How to beat a box and one defense. Mastering the Art of Beating Box-and-One and Triangle-and-Two Defenses in Basketball

How do junk defenses work in basketball. What makes box-and-one and triangle-and-two defenses effective. Why do coaches employ these defensive strategies. How can teams effectively counter junk defenses.

Understanding the Fundamentals of Junk Defenses

Junk defenses, such as the box-and-one and triangle-and-two, are non-traditional defensive strategies employed in basketball to disrupt the opposing team’s offensive flow. These defenses combine elements of both zone and man-to-man coverage, creating a unique challenge for offenses to overcome.

In a box-and-one defense, four defenders form a box-shaped zone while one defender plays man-to-man on the opponent’s top scorer. The triangle-and-two follows a similar principle, with three defenders forming a triangle zone and two defenders playing man-to-man on the opposing team’s best offensive threats.

Key Characteristics of Junk Defenses:

• Combination of zone and man-to-man principles
• Focus on neutralizing specific offensive players
• Designed to create confusion and disrupt offensive rhythm
• Often employed as a temporary tactical adjustment

Are junk defenses effective in shutting down star players? While they can limit a top scorer’s impact, their primary effectiveness lies in disrupting the entire offensive system and forcing other players to step up.

The Psychology Behind Junk Defenses

The effectiveness of junk defenses often extends beyond their tactical advantages, tapping into the psychological aspects of the game. These defensive strategies can create confusion, frustration, and self-doubt among offensive players, leading to a breakdown in team chemistry and individual performance.

Psychological Impact on Offensive Players:

1. Confusion: Players may struggle to identify whether they’re facing a zone or man-to-man defense
2. Pressure: The targeted player may feel additional stress to perform
3. Hesitation: Other players might become overly focused on getting the ball to the defended star
4. Frustration: Offensive rhythm disruption can lead to forced shots and turnovers

How does this psychological impact manifest on the court? Offensive players often begin to second-guess their decisions, leading to slower ball movement, forced shots, and a general lack of fluidity in the offense.

Strategic Reasons for Implementing Junk Defenses

Coaches employ junk defenses for various strategic reasons beyond simply stopping a high-scoring player. Understanding these motivations can help offensive teams better prepare and respond to these defensive tactics.

Common Objectives of Junk Defenses:

• Neutralizing a star player’s impact
• Disrupting offensive rhythm and flow
• Changing the game’s tempo
• Hiding defensive weaknesses
• Forcing secondary players to make decisions
• Creating turnovers and easy transition opportunities

Can junk defenses be effective against teams without a clear star player? Yes, these defenses can still disrupt offensive systems by targeting key playmakers or forcing less experienced players to handle increased responsibilities.

Offensive Strategies to Counter Junk Defenses

Successfully countering junk defenses requires a combination of strategic preparation, tactical adjustments, and mental fortitude. Teams that can maintain their composure and exploit the inherent weaknesses of these defenses often find success.

Effective Countermeasures:

1. Maintain offensive spacing to create driving and passing lanes
2. Utilize off-ball screens to free up the defended player
3. Encourage secondary players to be aggressive and look for scoring opportunities
4. Implement quick ball movement to exploit defensive gaps
5. Use the defended player as a decoy to create opportunities for teammates
6. Attack the basket to draw help defense and create open shots
7. Employ a patient approach to find high-percentage scoring chances

How important is preparation in countering junk defenses? While it’s crucial to have a game plan, over-preparing can be counterproductive. Coaches should focus on instilling confidence and adaptability in their players rather than creating entirely new offensive systems.

The Role of Secondary Players in Beating Junk Defenses

When facing a junk defense, the success of the offense often hinges on the performance of secondary players. These individuals must step up and capitalize on the additional attention given to the team’s primary scorer.

Key Responsibilities for Secondary Players:

• Maintaining aggressive offensive mindsets
• Looking for scoring opportunities within the flow of the offense
• Setting effective screens to free up teammates
• Making smart cuts to exploit defensive gaps
• Being ready to catch and shoot when left open
• Handling increased ball-handling responsibilities

How can coaches prepare their secondary players for increased roles against junk defenses? Regular practice scenarios that simulate these defensive situations can help build confidence and decision-making skills among all team members.

Exploiting the Weaknesses of Box-and-One and Triangle-and-Two Defenses

While junk defenses can be effective, they also come with inherent weaknesses that savvy offensive teams can exploit. Understanding and targeting these vulnerabilities is key to breaking down these defensive strategies.

Common Weaknesses of Junk Defenses:

1. Gaps in zone coverage that create driving and passing lanes
2. Mismatches created by defensive switches
3. Vulnerability to offensive rebounding due to non-traditional positioning
4. Difficulty defending against quick ball movement and player rotation
5. Potential for defensive confusion when offensive players change positions

How can offenses consistently exploit these weaknesses? By maintaining proper spacing, employing quick ball movement, and encouraging player movement without the ball, teams can create and capitalize on the gaps in junk defenses.

The Importance of Mental Preparation and Adaptability

Success against junk defenses often comes down to mental preparation and the ability to adapt on the fly. Teams that can maintain their composure and stick to their offensive principles while making necessary adjustments tend to fare better against these defensive strategies.

Key Mental Aspects for Beating Junk Defenses:

• Maintaining confidence in the team’s offensive system
• Staying patient and avoiding forced plays
• Communicating effectively to identify and exploit defensive gaps
• Embracing the challenge and viewing it as an opportunity to showcase team depth
• Remaining flexible and willing to adjust roles as needed

How can coaches instill these mental attributes in their players? Regular discussions about potential defensive strategies, coupled with scenario-based practices, can help players develop the mental resilience needed to overcome junk defenses.

In conclusion, beating box-and-one and triangle-and-two defenses requires a combination of tactical acumen, mental fortitude, and team-wide execution. By understanding the principles behind these junk defenses, recognizing their weaknesses, and preparing both strategically and psychologically, teams can effectively counter these defensive strategies and maintain their offensive efficiency.

Coaches should focus on developing adaptable offensive systems that can function against various defensive looks, rather than creating specific plays for junk defenses. This approach ensures that teams are prepared for any defensive strategy they may encounter while maintaining their overall offensive identity.

Players must embrace the challenge presented by junk defenses, viewing them as opportunities to showcase their skills and adaptability. By maintaining proper spacing, employing quick ball movement, and staying aggressive, offenses can exploit the inherent weaknesses of these defensive strategies.

Ultimately, success against junk defenses comes down to teamwork, communication, and mental toughness. Teams that can maintain their composure, trust in their system, and make smart adjustments will find themselves well-equipped to overcome the challenges presented by box-and-one and triangle-and-two defenses.

As basketball continues to evolve, coaches and players must remain vigilant and adaptable to new defensive strategies. By focusing on fundamental offensive principles and fostering a team-wide mentality of resilience and adaptability, teams can ensure they are prepared to face and overcome any defensive challenge they may encounter on the court.

Basketball Offense versus Junk Defenses (Box-and-1 & Triangle-and-2)

Home > Coaching > Basketball Offense > Basketball Offense Versus Junk Defenses

Your team is facing a “junk defense.” Not a bad defense but a “junk defense”
a term usually attached to a non-traditional defense, such as
the box-and-1 or triangle-and-2. How do you play against it? If you are going to look here for special plays to use against a box-and-1 or
triangle-and 2 you are looking in the wrong place. I believe that creating a special offense to play against a situation that you might
see for a few minutes per year will be damaging to your team as a whole. Preparing for unusual situations will rob you of valuable practice
time and eventually have you less prepared for your everyday games. However, I hope to give you some simple thoughts that will make you a
more effective team if you do see one.

I think in order to play against it, you have to understand it. Why are “junk defenses” effective? When played properly, they are very
effective, but only for a period of time. They get figured out which is why teams don’t play them all the time.

How Do You Beat a “JUNK” Defense?

Let’s look at how they get broken down. Junk defenses take players out of their regular defensive scheme, which leaves holes. They leave
holes in shooting areas, passing lanes and driving lanes. Attacked with consistency and patience, those holes will be exposed and teams
will take advantage of them. Pretty simple.

What Makes a “JUNK” Effective?

Why do they work? That is a little more involved. Rarely do junk defenses prevent the player it is designed to shut down
from getting the ball. There are other forces at work.

Junk defenses work because they are different. When you prepare for your season, you spend the most time on what you want to
do with your team and then you spend time preparing for what you believe other teams are going to do. It stands to reason that
you will spend the most time on the things you believe you will play against most. Preparing for junk defense comes at the
cost of preparation for your season in general. The more time you spend on it, the less time you have for your regular
offenses and defenses. Even if you think you might see some
junk defenses along the way, most coaches believe it is too time consuming to put into their master plan in relation to the
amount of time they will have to use it. I agree with that. The reason why the fabled Princeton Offense is so effective is
that it is so different. Teams try to prepare for it in 1 day because they don’t see it enough to work on it for an entire
season. Invariably, teams are unprepared when they see something different.

The next reason junk defenses work is that they are confusing. These defenses are basically zones. However, the player who is being
defended sees a man-to-man. Many times the player trying to pass to the defended player sees a man-to-man. No matter how
you emphasize it, emotionally, players are going to believe what they see. So, you have some of your players playing
against a zone and 1 or 2 players playing against a man-to-man
defense. The two concepts don’t mix. Your offense breaks down.

The next reason they work is that they force the player being defended to look at his game differently. He doesn’t get the
same looks, he doesn’t handle the ball in the same situations as he is used to. This is usually due to the breakdowns in your
offense rather than the defense. Think about it, if you have a player that is good enough to be junked, he is used to seeing
tough defense. But when they toughen up in a man-to-man, you don’t change your offense because of it. When you see a box-and-1,
everything changes. Your player starts to pressure himself, starts to force shot, tries to make moves he is not good at
and your team spirals down the drain.

Your other players start to fixate on the player being defended that they concentrate on getting him the ball and they ignore other opportunities. The offense loses its pace and its focus. They start taking bad shots and forcing the ball. Combine that with the problems your defended player is having, there is good reason for the defense to be effective.

Why Are They Playing “JUNK” Defense?

Often the purpose of the defense is misunderstood. Commonly, coaches believe it is to deny or shut down a great scorer, but
there are many other reasons. Junk defenses can change tempo, they can hide poor defensive players, I have always had great
success with playing the point guard and forcing others to handle the ball, commonly called “cutting the head off the snake.” Often,
you cannot get into the other coach’s head if you don’t know what his purpose is. Emphasizing the wrong thing on offense only
helps the defense even more.

How Do You Attack a “JUNK” Defense?

So what do you do against a junk defense? I believe you play as normally as you can. Try to make your players
as comfortable as possible. If you run a motion offense, that is what I would stick with. Having the ball switch sides, running screens and creating a lot of movement will break down the defense quickly. This is one of the situations that I run the “Get Series” or “Designated Shooter” that is referred to in the,
“Motion Offense ebooks”. Spend more time on the
mental reasons that the defense is successful than the physical. Teach your players to understand what they are facing and
if you have taught them well, they will respond. Help them to understand that possessions will be longer due to the fact
that it takes a little while for the weaknesses of the defense to show up.

If you don’t run a motion but have a zone offense with a lot of movement, that would be my first line of offense. Remember,
most of these defenses are zones as a basic defense. Taking a man out of the defense to play your player man-to-man will
weaken the zone and create opportunities. Within your offense, make a concerted effort to get the ball inside, even if you
don’t have an inside scorer. All defenses break down when the ball goes inside. Once the ball goes inside, you will get
scoring opportunities. Once they defend the post, your perimeter players will open up. Play inside out for perimeter play. This
will even open up the defended player. The ball will spend a lot of time behind the defender and his concentration level can
only last but so long before it breaks down.

I would not put in anything special for the defense though. I might make some adjustment, based on what I see in the defense
but those adjustments will be inside of what they already know. It is very difficult to get players to execute their
everyday offenses. To give them something new or special due to this situation would be a very tough task.

How Do You Prepare For a “JUNK” Defense?

How do you prepare for a junk defense? Obviously, you have to practice against it. Previously I stated that spending
time on junk defenses might weaken your team as a whole. However, I think you can practice against it but making some
small adjustments within what you normally practice. Just to give you an example, in my defensive progressions I
do a lot of “defensive disadvantage” drills, or drills that are stacked against the defense having success. I do a
lot of 4 on 3 (4 offense, 3 defense) and 5 on 4 drills. We probably spent more time in 5 on 4 drills than 5 on 5.
Inside of those drills, it is easy to add 1 more defensive player and tell him to defend 1 particular player. The
emphasis is not on the one player playing man-to-man. The emphasis of the drill is still 4 on 3 or 5 on 4 so the
players are still comfortable playing the defense. However, the offense must adjust to 1 player under pressure. They
are all in a drill they are comfortable and don’t feel that they have to learn anything new, they feel that they have
to do whatever they are doing, just a little better.

I, also, have never played a box-and-1 or triangle-and-2. I try to use things that are inside my regular defense. My
basic man to man defense has ball side pressure and very heavy weak side help. We do a lot of switching in the back. In
games, we will play a “chaser.” We will take one player and tell him he has no help responsibilities. His job is to keep
one particular player from getting the ball. Sometimes we will play with 2 chasers. Practicing this, because we use it,
is an everyday occurrence. Should we face a junk defense, our players have seen it so often that they have no issues with
it. In addition our defense has gotten better because of the work we do.

The purpose of the above is not to blow my own horn, but to illustrate that you probably have things that you do already
that will prepare you to play against a junk defense and improve your team at the same time. Remember the things that
make “junks” effective (see section above). If you expect to face a junk defense I don’t believe you should take 20
minutes out of your practice and put your 2nd team into a box-and-1. They won’t play it as well as your opponents; they
won’t be excited about it. I would not install anything special because, given the limited preparation time; you won’t
be good at it. You could have used the time to get better at what YOU do and opposed to what THEY do. Spend your time
getting better and getting your players comfortable with what you do instead of being concerned about what they do.

Do you have any questions or suggestions for this offensive play? Let us know by leaving your comments…

Box and 1 Defense – Complete Coaching Guide

Do you ever come up against teams with a single dominant player? One player that scores a majority of their team’s points every game?

When you do come up against a team like that, it’s the perfect opportunity to implement the box and 1 defense.

The box and 1 defense is a junk defense commonly used against teams with one great offensive player surrounded by players of less offensive talent.

Quick Note: For those that aren’t familiar with the term, a ‘junk defense’ is a defense that combines man-to-man and zone principles together.

The defense involves one defender (the chaser) playing man-to-man defense on the opposition’s best offensive threat while the other four defenders set up in a box formation and play zone.

The main objective is to disrupt and confuse the opposition by giving them something they’ve rarely played against and force them to adjust their entire offense accordingly.

Strengths

1. Causes Mass Confusion – By implementing a box and 1 defense, you’re forcing the opposition to run an offense completely different to their normal playing style.

Having relied on their star player to do a bulk of the scoring throughout the season, the other players will now be forced to attack and contribute to the scoreboard.

Forcing the opposition to make massive changes to their game-plan is always a good thing for the defense.

2. Their Star Player Will Get Frustrated – Imagine how frustrating it will be for their star player (who usually dominates the basketball) to be unable to get open while their teammates pass the basketball around and take shots.

This will often lead to the star player committing silly fouls by pushing off to get open, getting angry at their teammates for not getting them the basketball, and they’ll often take bad shots when they finally do get the basketball in hopes to get on the scoreboard.

3. It Will Fatigue Their Star Player – If the chaser performs their job properly, the opposition’s star player will have an incredibly tough time trying to get open which will lead to them getting fatigued quickly.

This is why I recommend rotating 2 or 3 defensive players through the chaser position so that they can all give their 100% effort at all times and then get a quick rest.

4. Easy to Implement – There’s not an easier zone defense in existence than the box zone with 4 players. Everyone’s roles are obvious and it won’t take long for your players to understand it.

This allows you to teach the defense to your players before or during a game and you won’t need to spend 8 hours of practice time teaching it to them.

Weaknesses

1. Middle of the Zone – The middle of a zone is always the most vulnerable position on the court for the offense to exploit. It’s imperative that your weak side players are always in the correct position to deny the pass into the middle of the zone.

2. Doesn’t Work as Well Against Star Big Men – This defense works best against a player that scores a majority of their points from the perimeter or off the drive.

If their star player scores a majority of their points from inside off post ups, the box formation can make the key too crowded and less effective.

3. Can’t be used against great shooting teams – Since there are only two players guarding the entire three-point line excluding the corners, the opposition is going to get some open shots.

If you’re playing against a team with great shooters, this defense won’t be your best option.

Box and 1 Defense Rules

Here are the three main rules of the box and 1 defense…

1. Star Player’s Touches Must be Limited – The entire defense is centered around keeping the basketball out of the opposition’s star player’s hands. The chaser must be in complete denial the entire time and not worrying about anything else.

