What equipment is necessary for artificial insemination in horse breeding. How are phantoms and stanchions designed for optimal use in equine reproduction. Why is proper equipment crucial for safe and effective horse breeding practices.
The Fundamentals of Artificial Insemination Equipment in Horse Breeding
Artificial insemination has revolutionized horse breeding practices, requiring specialized equipment to ensure safety and efficiency. Two essential pieces of equipment for farms using artificial insemination are the phantom and the insemination chute. These tools play crucial roles in the breeding process, facilitating semen collection and insemination procedures.
Phantom Design and Construction: Enhancing Stallion Comfort and Safety
The phantom, also known as a “collection dummy,” is a key component in artificial insemination. It eliminates the need for a live mare during semen collection, providing a safer and more controlled environment. But how exactly is a phantom designed?
- Dimensions: Typically 5-8 feet long and 4-5 feet in circumference
- Construction: 8-10 inch diameter metal core with pipe or heavy gauge sheet metal frames
- Padding: 8-12 inches of foam covered in nylon-reinforced vinyl or leather
- Height adjustment: Pipe legs with holes for pin insertion, allowing customization for different stallions
- Additional features: Simulated “mane” for stallion grip and stabilization
The design of phantoms has evolved to address common issues. For instance, some models now feature an increased circumference on the rear portion, allowing stallions to rest comfortably while maintaining a secure grip with their front legs. This innovation demonstrates the ongoing efforts to improve breeding equipment for both horse and handler safety.
The Importance of Proper Phantom Sizing
Why is the size of the phantom so critical? A phantom that’s too small in circumference can make it difficult for stallions to stabilize themselves when serving the artificial vagina (A.V.). Conversely, an overly large phantom may be challenging for some stallions to grasp with their front legs. Finding the right balance is essential for the stallion’s comfort and the success of the semen collection process.
Stanchions: Versatile Structures for Horse Management and Breeding
Stanchions serve multiple purposes in horse management, including breeding activities. These structures are used for teasing, washing, palpation, and examination of both stallions and mares. How are stanchions designed to ensure safety and functionality?
- Frame: Constructed from 3-4 inch pipe
- Dimensions: 5.5-6 feet long, 26-32 inches wide internally
- Height: 7-8 feet from top to ground
- Sides: Single or double rails, or solid metal/wood construction
- Doors: Rear door for palpation and insemination access
Safety is paramount in stanchion design. Sharp edges and projecting structures are avoided to minimize the risk of injury to horses and handlers. The versatility of stanchions makes them invaluable in breeding operations, providing a secure environment for various procedures.
Customizing Stanchions for Specific Breeding Needs
How can stanchions be adapted for different breeding scenarios? Some designs incorporate hinged or sliding windows in the sides, allowing access to specific areas of the horse’s body for examination. For farms working with foals, solid-sided stanchions at least 3 feet 6 inches in height can accommodate foals alongside mares, preventing escape attempts.
The Role of Artificial Vaginas in Stallion Semen Collection
While not explicitly mentioned in the original text, the artificial vagina (A.V.) is a crucial component in the semen collection process. How does an A.V. work in conjunction with a phantom?
An artificial vagina is designed to mimic the temperature and pressure of a mare’s reproductive tract. When the stallion mounts the phantom, the A.V. is carefully positioned to collect the semen. This method allows for hygienic and efficient semen collection, essential for artificial insemination programs.
Types of Artificial Vaginas
There are various types of artificial vaginas available, each with specific features:
- Missouri-model A.V.: Features an inner liner and outer jacket
- Colorado-model A.V.: Includes a water jacket for temperature control
- Japanese-style A.V.: Known for its compact design and ease of use
The choice of A.V. often depends on the stallion’s preferences and the specific breeding program requirements.
Insemination Chutes: Facilitating Safe and Effective Mare Insemination
Insemination chutes, while not detailed in the original text, are essential components of artificial insemination setups. How do these structures contribute to the breeding process?
