Warrior evo shaft. Warrior Evo Attack Lacrosse Shaft: Ultimate Guide to Elite Performance

What are the key features of the Warrior Evo Attack Lacrosse Shaft. How does it enhance player performance. Why is it considered one of the top choices for elite offensive players. What makes the Evo Attack stand out from other lacrosse shafts.

Unveiling the Warrior Evo Attack: A Game-Changing Lacrosse Shaft

The Warrior Evo Attack Lacrosse Shaft has been making waves in the lacrosse community, and for good reason. This cutting-edge piece of equipment is designed to elevate the game of elite offensive players, offering a perfect blend of lightweight construction and uncompromising strength. But what exactly sets this shaft apart from the competition?

Premium Materials for Unmatched Performance

At the core of the Warrior Evo Attack’s superiority lies its construction. Made in the USA from premium 7000 grade material, this shaft represents the pinnacle of Warrior’s engineering prowess. The company’s material engineers have refined the manufacturing process to create their lightest and strongest Krypto-Pro material to date.

How does this translate to on-field performance? The use of high-grade materials results in a shaft that is incredibly lightweight without sacrificing durability. This allows players to maintain control and power throughout extended periods of play, potentially giving them a crucial edge over their opponents.

The “Control Die Shape”: A Perfect Balance

One of the standout features of the Warrior Evo Attack is its unique “control die shape.” This design maximizes stick control while maintaining an optimal strength-to-weight ratio. Is this shape really that significant? Absolutely. The control die shape has proven so effective that it’s now a staple across the entire Evo line, cementing its status as one of Warrior’s most popular traditional shapes.

For players, this translates to enhanced maneuverability and precision. The shaft’s design allows for quick, fluid movements without compromising on the power needed for decisive plays.

Grip Technology: Staying in Control Under Any Conditions

In the heat of the game, maintaining a firm grip on your stick can make all the difference. The Warrior Evo Attack addresses this crucial aspect with its innovative Diamond Grip technology.

Diamond Grip: A Cut Above the Rest

The shaft features a sandblasted Diamond Grip that’s embedded directly into the handle. This design choice offers several advantages:

• Superior touch and feel
• No added weight to the shaft
• Permanent grip that never wears off
• Effective in all weather conditions

How does this benefit players on the field? The Diamond Grip ensures that players can maintain control of their stick even in wet or humid conditions, reducing the likelihood of fumbles or loss of possession during crucial moments.

Warrior Evo Attack vs. Competitor Shafts: A Comparative Analysis

When stacked against other high-end lacrosse shafts, the Warrior Evo Attack holds its own and often comes out on top. But what specific factors contribute to its competitive edge?

Weight Comparison

Many players consider the weight of their shaft to be a crucial factor. How does the Warrior Evo Attack compare?

• Warrior Evo Attack: Approximately 130 grams
• Average competitor shaft: 140-160 grams

This weight difference may seem small, but over the course of a game, it can significantly reduce player fatigue and improve overall performance.

Durability Factor

While lightweight design is important, it shouldn’t come at the cost of durability. The Warrior Evo Attack manages to strike an impressive balance between the two. Its 7000 grade material construction ensures that it can withstand the rigors of high-level play without bending or breaking.

Pro Player Endorsements: Why Elite Athletes Choose the Evo Attack

The true test of any piece of sports equipment lies in its adoption by professional athletes. The Warrior Evo Attack has garnered significant attention from top-tier lacrosse players, further cementing its reputation as a premium product.

Notable Users

While individual endorsements can vary, several high-profile players have been known to use Warrior Evo shafts, including:

• Rob Pannell: Attackman for the New York Lizards
• Tom Schreiber: Midfielder for the Archers Lacrosse Club

These players’ choice to use Warrior Evo shafts speaks volumes about the product’s quality and performance at the highest levels of the sport.

Customization Options: Tailoring the Shaft to Your Game

One size doesn’t fit all in lacrosse, and Warrior understands this. The Evo Attack offers various customization options to ensure players can fine-tune their equipment to match their playing style.

Length Options

The standard Warrior Evo Attack comes in a 30″ length, which is ideal for most attack and midfield players. However, custom lengths may be available for those who prefer a longer or shorter shaft.

Color Variations

While performance is paramount, aesthetics can also play a role in a player’s equipment choice. The Warrior Evo Attack is available in multiple color options, allowing players to match their shaft to their team colors or personal preferences.

Maintenance and Care: Prolonging the Life of Your Evo Attack

Investing in a high-quality lacrosse shaft like the Warrior Evo Attack is just the first step. Proper maintenance is crucial to ensure its longevity and consistent performance. How can players best care for their Evo Attack shaft?

Cleaning and Storage

Regular cleaning is essential to maintain the shaft’s grip and prevent the buildup of dirt and sweat. Here are some tips:

• Wipe down the shaft with a damp cloth after each use
• Use mild soap for deeper cleaning when necessary
• Store in a cool, dry place to prevent warping
• Avoid leaving the shaft in extreme temperatures, such as a hot car

Inspection and Replacement

Even the most durable shafts will eventually show signs of wear. Regular inspection can help players identify when it’s time for a replacement:

• Check for any cracks or deep scratches in the shaft
• Test the shaft’s flexibility – excessive bend may indicate weakness
• Ensure the butt end cap is secure and replace if loose or missing

The Science Behind the Shaft: Understanding Krypto-Pro Technology

The Warrior Evo Attack’s exceptional performance is largely due to its use of Krypto-Pro technology. But what exactly is this material, and how does it contribute to the shaft’s capabilities?

Composition and Properties

Krypto-Pro is a proprietary material developed by Warrior specifically for lacrosse equipment. While the exact composition is a closely guarded secret, it’s known to be an advanced alloy with several key properties:

• High strength-to-weight ratio
• Excellent shock absorption
• Resistance to bending and warping
• Ability to maintain performance in various weather conditions

Manufacturing Process

The manufacturing process for Krypto-Pro shafts involves several steps:

1. Material selection and preparation
2. Extrusion to create the basic shaft shape
3. Heat treatment to enhance strength and durability
4. Application of the Diamond Grip texture
5. Final shaping and finishing

This meticulous process ensures that each Warrior Evo Attack shaft meets the high standards expected by elite players.

Environmental Impact: Warrior’s Commitment to Sustainability

In today’s environmentally conscious world, many athletes are concerned about the ecological footprint of their equipment. How does Warrior address these concerns with the Evo Attack shaft?

Material Sourcing

Warrior emphasizes responsible sourcing for the materials used in the Evo Attack shaft. While specific details are proprietary, the company has stated its commitment to using suppliers who adhere to ethical and environmental standards.

Durability as Sustainability

One of the most effective ways to reduce environmental impact is to create products that last. The Warrior Evo Attack’s durability means that players need to replace their shafts less frequently, ultimately reducing waste.

Recycling Initiatives

While not specific to the Evo Attack, Warrior has implemented recycling programs for some of its products. Players are encouraged to check with their local lacrosse retailers or Warrior directly for information on how to responsibly dispose of old equipment.

The Future of Lacrosse Shafts: What’s Next for the Evo Line?

As technology continues to advance, what can players expect from future iterations of the Warrior Evo Attack and similar high-end lacrosse shafts?

Potential Innovations

While specific details of future products are closely guarded, industry trends suggest several areas where we might see advancements:

• Even lighter materials without compromising strength
• Advanced grip technologies for enhanced control
• Smart features, such as integrated sensors for performance tracking
• More sustainable manufacturing processes and materials

Warrior’s Research and Development

Warrior continues to invest heavily in research and development, constantly seeking ways to improve their products. This commitment to innovation suggests that future versions of the Evo Attack may offer even more advanced features and performance enhancements.

As the lacrosse equipment industry evolves, players can look forward to shafts that not only improve their game but also align with broader concerns such as sustainability and technological integration. The Warrior Evo Attack represents the current pinnacle of shaft technology, but it’s clear that the best may be yet to come.

Warrior Dynasty EVO Kryptolyte Men’s Attack Shaft

Warrior Dynasty EVO Kryptolyte Attack Shaft – Black

30″ Men’s Attack Shaft/Handle

Features

Made in the USA from the most premium 7000 grade material, the Evo Attack is made from Warrior’s lightest handle material to deliver a lightweight shaft that doesn’t sacrifice on strength or durability. The manufacturing process has been refined by Warrior’s material engineers to make this the strongest and lightest Krypto-Pro material to date.

Warrior’s “control die shape” in the Evo Attack maximizes stick control and yields the best strength-to-weight ratio of any shaft shape in their lineup. This is the same trusted shaft shape in the rest of the Evo line, making it one of Warrior’s most popular traditional shapes.

The sandblasted Diamond Grip embedded directly into the handle provides great touch that doesn’t add any weight and never wears off, providing ultimate grip in any weather condition, every single time.

If you’re an elite offensive player looking for a strong, lightweight, and shaft for the upcoming season, look no further than the Warrior Evo Attack Lacrosse Shaft.

Warranty & Return Info

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Everysportforless.com is committed to bringing you an easy and fair customer friendly new/unopened return policy. If you are not 100% satisfied with what you have purchased from Everysportforless.com, return it within 60 days of purchase and take advantage of no-hassle money back guarantee. We’ll refund you the product price on any returned item(s). You won’t have to worry about your refund or store credit. We have you covered. To quote Brianne P. of Naples, Florida, “Rockstar Customer Service”

Note: We do not accept returns on used products. All returns must be in their original packaging with original hang tags and shoe boxes must be free of tape and labels. Otherwise a restocking fee may apply.

Warranty

All of the products we carry are from the top name brands in the industry and come with a full manufacturer warranty covering any and all product defects. If specific Warranty information applies for a product it will be available by clicking the warranty tab just above the description. If you have any questions about the warranty on a given product, let us know via email at [email protected]. 

For an in-depth look at our Return Policies please visit our Returns & Shipping Page

Out Now Warrior Evo QX Carbon Smoke Shaft!

From: Lacrosse Unlimited – Monday Mar 15, 2021 01:25 pm

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Get Yours While Supplies Last

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Enter to Win a Warrior EVO QX Carbon Shaft

This carbon attack shaft, used by both Rob Pannell and Tom Schreiber, is one of the lightest and strongest on the market at only 130 grams.

ENTER TO WIN: Follow our  Instagram page, like the post, and tag a friend in the comments  to be enter to win. One entry per Instagram account. 

We’ll select one lucky winner to receive WARRIOR EVO QX CARBON SHAFT ($139.99 retail price) – the same shaft used by both Rob Pannell and Tom Schreiber. View both of their course curriculums with video clips HERE.

1. Eligibility: This Campaign is open to everyone who is 15 years or older as of the date of entry. The Campaign is limited to legal residents of Mexico, Canada, United States and European countries, and is void where prohibited by law. Employees of Players Academy, its affiliates, subsidiaries, advertising and promotion agencies, and suppliers, (collectively the “Employees”), and immediate family members and/or those living in the same household of Employees are not eligible to participate in the Campaign. The Campaign is subject to all applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. Void where prohibited.
2. Agreement to Rules: By participating, the Contestant (“You”) agree to be fully unconditionally bound by these Rules, and You represent and warrant that You meet the eligibility requirements. In addition, You agree to accept the decisions of Players Academy as final and binding as it relates to the content of this Campaign.
3. Campaign Period: Entries will be accepted be accepted from December 14th, 8am PST through December 20th, 11:59pm PST. 
4. How to Enter: Entries that are incomplete or do not adhere to the rules or specifications may be disqualified at the sole discretion of Players Academy. You must provide the information requested. In association with this contest, you must follow @playersacademy on Instagram, like the post related to the shaft giveaway from December 2020, and tag a friend in the comments of the aforementioned post. If you use fraudulent methods or otherwise attempt to circumvent the rules, your submission may be removed from eligibility at the sole discretion of Players Academy.
5. Prizes: The Winner(s) of the Campaign (the “Winner”) will receive a WARRIOR EVO QX CARBON SHAFT ($139.99 retail value). Players Academy will have until March 30th, 2021 to deliver the final asset. Actual/appraised value may differ at time of prize award. The specifics of the prize shall be solely determined by Players Academy. No cash or other prize substitution shall be permitted except at Players Academy’s discretion. The prize is non transferable. Any and all prize-related expenses, including without limitation any and all federal, state, and/or local taxes, shall be the sole responsibility of the Winner. No substitution of prize or transfer/assignment of prize to others or request for the cash equivalent by Winner is permitted. Acceptance of prize constitutes permission for Players Academy’s to use Winner’s name, likeness, and entry for purposes of advertising and trade without further compensation, unless prohibited by law.
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Can’t Stop the Evolution: Warrior Unveils the Evo QX

This article appears in the November edition of US Lacrosse Magazine, available exclusively to US Lacrosse members. Join or renew today! Thank you for your support.