2. Three Box Players Must Rebound – Whenever a shot is attempted by the opposition, there should be one person contesting the shot and three players forming a triangle around the rim for the rebound.

3. Everyone Collapses When the Star Player Gets the Basketball – When the star defender does get the basketball, all 4 box defenders must collapse back into their box positions.

Roles and Responsibilities

When running the box and 1 defense, there are three positions players can be in…

1. Chaser (Star Defender)

This is the player that is given the difficult task of guarding the opposition’s star offensive player. Their only role is to make the game as difficult as possible for the opposition’s star player.

They do this by being in complete denial whenever the player they’re on doesn’t have the basketball. They don’t need to worry about being in help position, they don’t need to worry about rotating… their only focus should be keeping the basketball out of the star player’s hands.

This player must be a smart defender and willing to work incredibly hard.

They must also be disciplined because the star player is going to get frustrated and push off, throw elbows, talk trash, etc. The chaser can’t react to any of it. They must keep their cool and continue to defend smart.

2. Low Box Defenders

The low box defenders are in charge of defending the low post, defending the basketball when it’s in the corner, and always being ready to help if they’re on the weak-side.

They must also be great rebounders.

These players must be prepared to front the post whenever the basketball is on their side of the court and understand that it’s always a requirement for them to crash the boards hard unless they’re contesting a shot.

3. High Box Defenders

The high box defenders are in charge of keeping the basketball out of the high post and defending the perimeter whenever the basketball is on their side of the court.

These defenders are preferably quick and good on-ball defenders since they’ll be required to do a lot of sprinting around the court!

If a shot is taken and they’re not the player contesting the shot, they must also go after rebounds.

How to Run the Box and 1 Defense

The first step to running the box and 1 defense is to decide which of your players is going to take on the task of being the chaser.

Once you’ve decided on the chaser, of your other four players, you will usually assign your two tallest to be the low box defenders, and the two shortest to be the high box defenders. Although this doesn’t always need to be the case. The coach must decide what’s best for the team!

In the following paragraphs, I’ll speak mostly about the box defenders since we know what the chaser should be doing at all times… denying the basketball to the star player!

When the Star Player has the Basketball

When their star player manages to receive the basketball (which will happen), all box defenders immediately collapse into the original box set depending on where the basketball is on the floor.

This box formation gives us great help defense all over the court if the star player decides to attack.

An added benefit is that this will leave their teammates open on the perimeter which will encourage them to pass the basketball.

Players know that they’ll look like a selfish player if they’re not passing to their wide open teammates. This is a good thing for the defense. We want the basketball out of their hands!

Basketball at the Top of the Key

When the basketball is at the top of the key, there will not be a specific player defending the basketball.

The two high box defenders will be near the high post deterring the player with the basketball from making a pass into the middle of the zone. We allow them to pass the basketball around the perimeter.

The two low box defenders should each have a foot inside the lane on their respective sides.

The chaser will be in complete denial.

Basketball on the Wing

When the basketball has been passed to a wing player, it’s the strong side high box player’s responsibility to close out and defend the basketball. Since we just want to keep the basketball outside the key, they should have an even stance and not be pushing the offensive player to a specific area of the court.

The weak-side high box player will slide across to the middle of the lane and deny the high post.

The strong-side low box player must fight their way to front the post and the weak-side low box player should slide across to split line so that they can prevent any lob passes over the top.

We always want the strong-side low box players fronting the low post because if the basketball is passed to the corner, it’s their responsibility to close out and contest the shot.

The chaser will be in complete denial.

Basketball in the Corner

When the basketball is in the corner it’s the responsibility of the strong-side low box player to close out and defend the basketball. It’s important that this player doesn’t allow them to drive along the baseline.

The weak-side low box player must slide across and defend the player on the low block if there is one. If not, they’re in help position.

The weak-side guard drops into the gap and denies the pass into the middle of the key.

The strong-side guard has a couple of options similar to most zones:

Dropping into Space

1. Drop back – This will prevent any pass inside the key from the corner but will allow the offense to pass the basketball back out to their wing player.

2. Hard deny the wing player – If you’re not playing against a smart offensive team that will cut into the open space, you can consider hard denying the reversal pass and see if you can force the offensive player to make a tough pass and turn the basketball over. Although this will leave a big hole in the middle of the key!

3. Trap the corner – I don’t often recommend trapping the corner in the box and 1 defense but it can be done. When the pass is made to the corner, the strong-side high box player immediately drops down and double the corner, the weak-side high box player sprints across and denies the reversal pass, and then it’s up to the weak-side low box player to intercept the pass to one of the other two players.

The chaser will, as always, be in complete denial anywhere on the court.

Basketball in the High Post

When the basketball finds itself at the high post I prefer to double with the high box defenders than to bring another defender up.

There’re a few reasons for this:

1. We don’t want to leave a single defender to cover the entire baseline.
2. A box and 1 defense shouldn’t be run against great shooting teams so a couple of open outside shots is better than giving away a layup.

At the end of the day, when the basketball gets into the high post, it’s a pick your poison scenario. That’s why we need to fight hard to keep it out of there!

The low box defenders should hold their ground on the blocks and not allow the dump down pass. The high box players will double the high post and then scramble to recover.

Basketball in the Low Post

The low box players must do everything they can to ensure that a post player doesn’t get a seal on them in the low post. Your players should always be fronting the post or, at least, nudging the post player out if they have position.

If the opposition gets a seal on the strong-side defender, we play them straight up and hope they don’t take advantage of the open corner three-point shot (again, we have to pick what we give up with this defense).

If they do kick it out to the corner, the strong-side high box player can challenge the shot if they’re sure the opposition will take it.

When this happens, both low post players must box out their players and secure the rebound!

Rebounding

Rebounding in the box and 1 defense is actually quite good for a zone. The reason for this is because there will be an obvious rebounding triangle after each shot is taken from outside as you’ll see in the following diagrams.

Whenever a long shot is put up, 1 of the box defenders will contest the shot and the other 3 must crash the boards and go after the rebound.

The chaser should always box out their player and keep the away from the basketball. This will keep their star player frustrated and they will often pick up a few silly fouls trying to get the basketball.

Let’s look at a few examples…

Shot from the Corner

When the shot is taken from the corner, the strong-side low box defender will contest the shot.

The weak-side low box defender will be in charge of rebounding on the weak side since this is where the shot has the highest chance of landing if missed, the weak-side high box player will rebound from the top, and the strong-side high box player must cut down and rebound on the strong side of the triangle.

Shot from the Wing

When the shot is taken from the wing, the strong-side high box defender will contest the shot.

This leaves both low post defenders to box out and rebound on their respective sides while the weak-side high box player must attack the top of the rebounding triangle and go after the rebound.

Shot from the Top

When the shot is taken from the top of the key it’s a little different.

If the shooter is shading to one side of the court and one of the high post defenders thinks they can get a hand up to contest the shot, they should do it and then the other high post defender rebounds from the top.

If none of the defenders can challenge the shot, both should turn and rebound.

If there’s an offensive player on the high post during this shot, make sure one of your high post defenders gets a body on them and boxes out!

Defending Skip Passes

Defending skip passes is incredibly simple in the box and 1 defense although not always incredibly effective.

If the basketball is skipped across the court, the player who is tasked with covering that area must simply hustle and close out. Simple, isn’t it?

This is another reason why it’s difficult to use the box and 1 defense against a good shooting team.

Let’s go over the three most common skip passes.

Wing to Corner Skip Pass

When the basketball is skipped from the wing to the corner, the weak-side low box defender who was on split line must hustle to get out and contest the shot.

It’s crucial that this defender does not give up the baseline drive when closing out.

Corner to Wing Skip Pass

On the corner to wing skip pass, the weak-side high box player will close out on the player with the basketball.

We want this player closing out evenly and not directing the offensive player to one side or the other. It’s better to give up a contested long-range shot than allow them to blow past us.

Top to Corner Skip Pass

On the top to corner skip pass, the closest low box player must close out on the basketball without giving up the baseline drive.

This pass can be a killer for the defense if the low box player is screened. This is why your players must always be on their toes anticipating screens and getting the best position.

Variations

Diamond and 1 Defense

The diamond and 1 defense is very similar to the box and 1 except that instead of the four box players setting up in a box formation, they set up in a triangle formation.

This allows much better protection around the perimeter since there will be 3 defenders instead of 2, but gives much less help on the inside since there will only be 1 inside defender.

Teams who decide to go with the diamond and 1 will usually have and incredibly dominant big man or be a team that’s playing against a team of great outside shooters.

The biggest weakness for this defense is when the opposition gets the basketball into the high post, preventing inside scoring, and also rebounding the basketball.

How it works:

The top of the diamond will cover the basketball when it’s at the top of the key and also deny the high post when the basketball’s anywhere else on the floor.

The two wing defenders of the diamond and 1 zone will be required to defend the entire wing on their respective sides from the high wing all the way to the corner.

The inside defender will be must be great at protecting the rim above all else. They will be required to defend both blocks, rebound, and challenge any shot around the rim.

Conclusion

By implementing the box and 1 defense, you force a one-dimensional team to beat you with their players that don’t usually make an impact on the scoreboard.

The box and 1 defense does this effectively by causing massive disruption to the offense.

This isn’t a staple defense you should use every game. This defense should be used only against certain teams where you think it will be effective.

You might not use it a lot, but it’s a great defense to have in the back of your mind. Who knows, you might need it one day!

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Tips for Beating a Zone Defense in Basketball

This basketball coaching article was written by Basketball HQ co-founder Kyle Ohman.

Most zone defenses in basketball aim to keep the ball moving aimlessly around the perimeter before a low percentage shot is eventually put up. Even knowing this, there are still a lot of offenses that still fall into this trap. Offenses will hit a few 3 pointers at the start but will fall in love with low percentage shots, and by the end of the game, they have fallen right into the zone defense’s trap.

Zone defenses can be exploited, and there are high percentage shots to be had if your offense is set up with the right situations. Hopefully, this offensive basketball coaching article will provide you with a few tips for beating a zone defense in basketball.

Don’t Stand, Move With a Purpose Against the Zone

As basketball coaches, we have all at one point or another yelled, “don’t stand, move!” Unfortunately, most of the time, our players (for lack of a better term) start running around like chickens with their heads cut off. They cut and move with no timing, and nothing comes of it. When it comes to beating a zone defense in basketball, players must understand when and where they should be moving.

If you have a more experienced team, you can talk about timing and some of the purposes of cutting, and this usually is enough because they have a higher basketball IQ. However, if you have a less experienced basketball team, a great option is putting in a zone motion offense with specific rules for when and where a player should cut, fill, space, screen, etc. This will allow your players not to get bogged down with overthinking and will help simplify their responsibilities.

In a zone motion offense, players still need to understand what is going on, but with the different rules, it helps to alleviate a lot of the pressure of knowing what to do off the basketball.

Shift the Zone Defense by Moving the Ball

Equally as important (or even more) as player movement is ball movement. A zone defense in basketball is designed to load up on the side of the ball so that there are no angles to penetrate or make entry passes. So if you can get the ball moving side to side and even better yet, inside out, you have a great chance of making the defense shift, which creates potential defensive breakdowns.

The key is not allowing any of your players to be ball stoppers. There will be players on your team that feel the need to catch and dribble every time they receive the ball. If you allow this to happen, your zone offense will not work. Catching and holding the ball or catching and dribbling the ball without purpose allows the defense to recover and reset. Keep the ball moving.

Before a player catches the ball, they should already know what they will do with it. The three main options are; catch and shoot (if open and a good shooter), drive the ball (either to score or to kick), or pass (which is usually the most common option). The longer a player holds the ball, the more time the defense has to recover. So the ball must be moving from player to player with purpose.

Hard Cuts Through the Zone

We have already touched on player movement, but specifically talking about cutting, players must be cutting hard and with purpose, even if they aren’t getting the ball. If a player can execute a hard cut to the basket, it is going to force the defense to respect them, and that means that either they are going to get a scoring opportunity, or it is going to open up a scoring opportunity for someone else. However, if the player doesn’t cut hard, the defense doesn’t respect the cut, and there is no shifting or over helping.

Hard cuts are extremely important in beating a zone defense in basketball. You must force the defense to respect and guard every player that cuts through the zone. This will force the defense to move and communicate, which will lead to (you guessed it) more potential defensive breakdowns.

Play Inside Out Against the Zone

If the goal of a zone defense in basketball is to keep the ball outside on the perimeter, it makes sense that the offense should want to get the ball inside the zone. Playing inside out can be accomplished in several different ways. It can be created with hard cuts/player movement like we just talked about, it can be achieved by dribble penetration and attacking gaps in a zone, and it can be done by feeding the low or high post and playing out of it.

If you can get the ball inside through one of these means, you force the defense to have to suck in to help; this opens up kick-outs for open HIGH PERCENTAGE shots. There is a huge difference between inside out 3’s and 3’s from a lack of ball movement. Playing inside out forces the defense to have to move, shift, and recover, and any time you get a defense doing this, it opens up scoring possibilities.

Set Zone Basketball Plays

Against a zone defense, you aren’t really going to be able to run a set basketball play every time down. Still, during a game, if you execute correctly and run your set basketball plays at advantageous times, you can usually get 8-10 points from them, which could easily be the difference between a win and a loss.

Great basketball coaches can put their best players in positions where they can succeed. So if you have a player that is a knockdown shooter, run some different zone 3 point basketball plays throughout the game that will get them a wide-open shot. If you have a freak athlete run a misdirection zone lob basketball play for them, or if you have a post player that can’t be stopped in the post, run some different actions to allow your post player to get the ball around the basket.

Depending on your basketball team and strengths, you are going to have different set plays. So find the zone basketball plays that work best for your team and take advantage of them periodically throughout the course of a game.

Use Screens Against the Zone

Even though defenders aren’t specifically assigned to guard one player in a zone, it is still beneficial to the offense to set screens. The two primary screens that work the best to score against a zone defense in basketball are seal-in screens and ball screens. If used correctly, both can put the zone defense in a difficult situation that forces them to rotate, shift, and communicate. This means that there is potential for defensive breakdowns and opportunities for the offense to get a great look.

Ball screens against the top defenders of the zone are also great because they create angles for penetration and overload situations. If the top defender chooses to fight over the ball screen, there will be an angle for the ball handler to attack. If the defender decides to bump off the ball handler to the next defender in line, it will create an overload situation if you place a couple of good shooters on the perimeter and quickly swing the ball.

Seal in screens are great to use for shooters on a quick ball reversal or a skip pass. If you can get the defense rotating one way and then seal them in on the backside for a quick reversal or skip pass, you can end up with some good action. If the wing defender leaves too early, the screener will be open for a shot or a finish at the basket.

Tips for Beating a Zone Defense in Basketball Conclusion

As it goes with pretty much anything, it is easier said than done. So while all of these keys provide the information for beating a zone defense in basketball, it also takes a commitment to working on these keys with your team. It is essential that as a coach, you are consistently going over the keys of good zone offense with your basketball team. Whether you are facing teams that primarily run zone or face teams that use it sparingly, you must be able to take advantage of it whenever you come across it.

10 tips for breaking zone defense

This article looks at offensive concepts against the zone defense. Rather than provide specific plays or actions to run, I want to look at certain concepts that enable you to tailor your offenses to fit your personnel, your style and the variations of defense you might face.

Here are some general guidelines to breaking down the zone defense that should be used in your offense.

1. Transition. You can beat the zone defense in transition if you have an up-tempo team that can push the ball up the floor without giving the defense enough time to get set.

Diagrams 1 (top) and 2 (bottom)

2. Analyze the zone. There are three important questions you should ask yourself:

• Is it an odd or even front? We don’t want to matchup, we want to split the defense to make it have to move to cover the ball. DIAGRAMS 1 and 2 show the typical front alignments your offensive might encounter.
• Are they trapping? This determines whether there is a need to keep a release man close to the ball.
• How are they rotating? This determines the areas of the zone that can be attacked and how it can effectively be screened.

3. Patience. Break down the zone and find the shots that you want. You also must beat the zone from the inside out. Don’t settle for the first open 3-point look you’re given. That shot will be there anytime.

4. Spacing. Do not allow one defender to guard two offensive players. It’s also important that you play behind the defense as much as possible. Wings should be lower than the top of the zone, and the post players should be as low on the baseline as possible.

5. Overload the zone. Design your offenses to move players into areas that give you a numbers advantage on one side of the floor. Put the zone in a situations where at least one defender has no one to guard (DIAGRAM 3).

Diagram 3

6. Passing. Passing must be quick and crisp. Do not hold the ball and allow the defense to adjust. Make them late on their rotations.

