaches and fans will help create a supportive sports environment.

Recommendations

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New progression system introduced in the game

The developers have announced a new system in PUBG called Survival Mastery. It will complement the Weapon Mastery system. Due to this innovation, which will be installed on test servers on September 18, players will be able to receive rewards for achievements in PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds.

Last year we created the PUBG Mastery team, which is developing a unified development system for PUBG. Many players and fans of the game have repeatedly asked for new ways to track gameplay and increase in skill. In April, we released the first feature as part of a new system: Weapon Mastery. We’re delighted that players have welcomed this innovation warmly, and we are in a hurry to present you with the next element of the system: survival skill, which will be added to the test servers tomorrow!

What is Survival Mastery?
Survival Mastery is a new development opportunity in the game that complements weapon mastery.While weapon proficiency is tied to your combat skills, survival proficiency reflects the skill of the game as a whole. In other words, the purpose of this system is to help players evaluate their abilities and reward them for their success after each match. The players themselves will decide exactly how they want to survive.

In the first version of the Survival Mastery, players can reach level 500.

The first thing that catches your eye in the new system is the survivor level.The amount of experience gained after the match depends on your ability to survive in the blue zone, perform basic actions and simply avoid death. The better you survive, the faster your level will rise.

As with weapon mastery, progress can be tracked in the Mastery menu on a separate tab.

There you can not only find out your current level, but also define your style of play using the trait system. Do you prefer picking everything up, or do you carefully choose the items that go into your backpack? The traits let you know how you approach the 6 main aspects of PUBG.Take a look at the 3 most important traits. Below is a more detailed description of all traits and playstyles within the Survival Mastery system:

Meet PUBG ID

Along with the Survival Mastery System, we are pleased to introduce you to a new way to express yourself and showcase your achievements – PUBG ID. All rewards received for Survival Mastery can be submitted in your PUBG ID. Shown here are some of the rewards that can be placed in PUBG ID:

After the release of the update, you will be able to view the PUBG IDs of your allies and killed enemies in the match statistics.In the future, we plan to add additional features to showcase achievements and customize PUBG ID. Tell us what you would like to see in your PUBG ID. We’d love to hear from you.

Changes to the match statistics window
A couple of new tabs will appear in the match statistics window to help track your progress over multiple matches. The first of them will provide a summary, that is, a summary of your progress and performance. Those who like to play in duo or in a squad will also be able to view data on the survival of allies.

Another new addition to the match statistics window is the survival timeline. It will show all the important survival actions taken in the last match. These include gunfights, collecting items, and healing.

Many actions on the timeline will be organized into groups called “collisions”. Clash in PUBG is a period of time in which you continuously fight one or more opponents. We track not only the start and end times of battles, but also the amount of damage done and received during each of them.After the end of the match, you can view the list of your victims in each battle, as well as find out who sent you to the forefathers.

There is much more information on the timeline. Please read it carefully and share with us your thoughts on how to improve this new product.

What’s next?
With the launch of Survival Mastery and the evolution of the Weapon Mastery system, the highlights of the Evolution System are already in the game. At the moment, we are actively working on the creation of the next component of the system and will soon be ready to share our plans with you.As always, we really appreciate the trust that has developed between our team and the community of PUBG players and fans, and we look forward to your feedback on all the innovations.

The mission of the skill team is to give players everything they need to create their own unique image and leave an imprint on the history of the battle royale. We have just begun to put our plans into practice. We will tell you about the next new product very soon! The Survival Mastery will be available on test servers tomorrow, and on the main servers next week.

90,000 Book “Play to Win” – Part 1

We are beginning to publish a translation of David Searlin’s “Playing to Win” with permission from the author.

