Brine x. Brine Edge X Superlight Lacrosse Head: Versatile Performance for All Positions

How does the Brine Edge X Superlight lacrosse head perform for different positions. What are the key features and benefits of this versatile lacrosse head. Is the Edge X Superlight a good value for players at various skill levels.

Overview of the Brine Edge X Superlight Lacrosse Head

The Brine Edge X Superlight is a versatile lacrosse head designed to offer high performance for players across multiple positions. Priced at $84.99, this updated version of Brine’s classic Edge head maintains the defensive prowess of its predecessors while incorporating new features to enhance its all-around capabilities.

Key specifications of the Edge X Superlight include:

• Universal head specs suitable for offense and defense
• “Superlight” construction for reduced weight
• Retail price of $84.99
• Available in classic Edge styling

Design and Appearance: Blending Tradition with Innovation

The Edge X Superlight stays true to the iconic Edge design while incorporating subtle updates. How does it compare visually to other modern lacrosse heads? The reviewer notes that Brine has wisely chosen not to drastically alter the classic Edge aesthetic, avoiding unnecessary visual gimmicks that often clutter the current lacrosse gear market.

Notable design elements include:

• Classic Edge head shape and profile
• Minimal visual updates from previous models
• Clean, timeless appearance

Stringing Capabilities and Pocket Customization

Stringing options are a crucial factor for many players when selecting a lacrosse head. Does the Edge X Superlight offer sufficient versatility in this area? According to the review, the head provides ample stringing holes and customization potential.

Key stringing features:

• Multiple sidewall holes for diverse stringing patterns
• Large scoop slots to accommodate thick top strings
• Ability to create various pocket styles (though natural channel may be limited)

While the reviewer notes that the wide head design may limit natural channeling, skilled stringers should be able to achieve their desired pocket configuration with some creativity.

Considerations for Different Pocket Types

The Edge X Superlight’s versatile design allows for various pocket styles. Which types of pockets might work best with this head? Consider the following options:

1. Low pocket: Ideal for quick release and ball control
2. Mid pocket: Balanced option for all-around play
3. High pocket: Suited for defenders looking for maximum hold

Players should experiment with different stringing patterns to find the optimal setup for their playing style and position.

Stiffness and Flexibility: Balancing Defensive Strength with Offensive Finesse

As a head marketed for both offensive and defensive use, how does the Edge X Superlight balance stiffness and flexibility? The reviewer conducted hands-on testing to evaluate its performance in various situations.

Findings on stiffness and flexibility:

• Surprisingly stiff for a “Superlight” construction
• Effective for defensive poke checks
• Slight give compared to standard Edge X, but still robust
• Flexible sidewalls beneficial for face-offs

This balance of stiffness and flexibility makes the Edge X Superlight suitable for multi-position players or those transitioning between roles on the field.

Durability and Construction: Built to Last

Durability is a key concern for players at all levels. How does the Edge X Superlight hold up to the rigors of regular play? The reviewer highlights several design elements that contribute to the head’s longevity:

• Thick scoop and sidewall junctions for reinforcement
• Extended neck to support the head and prevent breakage
• “Superlight” materials that maintain strength while reducing weight

These features suggest that the Edge X Superlight should withstand intense gameplay and practice sessions, offering good value for its price point.

Maintenance Tips for Longevity

To maximize the lifespan of your Edge X Superlight, consider the following maintenance practices:

1. Regularly inspect for cracks or weak points
2. Clean the head after use to prevent dirt buildup
3. Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight
4. Avoid leaving in hot cars or extreme temperatures

Value Proposition: Affordable Excellence for Various Skill Levels

At $84.99, the Edge X Superlight sits in the mid-range of lacrosse head pricing. Is it a good value for players? The reviewer assigns a perfect 10/10 for value, citing several factors:

• Versatility across multiple positions
• Lightweight design beneficial for younger or developing players
• Durable construction for long-term use
• Reasonable price point compared to high-end specialty heads

While it is $15 more expensive than the standard Edge X, the reviewer suggests that the weight reduction justifies the price difference, especially for younger players or those looking to improve their stick skills.

Player Profiles: Who Benefits Most from the Edge X Superlight?

The Edge X Superlight’s versatile design makes it suitable for a wide range of players. Which positions and skill levels might find this head most beneficial?

Ideal player profiles for the Edge X Superlight:

• Intermediate-level players in any position
• Youth players looking for a lightweight, all-around head
• Defensive midfielders requiring both offensive and defensive capabilities
• Crease attackmen valuing quick release and maneuverability
• Face-off specialists appreciating the flexible sidewalls

The reviewer notes that even lacrosse legend Casey Powell cites the Edge as his all-time favorite head, further emphasizing its versatility beyond purely defensive applications.

Skill Development Opportunities

How can players leverage the Edge X Superlight to improve their game? Consider focusing on these skills:

1. Ground ball pickups: Utilize the reinforced scoop for clean scoops
2. Defensive checks: Practice poke and slap checks with the stiff frame
3. Quick stick skills: Take advantage of the lightweight design for faster passes and shots
4. Face-off techniques: Experiment with the flexible sidewalls for improved clamp strength

Comparative Analysis: Edge X Superlight vs. Competitors

To fully evaluate the Edge X Superlight, it’s important to consider how it stacks up against similar lacrosse heads in the market. How does it compare to other versatile or position-specific options?

Potential comparisons to consider:

• Edge X Superlight vs. Standard Edge X: Weight difference and performance trade-offs
• Edge X Superlight vs. Offensive-focused heads: Versatility and shooting accuracy
• Edge X Superlight vs. Other all-position heads: Price, durability, and overall performance

While the review doesn’t provide direct comparisons, players should research and potentially test multiple options to find the best fit for their playing style and needs.

Key Differentiators

What sets the Edge X Superlight apart from its competitors? Consider these unique selling points:

1. Legacy of the Edge series combined with modern lightweight materials
2. Balance of defensive stiffness and offensive maneuverability
3. Attractive price point for a versatile, high-performance head
4. Endorsement from top players like Casey Powell

Overall Performance and Recommendations

The reviewer assigns the Brine Edge X Superlight an overall score of 8.2/10, indicating strong performance across various criteria. What are the key takeaways for potential buyers?