Twenty years after the release of the first Evolution head, Warrior is introducing its biggest stick launch possibly in the history of the company: the Evo QX.

The longest-running line of lacrosse heads in the industry, Warrior launched the first Evolution (now known as “Evo”) in the 1999-2000 season and has seen the Evo become its top-selling line of products year after year.

For the first time ever, the line will feature both offensive (Evo QX-O) and defensive (EVO QX-D) heads, as an addition to Warrior’s suite of Warp products (Evo QX-O Warp). Also this fall, Warrior is unveiling two new carbon fiber shafts (attack and defense lengths), gloves and a new NOCSAE ND200-certified shoulder pad.

The History 

The Evo line dates back to the 1999-2000 season with the original Evolution. Players took to the Evolution because it was one of the tightest heads on the market. At the time, lacrosse heads were wide and players regularly pinched and baked them in ovens to get the desired face shape and maximize control.

The Evolution eliminated that process while also adding in Warrior’s patented offset technology to make it one of the top performing heads on the market. The head really took off at the NCAA Division I level, especially with Princeton, which went on a great run in the early 2000s with players utilizing the head.

What’s Different About the Evo QX? 

The Evo QX will officially be the sixth iteration of the Evolution line. The last head, the Evo 5, launched in 2016.

The biggest addition to the Evo-QX line is Warrior’s new Therma-Loc technology, which is a new molded plastic to help the head hold its shape and perform consistently in extremely hot and cold conditions. This addresses a need for athletes who compete in multiple games during summer tournaments, causing their sticks to lose shape and perform inconsistently.

Therma-Loc helps players avoid this issue and maintain the stiffness and accuracy they need to perform on the field in all types of weather. At the same time, the head stays durable during cold, early-season games.

The Evo QX line of products will be available at most lacrosse retailers starting Nov. 6

Aluminum crossbow bolts vs carbon

Extremely sensitive tooling is needed to accurately define “low, and high” spine in a carbon shaft, and all carbon shafts have a low and high spine. Our research has shown that group shooting off of a shooting machine at 25 yards, with 6 bolts that have been spine indexed vs 6 bolts with factory fletching.

I still like aluminum for my compound, but honestly carbon shoot just as good and no worries about bent arrows. Re: Aluminum vs Carbon Bolts [ Re: 330-Trapper ] #6729068 01/14/20 06:27 PM 01/14/20 06:27 PM Today’s arrows are made out of aluminum alloy and/or carbon for strength, agility and speed. Fletching, which was originally turkey-wing feathers affixed to the arrow shaft, transitioned to plastic or vinyl vanes that now outfit most modern day arrows. To read more about arrow fletching, check out “The archer’s guide to fletching.”

Nov 27, 2020 · Aluminum bolts vs Carbon bolts You will hear a lot of discussion and even heated debates about whether an aluminum bolt is the best for bow fishing purposes or if you should be using a carbon bolt for this purpose.

Carbon Crossbow Bolts. Easton Bolts FMJ Crossbow. Attention: we would like to inform you that inserts are applied, but that points are however not inc.. Hori-Zone Bolts Aluminum Zarrow Tomahawk.

Carbon vs. Aluminum For instance, carbon bolts are generally far more durable than aluminum bolts. For this reason, carbon bolts are much better able to absorb impact without bending than are aluminum bolts and can therefore penetrate their targets much deeper.

This 80 lbs pistol crossbow features an aluminum body and fiberglass prod. It offers a draw weight of 80 lbs, speed of 160 fps and a power stoke of 5 inches. Includes starter arrows and works well with 6.5 inch arrows. Overall 17 inches Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy. Q235 steel is a plain carbon structural steel which is widely used in China, Q235 material in Chinese standard GB/T 700 is divided into 4 quality grades: Q235A, Q235B, Q235C and Q235D; Density of this steel is 7.85 g/cm3, tensile strength is 370-500 MPa; yield strength…

Aluminum crossbow hunting bolts , like our 435-grain XX75 Wicked Ridge Aluminum Arrow, generally have the highest precision-to-price ratio of On the other hand, carbon crossbow hunting bolts, like our 400-grain TenPoint Pro Elite 400 Arrow, generally weigh less overall than aluminum…

Unlike other crossbows, the TAC-15 shoots arrows that are more like conventional arrows rather than bolts. Due to the incredible amount of force generated by the TAC bows it requires a special arrow. Carbon fiber and aluminum each have advantages and disadvantages when it comes to bike frame material. Carbon, however, rules supreme in this area. A carbon frame will almost always be lighter than an aluminum equivalent. When it comes to the strength-to-weight ratio, few materials can come…

Apr 27, 2017 · Viare Carbon Crossbow Bolt Review. You will find the Viare Carbon Crossbow Bolts available in packs of varying sizes. These arrow sets are affordable, and they offer a lot of features. For starters, the arrows boast a 125-grain broadhead matched with 13.78 grains per inch.

aluminum vs carbon fiber ? If you were to make something from each of these. At the deflection limit what happens? Aluminum takes a permanent bend, carbon fiber shatters. An aluminum car fender given a small bump will dent – a carbon fiber one will bounce back without a scratch.The aluminum arrows are within 0.005″ in straightness. The carbon are within 0.03″ in straightness. A big difference here to some of us. You can return aluminum arrows after shooting back to 0.01″ without much effort and back to 0.005″ with a little effort & experience. This extends the useful life of aluminum arrows.

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90,000 The most powerful warrior in Westeros. The best warriors in the world

Kurds and Persians no.
Sarmatians, a handful of whom the Roman Empire entrusted to guard the Andrian rampart, leaving them to their fate – watch the film King Arthur, the favorite of the Queen of Great Britain, Clive Owen.
Sarmatians, ezhli, my direct ancestors.
And in Great Britain the fact is still established that one of the direct related languages ​​is modern Ossetian, as a descendant of Sarmatian.
Too many coincidences of ancient languages ​​- Old English and Old Ossetian, or rather Old Digorsk.
Too many.

Original taken from nannik_dr

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In this article, we take a look at 10 of the best warriors in the history of mankind. This is a very interesting topic, since you can find out what type of weapon they owned at that time and what skills the warriors of that era possessed. In addition, a warrior is not only a man with a weapon who protects his state or land, but he also has moral values, and some of them are an example to follow.

The Aztecs are considered excellent warriors, and we all know that they were ruthless in battle. Typically, they wore clothing adorned with eagle feathers or jaguar skins. They masterfully wielded weapons: clubs and bows. The Kuachiki are the rearguard (forces guarding the rear) of the Aztec army. Only those Aztecs who managed to capture 7 enemies became Kuachiks. Ultimately, the Aztecs were defeated by the Spaniards, who had more modern weapons at the time. But the Aztecs were a great empire and excellent warriors.

9. Mongols

Mongols were considered barbarians and savages. They dominated Europe and Asia, and were also skilled warriors and horse-riding masters. The greatest military leader in the history of the Mongols is Genghis Khan. They were well disciplined and excellent archery, even when riding a horse. They used a composite bow that allowed them to pierce enemy armor. They were also masters of intimidation and were excellent at exerting psychological pressure on the enemy during hostilities.The Mongols built one of the largest empires ever.

8. Mamluks

In the Middle Ages, the Mamluks were slaves to soldiers who converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and sultans of the Ayyubid dynasty. Over time, they became a powerful military caste that defeated the Crusaders. When the Mamluks converted to Islam, many of them underwent military training in the cavalry troops.The Mamluks had a complex of military and physical training, which was called furusia. This complex contained values ​​such as courage and generosity, as well as military skills: cavalry tactics, horseback riding, archery, wound healing, etc.d.

7. Romans

The Roman army was the largest and most powerful army that ever existed. Typically, the heavy infantry was clad in armor and equipped with a shield. They were masters of sword and spear and skillfully used their shield in battle. The Roman warriors were the richest warriors who could afford to create the best weapons and armor. They were well trained, armed and their military tactics helped to conquer new lands and defend their republic for many years.

6. Apaches

Apaches were a kind of “American ninja”. They could sneak up from behind and slit the enemy’s throat without him even noticing. They used primitive weapons made of wood and bone. They also skillfully handled daggers and tomahawks. The Apaches terrorized the southwestern United States, and even the military could not cope with them. They usually scalped their victims.

5. Samurai

Samurai were knights of Japan, and also had an excellent command of the katana.They were well-armed soldiers, dressed in armor, who were ready to give their lives for their master. They wielded the sharpest sword in the world that could cut a man in half. They had one more weapon – yumi (bow). Samurai were some of the best marksmen of the time. They looked like professional soldiers. Trained in brutal conditions, they fought in the knowledge that their honor was at stake. But soon, due to their violent habits, the peasants rose up against them, as a result of which the ninja appeared.

4. Ninja

Ninja were masters of disguise and sabotage. Initially, these were peasants who tried to suppress looting by the samurai, but they eventually became legendary assassins, as many people believe. They owned katana, blowpipe, shuriken and kushirigama. They are known for their ability to sneak up on their prey as a shadow. They were very much feared due to their ability to silently kill and disappear. Ninjas are great martial artists who have undergone extensive training.

3. Vikings

The Vikings were a threat to all of Europe. The most terrible warriors of that time. They terrorized Europe: raided various territories, plundered. The Vikings were fierce in battle and used whatever weapons they liked. They used axes, swords, spears. The Vikings were excellent shipbuilders and created the most advanced ships of their era. The Viking fleet consisted of warships called Drakkars. But on the other hand, they were excellent traders, thus they also brought a lot of benefits to Europe.

2. Spartans

The mother, who accompanied the Spartan to the war, told him: “With a shield or on a shield!” This makes you think about the combat training and the strength of the spirit of the Spartan warrior. People know that the Spartans were the best warriors of the ancient world, but how did their life and training go? From the very birth, the child was carefully examined. If he was weak or had some kind of defect, then he was thrown into the abyss. If a child was healthy, then from childhood he was subjected to cruel tests.The boy was taught by his father until he was seven years old. Then he was taken away from his parents and sent to a military camp. There he underwent training in the Agoge system. The boy was taught to kill, to wield various weapons. In order for the future warrior to learn to hide his pain, he was beaten with sticks and whips. Their life was an art – an art of combat, an art of war!

1. Knight

Here are his words:
“ So. Russians are not among the top 10 warriors. Because you have never tried to conquer other peoples?
“

And here is my answer:
” Russians are the best by default, period, because they default and fail epic suit everyone in the world, and there is no point in talking about it!
There was no better warrior than theirs, and there never will be.
The record contains a list of second-rate warriors, including those listed by me.

There is no one better than a Russian soldier, and there never will be!

It didn’t even occur to me that someone could challenge the courage and valor of the Russian soldiers.
I do not remind my friend.
Everyone else.
There is no stronger Russian soldier, 80% consisting of Russians and 20% of nationalities held together by the Russian people.
These are spiritual bonds – when the Russian people, like an older brother, held together all the other small nations under their protection, like their younger brothers.

Try to object to me!
Who dares?

When even the Jews who throw mud at the Russians know for sure that the Russians will come to protect them.
Who saved the Chechens from the drunken Yeltsin and his associates?
Still have questions?

Many civilizations were born and died in world history, but this article discusses the most dangerous and prosperous and their ancient warriors. This is not the best side of humanity and history in particular. In those days, it may have been the norm, but today it seems just monstrous and unimaginable.You know many civilizations from this rating, some films have been made in which everything is exhibited from the best side, but now you will find out how it really was. So, from bad to worse in human history, the most brutal ancient warriors and civilizations in the world.

10. Sparta

Sparta was very different from other ancient Greek city-states. The word “Spartan” has come down to us to describe self-denial and simplicity. Spartan life was a war. The children were more children of the state than of their parents.They were born soldiers, statesmen, strong and disciplined.

Despite the noble portrayal of them in the film “300” Spartans, they were a very cruel people. To represent: every Spartan man was a soldier. All other work was done by slaves; the Spartans were warriors, and that’s all. They fought all their lives to the point of physical exhaustion and finally retired at 60. Death consigned the Spartan to oblivion. The only Spartans who were marked with headstones are those who died in battle, winning.They and they alone had to have graves in order to amaze future generations with heroism. The one who lost the shield was executed. According to Spartan logic, the warrior must bring him back or die trying.

9. Maori

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Maori were the indigenous people of New Zealand. They built a reputation for themselves “for themselves”, in fact, eating all the intruders until the 18th century. The Maori believed that by devouring the flesh of their enemies, they became stronger, absorbing their best qualities.

They practiced cannibalism during the war.In October 1809, a European ship with convicts was attacked by a large group of cannibalistic warriors in retaliation for the cruel treatment of the leader’s son. The Maori killed most of the 66 people on board. The victims – both dead and alive – they sent in boats back to the shore, to be devoured. The few lucky survivors who were able to take cover were horrified to see the Maori devour their comrades all night.