Insemination chutes are designed to safely restrain mares during the insemination procedure. They typically feature:
- Padded sides to prevent injury
- Adjustable width to accommodate mares of different sizes
- A rear gate or bar system for easy access during insemination
- Front gates or breast bars to keep the mare properly positioned
These features ensure the safety of both the mare and the handler during the insemination process, increasing the chances of successful conception.
Hygiene and Maintenance of Breeding Equipment
Maintaining cleanliness in breeding equipment is crucial for the health of horses and the success of breeding programs. How should phantoms, stanchions, and other breeding equipment be cleaned and maintained?
Regular cleaning and disinfection are essential:
- Clean surfaces with water and appropriate disinfectants after each use
- Inspect equipment regularly for signs of wear or damage
- Replace covers and padding as needed to maintain hygiene and comfort
- Ensure all moving parts (e.g., height adjustment mechanisms) are functioning correctly
Proper maintenance not only extends the life of the equipment but also helps prevent the spread of disease and ensures optimal conditions for breeding procedures.
Innovations in Equine Breeding Technology
As horse breeding practices continue to evolve, new technologies are emerging to enhance the efficiency and success rates of artificial insemination. What are some recent innovations in equine breeding equipment?
- Advanced semen analysis systems for more accurate sperm evaluation
- Computerized phantom systems that can adjust to individual stallion preferences
- Improved semen extenders and cryopreservation techniques for long-term storage
- Ultrasound-guided insemination tools for more precise placement of semen
These technological advancements are helping breeders achieve higher success rates and improve the overall health and genetic diversity of horse populations.
The Future of Equine Breeding Equipment
What can we expect in the future of horse breeding equipment? As research in equine reproduction continues, we may see:
- Integration of artificial intelligence in breeding management systems
- Development of more ergonomic and adjustable phantoms and stanchions
- Advanced biosensor technologies for real-time monitoring of mare and stallion health
- Improved semen sexing techniques for gender selection in breeding programs
These potential developments could revolutionize horse breeding practices, leading to more efficient and successful breeding programs.
Training Stallions for Phantom Use
Successfully implementing artificial insemination techniques requires proper training of stallions to use phantoms. How is this training typically conducted?
Training a stallion to use a phantom is a gradual process that requires patience and consistency:
- Introduce the stallion to the phantom in a controlled environment
- Use positive reinforcement techniques to encourage mounting behavior
- Gradually introduce the artificial vagina during mounting sessions
- Ensure consistent positioning and routine to build the stallion’s confidence
- Maintain a calm and stress-free environment during training sessions
With proper training, most stallions can learn to use phantoms effectively, streamlining the semen collection process and reducing the risks associated with live cover breeding.
Addressing Common Challenges in Stallion Training
What are some common issues that arise during stallion training, and how can they be addressed?
- Reluctance to mount: Gradually increase exposure and use familiar scents or visual cues
- Overexcitement: Implement calming techniques and ensure a consistent routine
- Difficulty stabilizing on the phantom: Adjust phantom height or consider alternative designs
- Loss of interest: Vary collection schedules and maintain overall stallion health
Addressing these challenges requires a combination of patience, expertise, and sometimes creative problem-solving to ensure successful training outcomes.
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Equine Artificial Insemination
The use of artificial insemination in horse breeding is subject to various legal and ethical considerations. What are some key points that breeders should be aware of?
- Breed registry regulations: Some registries have specific rules regarding the use of AI
- Semen ownership and rights: Clear agreements are necessary for semen collection and use
- International transport regulations: Compliance with health and customs requirements for semen shipment
- Animal welfare concerns: Ensuring ethical treatment of stallions and mares in AI programs
Breeders must stay informed about these issues to ensure their breeding practices are both legal and ethically sound.
Navigating Breed Registry Requirements
How do breed registry requirements impact artificial insemination practices? Different breed registries have varying policies:
- Some registries fully embrace AI and allow registration of foals conceived through this method
- Others may restrict AI use or require additional documentation
- Certain registries may limit the number of foals that can be registered from a single stallion per year
Breeders must carefully review and comply with the specific rules of their chosen breed registry to ensure the eligibility of offspring for registration.