Summary of strengths:

• Versatile design suitable for multiple positions
• Lightweight construction without sacrificing durability
• Classic aesthetics with modern performance
• Excellent value for the price
• Ample stringing options for customization

Areas for consideration:

• Slightly less stiff than standard Edge X (may affect defensive specialists)
• Limited natural channel due to wide design (may require skilled stringing)

The Edge X Superlight appears to be an excellent choice for players seeking a versatile, lightweight head that can adapt to various positions and play styles. Its combination of performance, durability, and value make it a strong contender in the mid-range lacrosse head market.

Final Thoughts

Is the Brine Edge X Superlight right for you? Consider these factors when making your decision:

1. Your primary playing position and potential for multi-position play
2. Importance of weight reduction in your gameplay
3. Budget constraints and value expectations
4. Preference for classic design aesthetics
5. Need for versatility in stringing options

By carefully evaluating these aspects in relation to your personal needs and playing style, you can determine if the Edge X Superlight is the ideal lacrosse head for your game.

Gear Review: Edge X Superlight by Brine Lacrosse

[rwp-review id=”1″]

Company: Brine Lacrosse / Product: Edge X Superlight Head / Price: $84.99 

The Edge is famous for being an elite defensive head, and while this incarnation is no different, it does provide more versatility due to its universal specs and “Superlight” construction. As an offensive player, I was curious to see how I’d like this head, and was overall impressed with how it performed.

The Edge X Superlight.

Appearance… +10.0

This head is a classic, and Brine has done very little to update it visually…but that is a good thing! Why mess with a classic, especially in a market diluted by visual gimmicks.

Nice touch on a classic-looking head.

Stringing… +7.5

My buddy strung this up for me with my preferred low pocket, and I tweaked it a bit once I’d thrown with it awhile. There wasn’t much of a channel in this head, partially be design and partially due to the wideness of the head. I imagine one could string this with a greater channel if they wanted to, though. There were plenty of sidewall holes to use, and the scoop of the head has large slots for the top string, just as previous models of the Edge have had. This allowed us to use a super thick top string that will last longer.

Plenty of side wall holes, plus large slots for the top string are all great features of the Edge.

Stiffness… +7.5

As a defensive head, you would want this to be very stiff. However, as a Superlight head, I was worried it might not be. To test the head, I gave some hard poke checks to various surfaces, and I was surprised to find that while this head might give a little more than the “normal” Edge X, it really bit well on checks. Interestingly, I talked to Team TLN face-off man Heeyoung Leem while testing this, and he said the all Superlight heads are great for facing off because they flex so well at the sidewalls.

Wall Ball Wednesday.

Durability… +7.5

Something I really like about this head is how thick the scoop and corners of the head are. By corners, I mean the spot where the scoop meets the sidewall. This not only makes ground balls easier to pick up, but it also reinforces the head to help counteract the flexibility stemming from how light it is. The Edge also has a long neck that will help support it and keep from breaking.

Plenty of side wall holes, plus large slots for the top string are all great features of the Edge.

Value… +10.0

At $85, this isn’t the most expensive head out there, and it provides a lot of good aspects. I can see intermediate-level players of any position using this head because it’s so light. It is $15 more than the non-Superlight Edge X, but I think its low weight is a plus, especially for younger players.

Overall… 8.2/10

In a recent Hangout on The Lacrosse Network, lacrosse legend Casey Powell said that his all time favorite head is the Edge. If this doesn’t tell you that the head isn’t defensive-specific, I don’t know what does. Wider AND lighter than most, this head would be great for younger players, crease attackmen, defensive middies, and CP22.

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At Aquarium Co-Op, we focus on your aquarium

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• Top 10 Stunning Nano Fish for Your Next Small Fish Tank
  

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  Nano fish tanks are very popular for their beauty and compact size, but it can be challenging to find animals that are tiny enough to comfortably live in them. Learn about our top 10 aquarium fish for 5- to 20-gallon tanks.

• Care Guide for Clown Loaches – The Pack of Underwater Puppies
  

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Big water duck club

Shane Olson Waterfowl Specialist/Owner of Habitat Solutions/ Manager at Big Lake Duck Club Claremore, Oklahoma 400 connections

He has been duck hunting across the globe since he was eight years old and still to this day can’t get enough of it. You’ll also get to share the blind with his partner in crime, black lab, Maggie Roux. Wes is a passionate outdoorsmen that shows up to the lodge every morning with a coffee and a big smile.

We have 2 openings in our Mixed Bag Duck Club. Our clubhouse is just outside of Sherrill, AR, and we hunt 6 Fields and 75 acres of Green Timber – a total of 17 places to hunt. They are around Wabbaseka, Sherrill and Gethsemane. We presently have 8 Members and are looking to add 2 more. In an average year we kill 550 – 750 ducks and geese.   In a sport where more is often viewed as better, Smith weaves throughout personal hunting stories the important role ethics play for the modern-day ‘fowler, how a full bag limit isn’t the end goal, but rather icing on the cake. In all, this is one of the finest treatises on waterfowling to come out in years — because small water means big sport.

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• Location: APN: Uses: Waterways: Duck Blinds: Water: Club House: Shop: CHARTER REALTY www.CharterFarmRealty.com (530) Butte Ranch Hunting Club 1/7th Equity Ownership 184.55+/- Acres Butte Sink, CA This hunting club is located on East edge of the southern half of the legendary Butte Sink. It touches the Colusa Shooting Club to its West and the Stack Club to its North. Norris nuts eating challenge

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  West Wind Farms is a premier duck hunting club located in St Charles county. The club sets on a 100 acres of premier hunting land. It boast duck,geese, deer and turkey hunting. It also has a 6 acre lake stocked with Trophy Bass, Crappie,Georgia Giant Bluegill and Catfish. A 3000 sq ft lodge is great for entertaining. Pazuzu algarad the devil you know

  We have 2 openings in our Mixed Bag Duck Club. Our clubhouse is just outside of Sherrill, AR, and we hunt 6 Fields and 75 acres of Green Timber – a total of 17 places to hunt. They are around Wabbaseka, Sherrill and Gethsemane. We presently have 8 Members and are looking to add 2 more. In an average year we kill 550 – 750 ducks and geese.

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Jul 12, 2006 · Mighty Duck Bacon Corndog; Nachos; Duck Tracks Ice Cream; Blackberry Swirl Ice Cream; There’s more too, including traditional stadium hot dogs, fresh popcorn, candy and ice cold Pepsi. It’s all delicious and ready to enjoy when the gates open 90 minutes prior to kickoff. The Club After Hours. Will begin at the end of the game and last for 1 hour.

