When is the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic held. Who are the coaches selected for the event. How are players chosen for the tournament. What is the format of the competition. Where can fans watch the games.
The Prestigious Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic
The Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic stands as one of the premier events in high school lacrosse, bringing together the nation’s top senior boys and girls for an unforgettable showcase of talent. Held annually at Johnny Unitas Stadium at Towson University, this event has become a staple in the lacrosse community since its inception.
The classic features separate North vs. South All-Star Games for both boys and girls, highlighting the skills of 44 elite senior players in each division. Beyond the main event, the tournament has expanded to include an underclassmen component, providing a platform for standout juniors, sophomores, and freshmen to compete and potentially earn a spot in the Underclassmen Championship Games.
Coaching Lineup: Experience Meets Excellence
For the 2008 edition of the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic, four distinguished coaches have been selected to lead the teams:
- Skip Flanagan (Western Reserve Academy, Ohio) – Boys’ North Team
- Scott Corrigan (McDonogh, Maryland) – Boys’ South Team
- Bob Elmer (West Genessee, New York) – Girls’ North Team
- Krystin Porcella (John Carroll, Maryland) – Girls’ South Team
These coaches bring a wealth of experience and success to the event, each boasting impressive records and accolades in their respective careers.
Skip Flanagan: A Legacy of Success
Skip Flanagan enters the tournament with an impressive 271-39 record over his 26-year tenure at Western Reserve Academy. His accolades include:
- Two-time Coach of the Year
- Inducted into the Ohio Lacrosse Hall of Fame
- Inducted into the Avon Old Farms School Hall of Fame
- Experience coaching at collegiate powerhouses Rutgers, Princeton, and Michigan
Flanagan’s expertise extends beyond high school lacrosse, as he is set to serve as an assistant coach for the English Under-19 team in the upcoming World Games.
Scott Corrigan: Rising Star in Maryland Lacrosse
Scott Corrigan, in his third year at McDonogh, has quickly established himself as a force to be reckoned with. His accomplishments include:
- 45-15 record at McDonogh
- 104-40 career coaching record
- Three-time coach in the Virginia High School All-Star Game
- Virginia State Private League Championship winner
- 2002 U.S. Lacrosse Coach of the Year
Corrigan’s involvement with the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic spans three years, having served as an assistant in 2006 and leading the victorious Boys’ Baltimore squad in 2007.
Bob Elmer: Dominating New York Lacrosse
Bob Elmer’s record at West Genesee in New York is nothing short of remarkable. His achievements include:
- 164-14 record over nine years
- 2007 LaxPower and U.S. Lacrosse National Champions
- Six league championships
- Four sectional championships
- Four state titles
- Three-time Central New York Coach of the Year
Elmer’s ability to develop talent is evident in the 33 Division I players and 17 high school All-Americans he has coached during his tenure.
Krystin Porcella: Shaping the Future of Women’s Lacrosse
Krystin Porcella brings a unique blend of high school and international coaching experience to the event. Her recent accomplishments include:
- 14-0 record with John Carroll in 2008
- 2007 IAAM A Conference Championship
- 2007 Coach of the Year honors
- Assistant coach for the gold-medal-winning U.S. Under-19 team at the World Games
Porcella’s influence extends beyond coaching, as she serves as president of TOP and BAY Lacrosse, further contributing to the growth of the sport.
Tournament Format and Schedule
The Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic offers a full day of high-level competition. The schedule for the 2008 event is as follows:
- 2:00 PM – Underclassmen Girls’ Championship
- 4:00 PM – Underclassmen Boys’ Championship
- 6:00 PM – Girls’ Under Armour All-America Game
- 8:00 PM – Boys’ Under Armour All-America Game (Televised live on ESPNU)
The inclusion of the underclassmen tournament adds depth to the event, providing younger players with valuable exposure and competition experience.
Player Selection Process
The selection of players for the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic is a rigorous process that ensures only the top talent participates. For the senior All-America games, a committee of lacrosse experts evaluates players throughout their high school careers, considering factors such as individual skills, team success, and overall impact on the game.
For the underclassmen tournament, tryouts are open to all boys and girls from grades nine through eleven in Baltimore, New Jersey, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. This regional approach allows for a diverse pool of talent and provides opportunities for players from different lacrosse hotbeds to showcase their skills.
Impact on College Recruitment
Participation in the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic can significantly impact a player’s college recruitment prospects. The event attracts numerous college coaches and scouts, providing a unique opportunity for players to demonstrate their skills against top-tier competition.
Many participants in past Under Armour All-America games have gone on to successful collegiate careers, with some even reaching professional levels. The exposure and experience gained from this event can be invaluable for young athletes aspiring to play at the next level.
Growing the Game: Under Armour’s Commitment to Lacrosse
Under Armour’s involvement in this prestigious event underscores the company’s commitment to growing the sport of lacrosse. As a leading developer and distributor of performance apparel, footwear, and accessories, Under Armour brings its innovative approach to the lacrosse community.
The company’s support extends beyond sponsorship, as they provide cutting-edge gear and apparel to participants, ensuring that these young athletes have access to the best equipment available. This partnership between Under Armour and the lacrosse community helps drive the sport forward, attracting new players and elevating the level of competition.
The Future of the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic
As the sport of lacrosse continues to grow in popularity across the United States and globally, the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic is poised to play an increasingly important role in showcasing emerging talent. The event’s expansion to include underclassmen tournaments demonstrates a commitment to providing opportunities for younger players and fostering long-term growth in the sport.
Looking ahead, we can expect to see continued innovation in the tournament format, potentially including more regional representation or international components. The partnership between Under Armour and Corrigan Sports Enterprises provides a strong foundation for future growth and development of this premier lacrosse event.
As the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic evolves, it will undoubtedly continue to serve as a benchmark for excellence in high school lacrosse, inspiring the next generation of players and contributing to the overall advancement of the sport.
| UA Newsroom
Coaches For Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic SelectedBaltimore, MD (May 8, 2008) Under Armour, Inc. (NYSE:UA) Under Armour and Corrigan Sports Enterprises announced today the four coaches for the third annual Under Armour Lacrosse All-America Classic on Saturday, July 12th at Johnny Unitas Stadium at Towson University. The Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic showcases the top 44 senior boys and girls competing in separate North vs. South All-Star Games. In addition, this year’s expanded underclassmen tournament features standout juniors, sophomores and freshmen from Baltimore, New Jersey, Philadelphia and Washington, DC. The underclassmen are playing for the chance to represent their region in the Underclassmen Boys’ and Underclassmen Girls’ Championship Games.
The coaching line-up for the Under Armour All-America games features Western Reserve Academy’s (Ohio) Skip Flanagan against McDonogh’s (Md.) Scott Corrigan in the boys’ game and West Genessee’s (N.Y.) Bob Elmer taking on John Carroll’s (Md.) Krystin Porcella in the girls’ game. Corrigan was victorious last year as the coach of Baltimore Boys Underclassmen team. Flanagan maintains a record of 271-39 and has led Western Reserve to a 10-2 mark this season, his 26th season at the helm. He is a two-time Coach of the Year honoree and has been inducted into both the Ohio Lacrosse and Avon Old Farms School Hall of Fame. As a player and a coach, Flanagan has spent time at Rutgers, Princeton and Michigan. Before coaching in the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic, Flanagan will serve as an assistant coach on the English Under-19 team in the upcoming World Games.
Corrigan is in his third year at the helm of McDonogh and has compiled a record of 45-15 during that span, while owning a career mark of 104-40. This marks his third straight year being a part of the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic having served as an assistant in the 2006 Underclassmen game and as the head coach of the victorious Boys’ Baltimore squad last year. During Corrigan’s career, he has coached over ten high school All-Americans, been selected three times to coach in the Virginia High School All-Star Game and won the Virginia State Private League Championship. In 2002, he was named a U.S. Lacrosse Coach of the Year.
Elmer owns a record of 164-14 in nine years at West Genesee in New York. Currently, his team is 9-0 and ranked fourth in the latest LaxPower.com poll. Elmer’s squad was the 2007 LaxPower and U.S. Lacrosse National Champions. His teams have won six league championships, four sectional championships and four state titles. Elmer is a three-time Central New York Coach of the Year. During his tenure, he has coached 33 Division I players, 17 of which were high school All-Americans.
Porcella’s John Carroll team is 14-0 and ranked second in the country. Last year, she led her team to the IAAM A Conference Championship and garnered Coach of the Year honors. In addition, she served as an assistant coach for the U.S. Under-19 team that won gold at last year’s World Games. Porcella also serves as a president of the TOP and BAY Lacrosse. Prior to coaching at John Carroll, she worked at Loyola College and Virginia Tech, leading the Hokies to their first ever national ranking.
The Underclassmen Girls’ Championship will be played at 2:00 p.m. followed by the Boys’ Championship at 4:00 p.m., and the Girls’ Under Armour All-America Game at 6:00 p.m. The Boys’ Under Armour All-America Game will be televised nationally live on ESPNU at 8:00 p.m. EDT. The 2008 Under Armour All-American team will be announced in a few weeks. Tryout information for the expanded Underclassmen tournament is now available at www.underarmourlacrosse.com. All boys and girls from grades ninth through eleventh in Baltimore, New Jersey, Philadelphia and Washington, D.C. are eligible to participate.
For more information visit www.underarmourlacrosse.com or call 410-605-9381.
About Under Armour, Inc.
