How to get lax flow. The Ultimate Guide to Achieving Perfect Hockey Flow: Tips and Tricks for Luscious Locks

How to grow and maintain the iconic hockey flow hairstyle. What products and techniques work best for achieving luxurious hockey hair. Why is flow such an important part of hockey culture and player identity.

Table of Contents

What Exactly is Hockey Flow and Why is it So Popular?

Hockey flow, also known as “hockey hair” or simply “flow,” refers to the long, flowing hairstyle often sported by ice hockey players. This iconic look has become deeply ingrained in hockey culture over the decades, with players at all levels embracing the style both on and off the ice.

The popularity of hockey flow stems from several factors:

It looks great flowing out from under a helmet
It embodies a laid-back, carefree attitude
It’s a form of self-expression in a sport with strict uniform requirements
It connects players to hockey’s history and traditions
It’s become part of hockey player identity and swagger

From NHL stars to high school players, rocking an impressive flow has become almost as important as stick handling skills for many hockey enthusiasts. The hockey flow hairstyle typically features medium to long length hair that has a natural, tousled look with lots of movement and volume.

How to Grow Out Your Hair for the Perfect Hockey Flow

Growing out your hair to achieve an enviable hockey flow takes patience and dedication. Here are some key tips for cultivating luscious hockey locks:

Be prepared for an awkward growing-out phase that may last several months
Get regular trims every 6-8 weeks to keep hair healthy and avoid split ends
Use high-quality shampoo and conditioner to nourish growing hair
Consider taking biotin or other hair growth supplements
Protect hair from damage by limiting heat styling and harsh treatments
Be patient – it can take 6-12 months to achieve a full hockey flow

During the growing-out process, experiment with different styling products and techniques to control your hair as it gets longer. Hats, headbands, and strategic styling can help manage awkward lengths along the way.

Essential Products and Tools for Maintaining Hockey Flow

Once you’ve grown out your luxurious hockey mane, proper care and styling are key. Stock your grooming kit with these flow essentials:

High-quality shampoo and conditioner for your hair type
Leave-in conditioner to keep hair soft and manageable
Sea salt spray for adding texture and volume
Lightweight styling cream or mousse for definition
Wide-tooth comb for detangling
Microfiber towel to prevent frizz
Satin pillowcase to reduce friction while sleeping

Avoid heavy gels or waxes that can weigh hair down and interfere with natural movement. The goal is to enhance your hair’s natural texture and flow, not create an overly styled look.

Styling Techniques to Achieve the Perfect Hockey Flow

Mastering the art of styling your hockey flow takes practice. Here are some techniques to try:

The Classic Flow

1. Wash and condition hair
2. Towel dry gently
3. Apply leave-in conditioner and sea salt spray
4. Use fingers to tousle and shape hair
5. Allow to air dry for natural texture

The Slick-Back Flow

1. Start with damp hair
2. Apply styling cream from roots to ends
3. Use a wide-tooth comb to brush hair back
4. Allow to air dry or use a diffuser on low heat
5. Finish with light-hold hairspray if desired

The Messy Flow

1. Start with dry hair
2. Apply texturizing powder or dry shampoo at roots
3. Use fingers to rough up hair and create volume
4. Finish with sea salt spray for added texture

Experiment with different techniques to find what works best for your hair type and desired look. Remember, the key to great hockey flow is embracing your hair’s natural movement and texture.

Famous Hockey Players Known for Their Legendary Flow

Throughout hockey history, certain players have become as well-known for their impressive locks as for their on-ice skills. Some notable hockey hair icons include:

Jaromir Jagr – Known for his iconic mullet in the 1990s
Erik Karlsson – Sported long, flowing curls during his time with the Ottawa Senators
Ron Duguay – Rocked a wild mane of curls in the 1970s and 80s
Patrick Kane – Known for his flowing blonde locks
Brent Burns – Sports an impressive beard to complement his long hair
Henrik Lundqvist – Always impeccably styled both on and off the ice

These players and many others have helped solidify the importance of great hair in hockey culture. Their legendary flows continue to inspire new generations of players to embrace the hockey hair lifestyle.