We are near Highland Home, Alabama, Our club has a mixture of hardwood bottoms, old and new pines, several creeks, and over 1.5 miles of power-line running through the center of the property. Learn More

The Sandusky Bay Duck Club consists of more than 250 privately managed acres of marsh and flooded cornfields along the north shore of the bay, just south of Port Clinton. The club is at the end of a narrow, gravel private drive that is surrounded by walls of phragmite.

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The club includes county water and underground utilities. The lodge is being offered fully furnished with special attention to detail and amenities. To accommodate hunters, the 101 Club has a separate heated and cooled gunroom with lockers, storage and gun safe adjoining a 35’ secure storage room for tools , supplies, boat storage and more.

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Castaic Lake State Recreation Area is a reservoir of the State Water Project. It is one of the Project’s largest recreational lakes and the terminal of its west branch. The site includes 29 miles of shoreline. A major attraction is the 425-foot tall Castaic Dam. Castaic Lake has two bodies of water. Lower lake is for non-power boating and canoeing. Add notes on number of Ducks on the water when scouting Upload pictures and leave breadcrumbs to find the blind in the dark Share location, pictures, and chat with hunting buddies. Give your points identifying names, or use the blind names your hunting club has given them.

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Stillwater Hunt Club is a hunting club in Halifax County in eastern North Carolina. Stillwater is not only a deer hunting club, we also offer duck hunting, turkey hunting and various small game hunting opportunities. Stillwater offers hunting opportunities in Quality Deer Management (QDM) areas as well as properties that fall under traditional management guidelines.

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Lithium Recovery Tech With 99% Efficiency Earns $150m in Funds

In the past, we have discussed the paradox of clean electric vehicles and the dirty lithium mining business. Lithium extraction has severe environmental consequences making the business of electric vehicles not as clean as it could be

Now, climate-conscious engineers in Silicon Valley are seeking a new and more sustainable way to extract the ingredient that is so key to developing electric vehicle batteries. Lilac Solutions, a lithium extraction technology company, announced this week the first close of a $150 million Series B financing for a new technology that both speeds up lithium recovery and makes it more eco-friendly.

“Electric vehicles are a low-carbon success story, but the lithium raw materials needed for batteries have become a serious bottleneck,” said in a statement Dave Snydacker, CEO and founder of Lilac Solutions. “The lithium industry has been plagued by technical and environmental problems that have put the energy transition in jeopardy. Lilac’s technology solves these problems and will finally enable lithium production at a scale demanded for the energy transition. ”

Lilac Solutions’ new technology dramatically lowers the amount of land and freshwater needed to extract lithium from continental brines and its investors say the product is 10,000x faster than the competition.

One key aspect of the new technology is that it allows brine to be returned back underground following lithium recovery which effectively reduces negative environmental impact compared to existing lithium production methods based on evaporation ponds.

According to CNBC, Snydacker said the new technology can extract as much lithium from a one-acre sized system as the conventional method would get from a 10,000-acre facility with an evaporation pond. 

The technology could not come at a better time as U.S. President Joe Biden has set ambitious goals for half of all new passenger vehicle sales in the U.S. to be electric by 2030.

MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Acids Bases and Salts with Answers

Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids Bases and Salts Multiple Choice Questions with Answers. MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science with Answers was Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve NCERT Class 10 Science Acids Bases and Salts Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to know their preparation level.

Class 10 Science MCQs Chapter 2 Acids Bases and Salts

1. What happens when a solution of an acid is mixed with a solution of a base in a test tube?
(i) Temperature of the solution decreases
(ii) Temperature of the solution increases
(in) Temperature of the solution remains the same
(iv) Salt formation takes place
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) only
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer

Answer: d

2. When hydrogen chloride gas is prepared on a humid day, the gas is usually passed through the guard tube containing calcium chloride. The role of calcium chloride taken in the guard tube is to
(a) absorb the evolved gas
(b) moisten the gas
(c) absorb moisture from the gas
(d) absorb Cl^– ions from the evolved gas

Answer/ Explanation

Answer: c
Explaination: Reason: Guard tube drys (absorbs water) from calcium chloride on a humid day.

3. Which one of the following salts does not con-tain water of crystallisation?
(a) Blue vitriol
(b) Baking soda
(c) Washing soda
(d) Gypsum

Answer

Answer: b

4. In terms of acidic strength, which one of the following is in the correct increasing order?
(a) Water < Acetic acid < Hydrochloric acid
(b) Water < Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid
(c) Acetic acid < Water < Hydrochloric acid
(d) Hydrochloric acid < Water < Acetic acid

Answer

Answer: a

5. What is formed when zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide?
(a) Zinc hydroxide and sodium
(b) Sodium zincate and hydrogen gas
(c) Sodium zinc-oxide and hydrogen gas
(d) Sodium zincate and water

Answer/ Explanation

Answer: b
Explaination: Reason: Zn + 2NaOH → Ma₂Zn0₂ (Sodium Zincate) + H₂

6. Tomato is a natural source of which acid?
(a) Acetic acid
(b) Citric acid
(c) Tartaric acid
(d) Oxalic acid

Answer

Answer: d

7. Brine is an
(a) aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide
(b) aqueous solution of sodium carbonate
(c) aqueous solution of sodium chloride
(d) aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate

Answer

Answer: c

8. Na₂CO₃. 10H₂O is
(a) washing soda
(b) baking soda
(c) bleaching powder
(d) tartaric acid

Answer

Answer: a

9. At what temperature is gypsum heated to form Plaster of Paris?
(a) 90°C
(b) 100°C
(c) 110°C
(d) 120°C

Answer

Answer: b

10. How many water molecules does hydrated cal-cium sulphate contain?
(a) 5
(b) 10
(c) 7
(d) 2

Answer/ Explanation

Answer: d
Explaination: Reason: Chemical formula of hydrated calcium sulphate or gypsum is CaSO₄.2H₂O

11. Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt of a
(a) strong acid and strong base
(b) weak acid and weak base
(c) strong acid and weak base
(d) weak acid and strong base

Answer

Answer: d

12. Alkalis are
(a) acids, which are soluble in water
(b) acids, which are insoluble in water
(c) bases, which are insoluble in water
(d) bases, which are soluble in water

Answer

Answer: d

13. Which of the following statements is correct about an aqueous solution of an acid and of a base?
(i) Higher the pH, stronger the acid
(ii) Higher the pH, weaker the acid
(in) Lower the pH, stronger the base
(iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer/ Explanation

Answer: d
Explaination: Reason: Stronger the acid, lesser is the pH. Stronger the base, higher is the pH.