Breeding Shed Equipment – Horses
Farms Using Artificial Insemination
Most farms using artificial insemination will have at least two pieces of equipment: a phantom and insemination chute.
Phantom
The use of a mare phantom or “collection dummy” removes the need for a mare during semen collection. Once trained, stallions will serve the A.V. while mounted on the phantom. Phantoms are padded cylindrical tubes positioned above the ground with one or two pipe legs.
Phantom dimensions vary between farms; however, most are between 5 and 8 feet long and 4 to 5 feet in circumference. A commonly expressed disadvantage with the smaller circumference phantoms is that the stallions have difficulty stabilizing on the phantom when serving the A.V. Phantoms with diameters on the larger end of the range may be difficult for some stallions to grasp with the front legs.
One modification on the smaller cylindrical tube design has been to increase the circumference on the rear two feet of the cylinder. This design allows for the stallion’s front legs to grasp a small diameter cylinder while allowing his body to rest on the larger portion. Another modification involves a cutaway along the side or under the rear of the cylinder to allow for positioning of the A.V.
Phantom cylinder construction commonly uses an 8- to 10-inch diameter metal core constructed from pipe or heavy gauge sheet metal frames. The phantom is positioned above the ground on 3- to 4-inch pipe legs that are anchored securely in the ground. The legs need to be designed to allow for height adjustment on rear and front. Heights will vary depending on the stallion. The top of the front of the phantom is commonly raised about 5 feet from the ground. Rear heights typically are about a foot lower.
An added feature for height adjustment uses an upper pipe of small diameter designed to slide inside a lower pipe, which is anchored into the ground. To secure heights, aligned holes are drilled in each pipe every 6 inches to allow a metal pin to be inserted through both pipes. Use of a 1/2- to 1-inch set screw housed in the lower portion of the lower leg provides further stabilization of the phantom.
Metal cores and legs are covered with a minimum of 8 to 12 inches of foam padding and covered in nylon-reinforced vinyl or some other nonabrasive material, such as leather. The covering must be easily cleaned with water and disinfectant. Addition of a leather simulated “mane” positioned at the front third of the phantom allows the stallion to grip the “mane” with his teeth, further stabilizing himself while mounted.
Stanchions
Stanchions are used for many purposes on horse farms: washing, grooming, injury treatment, and breeding. Relative to the breeding activities, stantions are used for teasing, washing, palpation and examination of stallions and mares. Stanchion construction must consider the large potential for horse and handler injury in and around the stantion. Sharp edges and projecting structures should be avoided.
Stanchions used for mature horses typically are constructed from 3- to 4-inch pipe frames. Length dimensions are approximately 5 1/2 to 6 feet, and internal widths range from 26 to 32 inches. Height from top of stanchion to the ground should be 7 to 8 feet. Sides are constructed with one or more side rails. Sides may also be solid metal or wood. Single-railed side bar heights should be approximately 3 1/2 feet from the ground. Double-railed side bar heights should be approximately 3 and 4 feet from the ground.
Solid sides are also suitable. Sides can be hinged to swing out at the front or rear or have sliding or hinged windows to allow access to specific areas of the horse’s body for examination. Foal stanchions designed to house foals along side mares should have solid sides that are at least 3 feet 6 inches in height. Taller sides may better deter any attempts of the foal to jump out of the stanchion.
Rear door heights should allow for ease of palpation and insemination, but should be tall enough to deter mares from kicking above the top of the door. The preference for the amount of clearance beneath the door and actual door height varies between individual managers. The top of the door should reach 3 feet to 3 feet, 3 inches above the floor. Bottom door clearance of 1 to 6 inches should protect the examiner from being kicked.