Reversing the ball is key. Make the zone cover one side of the floor, then the other and then back again. The skip pass can be utilized wing-to-wing or through the post. The ball fake is essential because man defenses react to the man, while zone defense react to the ball. Fake a pass to make a pass.

7. Dribble penetration. Make sure your offense doesn’t over dribble. Either attack the gaps immediately or move the ball.

Dribble penetration is necessary to beat the zone, but it must be done with a purpose. On any dribble penetration, players off the ball should slide behind the defense. Look opposite and inside.

Diagrams 4 (top) and 5 (bottom)

8. Shooting. Have your shooters in a shooting position as often as possible to stretch the zone. Make sure your best shooters are getting their shots, and make sure you are getting shots that your team can make.

9. Inside play. Use the short corner and the high post to your advantage. Attack either low/high, cutting down the lane (DIAGRAM 4) or high/low, cutting inside (DIAGRAM 5).

10. Offensive rebounding. The biggest weakness of any zone is rebounding the ball. Make going to the glass a priority. Second shots mean more layups and free throws.

Breaking down the zone

There are two keys to breaking down any zone defense:

• Alignment/movement. Put the defense in a position where they are forced to cover two options at the same time. This is extremely difficult for the defense to cover and is much easier to do against a zone than it is against a man.
• Misdirection/screening. Since the defense is covering an area instead of an individual, you want to misdirect the defense to one side of the floor, move the ball and screen the recovery.

If the defense is playing man, it decides the matchups and you decide where it plays. If the defense is playing zone, it decides where it’s going to play, and you decide the matchups.

There are two types of offenses that are  effective against the zone defense:

• Continuity. This is based on concepts and reads that can be used for extended periods of time against the same defense. You will need two or three, depending on the zone you are facing.
• Quick hits. This can get you a specific shot against the zone. It can usually only be used once or twice, but it can be very effective to break up continuity and also against teams that play zone as a secondary defense.

Chris Hackett has coached at the high school, junior college and university levels, in Kansas, Missouri and Florida. He currently coaches at Frank Phillips College in Texas.

Warriors and Stephen Curry being forced to think outside the box-and-one

During scenes in his Facebook documentary series “Stephen vs. The Game,” Warriors point guard Stephen Curry prominently wears a box-and-one hoodie.

Underneath the enlarged box-and-one graphic on the chest, there are small letters spelling out Curry’s real message: “Respect the game.”

Curry better make sure the sweatshirt is clean and easily accessible from his closet, because the Warriors expect that the league’s best shooter is going to have to break it out quite a bit this season.

“People are going to throw everything at Steph,” Warriors head coach Steve Kerr said. “That’ll be a big theme this season, and we’ve got to do a better job attacking what people are throwing at us. We will.”

Without secondary scorers as accomplished as Kevin Durant and Klay Thompson playing alongside Curry, and as the Warriors try to forge an offensive identity with a roster filled with youth and newcomers, opponents’ game plans are based solely on slowing the two-time MVP and three-time champion.

Dusting off what was once considered a dilapidated scheme, often used at lower levels of basketball, Toronto famously deployed the box-and-one defense against Curry in Games 2, 4 and 6 of the 2019 NBA Finals to win the championship.

Comparing Warriors guard Stephen Curry’s career stats to his 2020-21 numbers.

See MoreCollapse

As the stigma against zone defenses appears to be dissipating across the league, the box-and-one strategy is trending. Curry faced the defense in three straight recent games with mixed results, going for 38 points on 13-for-24 shooting against the Clippers on Jan. 8, scoring a season-low 11 points on a career-worst 2-for-16 shooting against Toronto on Jan. 10, and not finding a flow in a 7-for-17, 20-point performance against Indiana on Jan. 12.

“We call it the ‘janky defense,’ and eventually, you feel like you’ll be able to pick it apart,” said Curry, using the urban dictionary definition of janky meaning “old and dilapidated.” “Whether it’s me getting shots or somebody else on the weak side, we need a little bit of time to realize that it’s probably going to happen more than in years past and find some key sets and looks to create shots. I have to obviously help solve that puzzle by staying aggressive and not falling into what it’s supposed to do in taking me out of the game. That’ll be a work in progress.”

A box-and-one is a hybrid defense that uses both man-to-man and zone principles. One player is assigned to guard Curry man-to-man, and the other four defenders are responsible for zone defense in the half court’s four quadrants.

The player defending Curry can be especially aggressive as two teammates are nearby and quick to offer help, often as a double-team, if the original defender is beat off the dribble. The idea is to get the ball out of Curry’s hands, and he should be able to get the ball to the weakened middle of the court to exploit the holes in the backside zone.

On top of NBA players often eschewing the box-and-one defense — like many teams, the Warriors take pride in “taking the challenge of one-on-one defense” — opponents don’t have a ton of time to implement the system this season.

After truncated training camps, teams are rarely conducting road shootarounds, have shortened meeting time and have games piled on top of each other during the coronavirus pandemic. With limited practice time before facing the Warriors, Indiana head coach Nate Bjorkgren said he was drawing up the “gimmicky” defenses in the timeout huddles and relying on his players to communicate on the court.

“If you play a box-and-one defense, it should be three-on-two all day,” Kerr said. “If you get organized and get sharp, then there are going to be great shots. That’s what we have to do as a staff: help our players get organized and execute better against this kind of stuff.”

With scratches up and down his arms and blood dripping onto his jersey against Toronto, it was obvious that the Warriors’ offense is a work in progress that hasn’t quite mastered how to take advantage of all the attention drawn by Curry.

In the following days, his teammates started coming up with a variety of theories about how to help Curry. Although they all had different ideas, they all were based on the need to make quick, sharp decisions with the ball.

Backup center Kevon Looney said: “We have to find pockets for him to pass through after he strings out the play.”

Reserve swingman Damion Lee said the team will find a couple of sets that take advantage of the box-and-one defense: “We’ve got to swing the ball, take open shots after an easy pass, and keep confidence in each other.”

Said rookie center James Wiseman: “It’s about spacing. I’ve got to be an option for him to pass to and always be available.”

Andrew Wiggins, the Warriors’ No. 2 scoring option, said he needs to be more aggressive, attack the rim and find situations in which he can set screens for Curry: “Whether he has the ball or he’s off the ball, the opponent’s focus on him is crazy.”

Until the 2019 NBA Finals against the Raptors, Curry said he hadn’t seen the box-and-one defense since his high school days at Charlotte Christian or in college at Davidson.

In fact, zone defense wasn’t even allowed in the NBA until 2001-02.

By last season, however, 18 of 30 teams played at least 100 possessions of zone defense, according to Synergy play-type tracking. Just 10 teams used a zone that often in 2018-19 and there were only two teams to do it in 2017-18.

Despite his frustration with the attention he’s drawing, Curry went into Tuesday’s games averaging 28.2 points, trailing only Washington’s Bradley Beal (34.9) and Brooklyn’s Kevin Durant (30.6).

Curry leads the league with 11.2 3-point attempts per game and is fourth in field-goal attempts (20.6). He’s among the top 20 with 6.2 assists per game.

“It’s part of the challenge of being in this position,” Curry said. “Mentally and physically, you’ve got to be ready for that challenge and not let it keep you on your heels or lose your aggressiveness. It’s a challenge, and I’m ready to figure it out.”

Opposing coaches are taking note. Denver head coach Michael Malone, a Warriors assistant from 2011 through ’13, didn’t use a box-and-one defense against Curry on Thursday, because the “unselfish superstar” uses the scheme as a way to “empower his teammates.”

After showing his team personnel clips and breaking down the Warriors’ play dispersal, Malone explained to his players that they had to have both feet outside the 3-point arc when defending Curry.

“Listen, when he makes a shot, don’t look over at me and say, ‘I played good defense,’ when you didn’t,” Malone said. “He’s not your ordinary player. He’s a great player. … This is not a regular point guard. This guy is otherworldly in terms of his talents and shooting ability. You have to guard him with that in mind.”

Even the teams that choose to blitz and double-team Curry, instead of using a box-and-one or triangle-and-two defense, know that they can’t gap pin-downs and go under screens on Curry catch-and-shoot opportunities. When he gives up the ball, defenders cannot relax, because Curry is already moving to relocate and get separation for a secondary 3-point shot.

Among the Warriors’ 17-player roster, 12 have played fewer than six NBA seasons. With Thompson rehabbing an Achilles injury, only Draymond Green and Looney have played meaningful minutes with Curry.

So, it stands to reason that the Warriors’ offense has yet to develop a layered attack or gotten comfortable with secondary actions. But Kerr believes it’s coming.

“He’s been doing this a long time,” Kerr said of Curry. “He’s seen everything. He’s won championships. He’s had season-ending injuries. He’s seen every coverage there is. He’s Steph Curry. He’s going to be fine, no matter what comes his way. …

“It’s just a matter of our team connecting and figuring out who we are and what we are. It’s going to take some time. … The offense is going to come together over time.”

As for the box-and-one hoodie, Toronto head coach Nick Nurse said he would have sported it to Chase Center for the Jan. 10 matchup.

“I spilled a little spaghetti sauce on my box-and-one sweatshirt at pregame meal today, so I’m out of luck there,” he joked.

Rusty Simmons is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. Email: [email protected] Twitter: @Rusty_SFChron

NBA Playoffs – Why teams are combating the offensive revolution by going to zone defense

Sep 25, 2020

• Tim Bontemps

• Kevin Pelton

  CloseESPN Senior Writer

  • Co-author, Pro Basketball Prospectus series
  • Formerly a consultant with the Indiana Pacers
  • Developed WARP rating and SCHOENE system

THE LOS ANGELES Lakers entered the fourth quarter of Game 3 of the Western Conference finals trailing the Denver Nuggets by 18 points when Lakers coach Frank Vogel called for a zone defense — a strategic move NBA coaches once considered a last resort, but one that is becoming increasingly common this postseason.

The Lakers used their zone to rack up five steals in less than three minutes, cutting the lead down to as little as three points. And while the Nuggets recovered to win the game, the defensive switch nearly led to the second-biggest comeback of LeBron James’ lengthy playoff career.

“As a coach, when your team gets down and you’re looking for something to try to give your team a spark, you try to change the game,” Vogel said. “Sometimes it’s a lineup. Sometimes it’s a coverage. Sometimes it’s zone defense, throwing it out there, just to break their rhythm a little bit.

“It doesn’t always work. It did tonight.”

1 Related

In the ongoing battle between NBA offenses and defenses, offenses have dominated recently. The past two seasons have produced the most efficient offense on record behind ever-growing numbers of 3-point shots.

“I think that the offense changed drastically, and the defense stayed pretty much the same for a while,” Toronto Raptors coach Nick Nurse said, “and now I think the defense is starting to have to adjust to such a different and drastic style of offensive play.”

The heavy use of zones has been a key adjustment this postseason. And now the zone defense, once disdained, has the potential to reshape this year’s NBA Finals.

AS RECENTLY AS two seasons ago, the NBA zone defense — which has been allowed since 2001-02, when the league removed the “illegal defense” rule preventing its use — had all but gone extinct.

After peaking at 3% usage during the 2009-10 season, zone was used for just 638 plays in 2017-18, 0.2% of all possessions, according to Synergy Sports data. That was the culmination of six seasons of decline after zone defenses were more common in the NBA from 2009 through 2012, highlighted by the Dallas Mavericks’ zone helping them upset the heavily favored Big Three Miami Heat in the 2011 NBA Finals.

Seven years later, Miami played a key role in bringing the zone back in vogue.

On Dec. 20, 2018, the Heat used a zone defense to slow down reigning MVP James Harden in a nationally televised win over the Houston Rockets. Harden, who was amid a historic run of 32 consecutive games of scoring at least 30 points, went just 7-for-23 from the field against the unorthodox defense.

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Though Heat coach Erik Spoelstra dismissed the notion that there was any grand strategy behind turning to a zone a handful of games earlier — “We did it because our man [defense] wasn’t working,” he said — other coaches took notice of how much zone Miami was playing. The Heat used zone on more plays during the 2019-20 regular season, 802, than all 30 NBA teams combined in either 2016-17 or 2017-18. League-wide zone usage was up to 2.2% this season, its highest level since the lockout-shortened 2011-12 season.

While Miami didn’t need to use its zone to beat either the Indiana Pacers or Milwaukee Bucks, it has been a key factor in the Heat’s building a 3-1 series lead in the Eastern Conference finals heading into Friday’s Game 5 against the Boston Celtics (8:30 p.m. ET on ESPN).

Other coaches have taken notice. “One of the best things you can do is learn from real good coaches,” Utah Jazz coach Quin Snyder said. “And Erik is a terrific coach, so it calls your attention to it, and then you have to figure out: Is this applicable to our team in some way?”

One big reason coaches have traditionally shunned the zone is that NBA players can shoot right over the top of it, but modern NBA zone defense is no longer so vulnerable to outside shooting.

“Teams have tinkered with zone rules and tinkered around the three-second rule for the middle man, so it’s not your typical college 2-3 or 3-2 zone anymore,” said Detroit Pistons coach Dwane Casey, who was the architect of the Mavs’ 2011 defense.

“The way teams have bastardized the zone so much and tinkered with the zone, it’s really a glorified switch.”

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This helps explain why the Heat’s zone was effective against Harden. Modern offensive superstars such as Harden all but demand that man-to-man defenses switch pick-and-rolls to keep up, which puts their defenders in uncomfortable positions — guards defending post-ups and big men defending one-on-one on the perimeter. In a zone, those defenders stay where their coach wants them.

Spoelstra has also changed where those players are by putting two athletic forwards on the perimeter in the Heat’s 2-3 zones, with the team’s smaller guards playing on the wings in the back line. That has made Miami’s zone defense more difficult for Boston to attack.

Snyder borrowed that innovation when Utah implemented a zone defense at midseason.

“Having more length at the top, that player has an opportunity to impact the offense two different ways,” Snyder explained. “From the corner, there’s one pass, essentially, one direction that you can go. From the top, a lot of times there’s two different directions that someone can pass.”

Despite their evolution, zones remain most vulnerable beyond the arc. So, their rise also required the NBA’s shot math to change.

THE DECLINE IN zone defense over the past decade coincided with the NBA’s love affair with the 3-pointer. But now, even with 3-pointers being attempted at record rates, zone is back on the rise.

“It’s such an interesting contradiction,” Washington Wizards coach Scott Brooks said. “We are shooting 3s more than ever, so why would you play a zone?”

When the Mavericks used zone in the 2011 NBA Finals with Casey as their defensive coordinator, they were exposing a Miami weakness. At that point, before adding Shane Battier and unleashing Chris Bosh as a 3-point shooter, the Heat had a shortage of shooting.

Now, every team looks to have as much shooting on the floor as possible. Yet, there’s a paradox to all these 3-pointers: In a counterintuitive twist, they’ve made controlling the area around the basket more important for opposition defenses.

There are two factors at play. First, five-out lineups in which every player on the court can shoot 3s have made it hard for defenses to cover enough ground to load up the paint against players driving from the perimeter and also get out to shooters.

“I think it’s either-or,” said Casey, whose perspective is borne out by the data. “You’re going to do one or the other. It’s hard to do both.”

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Second, shots at the rim are simply more valuable. The average attempt in the restricted area was worth 1.27 points this season, as compared to 1.17 points for the average 3-point attempt from the corners and 1.05 points for 3-pointers taken from elsewhere on the court.

Because of that math, job No. 1 for a modern NBA defense is preventing opponents from getting to the rim, even more than preventing 3-pointers.

Among the NBA’s top 10 defenses in 2019-20, just one team (the Philadelphia 76ers) ranked in the top eight in preventing 3-pointers. Conversely, four of the top 10 (including Milwaukee and Toronto) were among the eight teams that allowed the most 3-point attempts.

However, six of this year’s top 10 defenses were in the top eight in preventing shots in the restricted area around the basket, per analysis of data from NBA Advanced Stats, and none in the bottom eight.

It’s here where the zone shines. Per Second Spectrum tracking, teams shot 3s far more frequently against zones (53% of their shot attempts, as compared to 38% of shot attempts against man-to-man defense). But zone defenses dramatically reduced shots in the restricted area, from 26% of attempts against man-to-man to just 16% against zone.

The increased emphasis on protecting the rim, and the zone’s effectiveness in doing so, has led three of the four teams in the conference finals to use zone this round. Only the Denver Nuggets, who are down 3-1 in the West finals, have yet to break it out.

UNLIKE IN COLLEGE basketball, where legendary coaches such as Syracuse’s Jim Boeheim and retired longtime Temple coach John Chaney built their defenses around exclusive use of 2-3 zones, NBA teams have found it more effective as a counterpunch. Overall, Second Spectrum tracking shows zone defenses giving up slightly more points per possession (1.12) than man-to-man defenses (1.11).