8. Vikings

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The Vikings were North German sea people who traded, traded, and settled, exploring vast areas of Europe and Asia, as well as the North Atlantic islands, from the late 8th to the mid 11th centuries.Notorious for terror and plunder across Europe.

They were fierce ancient warriors who never shied away from combat. Their physical strength was bolstered by their martial skills, as well as the use of various weapons such as axes, swords, and spears. Perhaps their religion can be called military. The Vikings firmly believed that all people have a purpose in this life, and they fought to the death. This was their goal. Each of them was a soldier and fully proved it on the battlefield, sweeping away everything in its path.

7. Apache tribe

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Known for their fearlessness in battle, the Apaches were like the ninja of America. They didn’t look like the Native Americans themselves. With astonishingly cunning skills, they were quite adept at using primitive weapons made of bone and stone. Apaches could sneak up from behind, and you would not even have time to realize that your throat was cut. These were the greatest knife fighters the world has seen; they were pretty good with a tomahawk, great at throwing axes.They terrorized the southwest of the United States, and even the military had problems with them, scalping their victims. As fighters, the Apaches were a great success. Today, their descendants train special forces in hand-to-hand combat.

6. Roman Empire

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The Roman Empire includes almost everything that can now be considered Western Europe. The empire dictated the way of life in the conquered countries. The main countries were conquered England / Wales (then known as Britain), Spain (Hispania), France (Gaul), Greece (Achaia), in the Middle East – Judea and the coastal region of North Africa.Yes, Rome was the greatest empire, but the horrors of that empire cannot be denied. Criminals, slaves, ancient warriors and others were forced to fight each other to the death in gladiatorial games. Everyone knows the greatest villains of Rome – Nero and Caligula. In 64 AD, the early Christians were the target of terrible persecution. Some were torn apart by dogs, others were burned alive like human torches. Before becoming an empire, Rome was a republic. The emergence of Rome is supposedly legendary and is associated with a she-wolf who nursed Roma and Remulus.Combined with an excellent military and administrative system, the Roman Empire is one of the longest running. Ancient Rome lasted a whopping 2,214 years!

5. Mongols

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The Mongol Empire existed in the 13th and 14th centuries AD and was the largest landowner in the history of mankind. The Mongol Empire withdrew from the unification of the Mongol and Turkic tribes under the leadership of Genghis Khan. The Mongols were considered barbarians and savages. In Europe and Asia, they became famous for horse riding and archery.They were highly disciplined. They used a composite bow, wielded spears and sabers. They were masters of psychological warfare and built the second largest empire (after the British). It all started with the fact that Genghis Khan vowed to take over the whole world in his youth. He almost did it. Then he set his sights on China, and the rest is history. During the invasion of India, they built a pyramid in front of the walls of Delhi from human heads. They, like the Celts, had a point about severed heads.The Mongols loved to collect them and catapult them into the enemy’s camp. They did the same with the plague corpses. When the Mongols ran into pregnant women, they did … things that we will not discuss here.

4. Soviet Union

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Communism is responsible for millions of deaths. Stalin killed 10-60 million people. The Soviet Union was probably one of the greatest enemies of the United States. The ideology of universal fear.

3. Celts

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Celts lived on lands from the British Isles to Galatia.The Celts were in contact with the cultures of multiple neighbors, and there is no written mention of them. The Celts had a reputation for being bounty hunters. Many Celts fought completely naked and were famous for their long swords. They cut off the heads of slain enemies and attached them to their horses’ necks. The Celts gave the bloody trophies to their servants and sang hymns. They embalmed the heads of the most prominent enemies and kept them proud. Like, instead of a bag of gold, we got an absolute victory and the head of the enemy.They are the third among the most brutal ancient warriors and civilizations in the world.

2. Aztecs

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The Aztecs were an ethnic group in Mexico that spoke the Nahuatl language (14-16th centuries). They had a complex theocracy. The Aztecs made human sacrifices. Cannibalism was also encouraged. 20,000 people were killed a year to “make the gods happy.” The hearts of the victims were cut out and solemnly eaten. Someone was drowned, beheaded, burned or thrown from a height. And that’s not the worst part.According to the rituals of the “rain god”, children were killed in different places so that their tears could cause rain. During the sacrifice to the “god of fire” a couple of newlyweds were thrown into the fire. In the ritual of the “corn goddess”, virgins danced for 24 hours, then they were killed and skinned. The Aztec priests then carried this skin with them. And at his coronation, Auisotl, according to one account, killed 80,000 people to please his idols.

1. Nazi Germany

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The most brutal civilization in history.Nazi Germany (Third Reich) refers to Germany in the era when the country turned into a totalitarian state, under the rule of Adolf Hitler as the leader of the German National Socialist Workers’ Party, until the destruction of the Allied forces in May 1945. Despite its short duration, this civilization has greatly influenced the world. Nazi Germany started the worst war in human history – World War II. At least 4 million people were killed during the Holocaust.The Nazi swastika is perhaps the most hated symbol in the world. Fascist Germany owned about 268,829 square miles of land. Hitler was one of the most influential people in the history of the world, and his empire was by far the most terrible.
Take a look at the modern world, mired in brutal wars and conflicts. How much has changed in it since antiquity? Man is militant by nature, and he always either defends himself or attacks. In this article, you will learn about ten military cultures that instilled fear in the ancient world.

1. Praetorian Guard (Ancient Rome)

Ancient Rome was famous for its warriors and innovative military strategies. The Praetorian Guard was considered the elite of the Roman army.

The Praetorians served as the personal bodyguards of the rulers of the Roman Empire. In addition, they were often assigned tasks characteristic of modern special forces. The Roman emperor Nero sent his praetorians in search of the source of the Nile River, and also ordered them to collect the intelligence needed to conquer Ancient Egypt.The tasks of some members of the Praetorian Guard sometimes included such inglorious things as beating up civilians who did not show the due respect and enthusiasm when they were introduced to the emperor. Praetorians were also able to patrol the streets of the city, keep order, and suppress riots.

Members of the Praetorian Guard considered themselves real Roman soldiers. They were different from ordinary citizens and barbarian hordes, who were massively recruited into the Roman army. However, history knows no cases where Praetorians and barbarians fought on opposite sides; however, the former always selflessly defended Rome and its rulers, while the latter did not care whose interests to defend – they were only interested in money.

Based on historical records and surviving gravestones, only about 40 percent of Praetorians managed to serve their entire service in the Roman army, which was sixteen years. For this they were subsequently entitled to a good pension.

Among the members of the Praetorian Guard were infantrymen, cavalrymen and archers; in which case they could always replace the defeated units of the Roman army.

The Praetorian Guard was officially disbanded around 190 AD.Throughout their history, Praetorians have had varying reputations; it depended in large part on the popularity of the emperor they served. Sometimes the Praetorians had to take matters into their own hands.

When the Roman Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus ordered the disbandment of the Praetorian Guard, its members were told to abandon their horses. Each soldier had several of them. Stories are known of cases when the praetorian was so devoted to his horse that he first killed it, not wanting it to go to someone else, but after himself.

2. Assyrians

The Assyrians dominated the world of ancient history. They have achieved this position in no small part thanks to an elite – and ruthless – army.

The first Assyrian city was founded around 2000 BC, and the empire itself fell in 606 BC. During this time, the Assyrians were able to achieve significant progress in the fields of culture, literature and construction.

An inscription found on the wall of one of the Assyrian temples and referring to the fate of the people conquered by the Assyrians, reads: “Near the city gates I erected a pillar, which I covered with skin ripped from the bodies of defeated husbands.Some I walled up in a post, others I put on stakes located at the very top of it. ” It sounds sad and cruel. Similar methods were used to keep the disgruntled people humble and not try to revolt.

Around 1115 BC, the Assyrian king Tiglathpalasar III decided to create his own army. Previously, ordinary peasants took part in military battles, who were drafted against their will and forced to take up arms. The army created by Tiglathpalasar III was completely different.To train and fight – this is the main task that was put before the volunteers and recruited soldiers. Tiglathpalasar III’s army consisted of infantry, cavalry and archers, as well as engineers and builders specialized in military affairs. They created siege weapons the world had never seen before.

Assyrian craftsmen, as you know, were the first to start making weapons and armor from iron, which was much better than bronze in properties and quality. In addition, the Assyrian army was famous for the use of methods and techniques of psychological warfare, as well as inhuman treatment of prisoners of war.The Assyrians burned them alive, cut off their body parts, and so on.

The power and might of the kings of Assyria was based solely on fear.

3. Ten thousand mercenaries (Ancient Greece)

We learned about the ten thousandth army of mercenaries thanks to the works of the ancient Greek writer, historian, commander and politician Xenophon, who, by the way, was one of its hastily chosen leaders.

The ten thousandth army of mercenaries was created in 401 BC by Cyrus the Younger (the son of the Persian king Darius II and his half-sister Parysatida), who decided to overthrow his older brother, the king of Persia.Cyrus the Younger was ultimately killed deep behind enemy lines. His ten thousandth army lost its leader and could not leave the hostile lands without a new leader. The role of the commander went to Xenophon. He had to withdraw the army from enemy territory. On the way home, they fought with the Persians, Khalibs and Armenians, survived severe storms, famine and betrayal, overcame hot, barren deserts and impassable swamps. During this time, the number of the mercenary army has decreased significantly. Xenophon described in some detail all the obstacles they encountered when returning home to Greece.

Xenophon died in 354 BC. In his entire life, he wrote more than forty works, including “Anabasis”, or “The Retreat of Ten Thousand” (the name speaks for itself).

4. Hyksos

In the 18th century BC, a group of Jewish-Asian nomads settled in Egypt; their modern weapons and advanced methods of warfare have reshaped the region over the centuries.

Early historians identified the Hyksos with Biblical Jews, although it is not known for certain where they came from in Egypt.Translated from the Egyptian language, the word “Hyksos” means “rulers of foreign lands.” In general, no specifics.

When the Hyksos came to Ancient Egypt, they brought with them achievements that looked truly revolutionary. It was after the Hyksos period that the Egyptians had two-wheeled chariots, compound bows, improved bronze weapons and armor. The Hyksos also gifted them with advanced metalworking technologies and new ideas in the construction of fortifications and defenses. Their rule can be called anything but military conquest.

The Hyksos originally settled the Nile Delta. After a few decades, they took over Memphis and continued to spread their influence further. The Hyksos king Nekhsi introduced the cult of the god Set in Egypt.

The Hyksos ruled over the Egyptian lands for over a century. Around 1550 BC, they were expelled from Egypt by Pharaoh Ahmose I.

How the Hyksos managed to seize Egyptian lands is not clear to historians. However, it is thanks to them that Egypt has become a more powerful state with a developed culture and advanced technologies.

5. Scythians

Scythians are one of the most mysterious ancient warriors. We know the representatives of this people as Scythians because that is what the ancient Greeks called them.

Scythians are nomadic Iranian-speaking tribes that existed from the VIII century BC to the IV century AD and lived in the steppe zone of the Northern Black Sea region from the Danube to the Don. The first mentions of them are contained in the works of the ancient Greek historian Herodotus. Scythians wandered from one region to another, fought with each other and married with representatives of their ethnic group.It happened that they settled in cities, and some of them even owned vast land areas.

Relatively recently, in the Altai Mountains (Central Asia), archaeologists have discovered two skeletons of Scythian warriors. The find surprised scientists very much. There was a hole in the skull of one of the skeletons, presumably from an arrow. Reconstruction of the damaged areas of the skull showed that someone was desperately trying, using various methods (including crushing bone), to extract an arrow from the head of a dying warrior.

Herodotus describes the Scythians as ruthless murderers and barbarians. Since the Scythians did not have a written language, all the facts that we know about them are obtained from biased, one-sided and biased sources. Modern research and findings allow us to receive more and more important and valuable information about the culture and way of life of the ancient Scythians.

When the Scythian king was dying, the most loyal, reliable and devoted people followed him into the next world. This is evidenced by the finds discovered by archaeologists in the royal tombs – skeletons with skulls pierced in a certain place, the remains of horses, weapons and armor that could be useful to warriors in the afterlife.

Having studied the mummified bodies, which, by the way, were well preserved due to the unique method of embalming and burial in the frozen ground, scientists came to the conclusion that the Scythians spent most of their time in the saddle and fiddled with stubborn horses. They ate mostly meat, had average, by modern standards, height, strong physique and intricate tattoos.

6. Amazons

Ancient Greek writers argued that the Amazons were as ferocious and merciless as the male warriors.For a long time, historians did not know what to do with the stories about these warlike women, but the excavations and finds associated with the ancient Scythians put everything in its place. They proved that the Amazons really existed.