Under Armour® (NYSE: UA) is a leading developer, marketer, and distributor of branded performance apparel, footwear, and accessories. The brand’s moisture-wicking synthetic fabrications are engineered in many different designs and styles for wear in nearly every climate to provide a performance alternative to traditional natural fiber products. The Company’s products are sold worldwide and worn by athletes at all levels, from youth to professional, on playing fields around the globe. The Under Armour global headquarters is in Baltimore, Maryland, with European headquarters in Amsterdam’s Olympic Stadium, and additional offices in Denver, Hong Kong, Toronto, and Guangzhou, China. For further information, please visit the Company’s website at www.underarmour.com.
Corrigan Sports Enterprises
The Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic is a Corrigan Sports Enterprises Event. Corrigan Sports Enterprises is a leader in sports promotions in the Baltimore/Washington D.C. region. Founded in 1991, CSE owns and operates the following events: Under Armour Baltimore Running Festival, The CareFirst Frederick Running Festival, the Charm City Challenge All-Star Basketball Game, the Under Armour Capital Classic, the Toyota Pro Beach Volleyball Series, BikeJam and the Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic.
2020 Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Weekend Set for July 9–12 | by Corrigan Sports Lacrosse
Baltimore, Md. (September 4, 2019) — Corrigan Sports Enterprises (CSE) in conjunction with Under Armour, and Inside Lacrosse, announced next year’s Under Armour All-America lacrosse games and Underclass tournament will take place July 9th–12th.
2019 Senior Boys Game @ Homewood Field
Johns Hopkins’ historic Homewood Field will once again host the 15th annual All-America senior games on Saturday, July 11.
The Underclass tournament, featuring boys and girls from the graduating classes of 2021–2024, will return to Meadowood Regional Park and the St. Paul’s Schools.
Lee Corrigan, president of CSE, said: “We thought consolidating all of the Underclass competition into one venue in 2019 for the first time really
Entrance of the 2019 Underclass Venue @ Meadowood Park
generated a festive atmosphere around the summer’s top high school lacrosse tournament. We received great feedback from parents, players, and coaches and look to build upon the new energy moving forward.”
For more information about the event, visit http://www.underarmourlacrosse.com. You can also follow the event on Twitter at www.twitter.com/UALacrosse and www.twitter.com/CSELax. Use the hashtag: #UAALLAMERICA.
-More-
About Under Armour, Inc.
Under Armour (NYSE: UA), the originator of performance footwear, apparel and equipment, revolutionized how athletes across the world dress. Designed to make all athletes better, the brand’s innovative products are sold worldwide to athletes at all levels. The Under Armour Connected Fitness™ platform powers the world’s largest digital health and fitness community through a suite of applications: UA Record, MapMyFitness, Endomondo and MyFitnessPal. The Under Armour global headquarters is in Baltimore, Maryland. For further information, please visit the Company’s website at www.uabiz.com.
About Corrigan Sports Enterprises, Inc.
The Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Games are a Corrigan Sports Enterprises (CSE) event. CSE was established in 1991 with the goal of creating, managing and implementing sports and event marketing opportunities for the corporate community from conception to fruition. In that time, CSE grew into one of the strongest marketing organizations in the Baltimore/Washington area. In 2010 the addition of the Oakland (Ca.) Running Festival and the partnership with the Intercollegiate Women’s Lacrosse Coaches Association (IWLCA) enabled CSE to expand nationally. Other CSE Lacrosse properties include the IMLCA National Cup, and Rumble in Richmond. Additionally, CSE operates major running events such as the Baltimore Running Festival, the Frederick Running Festival, and Baltimore 10 Miler. For more information please visit www.CorriganSports.com.
About Inside Lacrosse
Inside Lacrosse is the premier media outlet for the sport of lacrosse, covering print (Inside Lacrosse Magazine, Face-Off Yearbook), online (InsideLacrosse. com and its network of sites), social media (Like us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter), video (ILTelevision.com) and events (IL Invitational, IL Regional Fall Showcases). IL is the online partner of ESPN.com.
Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Games: How to watch the games, rosters, and players to watch
Some of the best high school players from across the country will descend to Homewood Field on the campus of Johns Hopkins University Saturday night.
The best girls in the country will play at 5:30 PM ET, while the best boys from the United States and Canada will follow at 8:00 PM ET. Both games will be televised on ESPNU as part of the network’s annual “Summer of Next” series. The games can also be streamed online or by using the ESPN app.
Quint Kessenich, Sheehan Stanwick Burch, and Booker Corrigan will call the girls’ game, while Kessenich, Paul Carcaterra, and Corrigan will call the boys’ game.
Girls’ Preview
Here are the North and South rosters for the girls’ game.
Under Armour Girls North Roster
Player # | Player | Position | High School | College |
---|---|---|---|---|
Player # | Player | Position | High School | College |
1 | Meaghan Tyrrell | Attack | Mt. Sinai (NY) | Syracuse |
2 | Shonly Wallace | Attack | Mission Secondary (BC) | Stony Brook |
3 | Shannon Berry | Midfield | Ward Melville (NY) | Princeton |
9 | Jenn Medjid | Attack | Garden City (NY) | Boston College |
10 | Courtney Weeks | Midfield | Bayport Blue-Point (NY) | Boston College |
11 | Meaghan Scutaro | Defense | Mt. Sinai (NY) | Notre Dame |
12 | Hannah Mardiney | Attack | Notre Dame Prep (MD) | Florida |
13 | Katie Ramsay | Midfield/Draw | Darien (CT) | USC |
14 | Isabelle Scane | Midfield | Cranbrook Kingswood (MI) | Northwestern |
15 | Caitlynn Mossman | Attack | Notre Dame Prep (MD) | Boston College |
16 | Emma Jaques | Midfield | Darien (CT) | Northwestern |
17 | Maria Pansini | Defense | Agnes Irwin (PA) | Princeton |
18 | Emerson Cabrera | Midfield | Northport (NY) | Florida |
19 | Grace Hulslander | Midfield | Christian Brothers Academy (NY) | Harvard |
20 | Cassidy Weeks | Midfield | Bayport Blue-Point (NY) | Boston College |
23 | Elle Hansen | Midfield | Cohasset (MA) | Northwestern |
24 | Shay Clevenger | Defense | Marriotts Ridge (MD) | Louisville |
25 | Madison Rielly | Attack | Manhasset (NY) | Maryland |
26 | Lillie Kloak | Midfield | Ridgewood (NJ) | Virginia |
27 | Katie Detwiler | Defense | Archbishop Carroll (PA) | Loyola |
32 | Sarah Reznick | Goalie | Long Beach (NY) | Florida |
33 | Madison Doucette | Goalie | Unionville (PA) | Northwestern |
Under Armour Girls South Roster
Player # | Player | Position | High School | College |
---|---|---|---|---|
Player # | Player | Position | High School | College |
1 | Erin Bakes | Midfield | Ransom Everglades (FL) | USC |
3 | Annie Dyson | Midfield | St. Stephen’s & St. Agnes (VA) | Virginia |
4 | Courtney Anderson | Defense | Coppell (TX) | Stanford |
9 | Anna Callahan | Midfield | Glenelg (MD) | Duke |
10 | Elizabeth Hillman | Midfield | Bel Air (MD) | North Carolina |
11 | Megan Carney | Attack | John Paul II (TX) | Syracuse |
12 | Elizabeth Farnsworth | Midfield | Hutchison School (TN) | Virginia |
13 | Madison Mote | Midfield | Bishop Ireton (VA) | Notre Dame |
14 | Kennedy Lynch | Defense | Garrison Forest (MD) | Maryland |
15 | Julia Hoffman | Attack | McDonogh (MD) | Maryland |
16 | Chloe Johnson | Midfield | Magruder (MD) | Ohio State |
17 | Jillian Wilson | Midfield | Gerstell Academy (MD) | Loyola |
18 | Lexi LeDoyen | Attack | Bishop Ireton (VA) | Syracuse |
19 | Alex Marino | Attack | Bryn Mawr (MD) | Syracuse |
20 | Charlie Rudy | Attack/Midfield | Novato (CA) | Colorado |
23 | Darby Welsh | Midfield | St. Paul’s School for Girls (MD) | Maryland |
24 | Sarah Cooper | Defense | Notre Dame Prep (MD) | Syracuse |
25 | Tayler Warehime | Midfield | Manchester Valley (MD) | North Carolina |
26 | Gabi Hall | Defense | Bel Air (MD) | North Carolina |
29 | Maddie Jenner | Midfield/Draw | McDonogh (MD) | Duke |
32 | Rachel Hall | Goalie | Cypress Woods (TX) | Oregon |
33 | Julia Cooper | Goalie | McDonogh (MD) | Stanford |
All-American Talent Breakdown by State
- Maryland (16) (13 alone are on the South team)
- New York (10)
- Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia (3)
- Connecticut (2)
- British Columbia, California, Florida, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, Tennessee (1)
All-American Talent Breakdown by Incoming School
- Syracuse (5)
- Boston College, Maryland, Northwestern (4)
- Florida, North Carolina, Virginia (3)
- Duke, Loyola, Notre Dame, Princeton, Stanford, USC (2)
- Colorado, Harvard, Louisville, Ohio State, Oregon, Stony Brook (1)
North Players to Watch
- Hannah Mardiney, A, Florida
- Cassidy Weeks, M, Boston College
- Katie Detwiler, D, Loyola
- Sarah Reznick, G, Florida
South Players to Watch
- Megan Carney, A, Syracuse
- Elizabeth Hillman, M, North Carolina
- Sarah Cooper, D, Syracuse
- Julia Cooper, G, Stanford
Boys’ Preview
Here are the North and South rosters for the boys’ game.