“It’s a different look,” Vogel said. “Most zones in the NBA are not very good; there’s a lot of holes in them and can be easily exploited. It doesn’t always happen, but that’s why most of the league does not play zone for long stretches.”

Still, as Brooks notes, zones have value by taking offenses out of what they typically want to do.

“When you [face] a man-to-man defense, you can run a pattern,” Brooks said. “You know that if they guard it this way, OK this will be open, and, if they guard it this way, [then] this will be open. So you have your check points as a player and as a coach.

“But in a zone, it’s a little bit of organized chaos. You have gray areas. … You have some concepts, but you really have to be free-flowing. You really have to have a really stronger-IQ basketball team to be able to attack it consistently.”

No coach has made better use of zones to mix things up than Nurse, recently voted Coach of the Year. During last year’s NBA Finals against an injury-depleted Golden State Warriors team, Nurse went to a zone defense typically seen in high school — a box-and-one — to thwart Warriors star Stephen Curry. He went back to it again during this year’s Eastern Conference semifinals against Boston to try to slow down Kemba Walker after he tore apart Toronto’s defense early in the series.

“I’ve coached in a lot of playoff games now, a lot of playoff series and a lot of NCAA tournament games,” Celtics coach Brad Stevens said after Boston’s Game 7 victory. “I’d say we saw more defenses and more stuff … right when something worked, the next play it didn’t work anymore. That’s a credit to them.”

After outlasting the Raptors, the Celtics have struggled against Miami’s 2-3 zone in the conference finals. They’ve averaged just 1.04 points per possession on the 113 possessions marked by Second Spectrum data as against zone, down from 1.19 points per possession against man-to-man, while shooting 29% from 3-point range. In a series in which the Heat’s three wins have come by a combined 11 points, those possessions loom large.

Between players getting more and more creative with the ball in their hands, an influx of quality shooters at every position on the court, and rules being created and enforced to aid offense, defenses are left in a nearly impossible spot. The goal isn’t to take away everything from an offense, but to keep them from going to what it is they want to do most.

“It’s going to be hard for defense to trump offense like it used to in the late ’90s,” former Philadelphia 76ers coach Brett Brown said earlier this year.

Still, that won’t stop coaches from trying.

“The game has changed,” Brooks said. “I think zone defense is going to be taking place more and there’s going to be more creativity, and someone is going to come up with something that is totally different than the last guy.”

Notebook game observations: How Toronto used a box-and-one defense to take the ball out of Dončić hands

Every time I drove the ball I saw four people in the paint. That’s why I shot only eleven shots. They played box-and-one, they kept doubling me. – Luka Dončić

If you are a die hard Mavericks fan, you must be frustrated. Dallas lost for a third time in a row against the Toronto Raptors on Monday. Things get hard when you miss five key rotation players and three potential starters. But things will get better soon; the Mavericks proved already they are a good team when they don’t have to give the 10th, 11th, and 12th men starter minutes.

Until then, frustrating losses like this will happen. But even frustrating losses can be valuable if the Mavericks will learn from mistakes.

On Monday, Luka Dončić got the superstar treatment from one of the best coaches in the league, Nick Nurse. Nurse used a box-and-one defense to deny Dončić the ball. This is the same tactic Nurse used to stop Steph Curry in the 2019 NBA Finals. Toronto used box-and-one in the Orlando bubble to defend another elite scorer in Jason Tatum.

We all want to see Luka Dončić and the Dallas Mavericks in the Finals someday, so these kind of painful lessons can be valuable. This type of defensive plan is reserved for the best players and Dončić is already among them. The bigger the threat Dončić and the Mavericks become, the more of these tactics we’ll see in the future.

There is a high chance that will happen as soon as Tuesday when Mavericks face Indiana Pacers. Pacers coach Nate Bjorkgren is Nick Nurse’s former assistant and disciple.

The plan

We worked hard to limit his touches somewhat. He didn’t seem to have the ball all the time like he does in some games … and he kicked it out a lot, which is what we wanted hm to do. – Nick Nurse

The effect

Dončić shot the ball only 11 times against the Raptors. In his previous 7 games, Dončić never had fewer than 20 field goal attempts. Dončić had 9 assists and 20 potential assists. Raptors definitely succeeded in getting the ball out of Dončić’s hands and try his teammates to beat them. The depleted Dallas supporting cast could not do it in this game, as Dallas shot 37.8% from the field and 25.0% from the three-point line. Dallas also had total of 16 turnovers, Willie-Cauley Stein had four, Jalen Brunson and James Johnson had threw each, and Kristaps Porizingis had two.

The execution

Box-and-one defense

Per wikipedia “A box-and-one defense is usually used against teams with one dominant scoring threat. The idea is to try to shut that player down by forcing them to score against a dedicated man-to-man player and a supporting zone.”

Basically, four players are playing a zone (in a box format), while the other person is playing man-to-man. In this video clip, you can see four players in a box (square) formation, while a dedicated defender is guarding Dončić.

In the next video, the Raptors combined box-and-one defense with aggressing double-teaming and trapping Dončić in almost all pick and roll situations.

Dončić beat the trap and found Josh Green for an easy layup on this possession. But the main goal of Toronto’s defense was to get Dončić rid of the ball and prevent him from finishing in the paint.

This meant players like Willey Cauley-Stein had the ball more in their hands than they usually do. Cauley-Stein had a usage rate of 20.9% in this game, almost double his season average of 12.9%.

This often resulted in missed shots:

Or in turnovers because the players had to take decisions and make plays that are not used to making:

Triangle-and-two defense

Because of the COVID-19 protocols, the Mavericks lack consistent shooting. End of bench players rarely have sharp shooters. But in rare cases where Toronto respected the best shooter in the lineup, the Raptors played a version of triangle-and-two defense. So, three-man in a zone, and have one player defend Dončić and the other best shooter man-to-man. In this clip, you can see Toronto guarding Dončić and Hardaway Jr. man-to-man, while the other three players are playing zone defense. Toronto was very aggressive doubling Dončić in almost all screening situations.

Watch Lowry here run to double-team Dončić even before the screen was set:

Double-teams in the post

One thing Dallas tried to counter box-and-one defense was to play Dončić in the post more. The post-up offense is an area where Dončić is excelling this season. Dallas often went to Dončić post-ups in sideline out of bounds plays, and out of the time out sets. However, Toronto doubled Dončić in all post-up situations, leaving Dallas perimeter shooters open. Sometimes it resulted in wide-open three-point field goals:

But more often, it resulted in missed three-point shots, as the Mavericks lacked competent three-point shooters:

Packing the paint in transition

Toronto packed the paint any time Dončić drove to the basket preventing him from finishing at the rim. As a counter, Dončić tried to attack the rim in early offense situations, before the Raptor’s box-and-one defense was set. But even in transition, Toronto would pack the paint with four defenders, leaving trailing Mavericks open on the three-point line. You can see four Raptors in the paint on this Dončić transition play:

Dončić managed to attack early again and score in transition on the next play:

Full-court press

Nurse threw another wrinkle after these two consecutive early offense attacks generated good looks for Dallas. After Dončić made the layup from the previous video clip, he pressured Dončić with a full-court press and doubled him at mid-court to get the ball out of his hands.

Why did it work?

The Mavericks roster is currently so depleted that end of rotation players are playing over their heads. Dallas lacks shooting to consistently punish defenses collapsing around Dončić. Having your best shooter in Hardaway Jr. goes 0 of 12 in this game made things even worse. It is very difficult for new lineups that didn’t practice together and were not meant to play together, to solve complex NBA defenses.

Things will be better soon, until then we hope this was a lesson learned, one that might come in handy in the future. You never know, Dallas could face the Raptors in the Finals one day.

90,000 External wiring in the apartment – the pros and cons of external wiring

Wires on the wall: we tell and show how to organize a beautiful and safe external electrical wiring in a modern apartment

Let’s start right away with a lyrical and technical digression, so that what will be discussed further in the article is clear. So: electrical wiring in residential premises is of two types – hidden (internal) and open (external, if you like).

Hidden wiring is when you can’t see the wires. They are walled up in wall cable ducts, hidden under a layer of plaster or behind plasterboard panels. All we see in this case are sockets, switches, luminaire holders and maybe junction box covers under the ceiling.

Open wiring is when everything is visible, or almost everything. In this case, the wires are routed over walls, ceilings or floors. They can be hidden in special cable channels and pipes, or they can be simply attached to the surface.It is about such an open wiring that we will talk.

Pros and cons of external wiring

Therefore, the first and main plus of external wiring in an apartment is the speed of its installation. For example, you can mount open wiring in a one-room apartment with your own hands, without much experience, in a couple of days. A professional hired electrician can handle it in five to six hours.

The second plus – for open wiring, you do not need to groove the walls, make channels in them for laying wires and sockets for sockets, switches and junction boxes, and then, after installation, re-plaster, paint or wallpaper the walls.

Third plus – open wiring is always available. You can repair the damaged area at any time or add some new elements to the wiring without much effort. For example, lead another branch to a new luminaire, install a new additional one, or move an old outlet to a different place. With hidden wiring, such a number will not work: you will have to hammer the walls.

But open wiring has its drawbacks.

The first minus is that open wiring is always in sight, and not in all interiors it looks harmonious.Unless you are doing the interior in country, retro, techno or steampunk style. In this case, open wiring can be a highlight.

The second disadvantage is that you need to clearly take into account the technical standards of the room in which you make open wiring. For example, in a bathroom, kitchen and other rooms with high humidity, even for hidden wiring, you need to use additional wire protection and install devices (switches, sockets) with a protection class of at least IP-44, and for open ones – at least IP-68.And they don’t always look pretty and attractive.

Requirements for external wiring in apartment

So, you still decided that bothering your neighbors with a hammer drill and hammering walls is a bad idea, and you chose the option with external wiring. Ok, then look, but rather write down the requirements for its installation in a notebook.

First of all, draw a diagram of the location of all the wiring lines. Typically, wires and cable ducts are oriented either vertically or horizontally with respect to walls, floor and ceiling.All other directions are prohibited by safety regulations.

On the diagram, indicate in detail and clearly all the places where you plan to install sockets, switches, junction boxes and other electrical appliances. Calculate the number of outlets and fixtures you need. For information on how to properly arrange sockets and other electrical appliances in an apartment, read the previous materials.

When drawing up a plan, keep in mind that the wiring lines should be located at a distance of 15 – 20 cm.from corners, window and doorways. Old standards recommend placing sockets at a height of 60 cm from the floor, and switches above 150 cm. The modern standard is for a switch 60 cm, for an outlet – 20 cm from floor level.

And here is the list of recommendations for laying external wiring, which follow from the rules for the installation and installation of electrical installations in residential and public buildings. If you are interested, you can find this serious technical document in full here, and we will voice only some of the points that relate to external wiring from it:

• Do not lay external wiring cables near heat emitters – batteries, heating elements.Wire insulation and plastic cable ducts will eventually deteriorate from heat.

• Do not run the wiring line under pipes where condensation can accumulate. For example, in the bathroom, kitchen or toilet, condensation on pipes with cold water is a frequent occurrence. Do you remember: water is the first enemy of electricity. Even a simple corrugated pipe or leaky cable duct may not be enough.

• Cable laid in wet areas must have additional protection.Double or even triple insulation will be just right.

• Do not connect wires inside ducts and pipes just like that. This should only be done in junction boxes.

• Place junction boxes where they can be easily reached in case of emergency. Use sealed boxes in wet areas. And in general, remember about the protection class, and put only waterproof electrical appliances in wet rooms.

• Do not strip wires unnecessarily.The insulation on the wire must be intact along its entire length, from the box to the outlet, switch or other box.

• If you are making open wiring without pipes and cable channels, then use special plastic brackets, matched to the diameter of the conductor, to fasten the wires and cables. These staples are available at any hardware store in the electrical department. The distance between the staples should not be too great, otherwise your wires will sag under their own weight.

• Place the brackets on either side of the wire. Retaining brackets are required near the points of connection to sockets and switches. If the power cable is laid horizontally, place the brackets no more than 40 cm apart, and for a vertical cable, no less than one meter.

• For thin wires, the distance between the staples is reduced: horizontally – every 25 cm, vertically – every 40 – 45 cm.The distance from the last bracket to the outlet or switch should not exceed 10 cm. Or better place the last bracket directly in front of them.

• Do not bend the wires unnecessarily. Try to make all turns and bends of the line with the help of junction boxes. If it does not work, see that the minimum bending radius of the wire is at least 3 – 5 cm.

• If the wiring does cross a non-electrical conduit, try to move them at least 3 to 5 cm apart from each other.At the intersection, drive the cable into additional protection, for example, into a piece of plastic pipe.

• To route the wiring through the wall, brick a piece of pipe into the wall and push the cable through it.

How to choose a cable for external wiring

The cable for external wiring in the apartment should be selected based on the electrical load. For simple lighting and household electrical appliances, a simple two- or three-core cable with copper or aluminum wires with a cross section of 2.5mm2 is quite enough.Powerful kitchen appliances and electric stoves are recommended to be connected to separate cables with wires with a cross section of at least 4 – 6 mm2. The wiring branch for such powerful equipment should be separate, and connected to a separate 25A automatic fuse in the switchboard. We have already talked in more detail about the electrical stuffing of the kitchen and the choice of electrical appliances for the bathroom in previous materials.

If you are faced with a choice of which wire to use for outdoor wiring, take the copper one:

• It is more ductile than aluminum, which means it is less likely to break during installation.

• Copper is more resistant to corrosion, copper wires oxidize more slowly.

• Copper wires will last longer than aluminum wires.

• Copper wire withstands a higher load than aluminum wire with the same cross section.

The best, in our opinion, is a cable made of twisted copper wires. Each core of such a wire consists of thin copper wires twisted into a kind of cable. It has excellent flexibility, comparable to a conventional cord, and bends well.Some brands of such twisted wire are downright designed for outdoor wiring in a retro style.

Open wiring in the interior

There are several ways to organize outdoor wiring in an apartment. You can use one method for the entire apartment, or you can combine it using different options in different rooms.

External wiring in cable duct

Cable track, or as it is also called, cable runner is a long plastic box with a cover that is attached to a wall or ceiling.All wiring is located inside it. Its width can be different, with several compartments for different groups of wires. On the market or in construction markets, you can buy cable channels for every taste: white, gray, dark or light wood.

The cable duct is usually terminated with a socket, switch, luminaire or junction box. In order to change the direction of the wire, special additional fittings are used: external and internal corners, adapters, plugs.

For classic interiors, wide plastic skirting boards with cable channels can be used. In this case, the sockets are placed at the level of the plinth or slightly higher. The wires to the lamps are hidden behind the skirting boards.

External wiring in pipes

The second way to organize external wiring is to lay the wires in special electrical pipes. Pipes can simultaneously be a protection for wires and cables, and an element of decor.

For example, in a loft or in a Scandinavian interior, this type of external wiring will look very cool.

Another place where outdoor wiring should be done in pipes is the bathroom. Due to the high humidity, you will have to close the beautiful wires in sealed pipes and use waterproof sockets, switches and junction boxes.

Outdoor wiring with open wire

A fashionable way to organize external wiring in an apartment is to make it in a retro style.Nowadays there are a lot of shops that sell all the necessary electrical appliances and accessories for retro wiring. There you can buy vintage outlets, junction boxes, switches, fabric-insulated wires and small porcelain insulators to attach to walls.

Such an outdoor retro wiring will fit very organically into apartments with country, Provence or shabby chic interiors.

Instead of a conclusion

As you can see, external wiring is not only a simple and quick way to organize electricity in an apartment, but also an opportunity to update the design with little effort.The power of style lies in the details.

More simple and effective ideas for home – in our newsletter. Subscribe and don’t miss anything interesting for sure.

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90,000 20 best ideas for masking wires, batteries and sockets – INMYROOM

Sticking wires, open sockets and bulky batteries inevitably spoil the whole picture of the interior, making it ugly and uncomfortable. It’s time to end this once and for all! Eliminate all imperfections in the apartment by implementing our ideas.

Wire as a decor item

Make it tangled under your feet
wire part of your interior, turning it into an original piece of decor.
To do this, simply wrap the wire with ribbons or thick rope. The main thing that
the color of the “wrapper” was combined with the interior palette.

Wall Art

Television wire is not easy to get rid of! But we have a way out – let your imagination run wild and
make the hated wire the basis of the artwork.By decorating the wall
drawings and photographs, you will not only hide the wire, but also give
interior zest.

Hide and Seek

Even the most stylish workplace can look messy with dozens of wires twisting underfoot. To solve
problem once and for all, cover the protruding wires with a panel or curtains.

Sly disguise

A wire from a table lamp so
and strives to get under your feet! Fortunately, it can be easily hidden behind a table leg,
attaching with clamps.