The first mentions of women warriors are contained in Homer’s epic poem Iliad. It was only in the 5th century BC that the Amazons began to be considered real historical characters, and not fictional literary heroines. Mainly for this reason, modern historians were not sure that the Amazons actually existed, but archaeologists managed to dispel their doubts.When they discovered the burials of a group of representatives of the Sauromatian nomadic tribe, who were close to the Scythians of the Northern Black Sea region or Central Asia (the opinions of scientists differ on this issue), they were very surprised, since some of the tombs found contained the remains of female warriors. They, as expected, were buried along with their weapons and various valuable items. This was one of the first convincing proofs of the existence of the Amazons, which Homer mentioned in the Iliad.

Since the number of nomadic tribes was relatively small, women had to take up arms in order to fight and hunt on an equal basis with men. Their lives depended on it, and, in the end, each one carried no more than his own weight, regardless of gender.

Now scientists argue about the language from which the word “Amazon” came and what it means. They put forward the following versions:

1) “amazon” is a Greek word meaning “with one breast”;
2) the name “amazon” comes from the Iranian word “ha-mazan” – female warriors;
3) the word “Amazons” means “inviolable” (for men).

7. Spartans

The Spartans are probably some of the most famous warriors of the ancient world, but their reign lasted only a few decades. In 404 BC, they triumphed over the city-state of Athens and reached the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. In 374 BC, they were completely defeated and destroyed by the Thebans. As for what happened during the decisive battle between them, controversy continues to this day, as several surviving primary sources have been found.All we know for sure is that Sparta was unable to recover from such a blow.

After the victory over the Athenians, the inhabitants of Sparta were so confident in their warriors that they decided not to enclose the city in which they lived with protective stone walls. We know very little about the way of life and military training of the Spartans – mainly because many historians considered them to be representatives of other civilizations.

The Spartans did not waste time and energy on such activities as agriculture; the necessary foodstuffs were supplied to their city-state from the conquered lands.The citizens of Sparta were more focused on war. Long before starting to rival Athens and Thebes, Sparta faced one problem – constant uprisings of disaffected and conquered people.

Boys began to teach military skills from the age of seven. Upon reaching the age of twenty, they were divided into groups, in each of which they honed a specific combat skill.

The Spartans were incredibly devoted to the gods – they organized religious holidays, performed sacrifice rites and so on.In Sparta, women had equal rights with men; if the father of the family died in battle, all his duties subsequently fell on the shoulders of the widow.

Probably the only thing that distinguishes the Spartans from other warriors of the Ancient World is that no poetry has been written about them. Spartan poets preferred to glorify not people, but war, horses and gods.

But if you are more interested in cinematic Spartans, then go here and find out who played them.

8.”Immortals”

The Immortals were a group of ten thousand soldiers who were considered the elite of the Persian army. All written information about them was found in the writings of the ancient Greek historian Herodotus. Unfortunately, nowhere else is mentioned about the “Immortals”. Consequently, we cannot be one hundred percent sure that Herodotus wrote the truth, but it is also not realistic to refute his words today.

Why the elite detachment of the Persian army was called “Immortals” is not known for certain.It is possible that the name came about as a result of an incorrect translation. According to some scholars, the 10,000-strong military elite was actually called a more intricate, but less frightening – “Apple Bearers” (English Apple Bearers; “apple” is a counterweight on the spear shaft).

According to Herodotus, the elite legion, which numbered exactly ten thousand people, was tasked with replacing, if necessary, soldiers of the Persian army who fell in battle. One of the most famous battles in which the “Immortals” participated is the Battle of Thermopylae (circa 480 BC).They fought against the Spartans alongside the legendary army of Xerxes I. They may not have been the Immortals either. In the writings of Herodotus, it is said that the armies of Xerxes I helped ten thousand Persian soldiers armed with spears in battle.

Be that as it may, the status, position and role of the “Immortals” in the war are the subject of heated debate, again, due to the lack of any evidence other than the writings of the ancient Greek historian Herodotus. And even the stone reliefs found in Persepolis did not help to advance in solving the riddle associated with the “Immortals”.

9. Warriors of the Terracotta Army

In 1974, archaeologists discovered what would become the largest protected historical site in China – the tomb of Emperor Qin Shi Huang, in which, row after row, stood at least eight thousand full-size terracotta statues of Chinese warriors armed with real weapons. horses and chariots. This is perhaps one of the most surreal excavation sites ever found by archaeologists.

At the moment, about two thousand terracotta statues have been removed from the imperial tomb.Archaeologists have carefully studied each of them and came to the conclusion that they are all different. This suggests that the terracotta statues were sculpted from real people, namely, soldiers of the imperial army. The presented stone warriors differ in rank (officers and ordinary soldiers), as well as in the type of weapon (spear, crossbow or sword).

The history of the real army, which became the prototype for the terracotta soldiers, is quite amazing. In 221 BC, Qin Shi Huang Ti (real name Ying Zheng) declared himself emperor, ruler of the Qin kingdom, ending the centuries-old era of the Warring States.He managed to do this in part by adopting an all-out war mentality.

By default, Qin Shi Huang’s army had one indisputable advantage: due to its internal location (in a territory remote from the sea or the border), it began to expand its own lands to the east, while receiving an excellent and much-needed opportunity to practice military affairs, as well as access to resources that other states did not have. In addition, the Qin Shi Huang warriors improved the chariots.When Qin Shi Huang took the throne, his thirteen-year-old heir, the future ruler, plunged into the study of the methods and techniques of warfare.

Strange as it may seem, but in history practically nothing is said about real warriors who helped Emperor Qin Shi Huang in uniting China. He died in 210 BC; with his death, the dynasty fell.

10. Army of Ancient Macedonia

Everyone knows who Alexander the Great (in Western historiography is better known as Alexander the Great), even those who have vague ideas about the history of the Ancient World.He is one of the greatest conquerors of all times and peoples; naturally, he would hardly have succeeded in becoming one without a strong and powerful army. Also, Alexander the Great, in part, had to thank his father, Philip II, for this, who created a great military culture.

When Philip II took the throne of Macedonia, the bulk of the Greek army was still mostly volunteer forces. After spending several years in Thebes, Philip II decided to create an army of mercenaries. He established the cavalry, which previously did not exist in principle, and the hypastist detachments.Among them were simple shield-bearers, “silver shields” (argyraspids) and the royal guard (from the ancient or Scandinavian word “warda” or “garda” – “guard, protect”). They acted in conjunction with the most notorious ancient Greek military units, the phalangites, but historians have no idea what kind of weapons and armor they had, what they looked like and what role they played. It is only known for certain that they were considered invincible in battle.

Philip II also decided to update the armament of the Phalangists.He took their heavy, bulky shields from them, replaced them with smaller ones, and provided them with longer spears, as well as improved siege weapons (ladders, towers, and battering rams) and artillery. Alexander the Great will be the first general to use them on the battlefield. At the other end of the spectrum were skirmishers and highly mobile guerrilla units that easily navigated even the most difficult and impassable terrain, moved at incredible speed, attacked the enemy with lightning speed, received the necessary information and disappeared in the blink of an eye.

Philip II and Alexander the Great also created detachments of heavy cavalry, the total number of which was two thousand people. On the battlefield, they were covered by light cavalry, armed with spears.

Philip II created a great army that became a homogeneous, united fighting force, faithful to the oath given to its king.

Material prepared by Rosemarina

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Did you look for this? Perhaps this is something that you have not been able to find for so long?

In an anarchic system like international relations, military power remains the best currency.A state can have great culture, art, philosophy, splendor and glory, but all this is worthless if the country does not have the military strength to defend itself. As Mao Zedong sharply put it, “political power comes from the barrel of a pistol.”

Of all types of armed forces, undoubtedly, the main one remains the ground forces – for the simple reason that people live on the ground, and will continue to live so for the foreseeable future. As noted by the famous political scientist James Mearsheimer (John J.Mearsheimer): “Ground forces, supported by aircraft and navy, represent the main branch of the armed forces in the modern world.”

In fact, according to Mearsheimer, the war against Japan in the Pacific was “the only example of a superpower war in modern history, when the ground forces themselves were not the main factor that influenced the outcome of the war, and other power tools, that is, aircraft and the navy, played the role is more than just an auxiliary one ”. Despite this, Mearsheimer claims that in this war, “the ground forces played a very important role in the defeat of Japan.”

Thus, it is the ground forces that serve as an indicator that determines the military strength of the country. But how can we establish which troops were the most powerful in their time? Based on their ability to win decisive victories over and over again and their ability to allow their country to dominate other countries, it is the function of the ground forces, since only the army can provide such conquest and control. Here are some of the most powerful armies in history.

Roman Army

The Roman army conquered the western world for several centuries.The advantage of the Roman army was its tenacity, the Romans returned and fought again and again, even after the hardest defeats. The Romans demonstrated this during the Punic Wars, when, despite a lack of knowledge and resources, they were able to defeat the Carthaginians, first showing more patience, and then taking them by surprise by landing troops near Carthage.

© HBO, 2005 Still from the series “Rome”

The Roman army gave its soldiers ample incentive to fight vigorously and stubbornly. For poor soldiers, winning the war meant getting land.For landowners – protecting property and acquiring additional wealth. For the Roman state as a whole, victory meant security.

All of these incentives encouraged Roman soldiers to fight harder, and morale is an important factor in determining an army’s combat capability. Equally important was the use of a battle formation from several lines, which, among other advantages, allowed the Romans to replace front line soldiers with fresh warriors who entered into battle with already tired enemies.The Roman army, often under the command of brilliant generals, used its mobility to gain an advantage in the offensive, especially against opponents who were primarily concerned with defense.

As a result, over the course of three hundred years, Rome from a regional Italian power turned into the master of the Mediterranean Sea and the countries surrounding it. The Roman legions, divisions of the army, consisted of professional soldiers who served 25 years, were well trained and well armed with iron weapons.The legions were located in strategically important areas, while maintaining the integrity of the empire and keeping enemies at the borders. The Roman army, despite some setbacks, actually had no equal in strength rivals in its region.

Mongolian Army

The Mongols, who numbered about a million when they began their conquests in 1206, were able to capture most of Eurasia within a hundred years. They defeated armies and countries that often had manpower resources that surpassed the Mongols by tens and hundreds of times.The Mongols were an unstoppable force that came out of nowhere and conquered the Middle East, Russia and China.

© flickr.com, Marco Fieber

The success of the Mongols is associated with the many strategic and tactical techniques introduced by Genghis Khan, the founder of the Mongol Empire. The most important factor was the mobility and endurance of the Mongols. For starters, the nomadic way of life allowed the Mongols to move huge armies over gigantic distances in surprisingly short periods of time, since the Mongols could live off their herds and the blood of their horses.

The mobility of the Mongols, indeed, was associated with their support, mainly on the cavalry. Each Mongolian equestrian warrior had three to four horses to keep them fresh. The cavalry, armed with bows and shooting at a gallop, gave the Mongols a great advantage over the infantry armies. The agility provided by the horses, along with tough discipline, provided the Mongols with the opportunity to apply new tactics, in particular, strike and quick retreat, as well as a primitive form of blitzkrieg.

The Mongols also attached great importance to terror.They deliberately ravaged cities and slaughtered defeated enemies in order to strike terror into future enemies.

Ottoman Army

The Ottoman army conquered the Middle East, the Balkans and North Africa at the peak of its power. She almost always far outnumbered her Christian and Muslim neighbors. In 1453 she conquered one of the most impregnable cities in the world – Constantinople. For five hundred years, it remained the only player in a region that previously consisted of dozens of states, and until the 19th century held out against its neighbors.How did the Ottoman army manage it?

© public domain, Turkish infantry in the war of 1897

The Ottoman army began to actively use cannons and muskets before its opponents, who continued to fight with medieval weapons, did so. On the rise of the empire, this gave a great advantage. The cannons took Constantinople and defeated the Persians and Egyptian Mamelukes. One of the main advantages of the Ottoman army was the use of elite infantry units, the Janissaries.Janissaries were trained for military service from childhood, and they were very loyal and combat-ready.

Nazi German Army

The Wehrmacht, the army of Nazi Germany, shocked Europe and the entire world accustomed to the protracted battles of the First World War, conquering most of Central and Western Europe in a few months. At one point, it seemed that the troops of Nazi Germany were about to conquer the gigantic Soviet Union.

The German army achieved these successes using new blitzkrieg tactics, combining the use of new weapons and communications, combining speed, surprise and concentration of forces with frightening efficiency.In particular, armored forces and motorized infantry, supported by short-range aircraft, were able to break through enemy lines and encircle opposing forces. In the early stages of the war, these opposing forces were often so shaken and suppressed that they offered minimal resistance.

