Why are girls not given the title Junior when named after their mothers. How do naming conventions differ for sons and daughters. What historical and cultural factors influence naming practices. How have naming traditions evolved over time. What are some notable exceptions to the Junior naming rule for daughters.
The Origins of Naming Traditions: From Ancient Rome to Modern Times
Naming practices have evolved significantly throughout history, reflecting cultural norms, familial structures, and societal expectations. In ancient Rome, for instance, naming conventions were highly structured and gender-specific.
For boys, a naming system that included numerical designations was common. The Roman emperor Augustus, for example, was initially known as Octavian, derived from the Latin word for “eighth.” This practice, however, wasn’t always literal in later generations, as family names often retained numerical elements without direct correlation to birth order.
Girls in classical Rome, on the other hand, faced a more limiting naming convention. All daughters within a family typically shared the feminine form of the family name, often without individual given names. To distinguish between sisters, descriptors like “Major” (elder) and “Minor” (younger) were used.
The Rise of Patronymics and Matronymics
As societies evolved, so did naming practices. Patronymics – names derived from the father – became widespread in many cultures. This practice continues today in various forms, such as the Russian patronymic system where a child’s middle name is based on their father’s first name.
Matronymics, names derived from the mother, are comparatively rare. Historically, matronymics were sometimes associated with illegitimacy, used when a father was unknown or had disowned the child. This stigma has largely faded in modern times, but the practice remains uncommon.
The Junior Dilemma: Why Sons, Not Daughters?
The use of “Junior” or “II” for sons named after their fathers is a well-established practice in many Western cultures. But why isn’t this convention equally applied to daughters named after their mothers?
Historical Gender Roles and Inheritance
Historically, male-dominated societies placed greater emphasis on male lineage for matters of inheritance, titles, and family legacy. This patriarchal focus naturally extended to naming practices, making it more common and important to distinguish between fathers and sons who shared the same name.
Professional and Social Considerations
In professional and social contexts, the “Junior” designation for men served a practical purpose. It helped differentiate between fathers and sons in business, legal matters, and social circles, especially when both were active in the same fields or communities.
Notable Exceptions: When Daughters Are Called Junior
While rare, there are instances where daughters have been given the “Junior” designation when named after their mothers. These cases often involve women of significant social, political, or cultural stature.
- Anna Eleanor Roosevelt Jr., daughter of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Anna Eleanor Roosevelt
- Winifred Sackville Stoner Jr., a child prodigy and author
- Dorothy Fuldheim Jr., daughter of the renowned broadcast journalist
- Carolina Herrera Jr., fragrance designer and daughter of fashion designer Carolina Herrera
These exceptions demonstrate that while not common, the practice of designating daughters as “Junior” is not entirely absent from naming conventions.
Cultural Variations in Naming Practices
Naming traditions vary significantly across cultures, reflecting diverse historical, social, and religious influences. Understanding these variations provides insight into why certain practices, like the use of “Junior” for daughters, may be more or less common in different parts of the world.
Spanish Naming Customs
In Spanish-speaking countries, children typically receive two surnames: one from the father’s side and one from the mother’s side. For example, Gabriel García Márquez carried both his father’s (García) and mother’s (Márquez) family names. This practice, while incorporating maternal lineage, doesn’t quite equate to the use of “Junior” for daughters.
Icelandic Naming System
Iceland maintains a unique naming system where children’s surnames are patronymic or matronymic, formed by adding -son (son) or -dóttir (daughter) to the parent’s first name. This system equally acknowledges both maternal and paternal lineage but doesn’t use designations like “Junior.”
The Evolution of Naming Practices in Modern Times
As society progresses towards greater gender equality, naming practices are also evolving. While traditional patterns persist, there’s a growing trend towards more flexible and inclusive naming conventions.
Gender-Neutral Naming
Some parents are opting for gender-neutral names, moving away from strictly gendered naming traditions. This shift reflects changing attitudes towards gender roles and identity.
Hyphenated Surnames
The use of hyphenated surnames, combining both parents’ family names, has become more common. This practice allows for equal representation of both maternal and paternal lineages.
Legal and Social Implications of Naming Conventions
Naming practices aren’t just a matter of tradition; they can have legal and social implications as well. Understanding these implications is crucial for navigating modern society.
Legal Recognition of Names
Different countries have varying laws regarding naming practices. Some nations have strict rules about what names are permissible, while others offer more flexibility. The legal recognition of suffixes like “Junior” or “II” can vary by jurisdiction.