14. The apparatus given in the adjoining figure was set up to demonstrate electrical conductivity.

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?
(i) Bulb will not glow because electrolyte is not acidic.
(ii) Bulb will glow because HCl is a strong acid and furnishes ions for conduction.
(iii) Bulb will not glow because circuit is incomplete.
(iv) Bulb will not glow because it depends upon the type of electrolytic solution.
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) only
(d) (iv) only

Answer

Answer: c

15. Lime water reacts with chlorine to give
(a) bleaching powder
(b) baking powder
(c) baking soda
(d) washing soda

Answer/ Explanation

Answer: c
Explaination:

16. Nettle sting is a natural source of which acid?
(a) MetiWanoic acid
(b) Lactic acid
(c) Citric acid
(d) Tartaric acid

Answer

Answer: a

17. Tooth enamel is made up of
(a) calcium phosphate
(b) calcium carbonate
(c) calcium oxide
(d) potassium

Answer

Answer: a

18. What is the pH range of our body?
(a) 7.0 – 7.8
(b) 7.2 – 8.0
(c) 7.0 – 8.4
(d) 7.2 – 8.4

Answer

Answer: a

19. Rain is called acid rain when its:
(a) pH falls below 7
(b) pH falls below 6
(c) pH falls below 5.6
(d) pH is above 7

Answer

Answer: c

20. Sodium hydroxide is a
(a) weak base
(b) weak acid
(c) strong base
(d) strong acid

Answer/ Explanation

Answer: c
Explaination: Reason: Sodium hydroxide ionises in water and produces a large amount of hydroxide ions.

21. An aqueous solution turns red litmus solution blue. Excess addition of which of the following solution would reverse the change?
(a) Baking powder
(b) Lime
(c) Ammonium hydroxide solution
(d) Hydrochloric acid

Answer

Answer: d

22. When copper oxide and dilute hydrochloric acid react, colour changes to
(a) white
(b) bluish-green
(c) blue-black
(d) black

Answer/ Explanation

Answer: b
Explaination: Reason: Blue-green colour of solution is due to the formation of copper (II) chloride.

23. Sodium hydroxide is used
(a) as an antacid
(b) in manufacture of soap
(c) as a cleansing agent
(d) in alkaline batteries

Answer

Answer: b

24. Sodium hydroxide turns phenolphthalein solution
(a) pink
(b) yellow
(c) colourless
(d) orange

Answer

Answer: a

25. Chemical formula of washing soda is
(a) Na₂C0₃ . 7H₂O
(b) Na₂C0₃ . 5H₂O
(c) Na₂C0₃ . 2H₂O
(d) Na₂C0₃ . 10H₂O

Answer

Answer: d

Fill in the blanks

1. Acids turn …………. litmus solution…………. .
2. pH of basic solution is always …………. than 7.
3. …………. are the products obtained when bleaching powder reacts with dilute sulphuric acid.
4. Potassium nitrate has pH value equal to …………. .
5. …………. is the fixed number of water molecules chemically attached to each formula unit of a salt in its crystalline form.
6. …………. is one of the raw materials for the production of baking soda.
7. The salts of a strong acid and weak base are …………. with pH value …………. than 7.
8. Use of mild base like …………. on the bee-stung area gives relief.
9. During indigestion the stomach produces too much …………. and this causes pain and irritation.
10. The presence of …………. Ca in acids is responsible for their acidic properties.
11. Mixing an acid or base with water results in decrease in the concentration of per unit volume.
This process is called
12. Among HCl, H₂SO₄ and CH₃COOH, …………. is a weak acid.

Answers

1. blue, red
2. more/greater
3. CaSO₄, Cl₂, H₂O
4. 7 or seven
5. Water of crystallisation
6. Sodium chloride
7. acidic, less
8. baking soda
9. acid (HCl)
10. H⁺
11. OH^– ions/H₃O⁺ ions, dilution
12. CH₃COOH

We hope the given MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Acids Bases and Salts with Answers will help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids Bases and Salts Multiple Choice Questions with Answers, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

Brine mixer MSPK – Aromavkus

Parent category: Sausage production

The

brine mixer is a freestanding device made of acid-resistant steel.
The device consists of the following elements: a tank (with a conical bottom), a mechanical stirrer, a mixing-transfer pump, a funnel for filling bulk raw materials, distribution pipes with valves, a control cabinet.
The solution is mixed with a mechanical stirrer and brine circulation.

90,000 5. Expertise of pickled, salted and pickled vegetables / ConsultantPlus

5.1. The sale of pickled, salted and pickled vegetables is allowed only from sanitary wooden, enameled or earthenware dishes.

Pickled, salted and pickled vegetables that are slimy, moldy, rancid or have an unusual taste, as well as those delivered to the market in copper, iron, galvanized or plastic dishes, are not allowed for sale.

5.2. In terms of organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics, pickled, salted and pickled vegetables must meet the following requirements.

5.2.1. Sauerkraut should be evenly chopped or chopped, juicy, firm, crispy when bitten, light straw color with a yellowish tinge, refreshing pleasant taste, without bitterness and off-flavor.

Brine in cabbage no more than 10 – 15%, and it should be natural cabbage juice. The smell of brine is pleasant, the color is cloudy yellow, the taste is sour-salty, without sediment, mucus and dirt. Sauerkraut should contain in the brine from 1. 2 to 2.5% of sodium chloride and have the acidity of the brine (in terms of lactic acid) in the range of 0.7 – 2.4%.It is not allowed to sell sauerkraut in the markets made from pest-eaten, rotten, moldy and frost-bitten heads, as well as krochevo cabbage, i.e. chopped and fermented without removing the surface green leaves.

5.2.2. Pickled cucumbers should have a pleasant salty-sour taste with the aroma and aftertaste of added spices, without any extraneous aftertaste and smell; in color – olive, to the touch – strong, not wrinkled, pulp – dense, completely saturated with brine, when chewed – crispy.The brine is transparent or with a slight haze, pleasant aroma and salty-sour taste, with a content of 3 to 5% of sodium chloride and total acidity (in terms of lactic acid) from 0.6 to 1.4%.

5.2.3. Salted tomatoes should be whole, not wrinkled, unwrinkled, without cracks, of the appropriate color, firm to the touch; the flesh of green and brown tomatoes is dense, in red ones it is loose, with undisturbed flesh, when bitten it is crispy on the teeth. The taste is sour-salty, characteristic of a fermented product, with the aroma and aftertaste of added spices, but without foreign smell and aftertaste.The brine should be almost transparent or slightly cloudy, contain from 3 to 8% sodium chloride, total acidity (in terms of lactic acid) in the range from 0.6 to 2%.