Under Armour Boys North Roster
Player # | Player | Position | High School | College |
---|---|---|---|---|
Player # | Player | Position | High School | College |
1 | Griffin Cook | Attack | Jamesville-DeWitt (NY) | Syracuse |
4 | Nick Loring | Midfield | Noble & Greenough (MA) | Harvard |
5 | Jose Boyer | LSM | Deerfield (MA) | Notre Dame |
6 | Bryce Clay | Attack | Forest Hills Central (MI) | Michigan |
7 | Xander Dickson | Attack | Brunswick (CT) | Virginia |
8 | Michael Gomez | Defense | Half Hollow Hills East (NY) | Johns Hopkins |
9 | Sean Kuttin | Midfield | Chaminade (NY) | Yale |
10 | John John Lombardi | Attack | Salisbury (CT) | Cornell |
11 | Brett Makar | Defense | Yorktown (NY) | Maryland |
12 | Joe Neuman | FOGO | Salisbury (CT) | Yale |
13 | Alex Simmons | Attack/Midfield | Culver (IN) | Denver |
14 | Griffin Westlin | Attack/Midfield | Seton Hall Prep (NJ) | Notre Dame |
20 | Andrew Bonafede | Goalie | Chaminade (NY) | Duke |
21 | Will Bowen | Defense | Boston College High (MA) | North Carolina |
22 | Patrick Burkinshaw | Goalie | Brunswick (CT) | Virginia |
23 | Brian Cameron | Attack | Bishop Guertin (NH) | North Carolina |
24 | Peter Fiorini | Midfield | Baldwinsville (NY) | Syracuse |
25 | Matt Magnan | Midfield | Fox Lane (NY) | Syracuse |
26 | Frank Marinello | Defense | Chaminade (NY) | Duke |
27 | Wilson Stephenson | Defense | Brunswick (CT) | Duke |
28 | George Wichelns | Attack | Connectquot (NY) | Maryland |
29 | Evan Zinn | Midfield | Staples (CT) | Johns Hopkins |
Under Armour Boys South Roster
Player # | Player | Position | High School | College |
---|---|---|---|---|
Player # | Player | Position | High School | College |
1 | BJ Farrare | LSM | McDonogh (MD) | Penn |
4 | Owen Caputo | Midfield | Middle Creek (NC) | Duke |
5 | Isaiah Dawson | Midfield | Bishop’s (CA) | Harvard |
6 | Drew Erickson | Attack | San Ramon Valley (CA) | Denver |
7 | Jacob Kelly | Attack | Calvert Hall (MD) | North Carolina |
8 | Kyle Long | Attack/Midfield | Springfield-Delco (PA) | Maryland |
9 | Alex Mazzone | Defense | Ward Melville (NY) | Georgetown |
10 | Chase Scanlan | Midfield | IMG Academy (FL) | Loyola |
11 | Jack Simmons | Midfield | McDonogh (MD) | Virginia |
12 | Nicky Solomon | Attack | Centennial (GA) | North Carolina |
13 | Joey Epstein | Attack | Landon (MD) | Johns Hopkins |
20 | Matt Brandau | Attack | Boys’ Latin (MD) | Yale |
21 | Quentin Buchman | Midfield | Santa Margarita (CA) | Notre Dame |
22 | Jeff Conner | Midfield | Strath Haven (PA) | Virginia |
23 | Evan Egan | Defense | Torrey Pines (CA) | North Carolina |
24 | Aleric Fyock | Goalie | St. Mary’s (MD) | Penn State |
25 | Tanner Hay | Defense | Victor (NY) | Albany |
26 | Chayse Ierlan | Goalie | Victor (NY) | Cornell |
27 | Ricky Miezan | Midfield | Episcopal (VA) | Stanford (football) |
28 | Jack Myers | Attack | Gonzaga (DC) | Ohio State |
29 | Cade Saustad | Defense | Highland Park (TX) | Virginia |
30 | Mike Sisselberger | FOGO | Southern Lehigh (PA) | Lehigh |
36 | Garrett Leadmon | Midfield | DeMatha (MD) | Duke |
*Ricky Miezan will not play in tonight’s game due to his football commitments at Stanford. He was originally a North Carolina commit.
All-American Talent Breakdown by State
- New York (16) (12 alone are on the North team)
- Maryland (8)
- California, Connecticut (4)
- Pennsylvania (3)
- Massachusetts (2)
- Georgia, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ontario, Texas, Virginia (1)
All-American Talent Breakdown by Incoming School
- Duke, North Carolina, Virginia (5)
- Johns Hopkins, Maryland, Notre Dame, Syracuse, Yale (3)
- Cornell, Denver, Harvard (2)
- Albany, Georgetown, Lehigh, Loyola, Michigan, Ohio State, Penn, Penn State, Stanford (for football) (1)
North Players to Watch
- Brian Cameron, A, North Carolina
- Evan Zinn, M, Johns Hopkins
- Will Bowen, D, North Carolina
- Andrew Bonafede, G, Duke
South Players to Watch
- Joey Epstein, A, Johns Hopkins
- Isaiah Dawson, M, Harvard
- Evan Egan, D, North Carolina
- Chayse Ierlan, G, Cornell
Make sure you listen to the interviews I did with some of the guys participating in tonight’s finale!
The players have already done a lot since arriving in Maryland on Thursday:
Syracuse lacrosse recruits among boys, girls Under Armor All-Americans
Attack Owen Hiltz (left), a Syracuse lacrosse recruit out of Culver Academy in Indiana, is an Under Armor All-American. (Jan Garrison)Jan Garrison
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Syracuse, N.Y. — Even though the showcase games themselves were canceled by the coronavirus, Inside Lacrosse on Tuesday announced its 2020 boys and girls senior Under Armour All-American lacrosse selections.
One Syracuse recruit made the boys list: attack Owen Hiltz out of Culver Academy in Indiana. On the girls side, midfielder Jennifer Markey from Mt. Sinai and defender Katie Goodale from Riverhead were honored.
The contests had been scheduled for Aug. 8 in Baltimore.
Here’s the full North and South squads, along with their colleges.
BOYS
North
Attack
- Xavier Arline, Shoreham Wading River (N.Y.), Navy
- Michael Boehm, St. Ignatius (Ohio), Michigan
- Owen Hiltz, Culver (Ind.), Syracuse
- CJ Kirst, Delbarton (N.J.), Cornell
- Casey McDermott, Brighton (N.Y.), Johns Hopkins
- Brennan O’Neill, St. Anthony’s (N.Y.), Duke
Midfield
- Sean Cameron, Bishop Guertin (N.H.), Princeton
- Andrew Dalton, St. Michael’s (Ont.), Cornell
- Aidan Danenza, St. Anthony’s (N.Y.), Duke
- Connell Kumar, Seton Hall Prep (N.J.), Virginia
- Chris Lyons, Shawnee (N.J.), Yale
- Colin Reilly, Avon Old Farms (Conn.), North Carolina
- Kyle Stephenson, Seton Hall Prep (N.J.), Michigan
LSM/Defense
- Seamus Foley, Benilde-St. Margaret (Minn.), Georgetown
- Cole Krauss, Delbarton (N.J.), Duke
- Jack Follows, Hill Academy (Ont.), Cornell
- Nicholas LiCalzi, South Side (N.Y.), Navy
- Caleb Newman, Lebanon (Oh.), Cornell
Goalies
- Gabe Craven, Hun School (N.J.), Navy
- Collin Krieg, Ward Melville (N.Y.), North Carolina
South
Attack
- Brendan Grimes, Boys’ Latin (Md.), Johns Hopkins
- TJ Haley, St. John’s (D.C.), Georgetown
- Daniel Kelly, Calvert Hall (Md. ), Maryland
- Sam King, Gilman (Md.), Harvard
- Eric Malever, Woodward Academy (Ga.), Maryland
- Patrick McIntosh, Salisbury (Conn.), Virginia
Midfield
- Gabe Goforth, Bishop Shanahan (Pa.), Maryland
- Cole Herbert, Calvert Hall (Md.), North Carolina
- Dylan Hess, Ponte Vedra (Fla.), Georgetown
- Jack Koras, Loyola Blakefield (Md.), Maryland
- Charlie O’Connor, Paul VI (Va.), Duke
- Carter Parlette, Ponte Vedra (Fla.), Notre Dame
- Dane Swanson, McDonogh (Md.), Navy
- Marquez White, Poway (Calif.), Princeton
LSM/defense
- Jackson Bonitz, McDonogh (Md.), Navy
- James Chastain, Avon Grove (Pa.), Air Force
- Scott Smith, Conestoga (Pa.), Johns Hopkins
- Jack Stuzin, Gilman (Md.), Yale
- Will Tominovich, St. Mary’s (Md.), Georgetown
- Ben Wayer, St. Stephen’s & St. Agnes (Va.), Virginia
Goalies
- George Alvarez, St. John’s (D.C.), Harvard
- Michael Gianforcaro, Culver (Ind.), Princeton
GIRLS
North
Attack
- Mackenzie Hoeg, Mattituck (N.Y.), Virginia
- Leah Holmes, Hackley (N.Y.), Northwestern
- Ashley Humphrey, Darien (Conn.), Stanford
- Sarah Jaques, Darien (Conn.), Stanford
- Morgan Schwab, Fairport (N.Y.), Virginia
Midfield
- Annabelle Burke, Loyola Academy (Ill.), Michigan
- Alexa Gentile, Northport (N.Y.), North Carolina
- Ailish Kelly, Bayport-Blue Point (N.Y.), Stanford
- Jennifer Markey, Mt. Sinai (N.Y.), Syracuse
- Ellie Masera, Eastport-South Manor (N.Y.), Stony Brook
- Danielle Pavinelli, Northport (N.Y.), Florida
- Andrea Reynolds, Holderness School (N.H.), Boston College
- Gina-Marie Ricciotti, Bridgewater-Raynham (Mass.), Harvard
- Kristen Shanahan, Sachem East (N.Y.), Notre Dame
- Isabelle Smith, Westhampton Beach (N.Y. ), Boston College
- Sophie Student, St. Mark’s (Mass.), Virginia Tech
- Fallon Vaughn, Concord-Carlisle (Mass.), Yale
Defense
- Katie Goodale, Riverhead (N.Y.), Syracuse
- Annabelle Hasselbeck, Rivers School (Mass.), Boston College
- Amelia Sheehan, Sacred Heart Greenwich (Conn.), North Carolina
Goalies
- Olivia Geoghan, McDonogh (Md.), Stanford
- Julia Hammerschlag, McDonogh (Md.), Florida
South
Attack
- Campbell Case, St. Margaret’s (Calif.), Johns Hopkins
- Reilly Casey, Bishop Ireton (Va.), North Carolina
- Katie DeSimone, St. Anthony’s (N.Y.), Duke
- Maggi Hall, Bel Air (Md.), Florida
- Caitlyn Wurzburger, American Heritage-Delray (Fla.), North Carolina
Midfield
- Kayla Abernathy, McDonogh (Md.), Penn State
- Maggie Bostain, Collegiate (Va.), Virginia
- Eloise Clevenger, Marriotts Ridge (Md.), Maryland
- Gretchen Gilmore, Glen Ridge (N.J.), Penn State
- Kristin O’Neill, Archbishop Spalding (Md.), Penn State
- Natalie Pansini, Agnes Irwin (Pa.), Princeton
- Keelin Schlageter, Oak Knoll (N.J.), Notre Dame
- Shannon Smith, Roland Park Country School (Md.), North Carolina
- Kathryn Toohey, Garnet Valley (Pa.), Penn State