© AP Photo, Adolf Hitler takes a parade of troops in Berlin, 1934

The blitzkrieg required well-trained, combat-ready troops, and Berlin had an abundance of them.As historian Andrew Roberts noted, “One-on-one German soldiers and their generals were vastly outnumbered by the British, Americans and Russians, both offensively and defensively, throughout World War II.”

Although Nazi ideology and a mad leader undermined the Wehrmacht’s war effort, Nazi Germany fell due to a lack of resources and soldiers.

Soviet Army

The Soviet Army (until 1946 – the Red Army) contributed more than any other army to the victory in World War II.Indeed, the Battle of Stalingrad, at the end of which the entire German Sixth Army surrendered, is almost universally regarded as a major turning point in the European theater of war.

© RIA Novosti, Vladimir Akimov

The USSR’s victory in the war and its ability to endanger the rest of Europe for four decades after the end of the war is not associated with superiority in technology (with the exception of nuclear weapons) or military genius. Stalin’s military leadership proved disastrous, especially at the start of the war, and in previous years he had purged many capable commanders from the army.

The Red Army was a military monster rather due to its gigantic size, determined by territory, population and industrial resources. As the famous historian of Nazi Germany, Richard Evans, explained: “According to the USSR’s own data, the Red Army lost more than 11 million soldiers, 100,000 aircraft, more than 300,000 artillery pieces, more than 100,000 tanks and self-propelled artillery units in the war. Other sources estimate the loss of personnel even higher, up to 26 million people. “

South German Zeitung 01/17/2017
Reflex 11/24/2016
The National Interest 11/20/2016

It must be admitted that during the war there were manifestations of military genius, especially when Stalin supported a few capable commanders, as well as armaments that were promising from a technical point of view, for example, the T-34 tank. But they did not play the decisive role in the success of the USSR, since the army continued to make huge sacrifices during the battle for Berlin.

With the exception of nuclear weapons, the Soviet Cold War era was not much different from its opponents.Although the NATO bloc had technical superiority for forty years of fighting, the USSR had numerical superiority in many categories, especially in the number of soldiers. For this reason, in the event of a conflict in Europe, the US and NATO planned to use nuclear weapons at an early stage.

US Army

For most of its history, the United States refrained from maintaining a large army. So it was conceived: the American Constitution gives Congress the right to provide and maintain a navy, but on the army says that Congress can raise and support the army as needed.

© AP Photo, Oksana Dzadan Captain of the American army near the Stryker armored vehicle

Until the end of World War II, the United States followed this model, building up large armies for the duration of the war, but quickly disbanding them after the end of hostilities. At the same time, since the beginning of the twentieth century, the American army has been very effective, especially in wars against states. It was America’s entry into the First and Second World Wars that helped tip the scales on the side of the Allies.The United States also destroyed Saddam Hussein’s army in Kuwait in 1991 and Iraq in 2003.

More revealingly, the United States was the only power in history capable of deploying numerous ground forces quickly and efficiently. This is one of the main factors in the success of the American army. Lacking as many soldiers as the USSR, the US Army is made up of highly trained military personnel using the latest weapons. The army is supported by the most powerful navy and air force the world has ever seen.

InoSMI materials contain assessments exclusively of foreign mass media and do not reflect the position of the InoSMI editorial board.

Wars are what has always been, how many people live on the planet. The military uniform at different times and in different countries is not similar to one another. It is interesting to know which warrior is the most beautiful.

The most famous scout

After the film Lawrence of Arabia was released, the most famous scout was a man named Thomas Edward Lawrence. His role in the First World War is enormous.

While at the University, Thomas traveled extensively. These were mainly travels in Syria, where he managed to thoroughly study the way of life of this eastern country. Being very hospitable, the Arabs always greeted Lawrence warmly. He ate simple food with them, learned to ride a camel, learned their dialects, and even wore Arabic clothing.

Soon, British intelligence drew attention to the young man and offered him to specialize in Arab affairs.Thanks to his activities, sabotage detachments were organized from among the Bedouins, which then operated in Arabia and Palestine. Not without the influence and help of a scout, one of the Turkish ports was taken by the Arabs during the war for independence from Turkey.

The same scout contributed to the replacement of the padishah in the twenties. As a result, the one that was more convenient for England came to power. As a result, relations with the USSR heated up, there was a question about the introduction of troops into Afghanistan.

The oldest paratrooper in Russia

Paratroopers are worthy of respect.In Russia, the most famous and oldest paratrooper was Alexei Sokolov. Unfortunately, in the spring of 2013, when he was one hundred and two years old, he passed away.

This man lived an interesting life. He participated in the Finnish company, heading the headquarters of a tank brigade battalion in those years, then in the Second World War, defended Leningrad, and then in the war with Japan. In 1948, in the rank of captain, he became deputy for the technical part of one of the parachute regiments.

Served the Falcons for more than seventy years.In recent years, he was engaged in the military-patriotic education of young people, and was an honorary chairman of the Council of Veterans.

The most beautiful warrior in the world

The beauty of a warrior largely depends on the military uniform he wears. Many years have passed since the end of World War II, but the shape of the Third Reich is still the most beautiful among all known forms.

The designers of the black SS uniform were Karl Diebitsch and Walter Heck. Hugo Boss founded a company in 1924, which began sewing uniforms for the Hitler Youth, SS and the Wehrmacht.The factory was located in Metzingen, where convicts and French prisoners worked.

The shape of the Third Reich is beautiful, varied and interesting from the point of view of the reasons that led to specific design decisions.

It should be noted that in those years no one knew Hugo Boss as a trademark. The company was initially engaged in sewing raincoats and overalls for workers. Obtaining a defense order helped to save a precarious situation. Seventy-five thousand private German tailors were engaged in sewing the uniform, one of them was Hugo Boss.

It is interesting that there is also a very funny form. Most often, soldiers of the guard of honor stand in such an absurd form. Funny can be called the robes in which the Greek Evzones march at the tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Athens, because of this, rare tourists can stop laughing. They are wearing a heavy woolen uniform, double woolen stockings.

The Swiss Guard is hired to guard the Pope. The uniform they wear was developed by Michelangelo and has not changed for four hundred years.Today, this uniform resembles a clown outfit.

The Fiji Guard of Honor are strong guys wearing tattered skirts. On their feet are slippers.

The strongest and greatest warrior of all time

Great warriors have been talked about, talk about and will always talk about. These are called Spartacus, Napoleon and Cortez. Atilla is considered a great and mysterious warrior. It is impossible not to name Richard the Lionheart, who, being the king of England, became the head of the crusade against Jerusalem.Tokugawa Ieyasu is considered a great Japanese samurai commander.

The greatest military leader of all time is Alexander the Great. Conquering the world has been his dream since childhood. Thanks to military victories, the borders of the empire spread from India to Greece.

Mongol Khan Genghis Khan is recognized as a great warrior and brilliant commander. The great Tamerlane managed to conquer the territory from the Volga to Samarkand.

Hannibal is a skilled strategist of the Ancient World.As an enemy of the Roman Republic, he fought the Punic Wars. He stood at the head of a huge army and was able to cross the Alps and Pyrenees with him.

Alexander Suvorov is deservedly named as the great warrior and national hero of Russia. There was not a single defeat in his military career. This commander had no equal in the art of war.

Alexander Nevsky was a famous commander who devoted his life to defending his homeland. Next to him you can put the name of another Russian commander – Dmitry Donskoy, who managed to defeat the Mongol horde with his army.

The strongest warriors were not only strong people. Real strongmen – for example, athletes. According to the site, the most powerful people in the world are athletes and can even move ships.
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Camshafts Mitsubishi L200 | Publishing house Monolit

4. CAMSHAFT AND VALVE OIL SEALS

ATTENTION
Parts marked in the figure with an asterisk should not be dismantled during removal or installation, but should be positioned according to the installation position for each cylinder. NOTE:
Before removing the camshafts, carry out the following steps:
– Remove the throttle body.
– Remove the EGR valve and pipe.
– Remove the intake manifold.

REMOVING THE INLET CAMSHAFT

1. Remove the timing belt.

2. Remove the cylinder head cover.

3. Remove the camshaft pulley (1):

– Using the special tools (front pulley holder (MB9

) and pins (MD998719)).

– Remove the camshaft pulley mounting bolt and remove the pulley.

4. Remove the rear timing belt cover (2).

5. Remove the camshaft oil seal (3).

6. Remove the left camshaft bearing cover (4) and the remaining camshaft bearing caps (7):

– Remove the left camshaft bearing cap bolts in the order shown in the illustration.Then remove the camshaft bearing caps.

7. Remove the intake shaft oil pipe (5) with O-rings (6) as an assembly.

8. Remove the intake camshaft assembly (8).

9. Remove the circlip (9) and spring washer (10).

10. Remove the auxiliary gear (11) and spring (12), remove the dowel pin (13).

11. Remove the intake camshaft (14).

REMOVING OUTLET CAMSHAFT

1.Remove the cylinder head cover.

2. Remove the front right camshaft bearing cap (15) and the remaining camshaft bearing caps (18):

3. Remove the complete exhaust shaft pipe (16) with O-rings (17).

4. Remove the exhaust camshaft (19).

REMOVAL OF THE OIL CAP

1. Remove the camshaft pulley (1).

9.Remove the front right camshaft bearing cap (15) and the remaining camshaft bearing caps (18):

10. Remove the complete exhaust pipe (16) with O-rings (17).

11. Remove the exhaust camshaft (19).

12. Remove the rocker arm shaft assembly (20).

13. Unscrew the nut (21) and remove the adjusting screw (22) with pivot bolt (23).

14. Remove the valve stem tip cover (24).

15. Using the special spring compressor (MD998772), compress the valve springs (27) and remove the nuts (25).

WARNING
When removing the valve spring nuts, place the piston of the corresponding cylinder in the top dead center position. If the piston is not in this position, the valve may fall into the cylinder.

16. Remove the valve poppet (26), the valve spring (27), the valve stem seal (28) and the valve spring seat (29).

CHECKING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF THE CAMSHAFT

Measure the height of the cams.

Nominal value of cam height:

Intake: 35.47 mm.

Exhaust: 35.41 mm.

Maximum allowable cam height:

Intake: 34.97 mm.

Exhaust: 34.91 mm.

NOTE:
After installing the camshafts, carry out the following operations:
– Check and adjust the valve clearances.
– Install the intake manifold.
– Install the EGR valve and piping.
– Install the throttle body.
– Remove air from the fuel system.

INSTALLING THE OIL SEAL

1. Install the valve spring seat (29).

2.Apply a small amount of engine oil to the valve stem seal (28).

3. Using a special tool (MB991999), press the valve stem seal onto the valve guide, using the valve stem as a guide.

WARNING
– Do not reuse the valve stem seals, replace them with new ones after each removal.
– Use a special tool (MB991999) to press on the valve stem seals.Improper installation of the valve stem seals will result in oil leaks.

4. Install the valve spring (27) with poppet (26).

5. Using the special spring compressor (MD998772), compress the valve springs and install the nuts (25).

6. Install the valve stem tip cover (24). Make sure the cap fits snugly over the inlet or outlet valve stem tip.

7. Screw the adjusting screw (22) into the rocker arm assembly (20) and then temporarily tighten the nut (21) so that the adjusting screw protrudes by the amount shown in the illustration.

8. Apply engine oil to the friction surfaces of the following parts:

– Rocker roller and corresponding valve surface.

– Concave spherical surface of the hinge bolt or spherical surface of the adjusting screw.

9.Install the rocker arm assembly over the pivot bolt (23) and valve stem tip cover as shown.

10. Apply engine oil to the surfaces of the cams, main journals, thrust surfaces and gear teeth.

11. Place the timing mark on the exhaust camshaft (19) in the position shown in the illustration.

12. Place the right camshaft bearing caps (18) on the main journals.

13.Apply engine oil to the o-rings (17) of the exhaust camshaft oil pipe and insert the complete end of the oil pipe into the cylinder head. Then install the piping to the left camshaft bearing caps.

14. Tighten the bolts securing the right camshaft bearing caps to the specified tightening torques in the order shown in the figure.

Tightening torques of the bearing cap bolts:

Left camshaft bearing caps: 11 ± 1 N.m.

Left camshaft front bearing cap: 20 ± 1 N.m.

15. Place the intake camshaft in a vise at the hexagonal section indicated by the arrow in the illustration.

16. Install the flange bolts (MB x 20) into the auxiliary gear. Then, using a screwdriver, turn the auxiliary gear clockwise until the hole in the auxiliary gear (M8) matches the threaded hole (MB) of the camshaft gear, as shown in the figure.

WARNING
Do not turn the auxiliary gear more than necessary.

17. Temporarily install the auxiliary gear by screwing in the bolt (MB x 20) so that its head rests against the auxiliary gear.