5.2.4. Salted watermelons should be without damage to the shell, smooth, whole, on the cut from pale pink to red, the smell is characteristic of salted watermelon, the taste is pleasant, on the cut there is a pulp of various consistency, but not overripe, without voids and mucus. The brine is clear or with a slight haze, with a content of 3 to 8% sodium chloride and acidity (in terms of lactic acid) up to 2.4%.

Moldy watermelons with a damaged shell, wrinkled, with an unusual smell and taste are not allowed for sale.

5.2.5. Pickled vegetables. Fresh or pre-salted white cabbage, red cabbage and cauliflower, cucumbers, tomatoes, pumpkin, beets, horseradish, onions and other vegetables are subjected to pickling. Pickled vegetables should have a sour or sweet-sour taste characteristic of this type of vegetables, with a spice aroma without foreign tastes and odors, a strong and dense consistency.The filling (marinade) is transparent, light characteristic smell, salty-sour taste. Vegetable marinades should contain from 1 to 3% table salt and have an acidity of 0.4 to 0.9% (for slightly acidic and acidic) and 1.2 to 1.8% (for spicy marinades).

5.3. A laboratory study of pickled, salted and pickled vegetables is carried out in case of doubt about their good quality, for which the percentage of brine, the total acidity of the brine (marinade) and the percentage of table salt in it are determined.

5.3.1. To determine the amount of brine in relation to the total mass of the product, the sample is placed in cheesecloth and, in a suspended state, the brine is allowed to drain (without squeezing) for 15 minutes. Then the brine and product are weighed separately and the calculation is made.

5.3.2. Determination of the total acidity of brine or marinade (in terms of lactic acid). In a volumetric flask with a capacity of 250 ml, take 20 ml of brine or marinade, add distilled water to the mark, and mix the contents well.Then take 50 ml of diluted brine or marinade into a flask for titration, add 2 – 3 drops of 1% phenolphthalein solution and titrate with 0.1 N. solution of caustic soda (NaOH) or caustic potassium (KOH) until persistent pink coloration. The percentage of lactic acid (X) is calculated by the formula:

, or X = a x 0.225,

where X is the acidity of the brine (marinade) in percent; a – the number of milliliters 0.1 N. alkali used for titration; 0.009 is the conversion factor for lactic acid.

Discrepancies between two parallel determinations shall not exceed 0.02%. The arithmetic mean of the two definitions is taken for each result.

5.3.3. Determination of the content of sodium chloride in a sample of brine (marinade) is carried out after determining the acidity in it. To do this, add 1 ml of a 10% solution of potassium chromate to the neutralized sample (at the end of the titration with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution) and titrate with 0.1 N. solution of nitric acid silver until a persistent brick-red (orange) color appears.The content of sodium chloride (sodium chloride) is calculated by the formula:

, or X = a x 0.14625,

where X is the percentage of sodium chloride; a – the number of milliliters 0.1 N. a solution of nitric acid silver consumed for titration; 0.00585 – conversion factor for sodium chloride.

The arithmetic mean of two parallel determinations is taken as the final result, the discrepancy between which should not exceed 0.1%.

5.3.3.1.To determine the content of sodium chloride, another method can be used: 1 ml of filtered brine (marinade) is diluted with 10 ml of distilled water, 3 – 5 drops of a 10% aqueous solution of potassium chromate () are added to this solution as an indicator and titrated until a stable brick-red staining with a solution of silver nitrate (29. 064 g per 1 liter of distilled water). 1 ml of the specified solution of nitric acid silver binds 0.01 g of sodium chloride. The percentage of salt (X) is calculated by the formula:

X = a · 0.01 · 100,

where a is the number of milliliters of nitric acid silver solution consumed for titration.

Electrolyte brine – Chemist’s Handbook 21

The rate at which Nade atoms recombine with each other or with H to form Ha is due to the catalytic properties of the electrode surface. If the electrode is a good catalyst (eg platinum or iron), the hydrogen overvoltage is low, while weak catalysts (mercury, lead) are characterized by high overvoltage values. When any catalytic poison, such as hydrogen sulfide or arsenic or phosphorus compounds, is added to the electrolyte, the rate of formation of molecular hydrogen decreases and the adsorption of hydrogen atoms on the electrode surface increases.The increased concentration of hydrogen on the metal surface facilitates the penetration of hydrogen atoms into the metal lattice, which causes hydrogen embrittlement (loss of plasticity) and can lead to sudden cracking (hydrogen cracking) of some strained high-strength iron-based alloys (see Sections 7 … 4). Catalytic poisons increase the absorption of hydrogen released on the metal surface as a result of external polarization or corrosive reaction. This complicates the operation of low alloy steel pipelines in some brines in boreholes containing hydrogen sulfide.Slight general corrosion leads to the release of hydrogen, which is embedded in the stressed steel and causes hydrogen cracking. In the absence of hydrogen sulfide, general corrosion is not accompanied by hydrogen cracking. High-strength steels, due to their limited ductility, are more susceptible to hydrogen development. [p.58]

In fig. 2-17 shows a technological scheme for the production of sodium chlorate [139] using evaporation.To prepare the electrolyte, natural salt is used, as well as reverse salt obtained as a result of evaporation, and mother liquors after crystallization of sodium chlorate. The resulting solution is purified from calcium salts by adding soda solution and from magnesium salts by adding alkali. If necessary, the electrolyte is purified from sulfates by precipitating them with chloride or barium carbonate. For clarification and filtration of brine, you can use the same appa- [c.64]

In the electrolyzer /, where the process of electrolysis of sodium chloride occurs, the electrolyte is continuously supplied — brine containing 305- [c.229]

General view of the continuous hypochlorite plant KG-13 is shown in Fig. 157, and the process diagram is shown in Fig. 158. A 10% sodium chloride solution prepared in tanks 1 is pumped into a working tank 3, from where it is fed through a pipe into a siphon tank 4, which provides brine in certain portions and breaks its stream, which prevents current leakage through the electrolyte. The brine from the siphon tank enters the distribution tank 5, from which it flows into the receiving funnels 6 of the electrolytic cells 7.According to Fig. 158. Technological scheme of the stationary last one is a non-hypochlorite installation of continuous acting-diaphragm baths of a small VIA KG-13. capacity. The cathodes are cor- [c.265]