How to Maintain Your Flow While Wearing a Helmet

One of the unique challenges of hockey flow is keeping it looking good while constantly putting on and removing a helmet. Here are some tips for maintaining your flow under your headgear:

Use a leave-in conditioner to keep hair moisturized and prevent tangles
Consider wearing a skull cap or do-rag under your helmet to reduce friction
Avoid wearing your helmet too tight, which can cause breakage
Gently finger-comb hair after removing your helmet to restore volume
Keep a small comb or brush in your gear bag for quick touch-ups
Use dry shampoo between washes to absorb excess oil and sweat

With proper care and attention, you can maintain your luscious flow even through intense practices and games. Just be prepared for some inevitable helmet hair moments!

The Cultural Significance of Hockey Flow in the Sport

Hockey flow is more than just a hairstyle – it’s a cultural phenomenon within the sport. But why has it become such an integral part of hockey identity? Let’s explore some reasons:

Expression of Individuality

In a sport where players are largely covered by uniforms and protective gear, hair becomes one of the few ways to express personal style on the ice. A player’s flow can become part of their signature look and personal brand.

Team Bonding

Growing out flow together can be a team bonding experience. Many teams have traditions around playoff beards or growing out their hair for the season, creating a sense of unity and shared purpose.

Connection to Hockey History

The flow hairstyle connects modern players to the sport’s history and traditions. It’s a way of paying homage to hockey greats of the past who sported iconic hairstyles.

Symbol of Toughness

Long, flowing hair can be seen as a symbol of ruggedness and toughness – qualities highly valued in hockey culture. It takes confidence to rock an bold hairstyle on the ice.

Fan Engagement

Hockey flow has become a source of entertainment for fans, with events like the Minnesota State High School All Hockey Hair Team video gaining widespread popularity. It adds an element of fun and personality to the sport.

Understanding the cultural significance of hockey flow helps explain why players at all levels continue to embrace this iconic look. It’s not just about style – it’s about being part of a long-standing hockey tradition.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Growing and Maintaining Hockey Flow

While growing and styling hockey flow may seem straightforward, there are several common pitfalls to watch out for:

Overusing heat styling tools, which can damage hair and reduce natural texture
Washing hair too frequently, stripping it of natural oils
Using heavy styling products that weigh hair down and reduce movement
Neglecting regular trims, leading to split ends and unhealthy-looking hair
Failing to protect hair during physical activity, causing breakage and tangles
Not adapting care routine to changing seasons or environmental conditions

By avoiding these common mistakes, you’ll be well on your way to achieving and maintaining the perfect hockey flow. Remember, the key is to work with your hair’s natural texture and movement, not against it.

Growing and maintaining hockey flow requires dedication, but the results can be well worth the effort. Whether you’re a seasoned player or just a fan of the style, embracing the flow can be a fun way to connect with hockey culture and express your personal style. With the right techniques and products, anyone can achieve enviable hockey hair that looks great both on and off the ice.

How to Wear the Flow Haircut

The movement and flow trend you seen in the latest haircuts for men is now just called flow or the flow haircut. This fluid style started as the hockey haircut and got an update. Now it’s bro flow.

This cool look is all about medium length or longer hair that flows back. It’s not just for bros but also a cool look for baseball players, surfers, skaters, hipsters, and even preppy bros. It’s easy to style. Get the right cut, work in a touch of product, and go.

This on trend style works for straight as well as curly or medium hair. Natural texture adds to the look but is not required. You can get a textured haircut, enhance texture with a hair clay or wax, or embrace the straight flow. For medium and longer hair, especially that is wavy or curly, try a hair cream to style your flow.

Most flow haircuts for men are medium length, about 3″ long. They can also be shorter, longer, or both (long top, short sides). The key to the flow hairstyle is the appearance of movement. Here are 17 different ways to get in the flow.

1. The Flow Haircut

Parted Hair

The hair in the flow hairstyle looks like it’s on the go.

2. Flow and Comb Haircut

Al’s Barber Shop

One cool way to style the flow haircut is back with a comb. This is a wind swept look that gets even better as you run fingers through hair. Use a pomade with a flexible finish to balance looseness and control.