18. Remove the two flange bolts (MB x 20) installed in step 7.

19. Remove the intake crankshaft assembly (8) from the vise with the temporarily locked auxiliary gear. Then apply engine oil to the surfaces of the cams, main journals, thrust surfaces and gear teeth.

20. Install the intake camshaft assembly so that the timing marks on it and on the exhaust camshaft are in the position shown in the illustration.

21. Place the left camshaft bearing caps (7) on the main journals.

22. Apply engine oil to the O-rings (6) of the intake camshaft oil pipe (5) and insert the complete end of the oil pipe into the cylinder head.Then install the piping to the left camshaft bearing caps.

23. Apply sealant (ZM ATD no. 8660 or equivalent) to the shaded areas of the cylinder head and front bearing cover (4) of the left camshaft, and then install the front bearing cover on the cylinder head within three minutes after applying the sealant …

24. Tighten the bolts of the left camshaft bearing caps with the specified tightening torques in the order shown in the figure.

25. Remove the bolt (MB x 20) used to temporarily fix the intake camshaft auxiliary gear.

26. Apply engine oil to the entire inner surface of the lip of the camshaft oil seal (3).

27. Using a special mandrel (MD998713), press in the oil seal as shown in the illustration.

28. Install the rear timing belt cover (2).

29.Using special tools (front pulley holder (MB9

) and pins (MD998719)), fix the camshaft pulley (1).

30. Tighten the mounting bolts with a tightening torque of 88 ± 10 Nm.

31. Install the cylinder head cover.

32. Install the timing belt.

INSTALLING OUTLET CAMSHAFT

1.Apply engine oil to the surfaces of the cams, main journals, thrust surfaces and gear teeth.

2. Place the timing mark on the exhaust camshaft (19) in the position shown in the illustration.

3. Place the right camshaft bearing caps (18) on the main journals.

4. Apply engine oil to the o-rings (17) of the exhaust camshaft oil pipe and insert the complete end of the oil pipe into the cylinder head.Then install the piping to the left camshaft bearing caps.

5. Tighten the bolts securing the right camshaft bearing caps to the specified tightening torques in the order shown in the figure.

INSTALLING THE INLET CAMSHAFT

1. Place the intake camshaft (14) in a vise at the hexagonal part indicated by the arrow in the illustration.

2. Press the dowel pins (13) into the intake camshaft and auxiliary gear (11) so that they match the dimensions shown in the illustration.

3. Place the spring (12) against the dowel pin as shown in the illustration and install it on the intake camshaft.

4. Install the auxiliary gear on the intake camshaft so that the distance “A” shown in the illustration is between the dowel pins.

5. Install the spring washer (10) and circlip (9) on the intake camshaft.

6. Clamp the intake camshaft in a vise at the hexagonal section indicated by the arrow in the illustration.

7. Install the flange bolts (MB x 20) into the auxiliary gear. Then, using a screwdriver, turn the auxiliary gear clockwise until the hole in the auxiliary gear (M8) matches the threaded hole (MB) of the camshaft gear, as shown in the figure.

WARNING
Do not turn the auxiliary gear more than necessary.

8. Temporarily install the auxiliary gear by screwing in the bolt (MB x 20) so that its head rests against the auxiliary gear.

9. Remove the two flange bolts (MB x 20) installed in step 7.

10. Remove the intake crankshaft assembly (8) from the vise with the temporarily locked auxiliary gear. Then apply engine oil to the surfaces of the cams, main journals, thrust surfaces and gear teeth.

11.Install the intake camshaft assembly so that the timing marks on it and on the exhaust camshaft are in the position shown in the illustration.

12. Place the left camshaft bearing caps (7) on the main journals.

13. Apply engine oil to the O-rings (6) of the intake camshaft oil pipe (5) and insert the complete end of the oil pipe into the cylinder head.Then install the piping to the left camshaft bearing caps.

14. Apply sealant (ZM ATD no. 8660 or equivalent) to the shaded areas of the cylinder head and front bearing cover (4) of the left camshaft, and then install the front bearing cover on the cylinder head within three minutes after applying the sealant …

15.Tighten the bolts securing the left camshaft bearing caps to the specified tightening torques in the order shown in the illustration.

16. Remove the bolt (MB x 20) used to temporarily fix the intake camshaft auxiliary gear.

17. Apply engine oil to the entire inner surface of the lip of the camshaft oil seal (3).

18. Using a special mandrel (MD998713), press in the oil seal as shown in the illustration.

19. Install the rear timing belt cover (2).

20. Using special tools (front pulley holder (MB9

) and pins (MD998719)), fix the camshaft pulley (1).

32

D. Belomir, Vyazemsky district, Smolensk region “Yartsevo.Ru

Another interesting burial site in the Smolensk region came across.A military burial in the village of Belomir, Vyazemsky district of the Smolensk region during the war Semlevsky district. From the beginning, I found the first passport, and there are only 7 soldiers, but the phrase characterizing the total number surprised me most of all – it has not been established. How was it formed, that they do not know how much they buried?

fragment of the burial passport site Memory of the people

Having found the 2nd passport of the 2014 burial on the website, they simply put a dash in it instead of the number of those buried.

fragment of the burial passport site Memory of the people

fragment of the burial passport site Memory of the people

After checking the data on the listed soldiers on the websites of the Ministry of Defense, I received the following result:

highlighted in yellow refers to the first passport

As you can see in the first passport, it was not possible to establish data on only one private Nedelko Stepan Alekseevich.Added to the second passport of 2014 from 6 to 13, according to reports, they were buried in the village of Belomir, but from 14 to 20, soldiers of the 35th rifle brigade, who were killed and buried in village of Borki, Dorogobuzh district, are reburied.

And one could believe it, if not for one but.

Firstly, 27 soldiers died in the battles for the village of Borki, and not 7, as in the list.

Secondly, from this list TROE are listed in 2 burials . This is Sergeant Ryzhankov F.P. and sergeant Faizman H.I. back in the village of Aleksino, and private Fedosov P.Ya. – in Dorogobuzh, Pobedy Val.

And it would not be so strange if it were not for this fact.

a native of the Semlevsky district is highlighted in yellow

15 soldiers and officers whose death and burial are confirmed by the documents of the losses of the Red Army units, are simply forgotten.

The worst thing in this matter is that digging predominates in the process of restoring the names of fallen soldiers, without any analysis of losses.Until there are 20 unknowns per soldier’s medallion, this cannot be called work.

And the second time, it took 3 hours to check this burial, that is, in 75 years we could not find this time, and on May 9 we find time to speak at the monument.

We remember, we are proud, we honor.

Nikolay Novoselov

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This is where the Mid Kick design kicks in, providing a smooth, flexible bow. The full power from the entire length of your stick is loaded into your shots, making them extremely powerful on disposables and flip flops.

All shaft technology is directed down to the blade – the perfect tool built for snipe that dangles all day.Thanks to the reinforced UniSpar support structure passing through the blade core, this knife is held stronger than traditional blades on the market today. Players should expect to see an increase in blade strength, a decrease in flexibility, and an overall feeling of invincibility as to what their blade can handle.

AX4, being the second in a row, sneaks under everyone’s radar with technology to make this one of the most expensive and durable sticks on the market today. Get this and start your dynasty.

Weight:	508 Grams	Weight of the product measured in grams.
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Construction Material:	Compression & Stretch Fibers	Type of material the product is made of.
Kick Point Position:	Mid-Kick	Inflection point where maximum stored energy is released.
Shaft Design:	Concave	Shape of the shaft edge.
Blade Construction:	Carbon Fiber	Type of material the blade is made of.
Tapered:	Yes	Shaft width gets thinner towards the blade
Warranty:	30 Days-Must Be Done Through Manufacturer	Period of time the product is covered under a manufacturer’s warranty.

CENSUS BOOK (“THIRD”) OF PSKOV SUBURBS:

1711:
CENSUS BOOK (“THIRD”) OF PSKOV SUBURBS:

ISLAND,
RED AND VYSHEGOROD CENSUS OF THE GENTLEMAN MATVEY AGAFONOVICH DUBROVSKY;

OPOCHKA, VELIER AND VORONICH CENSUS OF GRIGORY MATVEEVICH SHCHERBININ;
CHOICE, DUBKOV, VOLODIMERETS AND THE TIME OF THE CENSUS OF THE GENTLEMAN MIKHAIL MATVEEVICH
SHCHERBININA

(RGADA.
Form 1209. Op. 1 D.8510)

(sheet 1) Summer 1711 September __ day by decree
great sovereign… the nobleman Matvey Agafonov son Dubrovsky arrived in
Pskov suburbs to Ostrov in Krasnoe in Vyshegorod and those suburbs to counties …

(fol. 2) City Island …
In it is the courtyard of the sovereign and in that courtyard lives the voivode, a foreigner Ivan Vasiliev son
Brannitskaya 50 years old his wife Koterin 45 years old son Ivan 15 years old …

(sheet 26) For Ilya Ivanov’s son Neklyudov what was behind Ivan Afonasyev’s son
Neklyudov of the village of Proshchelykina …
(l.27) Kozma Borisov’s son Glazov a village that was the village of Lelyavino in that
the village lives brother Evo Kozmin Severyan Borisov son Glazov 60 years old…
(l.28) Semyon Dmitriev’s son Eremeev what was behind Kozma Lukin’s son Nogin
the village of Kozyanovo, which is now called Kozadavlevo …
(l.28ob.) Rodion Ivanov’s son Sumorotsky village of Artemovo in it the yard is evo
Rodionov lives in the courtyard Radin 47 years old he has children daughter Avotya 10 years old yes 3
son Thomas 8 Force 3 Gabril 2 years …
(l.30) Seeds and Peter Andreev children and Rodion Ivanov son of Sumorotsky
the village that was the Grechikhino wasteland …
(fol. 35v.) Ivan da Emelyan of the Polikarpov children of the Davydovs that was behind Polycarp
Andreev’s son Davydov, the village of Bryakushino…
(l.36ob.) Ivan Nikitin’s son Timoshev what was behind his father Nikita Timoshev
Markovo estate …
(fol. 37) of the widow of Marya Mikhailova, daughter of Vasilyeva’s wife Brylkin, the village of Rozhnovo
… yard … she lives a widow 36 years old son Nikita 3 years old … her mother is a widow
Mikhailovsky’s wife Nogin Paraskovya Yakimova daughter 70 years old …
(fol. 38ob.) For Bogdan Ivanov’s son Bekleshov what was behind Yury Bekleshov
village Fedosino Stepashino Khalkogino Starino Zuevshchina identity …
(fol. 39ob.) Grigory Borisov’s son Efrosimov that was Elisey Dmitriev’s son
Simanskiy village Detkovo…
(l.40) Stepan Mikhailov’s son Bukhvostov what was behind his father Evo Mikhail
Bukhvostov, the village of Shutikhino …
(fol. 40ob.) Lavrenty Mironov’s son of the Prince what was behind Moisey Stepanov’s son
Bukhvostov, the village of Emelyanovo …
(fol. 46ob.) The widow of Fyodora Ramanova’s daughter of Gurieva’s wife of Velikopolsky what was
Vasya Grigoriev, son of Kharlamov, the village of Podtopolye … in the yard she is a widow 98
years …
(fol. 48) Ieva da Agafona of Petrov’s children of the Nogins, the village of Medvetkovo … in the yard he
Iev 22 years old his brother Agathon 18 years old their mother (l.48ob) Akina 80
years old Ieva’s wife Pelageya is 18 years old …
(fol. 52) Ivan Timofeev’s son Dubrovsky, the village of Dobrodubskoye …
(fol. 52ob.) Agafon Isaev, son of Dubrovsky, the village that was Savino wasteland on
river Nutra …
(l.53ob.) Warrior Florov’s son Bukhvostov that was Vasily Bukhvostov in the village
Omelyanove …
(l.54) Ivan Kharitonov’s son Lopukhin …

In the Gnilskaya Bay ….
(l60) Alexei Fedorov’s son Sumorokov what was behind his father Fedor
Twilight village Goristitsa…
(l.60ob.) Ivan Ivanov’s son Kvashnin Samarin what was Alexei Noshchokin village
Rotten … the yard of evo Ivanov he lives in it Ivan for 13 years his mother (l.61) is a widow
Martha Alekseev’s daughter 50 years old …
(fol. 62ob.) Ilya Yakovlev’s son Nogin the village of Teterino … the courtyard he lives in it
Ilya 47 years old his wife Varvara Ivanova daughter (l.63) 25 years old [daughter of Ivan
Zakharovich Alekseev] son ​​Ivan 11 years old and 2 daughters Marya 13 Afrosenya 10 years old …
(l.64) Ivan Polikarpov’s son Davydov that was Polycarp Davydov…
(fol. 66ob.) Bogdan and Zakharya Sumarokovs what was behind Fyodor Sumarokov …
(fol. 67ob.) Yakov da Ulyana Evokimov’s children of Davydovs in the village of Panyugin …