The temperature of the brine subjected to electrolysis is maintained within the range of 90-95 ° C. Carrying out electrolysis at elevated temperatures helps to reduce the overvoltage of chlorine and hydrogen, as well as the voltage drop in the electrolyte, which leads to a decrease in the voltage on the electrolyzer and power consumption.In addition, with an increase in temperature, the solubility of chlorine in the anolyte decreases and its losses due to interaction with alkali formed in the cathode space decrease. [c.155]

Temperature. Increasing the temperature during electrolysis with a mercury cathode is advisable from the point of view of reducing the voltage on the electrolyzer by reducing the overvoltage of chlorine evolution, the voltage drop in the electrolyte. With an increase in temperature, the solubility of chlorine in the brine and the fraction of the current for its reduction at the cathode decrease. [c.165]

To reduce the wear of graphite anodes, they strive to avoid the penetration of OH ions from the cathode space into the anode one, to prevent an increase in the pH of the anolyte and the concentration of S0 ions in the electrolyte, and also to work with a possibly high concentration of sodium chloride in the anolyte … Mercury cathode cells also tend to operate on brine that does not contain amalgam poisons. [c.63]

In this case, the distribution of the load between the series of electrolyzers will be determined by the resistance of the series, i.e.That is, it will depend on the number of cells connected in series in the series and their condition. With such a power system, during the operation of a series of electrolyzers, the load on it constantly changes due to a change in the resistance of electrolyzers in the series, caused by wear of the graphite anodes and aging of the diaphragm. This complicates and practically makes it impossible to fully automate the regulation of the electrolyzer operating mode, in particular, the supply of brine to the electrolyzers in an amount that ensures the optimum conversion of chloride into hydroxide. [c.244]

The design of a continuous hypochlorite plant KG-13 is shown in Fig. 179, and the process flow diagram is shown in Fig. 180. A 10% sodium chloride solution prepared in tanks 1 is pumped into a working tank 3 by pump 2, from where it is fed through a pipe into a siphon tank 4, which ensures the supply of brine in certain portions, and breaks its stream, which prevents current leakage through the electrolyte (see , fig. 180). The brine from the siphon tank enters the distribution tank 5, from which it flows into the receiving funnels 6 of the electrolytic [p.292]

Initially, the minimum possible distance of 3-5 mm is set between the anode and the cathode. Due to the wear of the anodes during the discharge of hydroxyl ions on them, the pole-to-pole distance increases and, accordingly, the resistance of the electrolyte increases. With a distance between the electrodes of 5 mm and a current density of 5000 A / L2, the voltage loss in the electrolyte is about 0.5 V. With an increase in the distance between the electrodes to 10 mm, the voltage loss increases to 1.0 V. The wear of the anodes and the change in the distance between the electrodes along the length of the electrolyzer are different in the direction of movement of the brine, as its concentration decreases and, accordingly, the fraction of the current spent on the discharge of hydroxyl ions increases.Closer to the outlet of the anolyte from the bath, the wear of the anodes is greater. Different wear of the anodes can also occur with an unequal distribution of current on them. [c.217]

Electrolyte. In mercury, as in the diaphragm method of electrolysis, the electrolyte is a concentrated solution of sodium chloride (300-320 g / l). It is desirable to remove calcium, magnesium and lelez ions from the brine, since they, being discharged at the anode, form corresponding amalgams, which leads to contamination of the mercury surface in the bath and a decrease in the current efficiency.In some factories, the brine is incompletely cleaned, allowing the calcium content to be up to 1 g / l. [c.90]

Electrolyzers with a horizontal diaphragm. In fig. 135 shows a schematic diagram of such a cell. A solution of sodium chloride (brine) enters the electrolyzer through a tube dipped into the electrolyte. The electrolyte moves from [c.341]

Electrolytic hypochlorite installations of continuous (KG-12, KG-13) and periodic (KG-14 and KG-15) action [54] have been proposed in the IKHiKhV of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR.The technological scheme of the KG-13 installation is shown in Fig. 4.69. The 10% sodium chloride solution prepared in tanks 4 is pumped into the working tank 2 by pump 3, from where it is fed through the pipe 5 into the siphon tank 1, which ensures the supply of brine in certain portions and breaks its stream, which prevents the leakage of current through the electrolyte. The brine from the siphon tank enters the distribution tank 8, from which it flows into the receiving funnels [c.217]

The crude brine enters the apparatus 1, where Ca + and Mg + impurities are precipitated> 7 during brine treatment with sodium carbonate and caustic soda …The purified brine is neutralized (pH l 10.2) in tank 2 and fed to the saturator, where the brine is saturated with table salt (concentration 318-325 g / l). The saturated solution then enters the diaphragm electrolyzer 4. The electrolyte from the diaphragm electrolyzer is directed to the evaporators 5 and 6, where it is subjected to two-stage evaporation to a concentration of 35 and 50% NaOH, respectively. [c.178]

During electrolysis with a mercury cathode, an electrolyte with a content of 260-270 g / l Na l flows out of the bath.This electrolyte is fed to the additional saturation with solid salt. However, before this, the solution is acidified to 0.1 g / l HCl and dissolved chlorine is removed from it under vacuum (400-500 mm Hg). After vacuum dechlorination, the content of dissolved chlorine in the brine is not higher than 0.15 g / l. Then the brine is pumped into the tower for stripping off the brine, where compressed air is blown through the brine layer, taking away the chlorine dissolved in the brine. After purging, mercury and other metals contained in the solution are precipitated with sodium sulfide and alkali.For the complete deposition of metals, 3-5 hours are required. Sludge [c.377]

A process for the electrolytic production of alkali metal hydrides has been proposed [14). An amalgam of alkali metals (from Hg-baths) with a concentration of 0.1-0.2 / o and a temperature of 80-90 ° C is fed into an electrolyzer made of ceramic material, which serves as an anode. The hollow cathode is made of porous nickel, iron or stainless steel, the electrolyte is molten eutectic, a mixture of hydroxide and halide in the case of a simple hydride, and a mixture of hydroxides or halides in the case of a mixed hydride.Near the cathode or through its pores, hydrogen is supplied, which reacts with the alkali metal released during electrolysis to form a hydride, the latter immediately dissolves in the electrolyte. The process takes place at temperatures 5–20 ° C above the melting point of the electrolyte, at which the vapor pressure of mercury is still low enough to cause product contamination. The excess hydrogen supplied to the cell accumulates under the roof, forming a protective atmosphere. The process continues until the electrolyte is saturated with hydride.The latter crystallizes upon cooling and is separated by filtration. The chlorine bath can operate on natural brines without the use of solid Na l; mercury leaving the electrolyzer gives off heat to evaporate the spent electrolyte to its original concentration. [c.44]