Play to Win

We are beginning to publish a translation of David Searlin’s “Playing to Win” with permission from the author. David is well known in the desktop world as the author of one of the Dominion add-ons and a contributor to several projects. He is much better known as an e-sportsman: several times he became a champion in different disciplines, for example, he played in the US national team in Street Fighter.He has been the protagonist of a documentary on the community of arcade players, has hosted several major video game tournaments, and has worked extensively in game development, design, and fine balancing. Play to Win is a story about how to train to win. It will be useful for both players and businessmen, and just those who like to win in life.

We warn you right away: the book is somewhat cynical. If we were to choose a motto for her, it would be the phrase: “To beat a lying body is dishonest, but EFFECTIVE and SAFE”.

Part I: Beginner

Introduction

I want to teach you how to win.

Winning is the most important thing in the game. Not everyone admits it. The thing is, if you already want to argue with me, then you don’t have to read any further. If I myself had ever fallen into the hands of this book, I would have spat on it too. Usually such things are learned through personal experience. And yet I hope that at least some of the readers will take my word for it.

With the unique ability to learn from other people’s experience, people do it with a certain reluctance.
– Douglas Adams,
Last chance to see.

Why Win Games?

Competition games, or so-called zero-sum games, are great because they objectively measure your success. To win them, you need to constantly improve. Fortunately, there is a clear guideline in this. You move forward, outplaying experienced opponents. And stand still if not.

How would you measure success in another area, such as your career or personal life? Are you moving in this “game” or not? To be sure, you need to know the rules and conditions of the game.For example, what factors influence your professional performance? The answer is not easy.

If you try to measure success in general, people will disagree on the criteria. It would seem that it doesn’t matter what others think of you. But by listening to other people’s opinions, you are more fair in assessing your own success. If you do not take into account a different point of view at all, there is a risk of sliding into extremes: highlighting only achievements or only failures. This is useful as a test for optimism and pessimism.

Games are different. Basically, a game is a set of rules. If not all players agree on the rules, it cannot be said that they are playing the same game. The rules indicate the boundaries of game reality. They say what actions are allowed, what are prohibited. The rules also determine what counts as a win, loss or draw. You can’t get away from losing by rewriting the rules. The game doesn’t need to be rewritten. Losing is losing.

When you play, it is not enough to concentrate only on defeating your opponent.If you don’t improve your playing technique, you will be bypassed. The main conflict is being built between you and other players. And the best way to win is by hunger to win. The skill of playing for the sake of victory is always with you, but it is revealed only in a clash, in opposition, in a word, in a game.

You never really get to know a person … until you start fighting him.
– Seraph,
The Matrix Reboot.

Do you want to win?

Before reading any further, ask yourself if you really want to win.Most people will say yes. But desire alone is not enough. It takes determination, effort, discipline and time to win. Everyone is not destined to win. It doesn’t have to be that way. There are many wonderful things in life besides winning competitions.

If you have interests in other areas, I advise you not to read this book. Throw it, it will only upset you. Think carefully: maybe you just accidentally said that you want to win.

Or do you want it to be stupid and are ready to sacrifice something? Being a great cook, loving mother, doctor, politician, musician – all these noble pursuits will eventually discourage you from such a trivial thing as winning games.

There are people who play for some kind of “entertainment”. There will not be a word about this in the book. I believe that you have a lot more fun playing for the sake of winning than playing without a goal. But let’s not quarrel. Entertainment is a subjective thing that defies definition. That cannot be said about the victory. No one will argue with this: victory is a clear and unconditional thing.

Playing for the sake of victory, you see the goal and the distance to it very clearly. Who can judge whether this or that chef is really the best in his field? And everything is clear about the player: either he will be able to outrun the competitors, or not.

The laws of victory apply to all head-to-head games (zero-sum games). In any game, your task is to create an environment for development. Therefore, you need to train against opponents of all stripes.

You need to get rid of the habits that prevent you from winning – you have created them yourself. You need to become intellectually resilient, learn to read the minds of other players, interact with a circle of opponents. Whether you play Chess, Tennis, Quake, Mario Kart, Street Fighter, or Poker, you must learn the same lessons.