(fol. 69) Zabolotskaya Bay. ..
(l. 71ob.) For the landowners …
Vasily Agafonov, son of Dubrovsky village of Tsarevo Rublevo, also on the Great River in
that village is the yard of evo Vasiliev he lives in it Vasiley 44 years old with his father Agathon
Isaev, son of Dubrovskaya, 80 years old and crippled, and poor at the poor Vasily’s wife Fekla 28
years old daughter Anna is 3 years old… yard people left after a pestilence …

(sheet 76) Zaborovskaya Bay …

(l.80ob.) Nemoevskaya Bay …

(sheet 90ob.) Sinskaya Bay …
Vasily Vasilyev’s son Sumorotsky what was the father of evo Vasily Petrov’s son
Sumorotsky … (fol. 91) the village of Pekhovo …
Semyon Andreev, the son of Sumorotsky, that Ivan Sumorotsky, the village of Igolkino … yard
evo in the yard he is Semyon 60 years old his brother Peter is 8 years old …
(sheet 92ob.) Ivan Mikhailov’s son Kokoshkin …the village of Semenkino …
Ilya Ivanov’s son Neklyudov in the village of Ermolino …
(fol. 93) Semyon Dmitriev’s son Eremeev which was the Pskov Cossack Vasily Panov
the village of Mishkovo …
(fol. 93ob.) Vasily Ivanov’s son Alekseev what was his father’s village Vorosovo dvor
Evo Vasiliev in the yard Evo’s father Ivan Zakhariev son Alekseev 55 years old he has children
Semyon 35 Vasiley 28 Evdokim 20 Kozma 13 daughter Marya 15 years old Semyon’s wife Afimya
24 son Fedor 3 years …

(l.98) Suburb Vyshegorod
Gleb is wooden…

(l.99ob.) Borisoglebskaya Bay … For the landowners …
Ivan Ivanov’s son Konovnitsyn the village of Klimovo on the Lada River …
courtyard people …
(fol. 102) Mikhail Kuzmin’s son Klepikov what was behind the Pskov Cossack for
Gavrilo Kuzmin …
Savin Lukin’s son Neklyudov … the village of Zavodino …
(sheet 106) Widow Avdotya Gavrilova’s wife Borozdin …

(sheet 107ob.) In Korovskaya Bay
Korovskaya churchyard there is a wooden church in it in the name of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos
…..
(l.107ob.) For the landowners …
Semyon Mikhailov’s son Golenishchev which was the father of Evo Mikhail
Golenishchev village Solovyatina Gora … in the yard there is a peasant …
(sheet 110) Stepan Mikhailov’s son Bukhvostov …
(sheet 112ob.) Paskovia’s widow Gerasimova, daughter of Ignatieva’s wife Brylkin …
village Bryantsova gora …
(fol. 115ob.) Yakov Ivanov’s son Lopukhin what was behind Peter Kvashnin …
(fol. 116) Ivan Yakimov’s son Zubaty …
(fol. 118ob.) Matvey Golenishchev what was behind Elizar Golenishchev
the village of Zherebtsova… there is a peasant in the yard … in the village of Stupino, the yard is empty.
Matvey (fol. 119) Golenishchev from the village of Stupino brought him to his estate in Toropetskaya
uyezd …
(fol. 119ob.) Bogdan Ivanov’s son Bekleshov what was behind his father Ivan
Bekleshov, the village of Borodino Zhegovskaya, too … a peasant in the yard …

(sheet 136) Semyon Mikhailov’s son Golenishchev in the village of Zerkalovo
the yard is empty …

(sheet 144) In the Grivskaya Bay …
Fyodor Filimonov’s son Zabelin the village that was the wasteland Trubanovo Orlovo identity
courtyard evo Fedorov… Fedor 40 years old his wife Irina 26 years old Fedor’s mother is worthless
widow Domna Gavrilova daughter 80 years old … (l. 144ob.) behind him Fedor what was
Ivan Zabelin in the village of Medvetkovo …
(fol. 145) Grigoria Ivanov’s son Sumarotsky village Molostvovo Zelenino identity in it
he lives Grigorey Sumarotskaya 45 years old his wife Anna 25 years old he has 2 sons Semyon
7 years Gerasim year …
(l.145ob.) Mina Fedorov’s son Kozlyaninov village Teterino and on peasant
Skaska Khvostovo he lives in it Mina 65 years old his wife Ovdotya 50 years old daughter
Julitta is 14 years old…

(fol. 170ob.) Verkhneovsinskaya Bay …
Afonasya Ivanov’s son Zabelin what was behind Nikita Bukhvostov …
Bregodir Volodimer Petrovich Sheremetev what was behind Bogdan Peretrutov …
(p. 171) the village of Kavlishovo …

(p. 195) Savin Lukin’s son Neklyudov what was the father of Evo Luka Neklyudov village
Opankino … dvor evo … he lives Savin, he is 26 years old, his wife is Anna 18
years old sister of Mavra 18 years old …

(l.206) The city of Red on the river on the Sina…
(l.207ob.) Courtyard of the Krasnogorodsky clerk hut Peter Kaurchin …
Peter 56 years old (l.208) his wife Anna 55 years old son Ivan 12 years old daughter Pelageya 11
Afimya 9 years old …

(sheet 216ob.) For landowners …
Former colonel Moiseeva’s wife Murzenk, widow Anna Nikolaeva’s daughter, what
were the sovereign palace village Platonovo …
(l.224ob.) For the soldier Fyodor Berdnikov …
For the soldier … Inozemtsov … Stankeyeva Paraskovia’s daughter what was
beyond Nikita Stankeev the village that was the Kudrovo wasteland… she lives Paraskovya
24 years old she has children Ivan 10 years old Prokofey 8 years old daughter Stephanida 7 years old …
(sheet 249ob.) The widow of the noble Nikitina’s wife Stankeyev Solomanida Malafeeva
daughter and stepson Nikifor Stankeyev, what happened to her husband after Nikita
Stankeyev’s small village that was the village of Kozmino … she lives for 25 years with her son Anton
9 years old daughter Agafya 6 years old …

(fol. 275) In the summer of 1711 December 1 day the census book was submitted by the census officer Grigory
Matveyev son Shcherbinin
(p. 276) Summer 1711 March __ day… Grigorey Matveev son Shcherbinin arrived
to the Pskov suburbs in Opochka in Velya in Voronech …

(sheet 277) Opochka suburb …

(sheet 323ob.)
yard evo landowners and yard people live in it …
(sheet 324) For Ivan Vasilyev’s son Bochkin in the semi-village of Klemeshki yard evo
landlords and an old courtyard man lives in it for a month …
census book of 186th year is written… the village of Doroshevo …

(sheet 333ob.) For Semyon Filipov’s son Bedrinsky … according to the census book of the 186th
year … 3 peasant yards … in the village of Belshino … (sheet 324) village
Gavriltsov 1 yard …

(sheet 335ob.) For Zakhary Trofimov’s son Lomakov and now for his son Timofey
the village of Ryasino Slakino, too … he lives Timofey for 16 years in the shrinks with him
mother Akilina Kirilova daughter 26 years old sister Pelageya 9 years old…
(fol. 338ob.) For Ivan and Mikhail Zakhariev children of the Karpovskys … as before
The census book was followed by Fyodor Bogdanov’s son Karpovsky …

(sheet 363) For Stepan Ivanov’s son Khvostov … according to the census book of the 186th
year, that courtyard was written behind Roman Bedrinsky … in the village of Shutove …
(fol. 367ob.) For Cyril Bogdanov’s son Snavidov and the village that was a wasteland
Ivanovskoe Pokrovsky priest Grigoria Melenka also lives in it on the Izgoditsa river
landowner Kirila Snavidov 44 years old Evo’s wife Avdotya Matveeva daughter 21 years old he has 2
son Fedot 17 Sidor 15 years old daughter Agafya 9 years old… (l.368) yes in the same village
Melenki was written according to the census book of 186, the courtyard of a back man … for
Roman Bedrinsky and in the last 700th year from that courtyard, those backyard people
transferred to the Voskresenskaya Bay in the newly settled village of Krenevo Krasikhino identity
…
(fol. 369ob.) For Onton Bogdanov’s son Snavidov according to the census book of 186
year written behind Bogdan Petrov’s son Snavidov in the pink lips of 6 yards
peasants by sharing with his brother Evo Kirilo Snavidov the village of Ilyino in it
he lives Anton with his wife and children and serves in elected companies and his wife Evo Irinya
Iyudina 31 years old they have a daughter Anna 4 years old Evo mother Domna Moiseeva 76 years..
(l.371ob.) For Ivan and Mikhail Zakhariev children of the Karpovsky …
was the wasteland of Votoropino Nestyugino also … the courtyard of the landowner he lived Ivan z
their brother Michael and they are in the service of the great sovereign in the elective companies of
Ivan’s wife Ofimya Matveev is 33 years old, Mikhail’s wife Avdotya Danilov is 31 years old …
the former census book of 186 … the village of Slinkovo ​​Tarasovo lives in it
they themselves Stepan 38 years old his wife Agripina Gavrilova 21 years old son Peter 2 years old
his brother Artemey is 34 years old…
(l.389) For the dragoon of the Olonets regiment for Gavrila, Moiseev’s son Bukhvostov
village …

(sheet 424) Voronoch suburb …

(sheet 424ob.) Palace of palace villages
Mikhail Fomin he is 61 years old his wife Anna Varfolomeeva 57 years old daughter Irina 14 years old
he has an employee Paraskeva Andreeva, 31 years old …

(sheet 458) For Ivan Ivanov’s son Kozhevnikov, what was the former landowner
Parfeny Tulubiev 2 yards and one yard behind Klementy Borozdin and in
the estate of Telyatnikov, the courtyard of Evo Ivan Kozhevnikov and in it on the vestibule the widow
Marya Vasilyeva is the wife of Gus, 51 years old; a total of a wife in the landowner’s yard..
(p. 462) For the widow of the Grigorievskaya wife of Bogdanov’s son Neklyudov for Marya
Ermolaeva 61 years old estate of Volosovo Oksenovo identity …
(fol. 472ob.) For Gavrila Naumov’s son Kozlyaninov … according to the census book
In 186, it was written after Evo’s uncle Yakov Ulyanov’s son Kozlyaninov …
the village of Budaevo …
(fol. 473) For Kiril Petrov’s son Lukomsky …
(fol. 491ob.) Bogdanov’s wife Ulyanov’s son Elagin’s widow Daria Voinova …
the village that was the wasteland of Bryukhovo … she is 31 years old son Danila 4 years old daughter Agafya 9
years …
(fol. 505) For the former centurion of the Pskov archers after Kondraty Klepikov …

(fol. 507) Terebenskaya Bay
At the churchyard, a church in the name of the Resurrection of Christ, a wooden structure next to that church
in the courtyard lived priest Hilarion Yakovlev with his wife Evdokeya with his son Boris and his daughters
… and he and the whole family are now in Pskov and he serves in the cathedral church at Trinity
…
For Ivan and Mikhail Zakhariev children of the Karpovskys … according to the previous census
the book of 186th year was written … the village of Myshino…
(l.507ob.) Church of the Resurrection of Christ in the Terebensky churchyard according to the census book
186th year behind that church of peasant 2 yards …
(fol. 508) For Ivan Vasilyev’s son Bochkin, the village of Sorochievo Korolikhino, also in
that little village is the courtyard of the landowner and they live in it he is Ivan 36 years old his mother
native Fedosya Ivanova 49 years old his wife Anna Grigorieva 29 years old daughter Anna 2
years … (fol. 508ob.) of the Grigorievsky estate of Neklyudov that was written after
census book of 186th year … the village of Gorki…
(fol. 509ob.) For Vasily Vasilyev’s son Kozodavlev, the village of Stupino in that village
he himself lives Vasily to the fullest. Evo’s wife Tatyana Grigorieva is 31 years old with his children
son Bogdan 7 years old daughter Thekla 10 years old … in the same village of Stupino old times
courtyard people … (fol. 510) but what was the Grigoriev estate and estates
Bogdanovasyna Neklyudov … according to the census book of 186 peasants and
Bobyl households and from that date went to his husband Vasily by sharing with Ivan
Vasiliev’s son Bochkin 6 courtyards that were written according to the previous census
the book of the 186th year… the village of Podelno 1 yard … (l.510ob.) the village of Otaikha …
(p.511) the village of Vaskovo … the village of Pod’elno … the village of Okunevo …
(l.511ob.) Behind the steward behind Semyon Dmitriev’s son Eremeev … by
census book of 186th year … 9 households … behind him is Semyon Grigoria
Neklyudova 2 courtyards … the village of Ruchkino …
(fol. 514ob.) For Peter Andreev’s son Nepeitsyn … according to the census book of the 186th
year … the estate Belevo …
(fol. 515ob.) For Yakim Prokofiev’s son Rokotov … according to the census book of the 186th
year, there are no peasants, and over the census books it was built on the Pleshneve Pyadovo wasteland
also peasant 1 yard…
(l.516) For Prokofy Ephraim the son of Lamakov … which was written according to
census book of 186th year for Andrey Nepeitsyn …. the village of Smedeevo 2
yard …
(sheet 517) In total, there is one wooden church in the Terebenskaya Bay on the churchyard …
(sheet 532) For the former Pskov centurion of the Pskov archers after Kondraty Kozmin
son Klepikov, the village that was the wasteland of Zakharovo …