- Devon Whitaker, Episcopal Academy (Pa.), Virginia
- Aubrey Williams, Bishop Ireton (Va.), Virginia
- Alanna Wray, Liberty (Md.), Loyola
- Sophia Wrisk, Catonsville (Md.), Maryland
Defense
- Aine Maseker, Oak Knoll (N.J.), Notre Dame
- Kennedy Williamson, Glenelg Country School (Md.), Maryland
Goalies
- Regan Alexander, Lake Highland Prep (Fla.), Ohio State
- Chloe Provenzano, American Heritage-Delray (Fla.), Harvard
Lindsay Kramer is a reporter for the Syracuse Post-Standard and syracuse.com. Got a comment or idea for a story? He can be reached via email at LKramer@Syracuse. com.
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Under Armour Senior All America lacrosse watch lists announced, 24 area players recognized
The Conversation
Derek Chauvin trial: 3 questions America needs to ask about seeking racial justice in a court of law
A demonstration outside the Hennepin County Government Center in Minneapolis on March 29, 2021, the day Derek Chauvin’s trial began on charges he murdered George Floyd. Stephen Maturen/Getty ImagesThere is a difference between enforcing the law and being the law. The world is now witnessing another in a long history of struggles for racial justice in which this distinction may be ignored. Derek Chauvin, a 45-year-old white former Minneapolis police officer, is on trial for second-degree murder, third-degree murder, and second-degree manslaughter for the May 25, 2020, death of George Floyd, a 46-year-old African American man. There are three questions I find important to consider as the trial unfolds. These questions address the legal, moral and political legitimacy of any verdict in the trial. I offer them from my perspective as an Afro-Jewish philosopher and political thinker who studies oppression, justice and freedom. They also speak to the divergence between how a trial is conducted, what rules govern it – and the larger issue of racial justice raised by George Floyd’s death after Derek Chauvin pressed his knee on Floyd’s neck for more than nine minutes. They are questions that need to be asked: 1. Can Chauvin be judged as guilty beyond a reasonable doubt? The presumption of innocence in criminal trials is a feature of the U.S. criminal justice system. And a prosecutor must prove the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt to a jury of the defendant’s peers. The history of the United States reveals, however, that these two conditions apply primarily to white citizens. Black defendants tend to be treated as guilty until proved innocent. Racism often leads to presumptions of reasonableness and good intentions when defendants and witnesses are white, and irrationality and ill intent when defendants, witnesses and even victims are black. An activist watches the murder trial of former Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin outside the Hennepin County Government Center in Minneapolis on March 30, 2021. Kerem Yucel / AFP/via Getty Images Additionally, race affects jury selection. The history of all-white juries for black defendants and rarely having black jurors for white ones is evidence of a presumption of white people’s validity of judgment versus that of Black Americans. Doubt can be afforded to a white defendant in circumstances where it would be denied a black one. Thus, Chauvin, as white, could be granted that exculpating doubt despite the evidence shared before millions of viewers in a live-streamed trial. 2. What is the difference between force and violence? The customary questioning of police officers who harm people focuses on their use of what’s called “excessive force.” This presumes the legal legitimacy of using force in the first place in the specific situation. Violence, however, is the use of illegitimate force. As a result of racism, Black people are often portrayed as preemptively guilty and dangerous. It follows that the perceived threat of danger makes “force” the appropriate description when a police officer claims to be preventing violence. This understanding makes it difficult to find police officers guilty of violence. To call the act “violence” is to acknowledge that it is improper and thus falls, in the case of physical acts of violence, under the purview of criminal law. Once their use of force is presumed legitimate, the question of degree makes it nearly impossible for jurors to find officers guilty. Floyd, who was suspected of purchasing items from a store with a counterfeit bill, was handcuffed and complained of not being able to breathe when Chauvin pulled him from the police vehicle and he fell face down on the ground. Footage from the incident revealed that Chauvin pressed his knee on Floyd’s neck for nine minutes and 29 seconds. Floyd was motionless several minutes in, and he had no pulse when Alexander Kueng, one of the officers, checked. Chauvin didn’t remove his knee until paramedics arrived and asked him to get off of Floyd so they could examine the motionless patient. If force under the circumstances is unwarranted, then its use would constitute violence in both legal and moral senses. Where force is legitimate (for example, to prevent violence) but things go wrong, the presumption is that a mistake, instead of intentional wrongdoing, occurred. An important, related distinction is between justification and excuse. Violence, if the action is illegitimate, is not justified. Force, however, when justified, can become excessive. The question at that point is whether a reasonable person could understand the excess. That understanding makes the action morally excusable. Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo testified, Court TV via AP, Pool 3. Is there ever excusable police violence? Police are allowed to use force to prevent violence. But at what point does the force become violence? When its use is illegitimate. In U.S. law, the force is illegitimate when done “in the course of committing an offense.” Sgt. David Pleoger, Chauvin’s former supervisor, stated in the trial: “When Mr. Floyd was no longer offering up any resistance to the officers, they could have ended their restraint.” Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo testified, “To continue to apply that level of force to a person proned-out, handcuffed behind their back, that in no way, shape or form is anything that is by policy.” He declared, “I vehemently disagree that that was an appropriate use of force.” That an act was deemed by prosecutors to be violent, defined as an illegitimate use of force resulting in death, is a necessary conclusion for charges of murder and manslaughter. Both require ill intent or, in legal terms, a mens rea (“evil mind”). The absence of a reasonable excuse affects the legal interpretation of the act. That the act was not preventing violence but was, instead, one of committing it, made the action inexcusable. The Chauvin case, like so many others, leads to the question: What is the difference between enforcing the law and imagining being the law? Enforcing the law means one is acting within the law. That makes the action legitimate. Being the law forces others, even law-abiding people, below the enforcer, subject to their actions. If no one is equal to or above the enforcer, then the enforcer is raised above the law. Such people would be accountable only to themselves. Police officers and any state officials who believe they are the law, versus implementers or enforcers of the law, place themselves above the law. Legal justice requires pulling such officials back under the jurisdiction of law. The purpose of a trial is, in principle, to subject the accused to the law instead of placing him, her, or them above it. Where the accused is placed above the law, there is an unjust system of justice. This article has been updated to correct the charges Chauvin is facing. [Deep knowledge, daily. Sign up for The Conversation’s newsletter.]This article is republished from The Conversation, a nonprofit news site dedicated to sharing ideas from academic experts. It was written by: Lewis R. Gordon, University of Connecticut. Read more:Derek Chauvin trial begins in George Floyd murder case: 5 essential reads on police violence against Black menPolice officers accused of brutal violence often have a history of complaints by citizensWhite supremacy is the root of all race-related violence in the US Lewis R. Gordon does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
Three Irish Women’s Lacrosse Recruits Named Under Armour All-Americans – Notre Dame Fighting Irish – Official Athletics Website
June 11, 2007
Baltimore, Md. – Three Notre Dame women’s lacrosse recruits have been selected as 2007 Under Armour high school All-Americans and will participate in the second annual Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic game on Saturday, June 16. The game will be played at Loyola College in Baltimore, Md., at 3:00 p.m.