A front gate placed to a top height of 3 feet, 6 inches can assist in containing unruly mares. However, a cotton chest rope is routinely used instead of a front door. The use of a rope allows for adjustment forward and backward, thus allowing the mare’s hindquarters to be positioned against the rear gate for palpation and insemination.
Stanchions used for palpation and insemination will need an accessible water source at the rear. Faucets and plumbing should be protected from horse traffic. Some stanchions are designed with plumbing along the top rail of the rear of the stanchion, with faucet placement on the side of the rear frame 6 to 7 feet above the floor.
Small brackets or shelves on the rear of the stanchions designed to house soaps, paper towels, and other supplies provide easy access for the examiner. These structures should be positioned away from horse traffic in and out of the stanchion.
Breeding Laboratory
Semen collection and evaluation equipment is housed in a breeding laboratory. Laboratories should provide a dust-free, clean environment and be conveniently located near the breeding shed. The laboratory will need a hot and cold water source in addition to housing space for microscopes, semen incubators, and collection and insemination equipment. Many farms find it useful to house on-farm medication supplies requiring refrigeration or controlled dispensing in the breeding laboratory. A useful design of a laboratory allows for observation into the breeding shed area by a window so the laboratory technician can coordinate with the horse handlers and semen collection and insemination personnel.
2021 BMS Motor Stallion 600 RX-EFI
2021 BMS Motor Stallion 600 RX-EFI
The BMS® Stallion 600 RX-EFI, Features 37HP 55 ft-lb of torque 594cc Engine EFI. Fully Automatic CVT Transmission with High and Low gears (H-L-N-R), On-Demand 2WD / 4WD.
A WHOLE NEW WAY TO RIDE
The BMS Stallion 600 RX-EFI Features a Powerful 37HP 594cc Engine with Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI), Combined Water and Oil Cooling System for better efficiency, also offers on-demand 2WD and 4WD modes with lock differential, Fully Automatic CVT transmission (L-H-N-R) with high and low gears.
CD PLAYER & 30W SPEAKERS
AM/FM Radio with CD player also plays MP3s and features auxiliary mini-jack input for iPods and MP3 players or phones plus an SD card reader and USB auxiliary port.
MULTI FUNCTION DIGITAL DISPLAY
Adjustable Clock settings, MPH/KMH, RPMs, Differential Lock Indicator, Odometer, and Trip Meter, Gear, Fuel Oil, and Engine Temperature indicator
HALOGEN HEADLIGHTS
The BMS® Stallion 600 RX Features halogen headlights providing brighter lights while using less energy and lasting significantly
DEFINE YOUR OWN ROAD
No matter what you do, and no matter where you go, wherever the trail takes you the BMS® Stallion 600 RX-EFI will get you there.
WORK SMARTER NOT HARDER
Best standard package perfect for outdoor camping or daily work around your farm or ranch.
Features may include:
- 594cc / 37 HP, EFI – Water and Oil Cooled Engine
- Fully Automatic CVT Belt-Driven W/ High-Low Gearing
- on-Demand 4×4 / 2×4 with lock-differential
- Front Electric Winches (each 2500 lbs Capacity)
- 4 Wheel Independent Suspension with Sway Bars
- Easy to Use Dump Bed (400 lbs Capacity)
- Windshield,Hard Rooftop,Bluetooth & Speakers Included
- 4 Fender Flares and 4 Swing Arm Rock Guards Included
- Front & Rear Hydraulic disc brakes
- Black Color Aluminum Alloy Wheels
- Heavy Duty Front Bumper & Rear Hitch Ball Included
CH-53E Super Stallion | Military.com
Manufacturer: Sikorsky
Services: USMC
Armament: 3x . 50 caliber machine guns
Speed: 172 mph
Range: 621 miles
Propulsion: 3x General Electric T64-GD-416 turboshaft
Crew: 4 (pilot, copilot, crew chief, and mechanic/gunner)
The CH-53E Super Stallion is the Marine Corps’ primary heavy lift helicopter and has been in service for over 30 years.