Play as Conversation

Let’s see what it’s like to play a competitive game. In my opinion, it’s like an argument. You state your position, the enemy his.

“I think this would be the best move,” you say.
– No, if you take this into account – he sharply objects.

In real life, the dispute is very subjective, but in the game we know exactly who is right. The conflict unfolds between the players, and the game itself is just a battlefield.This is the language in which the discussion takes place.

A good game allows players to express complex thoughts. The skillful debater uses language subtleties and traps as weapons. Having mastered the art of polemics, he applies it, speaking in any language.

Typically, language learners focus on nuance rather than dialogue. The art of arguing is to study your opponent, predict what he is about to say, and immediately respond to his attack. Argument rhetoric is a combination of cheating, audacity, caution and risk.Once you learn how to argue (play to win), learning different languages (game rules) is easy.

I was cheating a little when I said that this book is not about playing as entertainment: learn not to take any opponent’s move on faith. I was bluffing. I think the pleasure lies in the described semblance of a verbal fight, when you attack your opponent with your arguments, he parries coolly, but you have something to answer.

If you easily hit the enemy with any of a dozen ways to choose from, the fight will not work, since he will not withstand the blow.If your opponent can win the argument after the introductory arguments, nothing will work either. Only when you engage in dialogue on an equal footing and everyone has something to “say” does something interesting happen. This I would call “pleasure” from the game.

Interesting?

We have almost finished the translation, and we will post 2-3 chapters a week. The plan is something like this: first, David will explain who a lamer is and how to live with it; then he will tell the secrets of the preparation of tournaments and what the organizers are doing so that good players do not lose at the beginning; further – about different types of misleading the opponent; types of players and so on. If you want to receive weekly news with links to these chapters – just below, under the comments, there is such a special piece where you can leave mail. Leave – and we will send you all-all-all chapters with time.

The next chapter is about choosing a game:

How to Know You Can Be the Best at Her
How to choose a game where the smartest wins, not the richest
How to Select Opponents by Level and Why It Matters
How to reach the masters
About the style of play when you take advantage of other people’s mistakes; and what to do when the enemy is so strong that he is not mistaken.

Below, under the comments, there is a form where you can write your mail if you want us to send you information about interesting publications about game development and business.

90,000 Games are art? – Games on DTF

And if not, why not?

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But such images are also part of the game.

Good Sunday evening everyone, comrades. No, today’s blog will not be about MMOs. Those who are familiar with my “work”, if you can call it that, know that all my previous publications were about MMOs and, most likely, this is how you remember me.

But today we will talk a little about something else.About something that is not tied to any game, series or genre. Today we will focus on the final product of the gaming industry – a computer game. To be more precise, about the attitude towards computer games.

I think most of those who visit this portal have grown up playing games in one way or another. For example, I am 22 years old and this type of entertainment appeared in my life at about 5 years old – then I first met such consoles as “Dandy” (aka NES) and PS1.I remember playing “tanks”, Mario, Spyro, Crash Bandicoot, Tekken … How long ago and how wonderful it was! I am sure that many of you, remembering these games and those times, also have warm feelings.

Time passed and along with it the games and platforms for which they were created developed. By the way, a fun fact from my biography: PS1 was the only console in my life, I played Dandy with my friends.Coming back to the topic – I never got rid of video games by the time I was 22. And for as long as I can remember, I was told the same thing (I think your parents were of the same opinion): “All your games are nonsense, a waste of time!” And before getting acquainted with serious titles such as “The Witcher”, “Bioshock” and others of the same level, I did not even really argue with this opinion. But indifference over time gave way to indignation.

It doesn’t matter if you’re playing a mindless shooter or exploring the huge open world of some RPG, you’re still wasting time!

Of course, nobody listened to me.After all, I was a very small person who did not understand anything, and for my parents this fact will probably never change, but only no matter how much we argue, I always stood my ground and still do not give up my words. Are games nonsense and a waste of time? Not! Games are the real art! Although here, definitely, one cannot but say something.