Social Identity and Names
Names play a significant role in shaping social identity. The presence or absence of designations like “Junior” can influence how individuals are perceived in their communities and professional environments.
The Future of Naming Traditions: Trends and Predictions
As society continues to evolve, so too will naming practices. Predicting future trends in naming conventions requires considering current social movements and technological advancements.
Increasing Diversity in Naming Practices
With globalization and increasing cultural exchange, we may see a rise in diverse naming practices, blending traditions from various cultures.
Technology’s Impact on Naming
As digital identities become more prevalent, unique identifiers in names may become more important. This could lead to new forms of suffixes or prefixes, not necessarily tied to gender or family position.
The Psychological Impact of Names and Naming Conventions
Names and naming conventions can have profound psychological effects on individuals and society at large. Understanding these impacts provides insight into why certain practices persist or change over time.
Identity Formation and Names
A person’s name is often central to their identity. For children named after parents, designations like “Junior” can create a sense of legacy and connection, but may also lead to pressure to live up to familial expectations.
Gender Stereotypes and Naming
The disparity in the use of “Junior” for sons versus daughters reflects and potentially reinforces gender stereotypes. As society becomes more aware of these issues, naming practices may shift to promote greater equality.
In conclusion, the practice of naming daughters “Junior” or “II” remains rare, reflecting historical gender roles and societal norms. However, as our understanding of gender and identity evolves, so too may our naming conventions. The future may bring more flexible, inclusive practices that celebrate individual identity while honoring family legacy, regardless of gender.
Why Aren’t Daughters Named for their Mothers Called Juniors?
Posted inStraight Dope
Matronymics and the English language
by
Cecil Adams
Credit: Slug Signorino
Why are girls and women not given the title “Junior,” “II,” etc., when named after their mothers, as boys are when named after their fathers? —Jorge Martinez
Surely you’ve heard of that well-known Englishwoman Elizabeth II.
You may think monarchical naming practices have nothing to do with your question. But they do. They illustrate what’s going on here: The progeny who need to be conspicuously numbered (or anyway ordered chronologically) are the ones who rule—and generally, though not always, they’ve been male.
I don’t mean to overemphasize the fell hand of the patriarchy. Naming a child is above all a practical matter. The first order of business is to identify what family or tribe you belong to—in ancient times, and to a considerable extent now, these were the people who’d have your back.
That done, you needed a name to distinguish you from your relatives. To avoid duplication, a common practice has been to pile on additional names or suffixes.
Some of these were less imaginative than others. When the early Romans needed to keep their kids straight, they evidently numbered them. The Roman emperor we know as Augustus was in his youth called Octavian, from the Latin for eighth. That’s not because Augustus himself was the eighth-born child; by the emperor’s day, Octavian was a family name and had lost any strictly numerical significance. But perhaps one of his ancestors had been.
For girls in classical Rome, though, sequential naming remained literally descriptive, since all girls in a family bore the same name, the feminine form of the family name, often without any distinguishing given names. Thus, sequential names: the daughters of the general Scipio Africanus, whose family name was Cornelius, were known as Cornelia Africana Major and Cornelia Africana Minor—Big Cornelia and Little Cornelia. (Their mom was Aemilia Tertia, Aemilia the third. Whether she was the third girl among her sibs we don’t know.)
But these were birth-order names. Matters get more interesting when we turn to generational names—naming a kid after a parent or other ancestor. Giving children patronymics—names derived from those of their fathers—is standard practice in some cultures. Vladimir Putin’s middle name is Vladimirovich, son of Vladimir, because (duh) that was his dad’s name too. Russian women have patronymics as well: e.g., Svetlana Iosifovna Alliluyeva, named after her father, Joseph Stalin.
Use of matronymics, on the other hand, is rare. In the 1800s it was sometimes taken as the mark of a bastard, whose father either wasn’t known or had disowned the child. And no, the practice common in Spanish-speaking countries where a child receives family names from the father’s and mother’s sides—e. g., Gabriel García Márquez, son of Gabriel Eligio García and Luisa Santiaga Márquez Iguarán—doesn’t really count as an exception: What’s combined there are, effectively, the family names of the kid’s father and maternal grandfather.