Named to the Under Armour All-American team are midfielders Kailene Abt (Huntington, N.Y.) and Shaylyn Blaney (Stony Brook, N.Y.) along with defender Jackie Doherty (Ellicott City, Md.). Abt and Blaney will play for the Girls North Team while Doherty will see action for the Girls South Team.
The 2007 Under Armour All-America Team recognizes the top up-and-coming high school lacrosse talent, consisting of the best boys and girls senior lacrosse players in the country, each of whom was selected by a panel of experts headed by Kim Simons on the girls’ side and Gary Gait on the boys’ side and organized by the team at Inside Lacrosse Magazine.
The 2007 Under Armour All-America Lacrosse Classic will take place at Loyola College’s Geppi-Aikens Field. A full day of events is scheduled, beginning with the STX Lacrosse Youth Clinic at 9:00 a.m. Following that event at 11:00 a.m., is the D.C. vs. Baltimore Girls’ underclassmen game. At 1:00 p.m., the D.C. vs. Baltimore Boys’ underclassmen game. The All-American girls will square off at 1:00 p.m. in a North vs. South format before the All-American boys game closes the day live on ESPNU at 5:00 p.m.
Abt helped lead Huntington High School to a 14-6 record and a trip to the Suffolk County Class B finals where they lost in the championship game to Rocky Point. A three-sport athlete, Abt is a four-year starter in field hockey, basketball and lacrosse, playing midfiled on Huntington’s girls’ lacrosse team. A member of US Lacrosse’s Under-19 team, she served as team captain this season. A first team All-Suffolk County selection from 2004-06, Abt is a member of the Long Island Yellow Jackets club team, where she helped them to the `04 and `05 national club championship and in `05-’06 was selected first team all-Galaxy. She has twice played in the US Lacrosse national tournament, helping New York 1, along with incoming freshman Shaylyn Blaney, to the national tournament championship in 2006.
Blaney is a talented midfield/attack player who has now gained All-American honors for three consecutive years at Ward Melville High School in Stony Brook, N.Y. A member of the USA Under-19 Team, the high-scoring Blaney is considered by many to be the top recruit in the nation. This season, she helped guide Ward Melville to a 15-1 record, scoring over 60 goals on the year. As a junior in 2006, she had 57 goals and 14 assists for 71 points and for her career at Ward Melville has scored over 260 goals. An all-county selection as a sophomore and a junior, Blaney also plays for the Long Island Express club team. A three-time member of the New York Region team that participated in the US Lacrosse national championship, Blaney, along with Kailene Abt, were members of the 2006 national championship team. She also has been a member of three Empire State teams, winning a gold medal in `06 and silver medals in `04 and `05.
Doherty played her high school lacrosse for national powerhouse, Mt. Hebron, helping the team to an 18-1 record in 2007 and a number four ranking nationally. One of the highest rated high school recruits in the nation, Doherty has been a member of back-to-back Maryland State Championship teams. A first-team all-County and all-Metro selection in 2006, Doherty led Mt. Hebron in ground balls, blocks/interceptions, caused turnovers and was second in draw controls. She had 16 goals and four assists while playing defense. Following the season, she was selected to the high school all-Tewaaraton team. She is also plays for the M&D Lacrosse Club and was selected first team all-Galaxy. She has played in the national tournament for Mid-Atlantic 1 where she was a member of their national championship team in 2005 and was an honorable mention All-American.
Abt, Blaney and Doherty join 2007 freshman Rachel Guerrera (Wantagh, N. Y.) as Notre Dame women’s lacrosse players to be named Under Armour All-Americans in the honors two years in existence.
Corrigan Sports announces Under Armour All-America Watch List
List includes eight boys and 16 girls from Baltimore area schools
by Gary Adornato
The Under Armour All-America Lacrosse games were one of the many unfortunate victims of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, but the event is anticipating a return in 2021 along with a new “Watch List” to help identify and follow potential All-Americans.
Corrigan Sports Enterprises (CSE), the events organizer, in conjunction with Inside Lacrosse, announced the first ever Under Armour Senior All-American Watch List, on Tuesday. The first list recognizes the top senior lacrosse players from the Class of 2021, both boys and girls, who are in contention for All-America selection.
“Coming off a year when high school seasons were cut short or cancelled, the Underclass tournament provided the ideal opportunity to see the nation’s top talent,” said Lee Corrigan, President of Corrigan Sports. “No one is more familiar with the best players than the coaches of the 12 regional teams. Along with our partners at Inside Lacrosse we believe that this is the right time to recognize these players. We hope that high school lacrosse returns this spring and fans will get a chance to see these athletes in action.”
Names may be added to the Watch List as the 2021 season progresses. Players can be nominated by a coach or an athletic director. Inside Lacrosse will manage the final selection of the Senior All-America athletes, which will be announced at a later date. The 2021 Under Armour Senior All-America games for boys and girls are scheduled for Saturday, July 31 in Baltimore.
Here are the current members of the boys and girls watch lists:
2021 Under Armour All-America Boys Watch List
ATTACK
Easton Babb, West, Foothill (Ca. )
Dawson Clark, New England, Bishop Guertin (N.H.)
John Considine, Long Island, South Side (N.Y.)
Evan Conway, South, IMG Academy (Fla.)
Matteo Corsi, Midwest, IMG Academy (Fla.)
Connor Davis, Washington DC, Bullis School (Md.)
Dewey Egan, West, Torrey Pines (Ca.)
Cade Eldred, Midwest , Shawnee Mission East (Kan.)
Trae Ika, Southwest, Loomis Chaffee (Conn.)
Loyola Blakefield midfielder Hayden Miller
Leo Johnson, CONNY, Avon Old Farms (Conn.)
Christian Kavanagh, CONNY, Taft (Conn.)
Jeffery Lachenmeyer, Long Island, Shoreham-Wading River (N.Y.)
Matt Lazzaro, New England, Franklin (Mass.)
Liam McLane, CONNY, Taft (Conn.)
John Morgan, Midwest, Forest Hills Eastern (Mich.)
Charlie Pope, Baltimore, Gilman School (College committment – Vermont)
Luke Raymond, Washington DC, Gonzaga (D.C.)
Alex Rosa, Upstate NY, West Genesee (N.Y.)
Griffin Schutz, New England, Deerfield (Mass.)
Ryan Sellew, CONNY, Hotchkiss (Conn.)
T.J. Sheehan, Long Island, South Side (N.Y.)
Eric Spanos, Philadelphia, Malvern Prep (Pa.)
Zach Whittier, Washington DC, Georgetown Prep (Md.)
Dante Trader from McDonogh School
MIDFIELD
Will Angrick, Washington DC, Georgetown Prep (Md.)
Tanner Burns, Upstate NY, Jamesville-Dewitt (N.Y.)
Michael Callahan, CONNY, Avon Old Farms (Conn.)
Trace Davidson, South, Gulf Coast (Fla.)
Antonio Demarco, Philadelphia, Penn Charter (Pa.)
Jack Dudas, Baltimore, McDonogh School (Bucknell)
Kade Goldberg, CONNY, Deerfield (Mass.)
Jackson Gray, West, Culver Military Academy (Ind.)
Cody Hart, West, Lakeridge (Ore.)
Spencer Hughes, Washington DC, Bullis (Md.)
Johnny Keib, Upstate NY, Jamesville-Dewitt (N.Y.)
Justin Lawler, New Jersey, Randolph (N.J.)
Tatum Lewis, West, Jesuit (Ore.)
Griffin Mallory, Midwest, Valor Christian (Colo.)
Andrew McAdorey, Long Island, St. Anthony’s (N. Y.)
Hayden Miller, Baltimore, Loyola Blakefield (Marquette)
Aiden Mulholland, Long Island, Manhasset (N.Y.)
Wes Peene, New Jersey, Ridgewood (N.J.)
Alex Petrignani, Philadelphia, Academy of the New Church (Pa.)
Mac Rietano, Washington DC, Bullis (Md.)
Johnny Schwarz, Long Island, Shoreham-Wading River (N.Y.)
Jack Scoma, New Jersey, Lawrenceville (N.J.)
Will Shipley, South, Weddington (N.C.)
Cameron Stockenberg, Baltimore, Mount Hebron (UMBC)
Joseph Taraboletti, South, Ponte Vedra (Fla.)
Dante Trader, Baltimore, McDonogh (Maryland)
Xander Welty, Southwest, Brophy Prep (Ariz.)
Benton Wimmer, West, Jesuit (Ore.)
FACE-OFF
Logan Callahan, Upstate NY, Victor (N.Y.)
Matt Fritz, Philadelphia, Wissahickon (Pa.)
Grant Guthrie, West, Vista del Lago (Calif.)
Nick Lauderback, Midwest, Northville (Mich.)
Chase Mullins, Washington DC, St. Christopher’s (Va.)
Matt Riley, Philadelphia, Salesianum (Del.)
Luke Romanek, New England, New Hampton (N.H.)
Dash Sachs, CONNY, Taft (Conn.)
DEFENSE
Aiden Ahearn, New England, Bishop Guertin (N.H.)
Paul Barton, West, Sacred Heart Prep (Calif.)
Michael Bath, Washington DC, Gonzaga (D.C.)
Keith Boyer, CONNY, Yorktown (N.Y.)
Pup Buono, Philadelphia, Malvern Prep (Pa.)