There are currently 152 CH-53E aircraft in operation. The Super Stallion incorporates GPS, doppler radar, FLIR, and ANVIS-HUD sensors, and carries 7.62mm and 50 caliber guns (as a mission kit). Communications include UHF/VHF/HF radios, secure comm. capability, and IFF. Currently out of production. Requirement exists to operate the CH-53E through 2025, necessitating a Service Life Extension Program.
The heavy-lift helicopter of the Marine Corps can carry a 26,000-pound Light Armored Vehicle, 16 tons of cargo 50 miles and back, or enough combat-loaded Marines to lead an assault or humanitarian operation. Though powerful enough to lift every aircraft in the Marine inventory except the KC-130, the CH-53E Super Stallion is compact enough to deploy on amphibious assault ships, and has the armament, speed and agility to qualify as much more than a heavy lifter.
Armed with window-mounted .50-caliber machine guns, chaff and flare dispensers for anti-air defense, an in-flight refueling probe for limitless range and a forward-looking infrared (FLIR) imager for night and all-weather navigation, the Marine CH-53E is commonly called on for assault transport of Marine ground forces. Though long-range insertion missions are standard protocol for this Marine workhorse, it is the rapid resupply of Marines at the forefront that makes the Super Stallion one of the most used aircraft in Marine Aviation.
The Navy requested a version of the CH-53E for the airborne mine countermeasures role, designated “MH-53E Sea Dragon”. It has enlarged sponsons to provide substantially greater fuel storage and endurance. It also retained the in-flight refueling probe, and could be fitted with up to seven 300 US gallon (1,136 liter) ferry tanks internally. The MH-53E digital flight-control system includes features specifically designed to help tow minesweeping gear.
The prototype MH-53E made its first flight on 23 December 1981. MH-53E was used by the Navy beginning in 1986. The MH-53E is capable of in-flight refueling and can be refueled at hover. The Navy obtained a total of 46 Sea Dragons and is converting the remaining RH-53Ds back to the transport role.
Profile for stallion equipment limited
Summary
STALLION EQUIPMENT LIMITED is a member of a network consisting of 15 other legal entities with 10 individuals involved. The company has been operating for 192 months while the average age of companies operating in this network is 158 months. Significant beneficial owners have been identified as RAEWYN COOK and DESMOND COOK owning %33.3 and %33.3 respectively. The three active directors have been involved with eight other companies which are no longer registered. This network is nationwide.
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Information within this profile has been produced on 2021-07-02 with data sourced from Oversight Solultions Ltd and Ministry of Business Innovation & Employment
Beneficial owners based on shareholding hierarchy
Source Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment NZBI API as of 03/06/2021
Top industry is Health Care and Social Assistance
Network mostly consists of NZ Limited Company
Multiple regions are represented.
New Zealand map by region
Origin of Surnames
Note: May not represent the nationality of the person and some surnames may have multiple origins.
Most companies have been operating between 9 and 12 years.
company | shareholder | share | type |
---|---|---|---|
STALLION EQUIPMENT LIMITED | RAEWYN COOK | 33. 3333 | I |
STALLION EQUIPMENT LIMITED | DESMOND COOK | 33.3333 | I |
STALLION EQUIPMENT LIMITED | MARK COOK | 33.3333 | I |
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---|---|---|---|
RAEWYN COOK | I | 0 | 1 |
DESMOND COOK | I | 1 | 1 |
MARK COOK | I | 2 | 1 |
STALLION EQUIPMENT LIMITED | E | 3 | 1 |
Common words in company names
- BAREFOOT 1
- BAY 1
- BEAUTY 1
- BEAVER 1
- CARE 1
- COMPANY 1
- CRUE 1
- ELLOUGHTON 1
- EQUIPMENT 1
- ESTATE 1
- FISHING 1
- GOLD 1
- GP 1
- GRANGE 1
- HORIZONS 1
- INFORME 1
- INTERNATIONAL 1
- IRRIGATION 1
- KFT 1
- KIWI 1
- LIFESTYLE 1
- MANAGEMENT 1
- NEW 1
- OCL 1
- PUMPS 1
- PURANGI 1
- RADIUS 1
- RESIDENTIAL 1
- SERVICES 1
- SHARP 1
- SHARPAC 1
- ST 1
- STALLION 1
- STORE 1
- TRUSTEE 1
- TUDHOPE 1
- VILLAGE 1
- WINDSOR 1
- WOODLAND 1
Persons of significance
- DUNCAN COOK
- MARK COOK
- JULIE COOK
- DESMOND COOK
- CHARMAINE COOK
Stallion Quick Ship Program – Rockford Systems, LLC
Are Extended Lead Times Creating Costly Production Delays?