Clearer exceptions do exist. In Greek literature the hero Achilles is sometimes identified as “Achilles, son of Thetis,” a sea goddess. But there you go: Achilles’s father was a mere mortal king, Peleus. Once the old man hooked up with Thetis, he was outranked.
You see my point. In a male-dominated world, a son named after his father is commonplace. A daughter named after her mother is fairly unusual, and a daughter whose naming is proclaimed with the title “Junior” or “II” betokens a woman—perhaps two women—of unusual stature. Consider a few modern examples:
1. Anna Eleanor Roosevelt Jr. was the firstborn child and only daughter of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Anna Eleanor Roosevelt. In New York Supreme Court documents, not only was the younger Anna Eleanor referred to as “2nd,” her mother was referred to as “Sr. ”
2. Winifred Sackville Stoner Jr. was a child prodigy given a classical education as a toddler by her like-named mother. She reputedly spoke six languages, was typing at age six, and had translated Mother Goose into Esperanto by age eight. A prolific versifier, she’s best remembered for the couplet “In fourteen hundred ninety-two / Columbus sailed the ocean blue.” Mère et fille toured the U.S. in the 1920s scouting for other geniuses.
3. Broadcast journalist Dorothy Fuldheim applied the “Jr.” suffix to her similarly-named daughter, who grew up to be a professor at Case Western Reserve University.
4. Carolina Herrera Jr. designs fragrances for her mother, the fashion designer.
5. Nancy Sinatra, daughter of Frank Sinatra and Nancy Barbato Sinatra, is sometimes referred to as Nancy Sinatra Jr. The senior Nancy is chiefly known for having been the wife of one entertainer and the mother of another. However, on the evidence of other women who named their daughters after themselves, I’ll guess she’s not someone I’d care to cross. —Cecil Adams
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Jr. Girls Classic Academy League
Deadline to register is August 1st, 2023. Teams will be accepted and seeded by August 7th.
- League play starts 9/10. Most matches will be on Sunday’s but some Saturday’s may be utilized if teams request multiple blackout dates or for rainouts.
- $950 for the entire year. This does not include your referee fees.
- Up to 18 Games played across Fall and Spring
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2022-23 JGAL DIVISIONS
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---|---|---|
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BVB 13 G Puma South | Dallas Cosmos 13G White | BVB 13G Black |
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Sting 13G Asher | Sting 13G Pearson | Solar 13G Hopkins |
Villarreal NTX 2013G | Texans Central 13G Wilson | Texas Lightning 13G Dickerson |
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A 14-year-old girl was suspected of killing her younger sister: friends named a possible motive
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A preliminary investigation into the brutal murder of a 10-year-old girl in Saratov led to an unexpected result. Her 14-year-old sister, who is currently the main suspect, could brutally deal with the child. “MK” understood the details of this terrible crime.
14-year-old Milena (name changed – Auth.) has already confessed to her deed during interrogation. But she couldn’t explain why. There is information that the girl allegedly mentioned that she “did not like her sister.” Since the suspect is 14 years old, she was detained and is in the IVS (temporary detention facility).
The shocking crime became known on 13 October. In the evening, the girls’ mother returned from work and saw the mutilated body of the youngest daughter, with multiple stab wounds (reported at least 19wounds on the abdomen and back) and burns. On October 14, the Investigative Committee of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation for the Saratov Region reported: “A 14-year-old suspect has been detained in the murder of a young girl, committed with particular cruelty. This is her sister. ” Even the worldly-wise detectives are at a loss: how strong was the hatred for the younger sister (if the guilt of the older one, of course, is proven) in order to chop her up with a knife, and before that pour boiling water over and set fire to, causing unthinkable suffering?
It so happened that mother and grandmother, who came to them, left the house that day on business, together with the older girl. The younger sister was left alone. The eldest then returned and, according to the investigation, did this evil and left again. She was later detained.
– The family is considered prosperous. Both parents work. They lived in abundance. The suspect was not registered anywhere, she studied averagely, but at school they characterize her positively, – law enforcement agencies told MK. – It is obvious that some unhealthy internal situation was hiding behind the external well-being of this family. Or something happened to the girl’s psyche. Investigators are now investigating this, a psychiatric examination will be carried out.
There is a version from local residents that the sisters were stepfathers and the stepfather allegedly hated the older, stepfather. Her mother also seemed to dislike her because of this and only took care of the youngest.
– The banal jealousy of the elder towards the younger due to the fact that all the attention was paid to the latter! says a woman who knows the family. – And the youngest enjoyed parental love and could “add fuel to the fire.” Parents are to blame for dividing their children into a loved one and not.