Colin Burlace, Baltimore, St. Mary’s (Maryland)
Jake Cohen, Washington DC, Landon (Md.)
Trey Digby, Southwest, Valor Christian (Colo.)
Ronan Doherty, New England, Groton (Mass.)
Michael Farrell, New Jersey, Manasquan (N.J.)
Christian Fournier, Southwest, Westlake (Texas)
Cam Hitchcock, Midwest, Culver Military Academy (Ind.)
Tyler Kuehl, Washington DC, Bullis (Md.)
Ian McGullam, Long Island, Harborfields (N.Y.)
Tommy McNeal, New England, New Hampton (N.H.)
Colin Mulshine, CONNY, Brunswick (Conn.)
Walter Robinson III, New Jersey, Delbarton (N. J.)
Tyler Schwarz, Long Island, Shoreham-Wading River (N.Y.)
Conor Spagnolli, Southwest, Southlake Carroll (Texas)
Tommy Stull, CONNY, Deerfield (Mass.)
Bodi Sutherland, Southwest, Loomis Chaffee (Conn.)
Rory Thompson, Upstate NY, Chenango Valley (N.Y.)
Ethan Till, Washington DC, Bullis (Md.)
Jojo Todaro, Long Island, Carey (N.Y.)
Bobby Van Buren, South, Homeschooled (N.C.)
Jake Wilson, Long Island, Shoreham-Wading River (N.Y.)
GOAL
Dan Daly, New Jersey, Wayne Hills (N.J.)
Andy Demopolous, CONNY, Darien (Conn.)
Calvin Desmarais, New England, Dracut (Mass.)
Jack Fracyon, Washington DC, Bullis School (Md.)
Tommy Kunz, Midwest, Brother Rice (Mich.)
Matt LaCombe, Upstate NY, Fayetteville-Manlius (N.Y.)
Mitch Likins, West, La Costa Canyon (Calif.)
Matthew Nunes, Southwest, The Woodlands (Texas)
Nate Randall, Midwest, Brother Rice (Mich.)
Westin Schmidt, Baltimore, St. Mary’s (Maryland)
Jack Webb, Baltimore, Loyola Blakefield (Johns Hopkins)
Alex Zeph, Long Island, Chaminade (N.Y.)
2021 Under Armour All-America Girls Watch List
ATTACK
Olivia Adamson, South, Lake Highland Prep (Fla.)
Josie Baur, Washington DC, Good Counsel (Md.)
Carly Bernstein, New Jersey, Millburn (N.J.)
Margie Carden, Philadelphia, Villa Maria (Pa.)
Rachel Clark, Philadelphia, Conestoga (Pa.)
Sophia Colver, Southwest, Allen (Texas)
McKenna Davis, Upstate NY, Canandaigua (N.Y.)
Maddie Dora, South, Milton (Ga.)
Kaylee Dyer, Philadelphia, Penn Charter (Pa.)
Brooke Hoss, Long Island, Sayville (N.Y.)
Kara Hunt, Washington DC, South River (Navy)
Alexis Lauricella, New Jersey, St. John Vianney (N.J.)
Emma LoPinto, Long Island, Manhasset (N.Y.)
Taylor McClain, South, Pine Crest (Fla.)
Caitlin McElwee, Baltimore, St. Paul’s School (James Madison)
Kate Miller, Washington DC, Atlee (Va. )
Shira Parower, CONNY, Staples (Conn.)
Mackenzie Rich, Upstate NY, Ithaca (N.Y.)
Hailey Russo, New Jersey, Clearview (N.J.)
Marleigh Sanders, South, Milton (Ga.)
Century midfielder Gemma Hall
MIDFIELD
Summer Agostino, Long Island, Ward Melville (N.Y.)
Julia Bascione, Philadelphia, Archbishop Carroll (Pa.)
Kendall Belanger, Midwest, Detroit Country Day (Mich.)
McKenzie Blake, New Jersey, Haddonfield (N.J.)
Emerson Bohlig, West, Miramonte (Calif.)
Hadley Boston, Washington DC, St. Stephen & St. Agnes (Va.)
Chase Boyle, New Jersey, Rumson-Fair Haven (N.J.)
Sophia Brindisi, New England, Lincoln-Sudbury (Mass.)
Julia Carr, Washington DC, Stone Ridge (Md.)
Jordyn Case, South, Weddington (N.C.)
Brie Catts, South, Milton (Ga.)
Jade Catlin, Baltimore, Middletown (Md.)
Alayna Costa, Long Island, Smithtown East (N.Y.)
Serafina DeMunno, Midwest, St.Viator (Ill.)
Sophie Fields, Southwest, Plano West (Texas)
Samantha Forrest, CONNY, Glastonbury (Conn.)
Celeste Forte, Long Island, Eastport-South Manor (N.Y.)
Christina Gagnon, Baltimore, St. Paul’s School (Southern California)
Kylie Gelabert, Upstate NY, Victor (N.Y.)
Genna Gibbons, West, Sacred Heart Prep (Calif.)
Natasha Gorriaran, New England, Moses Brown (R.I.)
Lily Grant, Baltimore, Archbishop Spalding (Maryland)
Blair Guy, Washington DC, Bishop Ireton (Va.)
Demma Hall, Baltimore, Century (Maryland)
McKenna Harden, CONNY, New Canaan (Conn.)
Mallory Hasselbeck, New England, Rivers (Mass.)
Alexandra Hopkins, Long Island, Garden City (N.Y.)
Ana Horvit, South, Vero Beach (Fla.)
Emma Ing, West, Newbury Park (Calif.)
Abby Izzo, Upstate NY, Auburn (N.Y.)
Karly Keating, Midwest, Benet Academy (Ill.)
Isabelle Kehoe, New England, Bromfield (Mass.)
Ella Kittredge, CONNY, Somers (N.Y.)
Ava Krystinik, Southwest, Liberty Christian (Texas)
Jordyn Lipkin, New Jersey, Millburn (N. J.)
Paige Lipman, CONNY, Greenwich Academy (Conn.)
Cate Lord, Southwest, Regis Jesuit (Colo.)
Megan Marengo, Philadelphia, Conestoga (Pa.)
Adair Martin, Baltimore, Bryn Mawr School (North Carolina)
Katie McCarthy, New Jersey, Ridgewood (N.J.)
Molly McGuckin, Washington DC, Georgetown Visitation (D.C.)
Emily Messinese, Baltimore, Gerstell Academy (Navy)
Jaimeson Meyer, West, Waterford (Utah)
Maddigan Miller, Long Island, Bayport-Blue Point (N.Y.)
Nina Montes, Midwest, St. Ignatius Prep (Ill.)
Grace Muldoon, Washington DC, Stone Ridge (Md.)
Kerry Nease, Washington DC, Freeman (Va.)
Quinlan O’Brien, New England, Boston Latin (Mass.)
McKenzie Olsen, West, Palos Verdes (Calif.)
Lilly Osbourne, Baltimore, Easton (Md.)
Ashley Peck, New Jersey, West Morris Mendham (N.J.)
Melanie Peck, New Jersey, West Morris Mendham (N.J.)
Cecilia Pell, Baltimore, Glenelg Country School (Maryland)
Grace Peterson, Midwest, Mound Westonka (Minn.)
Rita Peterson, Washington DC, St. Stephen & St. Agnes (Va.)
Olivia Pikiell, New Jersey, Ridge (N.J.)
Mattie Shearer, Washington DC, Western Albemarle (Va.)
Samantha Smith, West, Tamalpais (Calif.)
Maddie Sterling, Baltimore, John Carroll School (Maryland)
Haley Taylor, Southwest, Brighton (Utah)
Ashley Thurston, South, Lake Highland Prep (Fla.)
Grace Weigand, Southwest, Regis Jesuit (Colo.)
Sammy White, Baltimore, Dulaney (Northwestern)
Sam Whiting, Southwest, Episcopal (Texas)
DEFENSE
Lily Athanas, New England, Manchester-Essex (N.H.)
Kate Bellissimo, CONNY, Darien (Conn.)
Dani Brady, Long Island, Smithtown East (N.Y.)
Sophia Buzelis, Midwest, Hinsdale Central (Ill.)
Paris Colgain, Baltimore, St. Paul’s School (Johns Hopkins)
Shannon Garvey, Philadelphia, Unionville (Pa.)
Mia Hartung, Upstate NY, Maine Endwell (N. Y.)
Ellie Hollin, Baltimore, John Carroll School (Penn State)
Margaret Lawler, New Jersey, Moorestown (N.J.)
Kennedy Major, Baltimore, Gerstell Academy (Maryland)
Alexis Niblock, Long Island, Bayport-Blue Point (N.Y.)
Haley Polk, Baltimore, Gerstell Academy (Michigan)
Ellie Rinehart, Philadelphia, Radnor (Pa.)
Maya Rutherford, Southwest, Colorado Academy (Colo.)
Reilly Traynor, New Jersey, Red Bank Catholic (N.J.)
GOAL
Ashley, Bowan, Washington DC, Bishop Ireton (Va.)
Elyse Finnelle, Washington DC, Southern-Anne Arundel (Florida)
Abby Jansen, Philadelphia, Radnor (Pa.)
Sophia Kevtan, Philadelphia, Archbishop Carroll (Pa.)
Emily Lamparter, Long Island, Mt. Sinai (N.Y.)
Kate Montalto, New Jersey, Manasquan (N.J.)
Alecia Nicholas, Upstate NY, Ithaca (N.Y.)