Not every game can be put on a par with works of art.I think you will agree that it is rather strange to talk about some kind of cultural value of those games that are considered esports disciplines. Although … why not? This may not apply to counter-strike, but if you take any league of legends or Dota … After all, the creation of these games also took thousands of hours of hard work of a huge number of people, including many insanely talented artists, designers, musicians, and even the scriptwriters – after all, the characters we play have their own story, they are all somehow related to each other, even if during the matches we do not particularly care about it.

Then it turns out that even these games can be called art, perhaps to a lesser extent. In general, for some reason, my parents always set books as an example for me, they say, here are books to read, this is a useful thing, you will be smart and well-read. But in essence, games are not very different from books. Both there and there are both real stories and fictional ones, and there and there you will read a lot in the course of events, and there, and there there is some kind of morality and meaning, but only in the game you can influence the course of events – in a book you always follow the author.And this, apart from all the graphics that we see on our monitors, all the music that we listen to in our headphones while playing, literally puts on the shoulder blades of anyone who considers computer games to be nonsense.

Even a character from a regular session sometimes costs a lot more than we think.

Of course, all this should be devoid of fanaticism, so as not to harm study / work / sleep and other things from the real world, but here, too, everything is not so simple.After all, our parents were like that too. Only instead of computers / consoles and video games, they had books. Something I very much doubt that after reading 500 pages of a piece that really hooked you, you can safely go to bed without having finished reading the last 100, even if you get up early tomorrow. Here we are all absolutely the same.

All art today is from one artist, who can be found under the nickname WLOP.Don’t thank.

What do you think about this?

90,000 Game Mastery – Forbes Kazakhstan

Photo: Andrey Lunin

Aruzhan Jazilbekova

At first glance, the profession of an actor seems very attractive: shooting in films, interesting travels, many fans and long-awaited fame.However, not everything is so cloudless – for example, Kazakhstani actors have to face not only such typical professional difficulties as choosing an interesting role, passing a casting, but also often directly negotiate with producers about working conditions, deal with all the paperwork associated with her, etc. Well-known Kazakh actors Sanzhar Madiev and Aruzhan Dzhazilbekova, who have not only successfully established themselves in the Kazakh film industry, but also showed their talents in foreign cinema, spoke about the peculiarities of acting in Kazakhstan.

According to the actors, the main problem is finding quality material with which they would like to work, the lack of good scripts and low wages. “Unlike their Western colleagues, our actors find it difficult to feed themselves and their families with such fees. Producers shoot low-budget films, realizing that there is no point in investing big money in the local market – they will not pay off. It turns out to be a vicious circle, ”Madiev complains. Therefore, many actors have to look for sources of additional income – performing at events, working as TV presenters, stuntmen, co-directors, etc.

Speaking about the Kazakhstani film industry, the actors focus on the unprofessional approach to work, especially in the preparatory period and production of the film, frequent budget cuts for the film, if they want to do everything on time and release a commercially successful film. “Until then, I would not call our cinema a“ film industry ”, because there are no signs of an industry: the film market is small, there is an insufficient number of cinemas in the country, and there is no real competitive environment. In addition, the process of preparing and releasing the film is spontaneous, which is why its quality suffers, – said Dzhazilbekova.- I often insist that the script be sent to me in advance, and not the day before the start of filming. Even such banal things have to be defended. ”

Madiev agrees with her opinion, noting that due to frequent budget cuts, producers and directors have to come up with a way out of this situation. “There are several options: the first is not to shoot a film at all, the second is to shoot, trying to make a“ candy ”out of it, working with the whole team for wear and tear, realizing that you will not earn anything from this, and the third option is to shoot as if you are a“ robot ” -alien “, and everything that happens on this Earth does not interest you, you have your own” mission “.This approach is more common, ”says Madiev.