(sheet 533) In the suburb of Velye …

(l.534ob.) The yard is empty of clerk Ivan Larionov a
he is in Pskov with his wife and children as clerks in the palace order…

(sheet 539ob.) Preobrazhensky regiment of the Life Guards behind Captain Pavel Ivanovich
Eguzinsky that, according to the decree named after the great sovereign, was given from the palace … the village
Mikheevs …

(sheet 545) of the Preobrazhensky regiment of the Life Guards behind Captain Pavel Ivanovich
Eguzinsky …

(sheet 551) For Matvey Fedorov, son of Karpovsky … (sheet 551ob.) Amshenikovo village
and he lives in it the landowner Matvey 36 years old wife of Evdokia Yakimov 36 years old with his children
Stepan 7 daughter Pelagia 5 years old…
(l.553) For Ivan Afonasiev’s son Sumorotsky … (l.551ob.) … little village
Yarkushevo … he lives Ivan himself 71 he has a wife Anna Kondratyeva 61 they have a son
Vasily 26 years old …
(fol. 556) For Bogdan and Zakhary Ivanov children of Sumorokov’s father’s estate
in addition to the census books, a peasant yard was built on the Tihanov heath …
Eguzinsky …
(fol. 565ob.) For Evtifey Malofeyev’s son Sobakin, according to the scribe, wasteland
Ushakov…that wastelands above the census books were built by him Malofey himself
estate and in that estate he lives Euthytheus 51 his wife Ulyana Vasilyeva is 49 years old
…

(fol. 574ob.) For Vasily Vasilyev’s son Sumorotsky … which was written according to
census book of 186th year for father Vasily Petrov’s son Sumorotsky …

(fol. 576) For Evsigney Lvov son Rokotov … according to census book of 186th
the year that was written (fol. 576ob.) for the former landowner Prokofy Grigoriev
son Rokotov on the division with his brother Ilya Lvov son Rokotov…
(l.577) For Ivan Varfolomeev’s son Khotyintsov … according to the census book
186th year what was behind the former landowner Bogdan Evtifeev’s son Rokotov
… the village of Dubinino …

(fol. 583) Behind the Nikolaevsky Monastery with Perino from Pskov … according to the census book
186th year written for Ivan Yakovlev’s son Bedrinsky and after it was for
Evo’s brother Ivan Bedrinsky 2 peasant yards and after his wife Evo Ivanova
Avdotya Ivanova’s daughter was the village of Matyushkino and that village, according to her
monastery and now that monastery, a visiting courtyard in the courtyard of that monastery
service book…
(l.584) For Vasily Sidorov’s son Brylkin … in the census (l.584ob.) Book
186th year what was written behind the father of Evo Sidor Brylkin of peasant 5
courtyards of the village of Leonovo …
(fol. 585) For Ivan Larionov’s son Lomakov … according to the census book of the 186th
year that was written after the father of evo Larion Lomakov … (sheet 585ob.) for evo
wife Ivanova sister widow Agafya Larionova daughter Nikitina wife
Ivanov’s son Alekseev …

(l. 604ob.) For Vasily Vasilyev, son of Sumorotsky … according to the census book
In the 186th year, in the village of Mikhailova Gora, which is called Gorushka, they lived in 2 courtyards
peasants … fled to the Polish border …

(sheet 608) For Ivan Yermilyev’s son Zubaty … Ignatievo wasteland and on that
wasteland settled in his yard in the yard he Ivan 13 his father Ermil 65 widows
brother Vasily 9 sister Matryona 11 three female workers …
(fol. 610) For Foma Ulyanov’s son Elagin … according to the census book of 186
….. for Yermila Zubaty [married since 1675 to Praskovya Ivanovna Zabelina] and now for
Thomas got him as a dowry for his wife Evo Fomina and Evo Ivanova’s sister
the village of Goryuchkova …

(sheet 612) For the Varanets clerk Mikhail Fomin the village …

(sheet 618) In the summer of 1711 October on the 4th day … the nobleman Mikhailo Matveyev son Shcherbinin
… having arrived in the Pskov suburbs in Choice in Dubkov in Volodimerets in Vrev …

(fol. 619) Empty suburb Choice …
(fol.619ob.) Togozh of an empty suburb of the Choice, empty courtyards that died from
nasty illness and speedy death in the past o 710th year …

(sheet 632ob.) The same Kuzmodemyanskaya lip for landowners
Bogdanov’s wife Prokofiev’s son Rokotov’s widow Ovdotya Kondratyeva’s daughter
the village of Koreshevo in it is a courtyard of a noble family in it she lives the widow Ovdotya 45 years old
her children Ivan 20 Alexey 10 Ovdotya 15 Marya 14 …
(fol. 634) For Ivan Nikitin’s son Tatishchev what was written after Jacob
Alekseev’s son Tatishchev is a small village that was the village of Kopytov in it yard
noble shepherd in the yard…
(fol. 636ob.) Stolnik Stepan Vasiliev, son of Tatishchev, Kopylov village …
(fol. 637ob.) The village of Kalitina that was behind Bogdan Evtifeev’s son Rokotov a
now behind the Mayor after Ivan Varfoloev’s son Khotyintsov …

(sheet 644) The same Krekshinskaya Bay
Ivan Ivanov, son of the Dubrovsky village of Bobrovo … what is written on
census book of 186th year (fol. 653ob.) for Semyon Alexandrov’s son
Beshentsov village Stepanovka…

(fol. 656) An empty suburb of Dubkov …

(fol. 663) The same Spaskaya bay for the landowners …
Peter Ivanov’s son Glazov village Inazino noble court he lives Peter Glazov
40 years old his wife Irina Grigorieva daughter 30 years old Hunt Agafya 2 years old …
(fol. 664ob.) Alexei Grigoriev’s son Chirkin what was his grandfather Kornilya Chirkin
the village of Govyadovo … he lives Alexey 26 years old his mother is a widow Marya Semenova
daughter 50 years old … (p. 663) went to his brother Rodion Osipov, son Chirkin
……

(fol. 673) Captain Sergei Siseev of the village of Samsonov, the yard is empty for more than 10 years …

(fol. 674ob.) Governor Pyotr Matveyevich Opraksin which was Kuzma Mokeev
Natokina village …
(sheet 675) Ivan Neplyuev 3 empty courtyards …

(sheet 678) Kipriyan Potapov, son of Karpovsky, the village of Kusheikino and now its name
Semenkino dvor evo landowners he lives Kipriyan for 14 years … (p. 679) living with his uncle
his own son Ivan Stepanov Karpovsky…
(fol. 681ob.) Vasily Polibina what was Afonasya Beshentsov village of Khomutova …
(fol. 686ob.) Ivan Lukin’s son Dedenev village Pyatkovo …
Ivan Dedenev 40 years old he has ena Ekaterina Alekseeva 35 years old children son Alexey 10
daughter Ekaterina 6 years old …

(fol. 694) Empty suburb of Volodimerets …
(fol. 694) The same Nikolskaya bay courtyards of landowners
Ulyana Sergeev’s son Razderishin village of Tupitsino … courtyard people …
(l .694ob.) Miron Ulyanov’s son Elagin what was behind Sergei Ignatiev’s son
Razderishin village of Tupitsyno…
(l.697ob.) Evsegney Lvov son of Rokotov according to the previous census book of 186
year the village was written (fol. 698) Savino … the peasant’s yard and now the yard
noble … in the yard he is Evsegney 22 his mother is a widow Nastasya Ermolaeva
daughter 70 years old … (l. 698) according to the census book of 186th year … for father evo for
Lev Rokotov …
(fol. 699ob.) Ignatija and Fyodor Vasilyev’s children of the Ladygins, the village of Klimontovo …
Nazimov…
(l.706ob.) Prokofy Fedorov’s son Skuratov … according to the census book of 186th year
after Potap Karpovsky …
(fol. 707ob.) Myeor Ivan Varfolomeev’s son Menshov Khotyintsov …
(fol. 708) Afonasya Semyonov’s son Beshentsov … according to the census book of 186th year
a small village was built on the Davytkovo wasteland, and in that village was a landowner’s courtyard …
courtyard people at the mesechina …

(sheet 716) An empty suburb of Vrev …

(sheet 717) For the landowner Mikhail Ivanov, son of Somorokov, the village of Maryino in
backyard peasant…

(fol. 721ob.) Ivan Ivanov’s son Dubrovsky that Vasily Pavlov’s son Lodygin gave
as a dowry for his daughter Elena to his son-in-law Ivan Dubrovsky according to the previous
the census book of the 186th year of peasants in that Vrevo district, 5 households and those
the courtyards are now empty …
Andrei Matveev’s son Lodygin, the village of Bolshoye Kochanovo …
(fol. 722ob.) Ivan Pavlov’s son Lodygin … according to the census book of the 186th year
20 yards were emptied …

(p. 724) Vybsky Uyezd of Dyatskaya Bay…

Ducati: Moto, MotoGP and Superbike

Latest generation TFT instrument cluster

The new Panigale V4 2020 features a bright 5-inch high-definition TFT display (186.59 ppi – 800xRGBx480) with a modern attractive graphical interface. The main criteria in the development of the instrument panel were ease of reading information and ease of access to functions.

The centerpiece of the instrument cluster is the circular virtual tachometer on the right side of the screen, which symbolizes the transition to new solutions and is a reference to premium automotive dashboards. Desmosedici Stradale engine speed is indicated by an arrow on a scale ranging from 1000-15000 rpm. The movement of the arrow is accompanied by a white trace, which gradually changes the color of the scale, first to white, then to orange and, upon reaching the maximum speed, to red.

Two different screen layouts are available: Track mode displays lap times and highlights the RPM range most commonly used on the track; Road mode displays Ducati Multimedia System (DMS) information and the RPM range used on public roads instead of lap times. For the convenience of reading information, the location of the digital indication of the maximum speed, the selected driving mode and transmission does not change when changing the screen layout.

In addition to the classic menu, which displays the total mileage, trip 1, trip 2, fuel consumption, average fuel consumption, fuel consumption per trip, trip time, average speed, air temperature, lap mode on / off. (only in “Track” mode), playback on / off. (only in “Road” mode), on of the new model Panigale V4 2020 an additional menu is available in the lower right part of the screen, which performs two functions: display / indication of parameters related to the selected driving mode, or quickly change the parameters of the DTC systems, DWC, EBC and DSC.Finally, the new Panigale V4 2020 is equipped with an automatic turn signal off function. This means that the direction indicators turn off automatically after completing a turn or, if the direction indicator was turned on by accident, after the motorcycle has traveled a certain distance in a straight line (from 200 to 2000 m, depending on how fast the motorcycle was moving when the turn signal was turned on).

Moscow region “Lyskovo”

Dobrotvorsky Igor Yurievich

Head of Administration

of the municipal formation “g.Lyskovo “Lyskovsky municipal district of the Nizhny Novgorod region

Date and place of birth: April 3, 1970, Lyskovo, Gorky region.

Education: NSU im. Lobachevsky.

Specialty: jurisprudence.

Previous places of employment:

1987 – 1988 – milling machine operator at LETZ.

1988 – 1990 – Served in the ranks of the Soviet Army.

1990 – 1993 – 3rd grade milling cutter at JSC LETZ.

1994 – 2001 – Legal Advisor, LLC AF Volgotransgaz.

2001 – 2003 – Head of the Legal Department of the Zemsky Assembly of the Lyskovsky District.

2003 – 2005 – Head of the Legal Department of the Lyskovo District Administration.

2005 – 2006 – Chairman of the KUMI of the Lyskovsky district.

2006 – 2009 – Deputy Head of Administration of the Lyskovsky District.

2009 – 2010 – Deputy Head of Administration of the Lyskovsky District, Head of the Municipal Property Department,

land resources and urban development.

April 2010 – up to the present time Head of the Administration of the Moscow RegionLyskovo “

.