Isabel Pithie, New England, Norwell (Mass.)
Tia Reaman, New England, Philips Exeter (Mass.)
Lauren Spence, Southwest, Evergreen (Colo.)
Leah Warehime, Baltimore, St. Paul’s School (Georgetown)
90,000 An arsenal of the 15th century with knightly armor was discovered in Balaklava – Rossiyskaya Gazeta
During excavations on the territory of the Genoese fortress Chembalo in Balaklava, archaeologists discovered an arsenal with the remains of medieval weapons and armor. This was announced today by the press service of the Chersonese Tavricheskiy Museum-Reserve.
– The discovered arsenal is a unique archaeological complex that surpasses all analogues known in Eastern Europe. The find explains a lot in the history of the Genoese fortresses in Crimea, the museum noted.
Excavations were carried out in the ruins of Tower 5, built by the Genoese around 1425. After 30 years, it was rebuilt and lost its original defensive significance; a water cistern appeared at the base of the tower.
– During excavations inside the cistern, scientists have found more than a thousand iron plates from armor of the “brigandine” type, – said the press service. “Some of the armor plates have traces of fabric. This armor belonged to the soldiers of the garrison.
It is reported that archaeologists have found more than eight thousand fragments of iron plates, which can be conditionally attributed to fragments of laminar armor.Among them are plates that could be used for fastening on a wide protective belt. Iron and copper rivets have been preserved on them. There were also found copper and iron buckles that connected the straps of armor and harness.
Tower 5 also found several thousand Genoese crossbow bolt heads and over 800 arrowheads for Ottoman bows.
Of the interesting finds that were recovered during the study of the destroyed layers of tower No. 5, scientists note two bone (from the horn of a deer) “nuts” from the trigger of a crossbow, an iron flail beat, fragments of an iron blade of a sword or saber, a lead ball-shaped bullet, forged tetrahedral nails with flat and convex heads, as well as fragments of iron strips, possibly holding together wooden barrels and chests in which ammunition was stored.
In addition, rare forged cores were found at the bottom of the cistern – 42 forged iron and seven stone cores of various calibers. It is noted that in the 15th century, stone cannonballs were used to target bombards – the first artillery pieces.
As told in the museum, the study of tower number 5 of the Chembalo fortress began in 2013 by a joint archaeological expedition of the Chersonesos of Tauride and Kharkov University. In 2017, the research was continued by the expedition of the State Hermitage and the Chersonesos Museum.
from knightly armor to smart workwear
From metal buttons to the futuristic exoskeleton of the American military, which came to the real world from the pages of popular comics. From the iron brigandines of medieval dandies to modern fire-resistant clothing for main pipelines and hot shops.
The steel suit has gone through a long evolutionary path, and after a temporary retreat in front of a deadly “firearm” it again conquers the battlefields and is widely used in the latest industries.
The ancestors of skins and cotton wool
The first armor of mankind covered … the backs of warriors. For the Germanic tribes who stormed the Roman Empire, it was not considered shameful to escape from the battlefield. They defended the chest by dodging. But the back, vulnerable when fleeing, was covered with thick animal skins, throwing them over the shoulders. Servicemen of ancient Egypt and Greece wore multilayer glued and quilted clothing as military armor. The Mexican Aztecs greeted the Spaniards in quilted wadded coats a couple of fingers thick.In turn, the Spanish conquistadors borrowed the idea from the Mexicans. And in medieval Europe, similar protective clothing was used more than widely, until the 16th century. By the way, the famous Caucasian cloak, it turns out, is also an armor. Made of wool using felting technology, the burka is invulnerable to steel sabers, arrows and even some types of bullets.
Metal Armor: Major Milestones
Another ancient idea of protective clothing was borrowed from animals.The scaled skin of one of them – pangolin – was widely used as armor by Indian noble warriors – the Rajputs. They began to imitate the scaly body of copper in ancient Mesopotamia. Then bronze went into action, followed by steel. It was steel scale armor, simple to manufacture and very durable, that was most popular among the warriors of the East and West. To make the scales, it was required to forge small steel plates that were attached with an overlap. Due to its small size, the steel scales did not break, it was impossible to cut or pierce it.
Note that not all armor was made of steel. For example, the equally common “chain mail” and “brigandina” were made, as a rule, of iron. Chain armor is believed to have been invented by the Celts. The two oldest examples of chain mail in the world have been found in neighboring Romania and date back to the 3rd century. BC e. At first, the style of mail armor most of all resembled a long T-shirt with short sleeves. Later, the sleeves became long, the “T-shirt” was supplemented with chain mail stockings and a hood.Now the chain mail completely covered the body and was called hauberka.
Chain armor was made using a wire drawing device. The wire was chopped into rings. They, in turn, were riveted, and later welded. But experts still argue about the degree of protection of chain mail. The fact is that the wire can only be drawn from relatively soft and ductile iron. Therefore, the chain mail was easily pressed and pierced. In a battle with an enemy armed with a mace or sword, she was simply useless.However, from the Celts to the early 17th century. iron mail armor was the main element of a warrior’s outfit in Europe, and in Asia they were used until the 19th century.
Brigandina – a kind of “two in one”. This armor served as both a secular dress and protection from attack. The brigandine’s iron plates were attached to fabric or leather, and from above were trimmed with velvet or silk. By the end of the 12th century, the brigandine “acquired” sleeves and became shorter. With lacing in the front or fasteners on the sides, with a belt that tightly tightens the waist, with copper ornaments attached to a metal frame, the brigandine was a wild success among the commoners and the nobility.But it was gradually replaced by another fashionable novelty – armor.
Steel Plate – Facts & Myths
Plate armor was undoubtedly the finest examples of medieval metallurgical art. The armor required a relatively large amount of steel and was rather difficult to manufacture. Their mass production was established only in the middle of the XIV century.
Lats guaranteed their owner full protection. The “Achilles heel” of this armor was only the slits for the eyes and armpits.These were knights’ clothes, which were made to order for a lot of money. One set could buy an entire village.
Interestingly, contrary to popular belief, medieval armor was neither critically heavy nor critically uncomfortable. Indeed, their weight was about three dozen kilograms. But it was more or less evenly distributed throughout the body, and knightly fights were mainly equestrian. An interesting fact – the equipment of a modern infantryman weighs about the same.Therefore, it is not surprising that in plate armor one can not only walk, but also run, fight with swords and even climb a rope ladder, which has been repeatedly proved by reenactors today. And if a noble knight in armor fell, he could well rise on his own, and did not lie on the ground like a beetle, waiting for the help of the faithful Sancho Panza.
Wounded in battle is another matter. Sometimes even the most insignificant, but bleeding wound of a warrior in armor became fatal. The fact is that it is almost impossible to remove such armor on your own.But the most insidious enemy of the knight in steel armor was rust – the metal required special care. Oil was used as an anti-corrosion treatment, and in peacetime the armor was stored wrapped in several layers of dense fabric. However, plate armor was replaced from the battlefields not by corrosion, but by firearms. Lead bullets pierced armor with ease, and steel armor from the reliable protection of a medieval knight has become a requisite for staged knightly tournaments of our days.
Modern steel suits
However, one should not think that the XX and XXI centuries got only the inglorious role of imitators of the steel robes of antiquity.
The medieval Don Quixotes are replaced by the heroes of our time – the characters of the cinematic universe of Marvel, the American military elite and workers of modern industrial enterprises!
First, a few words about the famous Iron Man, richer genius Tony Stark. Since 1963, he has been putting on his unique armor – an exoskeleton – to transform into Iron Man, modifying armor and weapons depending on his own tasks, situations and even climatic conditions.
All this is fiction, you say, and you will be right until the “legend destroyer” from the United States and the Pentagon comes into play.
So, last summer the famous “legend destroyer” and producer Adam Savage launched a new show Savage Builds on the popular science channel Discovery and has already assembled a working analogue of the Iron Man suit. The armor was 3D printed using titanium, nylon and fiberglass. The armor turned out to be very durable – they, unlike the medieval “ancestors”, do not take bullets.Moreover, in an Iron Man suit equipped with a jetpack, Savage was even able to fly.
In turn, the US Army has been experimenting with exoskeleton technology for several years that can turn a simple infantryman into a real super-soldier. The idea is to unload the fighter: in some cases, bulletproof vest, helmet, night vision goggles, walkie-talkies and other gadgets in total “pull” by 40-65 kg, which is several times higher than the level of a comfortable load. As a result, the soldier feels excessive physical stress and fatigue even before the start of hostilities.Therefore, a military exoskeleton should be light – about 20 kg, and combine the properties of ideal steel armor and an ultra-modern set of gadgets. Neither metallurgists, nor electronics engineers did not let us down. The matter is small – so far the experimental samples are equipped with not very convenient power sources. But here, too, one can see rapid progress: the first exoskeletons for the Pentagon consumed 6000 watts, now – only 400 watts.
And let’s dwell separately on modern steel materials, which serve as the basis for the manufacture of workwear.Here, as an example, we can cite the products of the BEKAERT company, which is considered the world leader in the production of steel wire and products from it. Let’s say a protective suit made of anti-static textiles. It is made either entirely of stainless steel, or with an admixture of fibers from a more familiar material – wool or cotton. Such clothing can dissipate any electrostatic charge and provide grounding for the wearer. The so-called smart textiles, which react to any changes in the environment, have a similar composition.And for specialists who, by the nature of their work, work with sharp instruments, special gloves have been invented that cannot be cut. The steel filaments from which they are made are 35 microns thick and cut resistant due to their extraordinary flexibility.