In addition, with an increase in the concentration of sodium chloride, the specific electrical conductivity of the solution increases and the voltage drop in the electrolyte decreases. Based on the above, the optimal concentration of sodium chloride in the original brine is 310 5 g / l.The final concentration of chloride is determined by the concentration of alkali formed in the cathode space. The degree of conversion of chloride to alkali and chlorine is defined as the ratio of the amount of decomposed Na l to the total amount of chloride in 1 liter of electrolytic liquor. [c.153]

Ions of other heavy and alkaline earth metals present in the anolyte can also activate the process of hydrogen evolution. Their influence sometimes manifests itself depending on the combination in which they are present in the electrolyte.So, for example, the harmful effect of nickel and iron cations is enhanced in the presence of calcium ions, although the calcium ion itself does not cause a significant release of hydrogen. Impurities in brine are also the reason for the formation of amalgam oil – a colloidal mixture of mercury and amalgams of iron, chromium and some other metals. It may contain not only metal amalgams, but. and the metals themselves in colloidal form, obtained either by reduction at the cathode from salts, or by the decay of unstable amalgams. [c.94]

Electrolytic production of sodium hypochlorite solution is carried out by electrolysis of sodium chloride solution in baths without a diaphragm. In this case, chlorine released at the anode reacts with sodium hydroxide formed at the cathode. In order to avoid the formation of sodium chlorate due to oxidation of CIO ions at the anode as they accumulate, electrolysis is carried out under conditions of minimal overvoltage with the release of chlorine and a low concentration of CIO ions in the anode electrolyte. To reduce the rate of decomposition of sodium hypochlorite, the process is carried out at 20-25 °, cooling the circulating electrolyte solution.Platinum-iridium grids serve as electrodes. Graphite anodes and cathodes can also be used. Electrolysis is carried out at a current density of up to 1400 aj M and a voltage between the electrodes of 3.7-4.2 volts. Calcium chloride and alizarin or rosin oil (0.1%) are added to the brine to prevent cathodic reduction. The current efficiency with the accumulation of active chlorine to 10-12% g / l decreases from 95% at the beginning of the process to 50-55%. At the initial concentration of the solution of 100-120 g / l Na l and the content in the final solution of 15-20 g / l of active chlorine, the energy consumption is 5.5-6 kWh per kg of active chlorine.With an increase in the final concentration of active chlorine, energy consumption increases due to a decrease in current efficiency. [c.701]

To reduce the wear of graphite anodes during the electrolysis of Na l solutions in electrolyzers with a diaphragm, they try to avoid the penetration of OH “ions from the cathode space into the anode one, to prevent an increase in the pH of the anolyte and the concentration of SO ions in the electrolyte, and work with the highest possible concentration of sodium chloride in the anolyte In electrolysers with a mercury cathode, they tend to work with a brine that does not contain amalgam poisons in order to reduce the concentration of hydrogen in chlorine and alkalinization of the anolyte. [c.100]

The research results showed that the presence of sodium fluoride in the initial electrolyte in an amount up to I g / L (the maximum concentration of CD was assigned based on the concentration of hypochlorite in the solution, the dose of active chlorine and water) does not affect the electrolysis process of table salt, which indicates the possibility of fluoridation of water simultaneously with its disinfection. Adjustment of the fluoride dose is possible by changing the concentration of sodium fluoride in the original brine. [c.77]

The technological scheme and appearance of the continuous hypochlorite unit KG-13 of the IONKh Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR are shown in Fig. 9.14, a. The 10% sodium chloride solution prepared in the tanks enters the working tank. From there, it is fed into a siphon tank, which ensures that the brine is supplied in certain portions and ruptures its jet, which prevents leakage of current through the electrolyte. From the siphon tank, the brine is drained into a distribution tank and flows into the receiving funnels of ten electrolysers.The latter are non-diaphragm baths of small capacity, where steel bodies of electrolyzers serve as cathodes. anodes – round graphite rods of chlorine baths, electrolyzers are continuously cooled with water supplied to the casings. The brine, entering the electrolyzer, fills the space between the anode and the body up to the drain hole. During the time determined by the pulsations of the siphon (30-90s), electrolysis proceeds, as a result of which sodium hypochlorite is formed in the solution. The next portion of the brine pushes the brine with the hypochlorite formed as a result of electrolysis out of the electrolysis cells through the drain coarse into the tank under the unit, from where it is fed into the treated water with the help of a dosing device.The technical characteristics of the KG-13 installation are as follows [c.787]

In Sterlitamaksm PA “Caustic”, the excessive consumption of brine is related to its use for the Ji I workshop during the shutdown date D 2, sulfuric acid – by the work of the workshop. low loads, overestimated concentration of waste acid. The overconsumption of hydrochloric acid is explained by the overestimated content of alkali in the return brine, for the group of anodes – by the replacement of electrolysis cells in excess of the POR schedule. [c.33]

Significant savings in the production of chlorine and alkali are achieved with the coordinated action of diaphragm and mercury electrolyzers.The method was developed by the company Diamond Shamro k orp. Only one cleaning is required to prepare the brine feeding this system. Salt brine is purified from calcium and magnesium impurities by treating it with hydroxide and sodium carbonate. The purified brine is adjusted with hydrochloric acid for pH (table salt to a concentration of 318-325 g / l. After that, the brine enters the diaphragm electrolyzer. The electrolyte from the diaphragm electrolyzer enters two evaporators, in which it is successively concentrated to an alkali content of 35 and 50%.In the first stage of evaporation, sodium chloride is precipitated. Part of it goes to saturate the brine that feeds the diaphragm electrolyzer, and the other part – to saturate the depleted brine, leaving it. The Na l content in the electrolyte decreases and an equivalent amount of sodium hydroxide is formed. [c.118]

If pure brine and mercury are used in electrolysis, and platinum serves as the anode, then with a low sodium content in the surface layer of the mercury cathode, i.e.That is, with good mixing, the evolution of hydrogen with an increase in the current density at the cathode will be practically negligible. It would seem that under these conditions it is possible to obtain current outputs close to 100%. However, in practical conditions, this is hindered by the side reduction process at the cathode of chlorine dissolved in the electrolyte. [c.327]

During periodic operation, brine or water is added to the bath and the electrolyte is added with solid salt. [c.378]