Now popular genres in Kazakhstani cinema are comedies and action films, similar to Western and Hollywood films. “Our cinema is developing according to a pseudo-American type: considerable funds are invested in the production and distribution of the film, but still insufficient by Western standards, the result is a low-quality product that is not interesting either in Kazakhstan or abroad. Therefore, it is very difficult for our viewer to lure into domestic films, ”says Madiev.However, according to him, now many are adopting the experience of their Kyrgyz and Uzbek colleagues, filming low-budget comedies and melodramas.

In addition, difficulties arise with the perception of the domestic picture by the audience. By making a film with a well-thought-out storyline and investing the necessary funds in its promotion, producers may face a negative audience reaction to it. “We want to watch foreign films with all their sins and vices, but in our cinema everything should be“ sterile ”, which means it should not be interesting,” says Madiev.

According to Dzhazilbekova, the image of a woman in Kazakhstani cinematography is also quite the same: she is often docile, “domestic”, pure and immaculate – in a word, “lifeless” woman. “There are three common female roles: the image of a sweet girl, a caring mother, a wise grandmother. All images of positive heroines are textbook, without passion, vices and shortcomings. But we have many successful, independent, ambitious and purposeful women, ”said Dzhazilbekova.

The absence of professional agencies on the market representing the interests of actors is another feature of the Kazakhstani film industry.

Photo: Press Service Archive

Sanzhar Madiev

Agencies perform a number of functions: they search for promising proposals, negotiate with producers about the actor’s fee, draw up contracts, which allows the actor not to worry about legal and financial issues, but to fully concentrate on work. But in Kazakhstan, as the actors say, the market is not yet ready to work through agencies. The fact that the artists have their own agent is perceived as a sign of some kind of “stardom” or an extra link in negotiations, especially when it comes to royalties.It is easier for film companies to negotiate directly with them. “It is completely uncomfortable and very unpleasant to negotiate with the director regarding the working conditions, the fee. When a professional agent does this, it protects the actor from risks and worries, ”said Dzhazilbekova.

Sanzhar adds that in some film companies there are even special departments that determine the fee for one shooting day for an actor, which is not practiced in any country in the world and is considered wild.
Nevertheless, despite the existing difficulties, the actors admit that their profession allows them to plunge into the fascinating world of art, meet the most talented, interesting people, and live several lives at once. The actor can transform into different images and feel like a completely different person. “Acting is the science of life, about how a person behaves in different situations, how he relates to life’s challenges and perceives what is happening around him. It is important to be an observant, sociable, versatile person and a subtle psychologist, ”explains Aruzhan.

As the stars of Kazakhstani cinema say, self-confidence, curiosity, perseverance and self-improvement are important qualities that will help build a career.

“Usually we joke that being an actor is like going through the army: most of the time you are in the“ field ”conditions, you must be able to shoot, ride, sing, dance, be in good physical shape, understand completely different issues, be well-read and be able to reincarnate, ”says Madiev.

He is echoed by Dzhazilbekova, saying that it is very important for an actress to be a real fan of her work and have a large supply of patience. “You can sit without work for six months, and during this period you need to be especially disciplined, hone your skills and develop new skills,” says the actress.

In addition, you need to be able to make interesting acquaintances. You will never know who and when will be useful to you or will play an important role in your career. The ability to establish contacts with people, while remaining sincere and honest, will definitely help you and open access to interesting projects.

In order to successfully pass the casting and get the coveted role, in addition to charm, attractive appearance and the presence of different skills, you must follow the important rules shared by the heroes of the article.

First, never be late for auditions. Secondly, to prepare in advance for the role, to have information about the directors, the team, the motion picture. For example, if you are trying to play the role of a character in a historical film, you need to know the events of that era, the life of the hero, traditions and customs of that time.Third, try not to be nervous and be yourself.

If you still haven’t been approved for the role, don’t be upset. As Dzhazilbekova says, failing auditions does not mean that you are a less talented actor, perhaps you simply are not suitable for this particular role. But your patience and work will definitely pay off.