“MK” talked to Olga, a resident of Saratov, whose daughter goes to school with her sisters (the eldest is in the 8th grade, the youngest went to the 4th). Olga said that the sisters have the same last name. She did not hear about the fact that they were half-breeds, although “even if they have the same last name, this may mean that the husband could have adopted, and the family simply did not advertise it.”
– What do you know about the family, about the older girl?
– We live in the same yard, we have the same playground. Children all know each other, run, play together. And the girls are both good, their grandmother grazed them. I am also very sorry for the elder now, such a misfortune … Probably, this is something psychiatric. Normal teenager, normal. There are, you know, such teenagers that you look at and think: yes, you will do trouble to your parents! And here everything was completely calm. That’s why the shock. And what they write in public about suicidal tendencies is only from the words of classmates. Maybe they were engaged in self-harm on the basis of quarrels in the family (self-harm – deliberate damage to one’s body without suicidal intentions, occurs as a symptom of many mental disorders, – Ed.). Yesterday, teachers and parents held conversations in the eighth grade, where the eldest girl studied, and it turned out that children consider self-harm to be such a “fun”, that is, they do not see psychiatry in it.
In our school everyone is silent about this, they only whisper. They do not want to cause unnecessary pain to the family. We are slowly collecting money for the teacher to give to my mother. And we are waiting for the date of the funeral.
The suspect is already 14 years old, which means that she will be held criminally liable. The article under which the case was initiated implies 20 years in prison. “MK” clarified with a forensic expert how much it will shine for a teenager if the guilt is proven?
“In this case, a 14-year-old minor can be sentenced to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years, and she will serve it in an educational colony,” says the senior lecturer in criminology at the Ural State University of Law, deputy director of the Institute of State and International Law Maxim Matveev. – No matter how atrocious a crime is committed, the most severe punishment for minors is 10 years; the criminal law does not provide for other, more stringent options.
True, I am talking about the case if the medical examination establishes that the minor was aware of the actual nature and social danger of her actions. If a mental disorder is established that does not exclude sanity, this will be a mitigating circumstance. And then coercive measures of a medical nature can be applied to her, in other words, she will be placed in a special medical institution of a closed type.
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Authors:
Irina Brichkalevich
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who was Anastasia Zavorotnyuk’s “youngest daughter” photographed in Moscow
27-year-old Anna Zavorotnyuk returned to Moscow for a while. The eldest daughter of the 52-year-old actress showed a photo with a little girl who was mistaken for her 4-year-old sister Mila.
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Anastasia Zavorotnyuk
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Oncological diseases
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The Honored Artist of Russia has not appeared in public for almost five years. The My Fair Nanny star is battling brain cancer. Relatives of Anastasia Zavorotnyuk did everything to protect her at this time of taking away the public. Figure skater Pyotr Chernyshev also does not go out and avoids comments about his wife’s health.
The couple do not show their daughter Mila, who will turn five in October. The last time Anastasia posted a photo of her youngest daughter was in October 2019, when she was about a year old. After some time, it became known about the terrible diagnosis of the actress.
The only one who allows rare revelations about the condition of the artist is her eldest daughter. True, Anna confines herself to general formulations, without going into medical details. She mainly talks about her feelings about her mother’s illness. The protracted depression led to the fact that the girl was forced to seek qualified psychological help.
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Anna appeared in the marriage of Anastasia Zavorotnyuk with businessman Dmitry Stryukov, from the same relationship she has a 22-year-old son Michael. The eldest daughter of the star tried herself as an actress and starred in one of the episodes of the Closed School series, but now she prefers to realize herself as a blogger and model. Last year, Anna left for the UAE, where her husband is doing business. The newlyweds bought an apartment in Dubai. However, from time to time Zavorotnyuk returns to Moscow to solve the accumulated problems and see his relatives. Ari, she jokingly calls the Emirates her dacha.
Last week, the blogger unexpectedly returned to Russia without explaining the reason for her trip. While walking around the capital, Anna captured a girl in a charming blue cotton dress and light sandals from the back. The baby’s blond hair was gathered in neat ponytails. She looked impatiently at the outdoor refrigerator display case, choosing a summer treat. “For ice cream,” Anna explained.
Many users immediately decided that Anna showed her younger sister – the girl was the right age. This caused a stir on the web.