During electrolysis, solid salt and water or brine are added to the bath to re-saturate the electrolyte and replenish the water that has been scoured.Therefore, the concentration of sodium chloride by the end of electrolysis does not fall below 125 g l. The electrolyte from the bath is sent to the sump 3 with a steam jacket, where at 80-90 ° for 6-12 hours. particles of graphite are precipitated and all the hypochlorous acid passes into the chloric acid salt. From the settler, the solution is sent to a sand filter 4, and then to a vacuum evaporator 5 with a stirrer, where it is evaporated at 100 ° to beats. weight 1.5. During evaporation, sodium chloride falls out of solution and is separated in suction 6. After washing, sodium chloride is used to prepare the brine.A solution of sodium perchloric acid from the putsch is channeled into crystallization in a cast-iron enamel crystallizer 7. When cooled to 30 °, crystals of chloric acid precipitate. When using pure salt obtained by evaporation of purified brine or by some other method, the brine purification step is simplified. The electrolyte supplied to electrolysis has the following approximate composition: 280 g / l Na l, 40-80 g / l Na lOa, 3-6 g / l Na2 r20r and pH = 6-7.It is passed through a cascade of 4-6 electrolyzers connected in series by electric current and liquid current. As the electrolyte passes through the cascade, the concentration of sodium chloride in it decreases, while the concentration of chlorate increases. [c.65]

Electrolyte concentrated solution of chloride salt (300-330 g Na l or 280-300 g CC in 1 liter), previously purified from calcium salts (adding soda), magnesium (adding alkali), and sometimes and sulfates (with the addition of barium chloride) well-settled and filtered, heated to 35-70 ° C, sometimes slightly alkalized.The electrolyte from the brine preparation section is fed through iron pipelines to the electrolysis shop along a series of electrolysers connected in series and further to the feeder of each electrolyzer. [c.83]

Fresh purified brine (up to 310 g / l Na I) is fed to the upper end of the electrolyzer through a liquid rotameter (which measures the amount of brine supplied to the electrolysis) and a tube attached to the electrolyzer cover. Depleted electrolyte (260-275 g / l Na l) is removed together with chlorine through a rubberized tube passing through the bottom of the electrolyzer at its lower end.To maintain a minimum electrolyte level in the cell, the end of the brine outlet tube is located above the bottom. [c.356]

MANUAL INJECTOR AN 1

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Dorit Manual brine injector HSM – Eurotex

HSM brine injector consists of an IP-45 type impeller pump used for industrial automatic brine brine.The brine pump is equipped with a rubber impeller and is made entirely of high quality stainless steel. Average injection speed from 45 l / min, the pump is directly connected to a flanged electric motor. The electric motor is equipped with a special stainless steel shaft. Fresh brine is filtered through a large filter, then excess brine is collected and returned back to the brine tank. The injection gun can be equipped with single, double or triple needles for muscle or vein injection.Of course, injection guns and needles must be of the same type of high quality steel. The diameter of the needles is 4.5 or 3.00 mm.

Functions and operation:

Double-sided suction filter and re-filtration filter model 10-T-270 are installed on any tanks for water or brine, the diameter of which is not less than 40 cm. The pump is started with a factory-installed switch. After that, the brine can be fed through a hand gun and injected into the meat: injection with single needles for veins or injection with double or triple needles into the muscle.The amount of injected brine is determined by visually checking the weight gain on the scale.

Light pickle for basic types in python? Ru Python

All I want to do is serialize and unserialize string tuples or ints.

I’ve looked at pickle.dumps () but the byte overhead is significant. In fact, it looks like it takes up about 4x more space than it needs. Also, all I need are basic types and no need to serialize objects.

Marshal is slightly better in terms of space, but the result is full of nasty \ x00 bytes. Ideally, I would like the result to be human-readable.

I was thinking to just use the repr () and eval () functions, but is there an easy way to achieve this without using eval ()?

This is saved in the db, not in the file.Byte is an overhead issue because it can make the difference between requiring a TEXT column versus varchar, and generally the compactness of the data affects all areas of db performance.

Take a look at the json, at least the generated dumps can be read in many other languages.

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) http://json.org is a subset of JavaScript (ECMA-262 3rd edition) syntax used as a lightweight data interchange format.

I personally will be using yaml. it is on par with json for encoding size, but can be more complex things if needed (like classes, recursive structures).

  In [1]: import yaml In [2]: x = [1, 2, 3, 'pants'] In [3]: print (yaml.dump (x)) [1, 2, 3, pants] In [4]: ​​y = yaml.load ('[1, 2, 3, pants]') In [5]: y Out [5]: [1, 2, 3, 'pants']  

You may not be using the correct protocol:

  >>> import pickle >>> a = range (1, 100) >>> len (pickle.dumps (a)) 492 >>> len (pickle.dumps (a, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)) 206  

See documentation for pickle data formats.

If you need a space saving solution, you can use Google Protocol Buffers.

Protocol Buffers – Coding

Protocol Buffers – Python Tutorial

The python documentation mentions some built-in persistence functions, but I don’t think any of them are significantly less in the generated files.

You can always use configparser, but there you will only get a string, int, float, bool.

“byte overhead is significant”

Why does it matter? He does the job. If you are running low on disk space, I would be happy to sell you 1TB for $ 500.

Did you launch it? Is performance an issue? Can you demonstrate that serialization performance is an issue?

“I was thinking of just using the repr () and eval () functions, but is there an easy way to accomplish this without using eval ()?”

Nothing easier than roar and eval.

What’s wrong with eval?

Is there “someone could insert malicious code into the file where I serialized my lists”?

Who – specifically – is going to find and edit this file in order to inject malicious code? Anything you do to protect it (ie Encryption) removes the “simple” from it.

Fortunately, there is a solution that uses COMPRESSION and solves a common problem involving any arbitrary Python object, including new classes.Instead of managing small tuples, it is sometimes better to use the DRY tool.
Your code will be clearer and easier to refactor in similar future situations.

Module y_serial.py :: Python Object Stores with SQLite

“Serialization + persistence :: in a few lines of code, compress and annotate Python objects in SQLite, then chronologically rebuild them by non-SQL keywords. Most useful “standard” database module for storing schema-less data. “

http://yserial.sourceforge.net

[If you’re still worried why not insert these tuples into the dictionary and then apply y_serial to the dictionary. Probably any overhead will disappear due to transparent compression in the background by zlib.]

In terms of readability, the documentation also provides details on why cPickle was chosen over json.

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