Questions about VALORANT – Ranked Game Ranking

Question

I don’t get a lot of RRI for winning the game, but much more is taken away for defeat.Why is that? This prevents me from raising the rank.

In a nutshell here, perhaps, you can not explain. For you to understand how our ranking system works, we will have to delve a little deeper into the theory, and you will have to learn the materiel!

WHY MMR AND RRI – DIFFERENT THINGS IN VALORANT

In VALORANT, your skill level is determined by your Mastery Rating (MMR). Imagine that MMR is a long staircase that you climb along with other players.For winning the match, you get a couple of steps higher, and those who stood there before you go lower. If you lose, you go down. Moreover, several players with the same MMR cannot be on the same stage. This is the main principle of the matchmaking system in most games. It performs very complex computational operations, and they just determine how quickly your rank changes.

The MMR system works differently in each game. Specifically in VALORANT , we decided not to include your displayed rank and RRI , so that their values do not jump back and forth after each victory or defeat.

Well, it seems clear what MMR is. Now let’s explain how the mastery rating affects the change in the ranked game rating.

It is important to understand here that your rank is not MMR . You cannot find out your MMR, and it is on its basis that VALORANT selects players for you with whom you will fight for victory on equal terms. When you first enter a ranked game search, or when your rank resets at the start of a new episode, your MMR is a good indication of how well you are playing.Alas, most often we make a shot at random, so you find yourself, so to speak, on the “threshold” of your rank.

CONVERGENCE

The main reason lies in the so-called “convergence” of rank and skill. We believe that it is better to first give you the minimum rank of all possible in your case, and you will prove with your game whether you are really capable of more. Depending on this, your Ranked Play Rating (RRI) changes. Being on the “threshold” of your rank, you see that after a victory, your RRI grows rapidly, and in case of defeat, you do not lose too much.This continues until you reach a rank that actually matches your skill. This is called “convergence”!

After a couple of successful games, your rank will converge with the MMR (unless, of course, you will not lose too much, because then your MMR will drop). And when both of these metrics are aligned, you will notice that wins and losses now affect RIRs in a different way. Now, in order to increase your rank, you need to try to lose as little as possible, otherwise you will quickly lose RRI.Typically, MMR ranked players win just as often as they lose, although even with this win / loss ratio, you can rank higher than your MMR after several wins in a row.

But this does not mean that you have become better and your MMR has increased to . For this reason, and because of defending against defeat, players sometimes get too high a rank that does not match their skill.

MAKING FAIR COMPETITIVE PLAYING

If you get a high rank that does not match your MMR, the system will try to restore this match. That is why you will lose more RRI for a defeat than you will receive for a victory . To prevent this from happening, you need to win more often than players with the same MMR as yours. Even the best players on the leaderboard face this problem. Even with very weak competition, increasing your MMR is very, very difficult. You won’t be able to get past the player who is on the leaderboard in front of you if you don’t play much better than him.

This seems to us to be the fairness of competitive play.You can’t raise your MMR while you’re just lucky. Therefore, the conditions are the same for everyone. To climb a couple of lines on the leaderboard, you must prove that you play better than those in front of you . For example, if out of 450 matches you have 200 won, and the other player has only 100 wins in 150 games, then this player most likely has an MMR higher than yours, and he will be ahead of you on the leaderboard.

The rating game is needed so that you can see the limits of your capabilities.Therefore, you get the rank that really matches your mastery . If you actually play better than someone with the same MMR and win more often than you lose, then you will move up a notch and your MMR will go up. And then you will receive more RRIs for winning and increase your rank faster!

IN BRIEF

If your MMR is higher than your rank, then you will receive more RRI for winning than you will lose for losing.
If your MMR matches your rank, then you will gain and lose approximately the same amount of RRI.
If your MMR is below your rank, then you will lose more RRI for a defeat than you receive for a victory.

To increase your MMR, you must play better than others and win more often than you lose!