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Rockford Systems Safety Train
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90,000 Heavy horse breeds 9,0001
Soviet heavy truck. In the second half of the XIX century. there was a need for a large transport horse for the transport of goods. In this regard, the peasants used to meet their horses with trotters, and later with Belgian heavy trucks – Brabancons. The color is red, bay, often roan. Live weight of queens 600 … 700 kg, stallions 800 … 900 kg.
Horses are early maturing: at the age of 2.5 … 3 years they are used at work, and from 3 years old – at reproduction.Breed record: stallion Force took out a load weighing 22,991 kg, developing a pulling force of 689. 7 kg, or 78.3% of his body weight.
With proper feeding and maintenance, horses of this breed are distinguished by longevity and reproductive abilities. Mares bear offspring up to 20 … 25 years of age. The breed is early maturing: the live weight of young animals at the age of 6 months is 360 … 375 kg; at 12 months – 525 … 540 kg. The crosses obtained from the crossing of local horses with Soviet heavy draft horses are characterized by larger sizes, developed muscles, and high vigor.
Russian. It was bred in the 19th century. by crossing local horses with the Ardennes. The color is red, bay, red-roan and bay-roan. Horses are good-natured and unpretentious in terms of feeding and keeping.
Live weight 550 … 600 kg. Fertility 80 … 95%. Mares are high-milk: 2500 … 2700 kg, the best – up to 3100 kg of milk per lactation. The stallion Kust showed a pulling force of 630.1 kg, or 85.5% of his body weight.
Vladimirskaya. Bred by crossing local horses with trotters, Ardens, Percherons and English draft horses – Clydesdals and Shires.
Horses of the Vladimir breed are characterized by large stature, strong constitution, harmonious constitution, elongated body. The head is long, often with a hump-nosed profile; long muscular neck; long withers; the chest is wide, deep; the back is elongated; the loin is wide, short; the croup is long, moderately deflated; the limbs are long, correctly set. The color is bay, less often black and red. Many horses have white markings on their heads and legs.
Live weight of stallions 750.800 kg, mares 620 … 680 kg. Vladimir heavy trucks are distinguished by their early maturity and efficiency. Breed record: the Legion stallion showed a pulling force of 635 kg, or 78.9% of its body weight.
Local horse breeds. Under the conditions of herd horse breeding, breeds have been created: Buryat, Bashkir, Trans-Baikal, Altai and others. Horses of these breeds are used as riding, pack, meat and milk and as draft horses.
Horses of local breeds are characterized by a rough constitution; massive skeleton; big head; long, wide and deep body; short limbs.They are well adapted to local conditions, hardy, unpretentious. In winter, they can use grazing lands on Tebenevka, and quickly get rich on summer pastures. They have good dairy and meat qualities.
90,000 Someone … a horse … in the GAS GAS!
Recently a north wind brought smoke from nearby forests to our city.
For the first time in my memory we were covered with such a smoky fog and there was such a strong smell of smoke that it was time to put on a gas mask.People locked themselves in their homes, tightly sealing the airtight windows, and the animals were left to live through the trouble on their own. I imagined the horses standing in the stable, snorting from the smoke, but since the situation was not so much dangerous as unpleasant, the most complete nonsense climbed into my head, like Morse in a gas mask.
Laughter laughter, and gas masks for horses really exist, and for a long time!