Panel made of wires

A long wire can become
spectacular wall panels. Shape and secure with clamps. On the
cities, animals and even abstract designs can come to life on your walls.

Wire fence

Another original method
hide a long wire – cover it with a decorative “fence”. Attach it
to the skirting board and forget about stray wires forever!

Behind the screen

Like a conspicuous wire,
the battery can easily spoil the look and style of the interior, which is especially
noticeably, for example, in the Khrushchevs.Cover the battery with the screen – and
problem solved! In addition, the battery can be used as an unusual bookshelf.

In one color

There is also a more budget option
to mask the battery. Just paint it to match the walls: taking over
the shade of the walls, the battery will not become a hindrance, but a beautiful continuation of the interior.

Out of sight!

Typically open sockets
inevitably spoil the look of the interior. To avoid this, buy special
outlet attachments that hide unsightly holes from your eyes.

Safety – first of all

Open sockets are harmful
not only for the interior, but also for your children. Protect your little ones by sealing the holes
special “plaster”. Now you can sleep soundly!

Practical cover

Sockets too high
Threatening Your Phone’s Life? Turn on your imagination and sew a practical cover from old
trousers. You can also make a cover from an empty shampoo package – now your gadget cannot fall.

Box with a surprise

Perhaps everyone is familiar
situation with discharged gadgets at the most inopportune moment.To do this
never happened again, put all the chargers in the desk drawer and store there
all gadgets.

In one place

Confusion of wires upset
more than a dozen nerves! In order not to get angry over trifles anymore, sign everything
cords and chargers. For convenience, you can give them a separate box.

Smart storage

Do not throw bushings away from
used toilet paper, because they are so convenient to store wires and
cables.No more confusion: sign the bushings and you won’t have to spend hours
look for the right wire.

Secret Book

A bulky router is easy
fits in an old book cover,
long since parted with pages of text. Book lovers will love it!

Pet

Numerous rosettes in the most inappropriate places can be beaten with stickers – this simple, but creative solution will definitely appeal to your children!

In the house

A fabulous mini-door, behind which the socket will hide, is a great reason to do handmade.By the way, a prerequisite for the implementation of this idea is not at all golden hands, but rather a desire to do something with them.

Art Object

Perhaps the easiest way to disguise unnecessary objects on your wall is to hide them under the painting. One movement of your hand – and you can easily reach the switch, and the rest of the time you will enjoy the picturesque canvas.

In its place

A bulky gray printer can ruin even the most elegant interior – allocate a drawer for it in the dresser! And nothing else will question your impeccable taste.

New role

Live playfully: turn a regular cable from your headphones or laptop into an electric one: decorative towers will help you.

9 bright ideas and universal tips

Get organized

Most of the time, cleaning is an easy and effective way to decorate your shelving. Stick to the “top and bottom” principle, according to which order should be primarily at eye level, below – heavy objects, and above – more decorative things.

Design: Bower Architecture

Even the most luxurious and expensive shelves can be spoiled by clutter, and vice versa, the simplest IKEA shelving will be worthy of a photo in an interior magazine, if you put things in order on the shelves and apply a few design tricks.

How to decorate open shelves

1. Place books in boxes and baskets

One way to decorate your bookshelf is to arrange them in low baskets and boxes.For example, sort them by author name or subject matter. This will make it easier to get the book off the shelf, including for dusting it.

Using this technique, experiment with arranging the volumes: covers up, or spines first.

Design: LiLu Interiors

Tip: Cardboard folders can be used to store two- and three-volume books, this will help in the visual organization of books and make the appearance of the shelving more effective.

2.Leave a few shelves empty

Sometimes it’s worth taking inspiration from emptiness to make your interior more interesting. This trick also works with open shelving décor. Leave some free space, this will add air and dynamics to the interior. In addition, empty shelves will help to separate accessories already placed from each other.

If you don’t have a lot of storage space and leaving empty space seems like a luxury to you, combine open and closed shelves with doors and drawers.For example, for IKEA shelving, you can purchase removable doors and insert boxes.

Photo: IKEA

3. Arrange items symmetrically to each other

One of the most effective and simple ways to make your shelving stylish is to use the “mirror principle” when the right side of the cabinet is symmetrical to the left. To do this, place on two single-level shelves the same or as similar as possible to each other in color and shape. Paired vases, baskets, boxes or candles will help with this.

Design: Sabal Homes

4. Hide the spines of the books

Option “not for everyone” – hide the spines of the books back to the wall of the rack. It looks impressive and will surely add zest to the room, as well as help create a monochrome interior.

Why not for everyone? First, this solution will not work for people with dust allergies. It is much easier to wipe the spines of books. Secondly, if you are an avid book reader, it will be inconvenient to select the next book, taking one by one from the shelf to see the title.

Design: Increation

Who might like it? The owners of large libraries who do not want to throw away ancient volumes, but will definitely not read all the collections in the near future. We also recommend trying the trick for those who like to experiment.

5. Create a structure in several rows

One of the simple and working design tricks is to arrange objects in several rows. For example, on stacks of books – small figurines or candles in candlesticks.This method makes small accessories more meaningful and noticeable.

Photo: IKEA

6. Use the front of the rack for decoration

We are used to the fact that framed photographs and small paintings are placed on the shelves, but we rarely see anyone hanging them on the front of the rack. At the same time, the shelves behind the picture or poster can be left empty or you can put not very aesthetic, but useful things. If you choose the second option, make sure that the objects covered by the painting can be easily reached.

Design: Paces Construction Co

7. Arrange books by color

Arranging books by spine color rather than alphabetically is a way to make your home library stand out. The technique is suitable not only for owners of a large number of books: you can simply fill one shelf with colored collected works, and the other with black and white.

Tip: You can not only place books, but also stack them on top of each other.

Design: Kropat Interior Design

8.Avoid items that are too small

Very small items are unlikely to add beauty to your shelving, but rather create a visual clutter. Large items will help hide the variegated spines of books and chaos on the shelves, drawing the eye to themselves.

Design: Jonathan Raith

9. Make beautiful installations with your own hands

If you are a fan of small accessories, for example, bring shells from vacation or grow succulents, create beautiful compositions out of them.Place seashells in glass vases or aquariums, and small plants in candlesticks or decorative lanterns.

Photo: urbanoutfitters.com

Universal Tips for Beautiful Shelving

1. Use the Triangle Rule when arranging items. Place objects so that you can visually draw lines with your eyes and find the top of the triangle. The imaginary figure can be of any size.
2. Arrange books in descending order of height.
3. Store magazines together, do not distribute them to separate shelves, this will create visual clutter.
4. Use accessories for storage: decorative boxes or baskets, you can put the necessary little things there without creating chaos on the shelf.

Open shelving is a showcase for your home. She should attract attention and decorate the interior.

Design: Shanade McAllister-Fisher Interior Design

how to arrange a doorway without doors

Passages between rooms are often made open to emphasize the spaciousness of large houses and visually increase the area of ​​small ones.We will tell you how to decorate a doorway beautifully and functionally.

We design an empty opening without doors

How to expand the opening

Dimensions

Design options

Finishing and cladding

Decor ideas

Curtains and curtains

Before the complete or partial demolition of the supporting structures, it is imperative to consult with specialists. In an apartment building, you should start with the management company, in a private one – with the BTI.They will tell you whether it is possible to do this at all, whether additional reinforcement is required.

The most common solution is to partially or completely remove the partition between the living room and kitchen, kitchen and dining room, bedroom and loggia, kitchen and balcony, corridor and dressing room, hallway and living room.

Advantages and disadvantages of the solution

Among the advantages are improved ventilation, as well as a functional increase in area – a utility room can be connected to the main room.These pluses easily turn into minuses. Too good ventilation causes drafts. The smell from the kitchen spreads throughout the house. Curtains perfectly absorb airborne grease, retains dust and needs to be washed frequently.

Non-standard solution is an undoubted plus, but it also has its downside. The interior of the apartment must be consistent with the same style. This can be difficult to achieve, but otherwise disharmony will result.

The main disadvantages are poor sound insulation and the inability to retire when necessary.It is worth noting that hanging the drapery is much easier than installing a box and adjusting the sash.

Suitable aisle dimensions

To a large extent, the dimensions are determined by the parameters of the rooms. Competently calculated width and height allow you to visually correct room imperfections. For example, wide aisles, especially with gentle arches, will make an apartment with a low ceiling more spacious, while narrow ones, on the contrary, will squeeze an already tiny space.

In any case, the entrance should not be lower than 2 m, and if it is an arch, it is better to place it higher so that the narrow parts of the arch are above the level of the shoulders and head.If the owner of the apartment wants to combine the two zones to the maximum, then the entrance can be made almost to the very ceiling.

The size of the asymmetrical arch depends on the intricacy of the shape. The more complicated it is, the wider the passage should be, so that the pile of decorations on a small structure does not add pretentiousness to it. Textured decor sometimes works positively for optical narrowing.

The shape can be triangular, rectangular or round, complex or simple.To create a semicircular vault, you don’t have to gouge the walls. Bezels have been around for a long time. These are polyurethane elements that smooth out right angles, giving the desired roundness.

Rectangular

Suitable for apartments with low ceilings. They are the easiest to do. After removing the door and dismantling the box, the surface of the walls along the perimeter is leveled, plastered, puttyed. To avoid excess dirt, you can do it easier – sheathe it with drywall, although it is desirable to putty it.

The choice of the putty depends on the further finishing. Acrylic is strong and holds heavy decor well, and gypsum is excellent sanding and suitable for painting.

Rounded

Round openings are a classic, suitable for any interior. In order to visually maintain the proportions of the room, if the ceiling is too high, the span must be made as wide as possible.

But there are also non-standard designs: Venetian, with a trefoil, with “shoulders” and others.And they already need to be selected for a specific situation. As a rule, they are suitable for classic and oriental interiors.

Lancet

Such openings are a reference not only to the theme of the East, but also to the Middle Ages, in particular to the Gothic, because the vault resembles a pointed dome. There are a lot of types of designs and they are also demanding on style. Designers do not recommend them for rooms with low ceilings.

Trapezoidal arches are also found – a broken structure created from several straight lines intersecting at obtuse and right angles.Not all designers love her because of the funeral-themed associations.

Asymmetric

As a rule, such arches have one side straight, and the other with a rounded vault. Although there are no rules here – every designer creates as he wishes. The only limitation is the wall material in which it is planned to place the fantasy arch: it can be made only in a plasterboard partition or assembled from separate slats.

To understand how to decorate a doorway without a door, you need to decide on the decoration of the premises.Since it faces two rooms at once, you need to consider how it will look from both sides, not forgetting the style and color nuances.

Wood and MDF

Wood trim is used in most historic styles. For these purposes, oak, ash, hornbeam and pine are most often used. Parts are sold ready-made, fastened with nails or self-tapping screws. A substitute for natural wood can be MDF – a material made of pressed fibers. The panels are fixed with glue or liquid nails.How to arrange a doorway in this way, look at the photo.

Stucco

Polyurethane is a flexible and dense material from which the arch frame is often made. It also allows you to create an imitation of expensive plaster moldings. Installation is carried out using special glue. Polyurethane can also be used to create columns on the sides of a doorway.

Polymer stucco molding does not break, it is well cut, it is friendly with any assembly glue. Gypsum is nobler, but heavier and cannot withstand falls, so you need to work with it very carefully.In addition, special glue or plaster mortar is required for installation.

The surface can be left white or painted.

Stone and tiles

Stone cladding is much heavier than wood or polyurethane. Before starting work, the walls are leveled with putty. The choice of glue depends on the weight of the stone: for light slabs, liquid glue is suitable, for heavy ones, a solution of cement, glue, lime and sand is prepared. The cladding starts at the bottom and gradually rises, allowing the bonding agent to dry.Each element must be held against the wall until it grabs. Excess must be removed immediately if it comes to the surface, otherwise it can ruin the final look.

Inlays made of wood or plastic, inserted between rows of tiles, will help to maintain the same thickness of the joints. They can be easily removed after the composition has dried.

Seams are decorated with grout, and the entire composition – with a composition that gives shine. Artificial stone and clinker are highly durable, but their natural counterparts have much higher strength.For interior partitions, they may be too heavy. Most often, the edges of the masonry are made uneven, torn, creating deliberate negligence and the effect of antiquity, which looks advantageous in contrast in modern interiors.

Plaster and paint

Plaster is easy to decorate a doorway with your own hands. Its installation does not require any special skills. Before applying it, the base of the arch is leveled and treated with a primer. The paint is applied after drying. The relief depends on the shape and surface of the roller used.

Plastic panels

The panels bend well and fit easily even on non-standard shapes. The cover is attached with glue. The ready-made set consists of six platbands (there are three of them on each side – on top and on the sides) and three extensions. Top elements are not only flat, but also suitable for arches. If necessary, they can be easily cut with a hacksaw.

Corners live in tough operation due to high traffic and need a high-quality finish. Plastic cannot boast of durability, but with careful attitude, it will last a long time.Among its advantages are ease of maintenance, the presence of grooves for wires, a variety of colors and imitation of textures.

Gypsum plasterboard

GKL is durable, easy to install and easy to cut with a knife. It has good adhesion to any adhesives. They are sheathed with a frame made of a metal or wooden profile. The frame is fixed to the walls and ceiling. It can have any configuration. Its strength depends on the thickness of the profile and the distance between the prefabricated elements. The profile bends and cuts easily.Sheets are installed on self-tapping screws. The seams between them are putty.

Stone, clinker, wood, MDF panels, simple painting or wallpapering are suitable for many styles: eco, scandi, loft, minimalism, ethno, country, kitsch and others. True, the last two finishes look neat only with perfectly smooth walls. Most of all, this applies to painting, which emphasizes any irregularities, especially in the presence of decorative lighting.

• You can hang closed or open shelves along the entire contour, and put shelves.Thus, you get additional space for storing things, books, knickknacks.
• If the arch is made of drywall, you can make through windows, niches, shelves for flowers or accessories a few centimeters from the aisle.
• The pompousness of the interiors will be added by facing the openings on the sides with plaster bas-reliefs, and on top – with a sandrick, that is, a slightly protruding cornice.
• On the slopes, you can add spotlights, LED strip or ready-made lighting for furniture.
• Slopes can be decorated with platbands and platbands, which are made of wood, MDF and PVC panels. Together, they give a finished look and expressiveness to the entire structure and can serve as one of the accents in the interior. Dobors are available with and without grooves. The first type is preferable, since the joints between the planks will turn out to be hardly noticeable and do not require careful adjustment. Platbands are very different. Often they are made of wood, after pretreating it with insect repellents, microorganisms and fires.This material is unlikely to soon cease to be a favorite of designers and homeowners, it is very practical, aesthetic, environmentally friendly and versatile.

Not every room can be left open. A bathroom, for example, or a nursery need intimacy. Someone can add their office to this list if the workflow requires silence, but for someone it is fundamentally to get rid of unnecessary sounds in the bedroom.

However, even in this case, you can play with different solutions.If the noise level does not matter, but you just want to isolate yourself from the eyes, you can use screens or curtains (both dense and not so). They will divide the room, but they will look easier than doors and take up less space. In addition, one and the other type of fabric can be quickly removed and completely free the passage. At the same time, the appearance will not be affected: there will be no loops and traces of locks on it.

It is advisable to leave the passage free. The fabric can interfere, cling, get dirty. If you fix it with grabs during the day, you get a beautiful frame.It is good when the curtains are designed to match the curtains or curtains on the windows. By the way, thick fabric can trap odors from the kitchen, but it will often have to be washed or dry-cleaned.

Blinds cope with the task no worse than curtains. And also their vertical stripes raise the ceiling (horizontal, respectively, push the walls apart) and perfectly complement the modern interior with their strict geometry.

We told you how to decorate a doorway beautifully. The main thing is that the finish is environmentally friendly, does not cause allergies and looks good.

• Material prepared by:
  Natalia Utochkina

How to connect the wires correctly? | Electrician Notes

Hello, dear readers and guests of the Electrician Notes website.

Today I will tell you how to connect the wires correctly.

The fact is that 70% of errors during the installation of electrical wiring occur in this area. After all, all of you, probably, have heard such a statement that “Electrics is the science of contacts”. One of my readers added to this statement that “When necessary, he is not. When it is not necessary, it is there. ”

Most often, problems with electricity arise due to poor contact (or lack thereof) in junction boxes or electrical points (sockets, lamps, switches), as well as due to overloading of electrical wiring lines.The latter reason is the result of powerful modern electrical appliances (kettle, microwave oven, hob, refrigerator, washing machine, etc.).

Let’s answer this common question. How to connect the wires correctly so that there is a good and high-quality contact. At this time, the following wire connections are most common:

• stranding
• crimping
• welding
• soldering
• screw connections
• bolted connections
• self-tightening couplings (WAGO)

Now let’s look at each type of connection.