AND FIRST …

Yeah, the whole article turned out. In general, the ranking system and MMR are quite complicated and confusing concepts, but without them you cannot determine how well you play. We’ve covered the gist, but there are plenty of reasons why VALORANT’s ranking system works this way.

Of course, we understand that it is unpleasant to lose more RRI than to gain, and we do our best to ensure that the system most accurately determines your level of skills and correctly calculates your MMR. Therefore, in future episodes, perhaps we will adjust it a little. In addition, your opinion is always important to us, so we will continue to talk in detail about all the changes in the descriptions of new patches, as well as share the news on social networks. Hopefully, you will no longer need to use “Questions about VALORANT” for this.

– John Walker, Ranked Game Designer Ian Fielding, Producer

Craftsmanship. Game [How it affects our imagination, brain and health]

Skill

There is a lot of evidence that the game leads us on the road to mastery in any area. With the help of cramming and drilling, you can only reach a certain limit. To become a master, a student needs to go beyond the frontiers of the known and learn what others in his industry have not yet shown.

Those who study the history of arts and sciences know many examples of discoveries that did not occur as a result of a sequence of planned experiments (or at least a sequence of planned ones).

Roger Guillemin, during a long search that resulted in the Nobel Prize, felt that the generally accepted and “proven” concept of the pituitary gland’s control over metabolism, stress, reproductive function and other physiological manifestations was not accurate enough. It seemed to him that it did not fully explain hormonal reactions and the regulatory process. By doing microdissections of the pituitary gland, he found that the vessels that drain blood from the brain to the pituitary gland are much larger than necessary for the arterial pituitary flow to this part of the brain.Um … interesting, he thought. And he soon realized that the extra volume is due to hormonal control over the pituitary gland, which is carried out by the brain (more precisely, the hypothalamus).

Most often, new discoveries and new knowledge come when a person is ready for unexpected discoveries, welcomes something new and anomalous, and then tries to incorporate these non-trivial results into a broader context of knowledge. As Isaac Asimov said, “The most exciting phrase in science that heralds new discoveries is not“ Eureka! ”, But“ Interesting … ”.”

The state that most contributes to this happy coincidence and opens us up to anomalies is the state of play. We will most likely say “Interesting …” if we are truly open to funny or unexpected things. Otherwise, we will only see a completely unoccupied failed experiment. In 1856, eighteen-year-old William Henry Perkin tried to synthesize quinine, a medicine for malaria, from a petroleum product, but he failed – he got a tarry black substance.It could have ended there, but Perkin was interested in painting and photography and found that if a little of this substance was diluted with alcohol, it would stain the fabric in a bright purple color. At that time, all dyes for fabrics were made from natural substances and therefore were expensive and fade quickly. Purple was the rarest and most expensive. Aniline Perkina became the first chemical dye of this color, which caused a fashion for purple clothes – the 1890s was even called the “purple decade”.

Finally, and perhaps most importantly, working without play is either boring or hard.Willpower alone can go a long way, and many people show amazing abilities for perfectionism, self-denial and suffering. But ultimately, you cannot rise to the highest level in any area if you do not enjoy work and do not find time to play. Fiercely committing oneself to exhausting work is not enough. Without pleasure, without playing, people usually cannot stay in a particular discipline long enough to achieve mastery.

It is often said that working hard can get you to the very top, but as athletic achievement specialist Chuck Hogan notes, this is not true.Only those who are led by love, pleasure and play reach the highest level. “The best athletes achieve their results, and with such grace, because they love what they do,” says Hogan. – This is not a job. This is a game”.

Golfer Tiger Woods makes thousands of shots on the ball because he loves it very much – and he loves it because he plays, not works. Woods told Ed Bradley from the 60 Minutes program that as a child, he deliberately threw balls into the thick of trees or uncut grass, but still tried to keep up with steam, because it’s more fun.

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Gamesmanship

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Rules

Etiquette

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New progression system introduced in the game

Play to Win

Part I: Beginner

Introduction

Why Win Games?

Do you want to win?

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