This is how the history of steel suits, step by step, reflects the history of human civilization and the development of metallurgical technologies. After a short respite, steel “armor” is back in vogue, and modern science, the army and business have already found the widest field for them for practical application.
90,000 Helm of the Destroyer, the secret of the cuirass: how they fought and how they fought at the end of the Middle Ages
Complete sets of knightly combat armor, the sword of the commander of the Order of St. George, gilded armor for the knight’s horse, tapestries, richly illustrated prayer books, contracts for the supply of weapons are presented at a unique exhibition The Last Knight: The Art, Armor, and Ambition of Emperor Maximilian I, which runs at the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art until January 5, 2020.
High technology of the Middle Ages
On this topic
One of the most impressive exhibits of the exhibition is a full knightly armor of 18 pieces, created by the famous gunsmith of his time, the master from Augsburg, Lorenz Helschmidt in 1480 for the 20-year-old future Emperor Maximilian, who at that time bore the title of Duke of Burgundy. “This is combat armor, fully usable,” said Pierre Teranien, curator of the Metropolitan Museum’s weapons and armor department, in an interview with a TASS correspondent.“They withstood the blow of a sword, a war hammer, a spear. All edged weapons of that time could, of course, leave traces on the cuirass and other parts of the armor, but could not pierce. “Cuirass in the Middle Ages was called body protective equipment from the chest and back plates. Visitors to the exhibition will be able to verify the skill of medieval armourers. Absolutely unique solution. was used by them in the manufacture of armor that protects the wrists: it allowed the knight to freely act with his hand and did not restrict his movements.The protection of the foot was also thought over: the knights wore elongated steel cones on the forefoot only in battle, but in fact, according to Teranien, “were just a tribute to the fashion of that time.” The cuirass provided for such a system of fastenings that made it possible to fit it exactly to the figure, a special hook on the right side of the chest made it possible for the knight to hold the spear, and the design of knightly gloves made of separate forged elements made it possible to hold the sword firmly.
Portrait of Emperor Maximilian
© Igor Borisenko / TASS
Another distinctive feature of the presented armor is the absence of a coat of arms.“At that time, coat of arms was not applied to armor,” explained Pierre Teranien. “The distinctive mark was the multi-colored feathers on the helmet, which was considered a very expensive decoration, as well as embroidered cloaks. Maximilian had a cloak of silk embroidered with heraldic figures. Paradoxically, but sometimes the price of such ornaments exceeded the price of armor. It was only at the end of his life that he decided to put coats of arms on his armor. ”
“Maximilian himself knew a lot of what the best gunsmiths knew,” the curator explained.- But often he believed that only he owns this information. In one of the documents, Maximilian referred to the fact that he used the secret knowledge of how to make steel more durable than other gunsmiths when creating armor. He wrote down his knowledge so that this art would not be lost. The high technology of that time was the best proof of the power of his power. “
Armor for the emperor’s children
© Igor Borisenko / TASS
“The armor, which was made to his orders, served a double purpose: in them he looked almost like a demigod, showed his wealth, sophistication and fearlessness,” explained Pierre Teranien.- He performed in this guise both in battles and when visiting cities belonging to him. We can say that he was trying to look like the legendary King Arthur. In addition, he used this armor as a means of diplomatic influence, donated them to heads of state, for example, the English king Henry VIII, and he could send Maximilian horses and tapestries in return, but he could not send such armor. Meanwhile, Maximilian himself, who considered the armor made to his order a visual demonstration of his own greatness, sent them to the sovereigns in Spain, Scotland, Italy, Hungary and Bohemia, presented them with less noble people, even dressed his gatekeepers in armor.At that time, such armor could not be bought, he had almost exclusive access to the best gunsmiths of the time. “
Secret Weapon
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“An example of high technology of that time is the device attached to the front of the cuirass to protect against blows with a spear during tournaments,” explained Pierre Teranien. shield, and when the spear struck, the mechanism worked and the shield was thrown aside.This was done for the spectacularity of spear fights. “The peculiarity of these devices was that they could be adjusted according to the force and accuracy of the blow.” it only triggered when a javelin kick was perfect according to tournament rules. ”Such devices, Teranien explained, existed only during the time of Maximilian I, and then their production ceased, possibly due to the fact that the rules for holding knightly tournaments changed.“In fact, they were works of art,” he added, “after all, watchmakers and master engravers took part in their production, applying heraldic elements to them.”
Helm of the Destroyer
On one of the showcases, a massive helmet with a narrow slit for the eyes and a strongly elongated lower part, rigidly fixed to a steel cuirass with bronze fasteners for the shield, attracts attention. “This is the helmet of the Italian knight, the famous tournament fighter Gasparo San Severino d’Aragon, nicknamed the Destroyer,” explained Teranien.- This knight was so famous that Maximilian invited him to his court, because he himself wanted to fight him on the tournament field. However, the fight never took place, since Maximilian received a wound shortly before the deadline for the battle. However, a warrior entered the field against the Destroyer, personally teaching Maximilian the art of combat, but, unfortunately, he died in a duel. The destroyer left the court of Maximilian and returned to Milan, but left as a memento his armor, in which he defeated the best warrior of Maximilian. “
Helmet of the Destroyer
© Igor Borisenko / TASS
In Maximilian’s armory, Teranien added, the armor of the knights he had defeated in the tournament was also kept. “Tournament armor weighed about 30 kg,” he explained, “and knightly armor for battle – about 20-25 kg. Armor for knightly horses weighed much more.” “The cost of one set of armor in the then prices was equal to the annual income of the lord of the sovereign,” the expert noted. “This was roughly equivalent to the amount for which one could buy a good house in the center of a large European city.For armor for royal and imperial children paid sums for which it was possible to purchase several houses in the central squares of large cities. “
Gold Warhorse Armor
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At the entrance to the hall where the exposition is deployed, there is a sculpture of a powerful horse, protected by shining armor. “This is a protective armor for knightly horses, and Maximilian had several such sets,” noted Pierre Theranien, displaying an impressive gold blanket decorated with embossing depicting the crown of English kings and a pomegranate branch – the symbol of Maximilian and his sons.- It is known that by 1519 this particular set, donated by Emperor Maximilian, was already in the possession of the English king Henry VIII. Obviously, this armor was originally intended for the mount of Maximilian himself. It is likely that he would not give the armor itself, but only together with a war horse. I think that when Henry VIII took part in the hostilities with Maximilian against the French in 1513, they exchanged horses in one of the battles. Initially, the armor was coated with a layer of silver and gold, but over time this coating began to lag behind.It is possible, however, that at some point it was decided to simply remove the precious metals from the armor. “
© Igor Borisenko / TASS
According to the traditions of that time, each knight had three horses, which he could change as needed on the battlefield. It can be assumed that Maximilian also had at least three of them, the expert added. Several times he was wounded in battles and more than once he was threatened with captivity.
Sword of the Commander
The sword-one and a half of the commander of the Knightly Order of St. George, who was patronized by the Emperor Maximilian, according to Pierre Theranien, is one of the pearls of the current exhibition.“This is a ceremonial sword, which, however, can be fought with one or two hands,” he explained. European knights fought with the Turks and Maximilian’s father established a new knightly order. This commander’s sword is the embodiment of the great purpose for which the order was created. ”
Sword of the Commander of the Order of St. George
© Igor Borisenko / TASS
“In order to become a member of this order, a knight had to take monastic vows, give up earthly joys,” he explained.- According to the charter, half of the members of the order prayed, and half went to the battlefield. The trouble is that there were not too many of those who aspired to join this order, since the way of life of the brothers-knights was harsh and many doubted that the forces of the order were sufficient to break the power of the Turks. “
The sword in the entire history of its existence had only three owners – until the nineteenth century it was in the citadel of the order and only then was it acquired by an antiquary who later transferred it to the museum.
International contract for a gunsmith
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Armor for the rulers was made exactly to the figure, but the gunsmiths did not personally measure them. As Pierre Teranien explained, along with the order, clothes were sent to the person for whom the armor was intended. “At that time, people actually wore tight-fitting clothes, and the armourer could make all measurements according to the clothes sent,” he explained. “For example, for King Francis I, the armor was first made in rough form, without decorations.Then they sent in for fitting, eliminated the shortcomings, and only then the engravers and goldsmiths got down to business. “” All the details of making the knight’s vestments were fixed in the contract, “he added. – For example, for sending armor for fitting, the master received compensation for expenses and on the basis of these documents one can judge how many times he tried on the armor. The contracts that Maximilian entered into with his gunsmiths stipulated the working conditions: they were exempted from taxes, they had the right to use the workshop for free, their labor was paid, they were given an interest-free loan, and a clear indication was given that the gunsmith was obliged to do certain amount of armor and could only receive orders from Maximilian. “
Contracts of Maximilian with gunsmiths
© Igor Borisenko / TASS
“The contract presented here is written in French, signed in Italian and sealed in Germany,” he added. “You could say it is an international document.” There were cases when Maximilian, due to lack of funds, did not immediately pay for the order, however, even after 30–35 years, the descendants of the master gunsmith had the right to apply for compensation.
The embodiment of knightly virtues
“Maximilian is a sovereign who began his reign from weak positions, and he ended his reign as the embodiment of a knight, who possesses all the traits that were valued at that time: not only physical strength, but also high moral principles,” Pierre Teranien said in conclusion.