Twist

Twisting is the simplest and most common type of wire connection. We will not take anything out of our heads, but turn to the normative document – PUE – 7th edition. Clause 2.1.21 of Chapter 2 clearly states that:

PUE, clause 2.1.21. Connection, branching and termination of conductors of wires and cables should be carried out by means of crimping, welding, soldering or clamps (screw, bolt, etc.) in accordance with the current instructions, approved in the prescribed manner.

Thus, according to the PUE – TWISTING IS FORBIDDEN !!!

There is a logical explanation for this. Over time, due to temperature changes and linear expansion, a gap appears between the wires to be connected in the twist. Accordingly, the contact resistance increases, it begins to heat up, oxidize and, as a result, can either disappear altogether, or lead to disastrous consequences, up to a fire.

I recommend reading about this in more detail in my article about the case of a bad (weakened) contact in the outlet and its consequences, which occurred on one of the control panels.

Pressing

Crimping is the connection of conductors of wires and cables by crimping the connecting sleeve using a special tool (press tongs). This connection method is one of the most reliable and high-quality, meeting the requirements of regulatory documents.

How to make the correct crimping? For this we need:

• Connecting sleeve (hollow copper or aluminum tube, depending on the wire material to be connected)
• to correctly select the sleeve by the inner diameter (for this there are special catalogs and instructions, or you can consult the store)
• special tool – press pliers (use of other tools, such as pliers, is prohibited)

Work steps:

• stripping the wire along the length of the sleeve (using a special stripping tool such as Knipex or an assembly knife)
• we place the wires inside the sleeve (you can first twist)
• are crimped with special pressing tongs
• insulate connection

You can read more about crimping in the article: How to use a crimping sleeve and a heat-shrinkable tube.

For connecting insulated sleeves (GSI) I use EGI-60 pressing tongs.

For larger sections, I have such a hydraulic press. I will write a detailed article about him sometime – subscribe to the newsletter.

Welding

Welding is the connection of conductors of wires and cables by the method of contact heating of their ends with an electrode (carbon) until a contact point (ball) is formed. This connection method is one of the most reliable and high-quality, meeting the requirements of regulatory documents, but requires certain skills in working with welding equipment.

How to weld wires correctly? For this we need:

• welding transformer (power not less than 1 kW, output voltage up to 24 V)
• carbon electrode
• special flux (to protect the melt from oxygen)
• welding glasses
• leather gloves for welding

Work steps:

• remove the insulation from the wire by 40-50 (mm)
• with sandpaper we protect the wire core to a shine
• do the twist
• pour flux into the recess of the electrode and lower our twist, pressing it firmly to the electrode
• we turn on the welding transformer into the network
• the ends of the strands of our strands will be fused into a “ball” (contact point)
• after the junction has hardened, remove the electrode
• we clean the resulting “ball” from the flux with a metal brush
• varnish compound
• insulate connection

It turns out something like this.

As you can see, it turns out almost a solid wire, i.e. the smallest contact resistance.

For the sake of experiment, you can try to measure the contact resistance of different ways of connecting wires and make sure of what has been said.

Soldering

Soldering is a connection of wires and cables with molten solder. This connection method meets the requirements of regulatory documents, but requires certain work skills.Soldering guarantees a durable contact with good conductivity. But its use is limited due to mechanical or thermal effects.

Read the article on why soldering wire connections should be avoided.

How to solder wires correctly? For this we need:

• tin-lead solder (POS)
• flux – rosin
• core brush
• sandpaper
• soldering iron

Work steps:

• remove the insulation from the wire by 40-50 (mm)
• with sandpaper we protect the wire core to a shine
• select the type of core connection (according to the table below)
• bring the solder to the tip of the soldering iron
• We heat the twist so that the molten solder flows into the twist
• after the soldering has hardened, wash the soldering site with alcohol
• insulate connection

Here is an example of soldering multiple wires together.

Soldering is used to connect copper wires and cables. But when using special solders, you can solder the conductors of wires and cables made of aluminum.

Screw connections

Screw connections of conductors of wires and cables

can be used to bond different metals such as copper to aluminum. They are very widely used for connecting wires to lamps or chandeliers.

And most importantly, the screw connections meet the requirements of the normative documents.

Here is an example of using screw terminal blocks to connect wires in a junction box, but I do not support this method.

I would like to add that this type of connection has the only drawback – periodically, the screws in the terminals need to be squeezed (property of “fluidity” of aluminum) in order to improve the contact.

In my work, I use screw contact clamps of the ZVI-3 type (0.75-4 sq. Mm).

When using stranded conductors of wires and cables, you need to use special lugs for crimping or solder the ends of the wires.

Some screw terminal blocks (clamps) are equipped with a shaped washer or washer with an asterisk, which prevents the core from being squeezed out of the terminal block and provides reliable constant pressure on the core of the wire and cable.

There is a wide variety of terminal blocks with screw connection of conductors of wires and cables on the market at this time.

Bolted connections

Bolted connections of wires and cables can be used to connect different metals (copper and aluminum), but for this you need to lay a steel washer between them.

This connection is not inferior to screw connections, but it is bulky, therefore it is difficult to fit in the junction (soldering) box and more insulating material is required.

Self-tightening joints

Today one of the most common types of wire and cable conductor connections. Its main advantage is simplicity, convenience and speed of installation. And also does not require special skills and devices. An example of this type of connection are WAGO terminal blocks.

WAGO terminal blocks are available in a variety of series and versions: the number of connected cores from 2 to 8, cross-section from 0.75 to 4 sq. mm.

In some Vago terminals (2273-244 series) there is a special contact paste that prevents oxidation of aluminum conductors. With these terminals, you can connect conductors of different materials, for example, copper and aluminum.

How reliable do you think WAGO terminals are?

In this article, we have learned how to properly connect the wires of the electrical wiring.In the next article I will tell you about the color coding of wires.

P.S. All connections of conductors of wires and cables must be taken seriously, because the operation of all electrical wiring of your apartment, house or object depends on it.

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How to impress customers with original packaging of goods. Packaging rules for various categories of goods

Hello!

One of the ways to increase the sales of an online store is to use the original packaging for the product.The original design of the box, label and other elements (for example, scotch tape) play an important role in increasing brand awareness and identification. Yes, creating your own packaging is an additional cost. But they will pay off handsomely.

Let us tell you why.

Researchers have found that when a customer evaluates the product itself (especially at the first purchase), 70% of the experience depends on what kind of packaging they have.

Just one example. Nike launched the sale of Nike Air sneakers not in traditional boxes, but in a plastic bag, inflated with air.

Nike Air Pack

Such packaging killed three birds with one stone:

• The company showed its product, literally, with its face: unusual packaging attracts attention.
• Emphasized the name Air, which is not just a beautiful word, but a designation of a special quality of sneakers – their “airiness”.
• Made shipping easier as the sneakers have a completely transportable package.

Your main task is to surprise the customer and make him remember your brand for a long time.

Shorr Packaging Corp found that for more than half of its customers, individual packaging adds value to the product. The first impression about the product (and the seller) is formed in 100 milliseconds. It is the packaging that gives the customer the first tactile experience with your brand.

Another important point. Premium shoppers who spend hefty amounts on online purchases are 15% more likely to repeat purchases precisely because of the attractive packaging and the ability to use it for photos on social networks.Remember how, during the release of the iPhone X, empty smartphone boxes were actively sold on the Web. This is a good example when packaging worked for the image.

Thus, the creation of original packaging can be seen not as another cost item, but as a marketing investment.

How to create optimal packaging?

1. Determine what your target audience might like

You can develop an expensive superbox-constructor, but it will be unnecessary for your customers.Your customers may be interested in the environmental friendliness of packaging, the ability to use it in everyday life, including for children’s games, strength, which guarantees that the goods arrive safe and sound (this applies to fragile goods). Or, on the contrary, lightness: the ability to quickly open and dispose of the box.

The main thing is that the packaging should evoke only positive emotions.

Those who decide to get involved should have a special attitude to packaging. Develop a corporate identity so that your boxes are recognized: then they will work for your image.

The packaging design can and should be changed: in accordance with the season, holidays, customer status (for example, for regular customers, you can enter “golden” gift boxes and so on). This is a huge scope for imagination. The main thing is to choose the right direction.

Publication from Funnysocks.ru (@funnysocks_ru) Dec 14, 2017 at 7:27 PST

2. Calculate the budget

Calculate how much the original packaging will increase the price of your goods. You might want to consider a side-by-side option: Sell holiday packaging or designer boxes separately.

You can also pack the product in a “special way” as a reward: new customers, those who purchase products for a certain amount, and so on. But in this case, your packaging must have some value. The easiest option is to be functional so that the buyer can use it after receiving the goods.

Box that can be used as a jewelry box, by designer Gaba Guzik

The original packaging can serve as the basis for many promotions.Announce a competition for the most original photo with your box. Or invite your customers to show them how they use your packaging in their daily lives. Contests like these can easily go viral and quickly spread across social media. This is a great way to promote your brand.

Learn how other online retailers pack goods. But do not repeat, do better! If it turns out that no one in your niche makes original packaging, manages with standard bags and boxes, you have a chance to win the eternal race for customers thanks to the facts voiced above.

In any case, don’t go after super original designs. The packaging should have been logical. Bright or, on the contrary, pastel colors, fonts, pictures, form, original printing stamps, information posted: all this should be combined with the product, harmonize with it.

4. Consider how packaging can emphasize the value of the product

You can place your slogan, wishes for the holidays, various appeals, useful information related to the product on the packaging.And even just a funny picture to enhance your mood. In any case, the main goal is for your customer to see the value of your product and forever associate this feeling with your brand.

5. Highlight product feature

As with the Nike Air, you can try to emphasize the features of your product. If the product is somehow related to the environment, use green colors. If you are selling something original, bright, you can play on contrast: choose a white or black box and play it up in an advertising campaign (discover brightness for yourself).

The Internet is a wonderful place filled with resources and inspiration for people interested in packaging design. But sometimes too many choices can be confusing, so we’ve put together the best packaging design resources for you to help you really tackle this daunting task.

Designspiration brings together all kinds of creative ideas. Created by Shelby White, Designspiration is a hub for collecting and sharing ideas, including a range of interesting and innovative packaging designs.

Packaging World is a great resource for packaging and manufacturing automation professionals. It is updated daily with interesting articles on inspirational packaging ideas, equipment and materials, and is a great way to stay up to date with the latest packaging news from around the world.

This brilliant blog covers the very best of packaging design, news and articles from around the world. It is not updated on a regular basis, but everything posted here is definitely worth a look.

If you can’t resist the great packaging, then you should definitely check out this awesome blog. Lovely Package showcases some of the world’s leading packaging designs, covering everything from wine and beer bottles to toothpaste and kitchenware. The site has work from both professionals and students, and with over 300 pages of projects to browse, you are sure to find inspiration here.

The Brand Experience, or BXP for short, is a fantastic resource for designing all things.The site features the work of designers from all over the world, the latest industry news, upcoming events in this area, a resource section and much more. What else you need?

Packaging design resource The Retail design blog has a huge archive of packaging design projects to inspire you. Here you will find everything from exquisite alcohol branding to luxury chocolate packaging.

If you are looking for packaging design inspiration, the Packaging design archive is worth a look.It contains every kind of design you can think of, and this expansive packaging catalog is a brilliant resource for designers. Projects are organized by category, and the site also has a handy sidebar that allows you to search by the type of design you want, including identification by type, shape, and more.

With hundreds of thousands of inspiring images in its archive, Pinterest just couldn’t help but be included in this list.Just enter “packaging design” into your keyword search and see which artworks are shown to you. As you scroll down the page, you will be amazed at the sheer number of projects of all kinds on a seemingly endless page.

If you need inspiration or information on packaging design, Dieline is a great place to start. Founded in 2007, the site aims to define and promote the best of the packaging design world. Dieline is incredibly easy to navigate and has a catalog that is an inspiring library of different designs.

Brand New focuses exclusively on corporate and corporate identity work, and includes an extensive library of inspiring packaging designs. But this is not just a demo site: many of the designs featured here are detailed, and experts give their opinion on how and why each concept works.

Ambalaj is actually the personal site of packaging designer Cristina de Verdier. However, if you want to see some inspiring examples of packaging designs, then you should definitely read the blog.In it, De Verdier carefully selected new works from around the world, describing them on her website as “Material innovation, sustainable information, structural packaging, graphic design, and beautiful brand stories.”

Packaging of the World is a creative design gallery showcasing the most exciting and creative work from around the world. This site is really well organized, where you can search for projects by category, country, student work, most popular, and so on.That is why it is suitable for everyone. A bright resource in the field of packaging design!

Looking for packaging inspiration? Then be sure to check out Packaging UQAM, a French site that has brought together amazing packaging. Here you will find creative solutions and many other unusual products. This is the place to drop in if you want to discover original ideas.

BP&O is a blog created by British freelance designer and editor for The Dieline, Richard Byrd, who specializes in branding and packaging.Byrd selects recently created projects, gives a short background story, and shares his thoughts, as well as opinions on each of them. An excellent site for finding new jobs from all over the world.

Behance’s online portfolio excels in all types of packaging design. Here you’ll find a variety of packaging design projects created by designers of all skill levels, from footwear and pharmaceutical design to alcohol to electrical products.

Most of the goods are transported, stored and delivered to the buyer in individual packaging.Therefore, this element is of great importance in the sales process.

Packaging
– a tool that is designed to protect the product from the negative effects of the environment and to make the transportation process, storage and subsequent sale the most comfortable. In addition, the quality of product packaging plays a very important role.

What kind of packaging is there

The type of packaging is directly dependent on the material used and its stability, that is, its inherent qualities that help the safety of the product. Product packaging is divided into the following categories
:

1. Rigid packing

It is additionally subdivided into:

• metal;
• of glass material;
• made of wood;
• of materials exhibiting polymer properties;
• semi-rigid;
• cardboard;
• of materials with combined properties.

1. Flexible packaging

Subdivided into:

• polymeric;
• paper;
• fabric.

The packaging has different shapes. The following categories are distinguished here:

• tank;
• barrel;
• basket;
• box;
• banks;
• bottle and others.

Gradation of the possibility of cargo transportation distinguishes the following containers:

• large-sized;
• medium-sized;
• small-sized.

And the last division – by the frequency of application. The following options are distinguished here:

• disposable;
• reusable.

Classification and characteristics of product packaging

The classification is carried out into several groups
:

1. the place where the packaging was made;
2. purpose;
3. material used;
4. form;
5. carrying capacity and dimensions;
6. frequency of application.

Depending on where the packaging is made, the following varieties are distinguished
:

• packaging in production;
• retail packaging.

The first option is used exclusively in industrial environments. The second type of packaging is made by the seller himself.

According to the purpose, the packaging is divided into
:

• consumer;
• transport.

Consumer packaging is intended for small batches of products. This option characterizes the preliminary packaging of products either by the manufacturer or by the seller himself, who sets certain quantitative characteristics.

For products with a liquid consistency, the use of consumer packaging is an indispensable condition in the process of retail sale. The sale of a product of this type can be made in a poured form, placed in a consumer package, by the manufacturer itself, or released in a container provided by the buyer.

The term “consumer packaging” hides
:

Transport packaging is necessary for the organization of the transportation process and the sale of wholesale lots.This type of packaging covers the following categories:

• Tanks of any type, barrels and others. They are used to transport products in a liquid state.
• Container, box and others. They are used for transportation of products either packaged in individual containers, or in bulk.
• Bag of various materials. Used to transport bulk products.

Marking

Marking – text, symbol or drawing applied to the product itself or packaging material.With its help, all the necessary information is communicated regarding the identification, properties, manufacturer, as well as the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the product.

The key tasks of marking are
i:

1. informational;
2. identifying;
3. emotional.

The informational task performed by marking belongs to the main one. It is she who brings to the consumer all the main characteristics of the product.

The identifying component is also quite important.It is she who makes it possible to track a batch of goods during its movement.

Emotional and motivational functions are closely related. Since the brightly executed design of the labeling, the available explanatory text, the use of understandable and generally accepted symbols cause a positive emotional mood in the buyer, and, therefore, have a motivational effect, contributing to the purchase of goods.

Marking is divided into the following types
:

• production;
• trading.

Markings, regardless of their type, must meet certain standards. For commercial type markings, the standards are not as clear as for the production type. You can learn more about them in the Rules for the sale of goods.

Marking of any type must meet the established requirements
:

• the text field or picture in the marking must be clearly visible;
• clarity;
• the text must correspond to the consumer qualities of the product;
• reliability of information;
• Application of indelible paints approved for use by the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision.

Production marking – text, symbol or drawing applied to packaging material or the product itself directly by manufacturing organizations.

Manufacturing markings: media

Production-type markings can be applied to the following surfaces:

• label;
• trolley;
• insert and others.