Even young children know that a gas mask is a means of protecting the respiratory organs.The first gas masks in Russia appeared in 1838-1841 in St. Petersburg. They were used for gilding the domes of St. Isaac’s Cathedral. However, the main goal of the invention of gas masks was, of course, protection against gas and chemical damage during the war.
Gas protection equipment began to be developed after the very first attacks with the use of gas weapons (France was the first to use gas weapons), but before the invention of gas masks, these means were very primitive, ranging from ordinary scarves soaked in some kind of neutralizing chemical and ending with “gas helmets” – but simply, bags on the head.According to the most rough estimates, over a million people were affected by gas attacks in the First World War, of which 85,000 died precisely due to gas poisoning.
For example, in Russia (approximately) 50,000 people died, in Germany – 10,000, in France and England – 8,000 each. If people died in such numbers, what can we say about animals, in particular about horses. But in wartime there was no time for humanity: animals participated in the war on an equal basis with people, albeit against their will.
Some carried out the delivery of food to the front, others – the supply of ammunition to soldiers to the places of battles.
Mentions of personal respiratory protection for horses have been known since the First World War. Such gas masks are associated with the names of the veterinarian Gontarev and the master of veterinary sciences Lavrinovich.
By the way, when inventing gas masks for horses, the following features of the horse’s body were taken into account:
1. A horse consumes a very significant amount of air while breathing (at rest 60 l / min. While trotting up to 450 l / min.), therefore it is necessary. so that the breathing resistance of the horse gas mask is low. This is achieved by increasing the filtering surface of the gas mask.
2. Poisonous fumes at normal field concentrations have no discernible effect on the horse, therefore. The horse gas mask may not have a smoke filter.
3. The horse’s eyes are not very sensitive to lacrimal agents, but they can be affected by other agents.
As a result, it is necessary to have separate goggles, since mounting goggles in the gas mask itself is fraught with great structural difficulties.
The horse gas mask of the veterinarian Gontarev looks like a sack, which is a trapezoid shape, which, in turn, is sewn from the outer and lining fabrics. It was also accompanied by instructions for use, which were introduced by the Minister of Defense.
one.
“War Horse” book farm-museum
Horses have always been a huge part of human history. The First World War was the last in which cavalry fought on a large scale.It was about these times that Michael Morpurgo wrote the book “War Horse”. This amazing story of friendship between a horse and a man was filmed in 2011 by director Steven Spielberg, and has also entered the repertoire of the British theater since 2007.
Joey
The role of the main character, Joey’s horse, was played by 14 horses of different breeds. Most of them were brought from England and Spain, but there were also horses from the USA, Hungary and other countries.
Thoroughbred Finder played Joey in some of the most challenging battle scenes.“There were two scenes that were the hardest for a horse. In one, Joey gets entangled in a barbed wire we made of plastic to keep the animals from hurting. In another, Joey saves Topthorn by pulling him by the reins. It was very important to extract the necessary emotions from the animals, but this is difficult to do with an ordinary horse. I was incredibly lucky with Finder. He somehow knows how to establish contact with the audience, ”- said the horse trainer Bobby Lovgren.
Topthorn
The second hero of the film, black Topthorn, was played by 4 horses.One of the most touching scenes went to a stallion named George. “George had to lie motionless, and Finder, who was playing Joey, had to come up to him. Both horses were well prepared for this scene. Stephen asked for complete silence on the set. Everyone was afraid to move so as not to frighten the horses. It was so touching that the whole group could not hold back the tears, ”recalls Barbara Carr.
Museum War Horse
The War Horse Farm in Devon, England, where Michael Morpurgo’s story began, is now a museum.Owners Graham and Rose Ward have collected many vintage photos to tell guests about the history of the cavalry during the First World War. The exhibition is located in an old stable, where you can see military and pre-war items collected by local residents.
The “War Horse” farm offers excursions for schoolchildren. Here children are told about the history of the country and introduced to rural animals.