It is customary to apply labels by typographic method.Sometimes they become an autonomous information source and are simply applied to products. In particular, industrially packaged goods have a label with information printed on it. Tin cans are labeled differently: the label is simply glued to the surface of the container. Often the label is attached to the food itself, such as the bottom of a saucepan.

Trolley is a variation of the classic label. It has a special shape and is attached to the neck of the bottle.This type of marking does not carry a lot of information, but rather is just a decoration. Collier is used for labeling alcoholic and non-alcoholic products. Always used in conjunction with a classic label. Quite often, there is no informational text at all on the necklace.

Structural content of marking

Three elements can be included in the marking structure:

• description text;
• picture;
• informative symbols.

In percentage terms, it looks like this:

• from fifty to one hundred percent – assigned to the text;
• up to fifty percent – image;
• no more than thirty percent of the total area is allocated to information signs.

Basic information is contained in the text of the label. It usually takes over all the key labeling functions.

Drawing is an optional part of product labeling.It is most often used in the production labeling of goods.

Packing elements

The following parts are distinguished, which are used in the process of packaging the product:

• containers;
• material used in the packaging process;
• Material to help secure packing material.

Containers are a key element of the packaging process and represent the product in which the product is passed on to the customer. The container can take part in the implementation process not only in combination with the product, but also as a separate unit.

The assortment of containers used for the transportation of goods is steadily increasing due to the introduction of the latest types. This allows you to significantly expand the boundaries of its application, so its importance for the successful implementation of the trade and technological process is becoming more and more significant.

The container takes on a number of functions. These are:

• safety of goods, that is, ensuring the transported products protection from the influence of the external environment and vice versa, protecting the environment from the negative effects of the transported product;
• protection of a product from the influence that other goods may have;
• ensuring the safety of the product along the entire route;
• Providing the goods with the necessary mobility, which greatly simplifies the warehousing processes;
• Creation of comfortable conditions during the acceptance of products, as well as counting its quantity;
• taking on the role of a carrier of informational advertisements;
• The use of containers not only as a means of transportation, but also for placing the product in the consumer hall.

Packing products in smaller containers makes the sales process easier, and also contributes to the growth of labor productivity.

Packaging materials
is an additional piece of packaging that provides additional protection against various external influences.

Dressings are necessary to increase the strength of the container used.

Packing rules for various categories of goods

The packaging of the goods obliges you to comply with certain rules and apply the appropriate packaging option.

Rigid container

1. Rigid packaging option perfectly protects the goods from any mechanical impact that may arise during transportation or storage. This greatly improves the safety of the product.
2. Certain types of containers after the sealing process do not allow air, pathogenic microflora, to influence the stored product. In addition, they also prevent microbiological deterioration.
3. A container made of metal or dark glass protects the product from exposure to sunlight, which significantly accelerates the oxidation process, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of the product.

But, despite such significant advantages, this packaging option demonstrates a number of disadvantages: a rather high specific weight and high cost. Taken together, this contributes to an increase in packaging costs included in production costs, and reduces the resulting profit.

Semi-rigid packaging

This version differs from the previous one in lower weight and volume. Empty packaging is easily stored by stacking one container in another, which greatly simplifies the transportation process.The price of this type of packaging is relatively low. This is due to the use of secondary materials in the production process.

For packing in this type of container, goods are suitable that are relatively resistant to various types of mechanical stress. But this type of packaging is not mechanically stable enough, therefore, when transporting goods, it is necessary to use additional means to prevent mechanical stress. This is compliance with height norms for loading, the use of additional materials used as gaskets, and others.

When these rules are followed, this type of packaging ensures the proper presentation of the product.

Flexible packaging

This option is only suitable for groups of products resistant to possible mechanical stress. Or it needs additional use of the types of containers presented above.

Goods packed in this type of container, in a situation where mechanical impact has occurred, can either deform or completely collapse.

Due to the low level of protection of the product from environmental influences, this version of the container is used for the transportation of a limited list of products.

Packaging – part of the marketing policy

Packaging is one of the most important parts. It takes on the role of an information tool that conveys all the necessary information to the consumer audience. That is why value of product packaging
is large enough and specialists are very carefully working out this part of the general marketing activities.

Analysis of product packaging
proves that it takes on the function of a merchandise brand identifier. She sets the necessary parameters of the product when she herself cannot do it. The development of individual packaging allows products to stand out among their kind and make it not only recognizable, but also memorable.

I like to learn everything new, interesting and unusual. And also – wrap yourself up in a warm blanket, take hot cocoa and tell you about the latest developments in the financial market, hot stories from the offices of bank consultants and other interesting things.

Similar materials

Today’s material will be of interest, first of all, to owners and managers. In addition, it will be useful for courier services that deliver goods from online stores. We will tell you about the packaging of goods. It would seem such a simple question. But, believe me, the future of your project depends on how you answer it. For some reason, the opinion in society has become stronger that product packaging is just a decoration, a marketing device, if you like, a way to attract the attention and interest of the client.That is, the owners of online stores think approximately along the following lines – “we will pack the goods beautifully, the client will be satisfied, which means he will order more from us”.

In fact, the primary purpose of any packaging is to ensure the safety and integrity of the goods themselves during transportation. This is the main function of all these bags, multilayer papers, “popping” (“anti-stress”) films, boxes, wooden boxes, plastic boxes, etc. Yes, they can make the product look even more presentable.But most importantly, they protect the product. If the product is well protected, then the client will receive it safe and sound. It is this that can affect future orders, and not some beautiful packaging.

The question arises -? In fact, the choice depends on many factors, be it the distance of the addressee or the type of product. Read on to find out how to choose the right packaging for a given situation.

Do you always need packaging?

First of all, you need to understand one simple thing.You need to pack not only goods that do not have a factory container, but also those that are already in a branded box. It would seem, why pack a food processor or laptop? After all, they already have all the necessary protection. They are boxed by the manufacturer. On the one hand, it is. But, on the other hand, such packaging may not be enough for safe transportation.

An online store does not always have its own responsible delivery. Third party and shipping companies may damage the package during delivery.They have to repeatedly load / unload goods, carry them on ships, planes, trains, cars. Anything can happen during the journey. What can we say about delivery by Russian Post?

To avoid unpleasant situations, you need to take a responsible approach to the issue of packaging. Remember. You need to pack even those goods that already have a production container. This rule is almost always relevant. An exception is the delivery of goods around the city by your own courier service. Although here it is necessary to take into account the fact that not all customers will like the fact that their new smartphone or expensive tablet was transported simply in an open “ruble” package.

Protection against unscrupulous deliveries

Regardless of the type of goods, the chosen delivery service and the distance of the client, the parcel must be reliably protected from third parties. Those who want to look inside, and even pull out something “unnecessary”. This practice is ubiquitous. To protect their parcels from unscrupulous suppliers, online stores use the following control and protection methods.

Firstly, it is weighing the packed goods with an accuracy of the gram.This allows you to control the order at every stage. You only need to weigh the packaging with the product after each procedure. The parcel reached the checkpoint – weighed it. Is the weight the same as before departure? So, we carry on. If the weight is unexpectedly reduced, there is a reason for additional verification. Thus, you can control the safety of the parcel at every stage and track fraudulent activity in time.

Secondly, you can use packaging that cannot be opened accurately and without a trace.There are special safe-packages, which, during opening, “reveal” a warning message that the package is damaged. There are also boxes of special design that cannot be opened without violating their integrity. In other words, to get to the goods inside, you need to break the box. A very good and effective solution.

Thirdly, you should always use high quality branded adhesive tape when packing goods. That is, the online store must have a packaging tape with its own design.Thus, you will have to cut or tear the tape to open the box. But it will not be possible to glue it exactly the same. That is, an attempt at opening will be visible.

Naturally, all of the above methods cannot provide one hundred percent protection against opening, but, nevertheless, they will discourage many unscrupulous persons from looking inside.

How to protect packaging from mechanical damage?

If you use cardboard containers, then order only high-quality boxes.The cardboard used in their production must have at least three layers. Then the boxes will be able to withstand serious loads from above and from the sides (after all, there may be other goods next to and above them during transportation). In addition, such a container can withstand a drop from a small height (1-1.5 meters) without deforming.

The quality of bags or packaging film should also be monitored. It should not break at the first contact with a sharp or just hard object. In addition, such packaging must be able to withstand very high and very low temperatures.

When delivering fragile, fragile or high-tech goods that should never be shaken, knocked or dropped, be careful to attract attention. Place special stickers on each side of the box to warn of the fragile goods inside. The “Caution!” Sticker works best. Glass!”.

Boxes or bags?

Which is better to use, boxes or bags, depends only on the type of product that you deliver to the client.

Household appliances, electronics, books, dishes – definitely better tolerate the road in high-quality cardboard boxes.Inside, it is best to pour foam balls or place inflatable bags or air bubble wrap. This will help to deliver the goods to the client safe and sound.

Bags are also a very common packaging option. It is ideal for online retailers selling clothing, bedding, home textiles, and more. That is, it is the best option for packaging fabric products.

Package dimensions and weight

What size should the package be? First, it must be the size of the packaged product.It is foolish and wasteful to pack an iPhone in a 40x40x40 cm box. A large monitor, which was somehow squeezed into a small box, which is clearly too large for it, looks strange. And further. If there are several items in the order, then it is more expedient to place them in one large box than in several bleaching cardboard boxes. This is the first thing.

The second point – the size of the packaging box or package also depends on the restrictions of the courier, transport or postal company. A simple and illustrative example.The Russian Post limits the size of the package – no more than 105 cm on either side. In this case, the perimeter of the largest cross-section should not exceed 2 m. The same applies to the maximum weight. The same Russian Post uses a limit of no more than 20 kg.

Similar restrictions apply to other courier services, postal and transport companies. Just contact yours and find out what restrictions they have.

This concludes our today’s material. Now you know how to package goods from your online store, preserve the appearance of the goods and prevent fraudulent actions of third parties.In conclusion, I would like to say about one more thing. Pay attention to the appearance and cleanliness of the packaging. Believe me, it is more pleasant for the client to receive a clean box or bag with the goods inside, and not a dirty and wrinkled semblance of packaging (whatever is inside). We wish you successful trading!

90,000 High-quality packaging of goods. “Buy me!”

Our today’s material, first of all, will be of interest to the owners and managers of various online stores and thematic Internet portals. Also, it will be useful for courier services that deliver goods from online stores.It’s about the packaging of goods. At first glance, this is an insignificant question.

But, believe me, there are many nuances on which the future success of your project depends. Opinions have become entrenched in society that product packaging is just a decoration, a kind of marketing technique, the purpose of which is to attract the attention of customers. Often, online store owners think according to the following template – “We will pack the product beautifully, the client should like it. Therefore, there will be more orders. ”

But, in fact, the main purpose of any packaging is the safety and security of the client’s goods during transportation.This is the main function of all these “popping (anti-stress)” films, multilayer papers, wooden boxes, boxes, plastic boxes and so on. No one denies that they give the product a more presentable look. But their main goal is to protect the goods. If the goods are reliably protected, they will arrive at the client safe and sound. This factor affects future orders. And a beautiful box is all secondary.

The question follows – what is the best way to pack the goods for sending to customers? The choice depends on various factors: the type of product, the remoteness of the addressee, etc.So what is the best way to choose the type of packaging in a given situation?

Do you always need packaging?

First of all, you need to understand one important rule that absolutely all goods should be packed. That is, not only goods that do not have a factory container, but also those that have their own branded box. It would seem, well, why pack a laptop or food processor? After all, they already have all their necessary protection – they were placed in a branded box by the manufacturer.Everything is true and right. But, native packaging may not be enough to ensure safety during transportation.

Also, not all online stores have their own delivery services. Various transport companies and courier services may damage the package during delivery. These services have to unload / load goods around the clock, transport them on airplanes, ships, cars, trains. Anything can happen during transportation. Well, I don’t even want to mention the delivery of “Russian Post”.

In order to avoid unpleasant situations, you should take a responsible approach to the issue of packaging the goods. Remember that you need to pack even those goods that already have a production box. And this rule always remains relevant. An exception is the delivery of goods by our own courier service. And even here it is necessary to take into account the fact that there are such clients who do not like the fact that their brand new smartphone or expensive laptop was transported in some open salafanna package.

How to protect goods from unscrupulous suppliers?

The package must always be protected from third parties. And no matter what kind of product it is, what kind of delivery service it is, the distance of the client. There are always those who want to look inside at the contents. There are also those who like to pull out something that “lies crookedly”. Such cases are not uncommon. To protect their parcels from unscrupulous couriers, online stores use some protection and control methods.

First, it is the exact weighing of the packed goods to every gram. This action allows you to control the order at all stages. You just need to weigh our packaging with the goods during each procedure. The parcel arrived to the checkpoint – weighed it. Does the weight match? Hence, we continue transportation. If suddenly the weight of the parcel unexpectedly decreased, then an additional check is desirable. Thus, there is a control over the safety and the ability to timely identify someone’s fraudulent actions.

Secondly, you need to use a type of packaging that cannot be opened accurately, quickly and without a trace. There are special safe-packages, upon opening of which a warning inscription is “exposed”. Whence it follows that the packaging is mechanically damaged. There are also boxes of a special type that cannot be opened in any way so as not to violate their integrity. That is, to get to the contents, you have to break the box. Such boxes are a necessary and effective solution.

Third point of defense: you should always use only good quality branded tape when packing goods.Every online store must have a packaging tape with its own design. It will come out so that when you open the box, you will need to tear or cut this tape. But then it will not be possible to glue this box with the same adhesive tape. In any case, traces of opening the box will be visible.

Naturally, all of the above methods do not provide one hundred percent protection. But, nevertheless, they can discourage some unscrupulous people from looking inside.

Protection of packaging against mechanical damage

When using cardboard containers, only high-quality material must be ordered.Cardboard for the production of such boxes must be at least three-layer. A box made of such a cardboard is able to withstand heavy loads both from the top and from the sides. In addition, such a box can withstand drops from a small height (1-2 meters) without deforming.

You also need to monitor the quality of the packaging film or bags. The package should not break at the 1st contact with any sharp or any hard object. Also, such packaging is required to withstand very low and very high temperatures.When delivering fragile, fragile or high-tech goods, special stickers should be placed on each side of the box, in order to warn that the inside is very fragile. The most effective sticker is: “Caution! Glass!”.

Boxes or bags?

Which type of packaging to use, bags or boxes, depends solely on the type of product, the delivery of which is required to the client. Electronics, household appliances, dishes, books are best transported in high-quality cardboard boxes.It is necessary to fill in foam balls or place an air bubble film inside. You can also use inflatable bags. This contributes to the delivery of goods to the customer safe and sound.

Bags are the most common option for fabric products. This type of packaging is ideal for online stores that sell clothes, bed linen, home textiles, etc.

Package dimensions and weight

What size should be the packaging for different products? First, the packaging should be proportional to the size of the product itself.For example, it will be stupid and wasteful to pack an iPhone in a container with a size of 40x40x40 cm. Or, on the contrary, to cram a large monitor into a box that clearly does not fit in size. If there are several products in the order at once, then it will be more expedient to place them all in one box of suitable size, rather than in several cardboard boxes.

Secondly, the size of the package or packing box also depends on the restrictions of the transport, courier or postal company. For example, the Russian Post limits the size of the package to such a value – no more than 105 cm on either side of the package.The perimeter of the highest cross-section must not exceed 2 meters. Maximum weight limit – no more than 20 kg.

Similar restrictions apply to various courier, transport and postal companies. You need to contact the delivery service to find out what restrictions they have.

Now you know exactly how to best package the goods from your online store, keep it its true appearance and how to stop fraudulent activities from third parties.Finally, I would like to mention one more detail. Carefully monitor the cleanliness and appearance of the packaging. It will be much more pleasant for the client to receive clean packaging, and not some wrinkled and dirty semblance of packaging.

This concludes our today’s material. We wish you more clients and successful sales!

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Hello!

One of the ways to increase the sales of an online store is to use the original packaging for the product.The original design of the box, label and other elements (for example, scotch tape) play an important role in increasing brand awareness and identification. Yes, creating your own packaging is an additional cost. But they will pay off handsomely.

Let us tell you why.

Researchers have found that when a customer evaluates the product itself (especially at the first purchase), 70% of the experience depends on what kind of packaging they have.

Just one example. Nike launched the sale of Nike Air sneakers not in traditional boxes, but in a plastic bag, inflated with air.

Nike Air Pack

Such packaging killed three birds with one stone:

• The company showed its product, literally, with its face: unusual packaging attracts attention.
• Emphasized the name Air, which is not just a beautiful word, but a designation of a special quality of sneakers – their “airiness”.
• Made shipping easier as the sneakers have a completely transportable package.

Your main task is to surprise the customer and make him remember your brand for a long time.

Shorr Packaging Corp found that for more than half of its customers, individual packaging adds value to the product. The first impression about the product (and the seller) is formed in 100 milliseconds. It is the packaging that gives the customer the first tactile experience with your brand.

Another important point. Premium shoppers who spend hefty amounts on online purchases are 15% more likely to repeat purchases precisely because of the attractive packaging and the ability to use it for photos on social networks.Remember how, during the release of the iPhone X, empty smartphone boxes were actively sold on the Web. This is a good example when packaging worked for the image.

Thus, the creation of original packaging can be seen not as another cost item, but as a marketing investment.

How to create optimal packaging?

1. Determine what your target audience might like

You can develop an expensive superbox-constructor, but it will be unnecessary for your customers.Your customers may be interested in the environmental friendliness of packaging, the ability to use it in everyday life, including for children’s games, strength, which guarantees that the goods arrive safe and sound (this applies to fragile goods). Or, on the contrary, lightness: the ability to quickly open and dispose of the box.

The main thing is that the packaging should evoke only positive emotions.

Those who decide to get involved should have a special attitude to packaging. Develop a corporate identity so that your boxes are recognized: then they will work for your image.

The packaging design can and should be changed: in accordance with the season, holidays, customer status (for example, for regular customers, you can enter “golden” gift boxes and so on). This is a huge scope for imagination. The main thing is to choose the right direction.

Publication from Funnysocks.ru (@funnysocks_ru) Dec 14, 2017 at 7:27 PST

2. Calculate the budget

Calculate how much the original packaging will increase the price of your goods. You might want to consider a side-by-side option: Sell holiday packaging or designer boxes separately.

You can also pack the product in a “special way” as a reward: new customers, those who purchase products for a certain amount, and so on. But in this case, your packaging must have some value. The easiest option is to be functional so that the buyer can use it after receiving the goods.

Box that can be used as a jewelry box, by designer Gaba Guzik

The original packaging can serve as the basis for many promotions.Announce a competition for the most original photo with your box. Or invite your customers to show them how they use your packaging in their daily lives. Contests like these can easily go viral and quickly spread across social media. This is a great way to promote your brand.

Learn how other online retailers pack goods. But do not repeat, do better! If it turns out that no one in your niche makes original packaging, manages with standard bags and boxes, you have a chance to win the eternal race for customers thanks to the facts voiced above.

In any case, don’t go after super original designs. The packaging should have been logical. Bright or, on the contrary, pastel colors, fonts, pictures, form, original printing stamps, information posted: all this should be combined with the product, harmonize with it.

4. Consider how packaging can emphasize the value of the product

You can place your slogan, wishes for the holidays, various appeals, useful information related to the product on the packaging.And even just a funny picture to enhance your mood. In any case, the main goal is for your customer to see the value of your product and forever associate this feeling with your brand.

5. Highlight product feature

As with the Nike Air, you can try to emphasize the features of your product. If the product is somehow related to the environment, use green colors. If you are selling something original, bright, you can play on contrast: choose a white or black box and play it up in an advertising campaign (discover brightness for yourself).

Many products on the market must be packed. Packaging can play a minor role (for example, for inexpensive hardware), and it can become very important (for example, for cosmetics). Some packaging designs, such as Coca-Cola bottles or L Eggs pantyhose boxes, are famous around the world, and many marketers cite packaging as the fifth major marketing variable in addition to product, price, distribution and incentive.However, most sellers still consider packaging as part of their product policy.

Packaging
– a set of tools for preparing items for movement and storage, to ensure their safety, as well as materials used for these purposes (container) .
Distinguish between external and internal, single and group, rigid and soft packaging of goods

Inner packing
is the direct container of the goods. For Old Spice Aftershave Lotion, the inner packaging will be the bottle it is poured into.

General Foods Corporation has developed a new dog food in the form of briquettes such as minced meat briquettes. The management of the corporation came to the conclusion that the unusual and appetizing appearance of briquettes requires maximum visibility of the goods. It was the visibility that was the basis of the packaging concept, and it was from these positions that its possible options were considered. In the end, we settled on a tray covered with transparent film on top.

Outer carton
is a material that serves as protection for inner packaging and is removed when preparing goods for immediate use.The outer packaging of the lotion bottle is a cardboard box that provides additional protection and allows the manufacturer to use it for promotional purposes.

Transport packaging
is a container required for storing, identifying or transporting goods. For Old Spice Lotion, the shipping package will be a corrugated box containing 72 bottles.

Finally, an integral part of the packaging is marking

and printed information

with a description of the goods, printed on the packaging itself or enclosed in it.

The packaging has the following functions

:

· protects the goods, ensures their safety;

· facilitates storage and display of goods;

· contains information about the product and its brand;

· contributes to the promotion of the product, primarily due to the advertising messages contained on it;

· makes it easier for buyers to transport and store goods;

· Makes it easier for buyers to use the content;

· makes it easy for customers to recycle and recycle packaging.

Using packaging as a marketing tool

Recently, packaging has become one of the most effective marketing tools. Well-designed packaging can be an added convenience for consumers and an additional means of promoting a product for manufacturers.

A variety of factors contribute to the expansion of the use of packaging as a marketing tool:

1. Self-service in trade.
An increasing number of goods are being sold in supermarkets and discount stores using the self-service method.Under these conditions, packaging must fulfill many functions of the seller; it must draw attention to the product, describe its properties, inspire confidence in the product and make a favorable impression on the whole.

2. Growth of consumer wealth.
The growing affluence of consumers means they are willing to pay a little more for the convenience, appearance, reliability and prestige of improved packaging.

3. Company image and brand image.
Firms are realizing the powerful power of well-designed packaging to help consumers instantly recognize a firm or brand.Any buyer of the film will immediately recognize the familiar yellow boxes with Kodak film.

4. Opportunities for innovation.
Packaging innovation can bring great benefits to the manufacturer. The creation in 1899 of packaging that preserved the freshness of the Unida biscuits (cardboard, inner paper wrapper and outer paper wrapper) made it possible to increase the shelf life of goods in the store compared to the usual containers of that time in the form of boxes, chests and barrels.By packaging processed cheese in cans, Kraft has increased the shelf life of the cheese in the store and has built a reputation for being a reliable manufacturer. Today, Kraft is testing sealed heat-resistant bags, foil and plastic containers to replace traditional cans. Firms that were the first to offer their soft drinks in pull-out cans and sprayed liquids in aerosols attracted many new consumers to their products.Today winemakers are experimenting with jars with pull-out lid segments and package-in-a-box packaging.

In the course of time, one or another serious flaw may appear in the design of new packaging.

Market tests have determined that Hublin’s Siz-Zi-Spray sauce is at risk of failure due to its aerosol packaging. “We thought we had a good can, but thank God, we decided to test the product on trial markets in stores in Texas and California.And then it turned out that when heated, the cans suddenly began to burst. Since we have not yet begun the nationwide distribution of the goods, the losses were not several million, but only 150 thousand dollars. ”

Creating effective packaging for a new product can cost a company several hundred thousand dollars and take from several months to a year.

For centuries packing tasks
were the storage, protection and transportation of goods. The importance of packaging is emphasized by its functions
, how to grab the attention of consumers and ensure their satisfaction.In doing so, firms must be mindful of social concerns about packaging and make decisions that are in the public interest as well as the vital interests of consumers and firms themselves.

Each of us knows what packaging is. But not everyone understands that it serves not only to give the product a presentation and more comfortable transportation. Some types of packaging are needed solely to protect the product from mechanical damage. Others are for making it attractive, etc.Let’s look at this issue and consider not only the main types, but also the functions of the packages.

Requirements to be met

It should be noted that the piece of paper that wraps, say, a service is not yet a package. This is due to the fact that clear requirements are being put forward to it. The main one is reliability. In fact, the packaging must maintain its mechanical strength and stability for a certain period of time. In addition, a minor impact should not damage the product.Another important requirement is safety. To achieve it is obtained by applying paint and varnish coatings. By the way, it must be remembered that the coating should not be toxic, since damage to the environment is unacceptable during disposal. Simply put, packaging must be environmentally friendly. It also makes sense to say about aesthetic properties. Any packaging, especially gift packaging, should not be repulsive; moreover, it should attract attention. Thus, it is easy to conclude that there are different types of packaging that are used in certain cases.Now let’s talk about this.

Three types of packaging

The direct container of the goods is the primary, it is also the inner packaging. It is worth paying attention to the fact that it should be in any case. Its main purpose is to protect the product from mechanical damage. For example, when buying a set of glasses, you may notice that they have a cardboard package with partitions. It is the partitions that protect the products from contact with each other, which creates the main protection.

There is also an outer packaging.If you cite the same glasses as an example, then this is a box that allows you to preserve the overall integrity of the product. Sometimes it may not be there, but if you buy something of value, then it is definitely there. The last type is a shipping container. Its essence lies in the fact that it contains a number of already packaged products. Let’s say 20 sets of glasses, 6 in each. As you can see, all types of packaging are needed and each plays a role.

Consumer packaging and shipping container

The first group should include packaging that was created for an ordinary consumer, that is, for you and me.In most cases, it is found on all household appliances and goods, in addition, it can be used for further storage of the product. In most cases, the types of packaging (consumer) can be divided into several small subgroups: food, beverages, medicines and other pharmaceutical products, as well as for hygiene and cosmetics.

Not every one of us is familiar with the concept of “shipping container”, which is also a kind of packaging. It is used either for large items or for a large number of items.It is almost always used only for transporting products from one enterprise to another. The recipient usually does not see it, since during unloading it remains with the sender.

Public and military packaging

The first type is most applicable in various public and private institutions. These include schools, prisons, hospitals, etc. We can say that such packages are most suitable for storing and transporting food groups of goods. Mostly when providing large groups of the population with food or medicines.For example, goods for

are placed in consumer packages. It is not hard to guess that military packaging is necessary for storing and transporting items intended for the country’s Armed Forces. However, in this case, some requirements are neglected, for example, aesthetic appearance and environmental friendliness. At the same time, safety and possible storage time play a decisive role. In this case, the packaging of the product can be made of wood, plastic, etc. Well, now let’s go further and consider a few more interesting details.

Gift wrapping: requirements and features

Each of us once bought a gift. Agree, you always want to buy colorful, bright and attractive packaging that will evoke only the best emotions. This is how it should be, so we can say that this kind of packaging should attract attention. In most cases, it is allowed to use a special paint and varnish coating, which will make the wrapper more pleasant to look at. As for the material itself, from which the gift wrapping is made, it can be different.In most cases, this is paper with the original logo or polyethylene, which is pre-painted. If we are talking about a box, then it is made of cardboard, and some kind of drawing is applied over it, or it is simply made out in different colors. Cardboard can be thick, designer, plain or coated. Bows also play an important role, which may not be attributed to packaging. They are used to achieve the desired aesthetic goals.

Vacuum packaging

Each of us is faced with such packaging in everyday life.Despite the fact that they are ubiquitous, they are most often found in the food industry. We all know that oxygen acts as an oxidizing agent for substances. In order to avoid the rapid development of bacteria and food spoilage, the latter are vacuum packed. Of course, we can say that the main requirement is tightness. If the air still passes, then there is no benefit from such protection. But again, this is a disposable package, since a special apparatus is needed to create a vacuum.A special bag or container is used as a material. When a product is placed in it, air is evacuated from there. So it is stored for some time. After you open it, the vacuum packaging can be disposed of. It is also interesting that this approach allows you to preserve a large amount of nutrients.

About the protective function of the packaging

The article has already mentioned the protective functions. By means of special packaging, the monitor is protected from mechanical damage, chips – from humid air, processors – from electrical discharges, etc.n. Agree, no one has a desire to buy sugar, which has previously been exposed to moisture, and it has turned into a “brick”. Although its properties basically remained at the same level, the packaging did not fulfill its purpose. And this will alienate the consumer. Plus, whether it’s cardboard or plastic, it shouldn’t be too easy to open. This is done so that the consumer who comes to the store cannot open it and try the product or replace it. It so happens that you need to protect people and the environment from the product.For example, the sale of household chemicals provides for special containers, and cardboard packaging will no longer work here. The same goes for other similar products.

Conclusion

So we have considered the topic of interest to us. It is necessary to understand that plastic packaging, cardboard or polyethylene, must fulfill its functions. For some products, protection from mechanical damage is important, for others, air ingress is undesirable, for others, something else.For example, soft packaging is preferable for the transportation and storage of electronics, for example, components for PCs, TVs, etc. In other cases, polyethylene or cardboard is used (as containers for gifts, etc.). Sometimes plastic packaging is needed. For example, bleach, electrolyte, acid, and other liquids should only be in sealed plastic containers.

Have you or your friends encountered a situation when a product ordered in an online store was delivered damaged? Such cases are not so rare.Moreover, no matter how damaged it was – its main functions were damaged or just a few scratches on the case – the situation is very unpleasant anyway. The level of trust and loyalty to such an online store will plummet to almost zero. As consumers, we all understand this. Now let’s put ourselves in the shoes of the owner of an online store or courier service. What can he do to ensure that the delivered goods always come to the buyer safe and sound? Let’s take a look at a few basic rules for packaging goods.

For some reason, many people still think that packaging of goods is needed only to give an attractive appearance and, in some cases, intrigue – “what’s inside?” Let’s not argue, marketers are actively using product packaging for their marketing purposes. So to speak, it should be beautiful both inside and outside. But still, the original and main function of packaging is to protect the goods from all kinds of damage. Even the “clapping” film, loved by many, is primarily intended precisely to keep the goods intact (and raising the customer’s mood by “clapping” is just a nice bonus 🙂

We pack any product

It doesn’t matter what exactly you are selling, remember that you need to pack any product.Even those that are already packaged by the manufacturer in a factory container. For example, any equipment is packed at the factory in cardboard boxes and sold already in this form. Yes, these boxes can be quite durable, but is anyone insured against unforeseen situations that may arise during the transportation of goods? Delivery of goods means traveling by cars, trains, airplanes, ships. The product can be loaded and unloaded several times. And if we are talking about an expensive product, then increased protection should be applied to it all the more – after all, no one wants to incur losses.

A separate moment in this whole history is the delivery of goods by our own courier service within the same city. Here, in principle, you can do with production packaging. However, use at least a sturdy, opaque bag in which you place your smartphone or multicooker box. Not all buyers may like the fact that an expensive product was brought to him in a cheap package from a nearby stall. An excellent solution would be to manufacture custom-made branded bags with the logo of your online store.

Protecting goods from curious couriers

It is not uncommon for couriers to try to open the delivered goods, look at it, perhaps even remove some parts or spare parts, and pretend that “it was”. Surely, many of you watched a video filmed with a hidden camera, where the pizza delivery man in front of the customer’s apartment eats half of the filling right out of the box, and then rings the doorbell. The situation is both funny and outrageous. Even if an ordinary pizza fell victim to an unscrupulous courier, then what can we say about some expensive equipment or unusual things for the house?

It is possible to control the “unauthorized hacking” of goods by weighing them at each stage of delivery.This is especially necessary if one product is delivered by several couriers (for example, the product goes from China first to Moscow, and then to other cities). You need to weigh the entire product along with the packaging, and record the result to the nearest gram. Require each courier to record the weight of the item when it arrives. So that you will know the initial weight of the goods, you can thus check whether it reached the buyer in the same form in which you sent it.

Another reliable way is to use packaging that is impossible or very difficult to open without damage.For example, special safe packages. If you open them, then an inscription appears on them that the packaging has been damaged. There are also cardboard boxes assembled in such a clever way that they cannot be opened without tearing some part. After even an attempt to open it, the box will no longer have its original appearance, and it will become clear that someone has already poked their curious nose there.

A less reliable, but still effective method of protection is the use of branded scotch tape. Make a custom-made packaging tape with your company logo, and seal all goods with it before delivery.The point is that if the scotch tape was torn off to open the box, then the courier will not be able to seal it again the same way. To implement this, of course, you need to make sure that couriers do not have access to the new branded tape, and inform your customers that the goods should be sealed only with your tape, and not strangers.

Protecting the packaging from mechanical damage

There is only one way to do this – use only high quality protective cardboard.Order boxes that are made of at least three-layer cardboard. They will be able, firstly, to withstand a fall from a small height (up to 1.5 meters), and secondly, not to deform during loading from the top and sides of the box. Any films, scotch tape, bags should also be as strong and high quality as possible. If they break at the slightest contact with a sharp object, then nothing good can be said about their quality. It is also important whether such packaging can withstand very low and very high temperatures, because in the process of transportation the goods can be caught by absolutely any weather.

Particular attention should be paid to fragile and easily breakable goods, as well as equipment that should not be shaken or dropped under any circumstances. Of course, it is quite difficult to track how such a product is handled at each stage of transportation.