3. Men’s Flow Haircut

Seu Elias

Instead of hockey hair that flows out the back of a helmet, this look features wavy flow on top of the head.

4. The Flow Haircut for Straight Hair

Arielle Cuyuga

This medium length look is cut and styled to enhance the texture of stick straight hair. It has plenty of flow without any waves.

5. What is a flow haircut?

Tommy Ransom

The flow is all about the sense of or actual movement in hair. Get it by wearing hair longer on top, at the neckline, or both.

6.

How to Get a Flow Haircut

Andy Judd

Like any longer hair, the flow takes more than just growing hair out. Regular cuts are required for an attractive shape, healthy hair, and to bring out that flowing movement.

7. Baseball Flow Haircut

Koby!

Show off that flow under your baseball cap by growing it long at the back. If you don’t want to call it a mullet, just tell everyone you’ve got flow.

8. Bro Flow Haircut

Martial Vivot

Bro culture is hard to pin down but some say it is the intersection of jockishness, dudeliness, preppiness, and stoner-ishness. Sounds about right and there’s some of each in this hair.

9. Flow Hawk Haircut

Trevor Moots

If you have more than a faux hawk, this flow hawk is for you. It has that signature texture and movement plus a temp fade for that mohawk shape.

10. Hockey Flow Haircut

Cameron Tooyserkani

The business is short and straight, the party is long and curly, the look is totally awesome.

11. Medium Length Natural Flow Haircut

Parted Hair

The state of flow is easy to achieve with naturally textured hair.

12. Short Flow Haircut

Tommy Ransom

Hair doesn’t have to be medium length to flow. This cut enhances wavy texture to get movement all over.

13. Side Flow Haircut

Ryan Cullen

Push that flow over to the side for a different look.

14. Flow on Top, Short Sides Hairstyle

Iisakki Nummi

The long top, short sides haircuts is popular because it can be styled into any trend from texture to flow.

15. Long Flow Haircut

Roddy Colón

More hair means more flow. Try one of these hair products to keep hair frizz free.

16. Cool Flow Hairstyle

Zach Ramsey

Another way to style the flow haircut is up instead of back or to the side.

17. Flow Haircut with Beard

ΙΙΙ ≡ ≡◃ ▵ ▿

The flow hairstyle absolutely pairs well with a beard. The look balances a full beard and long hair.

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How to Grow the Perfect Hockey Hair (aka Flow)

For a sport where you are almost always required to wear a helmet, a hockey player’s hair is very important. Having a luscious set of locks is something that is deeply rooted in the history of the game.

There are new age beauties who used to rock the flow such as Erik Karlsson and Kris Letang.

There were the legendary mullets of the 80s and 90s like the one famously worn by Jaromir Jagr.

And there were even the old guys who could never give up the lifestyle such as Al Iafrate who rocked the infamous skullet.

Heck, there is even a guy who makes a video every year that rates the best flow in the Minnesota State High School Hockey tourney!

ESPN E60 did a feature segment on the hockey hair phenomenon called Minneflowta.

But one thing that all of these legends have in common is that they took the time and proper steps in order to achieve the amazing hair that everyone is looking for. Lucky for you, the Hockey Player’s Club is here to help! If you follow these steps you’ll have the lettuce flowing out the back of your bucket that will make everyone you play with or against jealous.

1. Pre-Flow

Long flowing hair is not something that happens overnight. It is a lengthy commitment that will require dedication. Phase 1 is committing to the process. Take a picture of your favorite hockey player’s hair to the barbershop with you. Tell them this is what you are going for and ask them to give you a “shaping cut” that will start you in the right spot. Here is my personal recommendation.

2. The Starting Gate

This phase will take a while. Many people, unfortunately, refer to this as the “awkward stage”. It is where many dreams of hair spewing from the sides and back of your helmet go to die.

It is the period from shaping cut to girls asking how you got your hair so good. It will take AT LEAST 4 months for your hair to come in where you want, so you better be patient. Keep thinking about your crazy salad blowing in the wind behind you as your name is called during pregame intros.

Instead of getting discouraged take this time to train your hair. Every morning wet your hair down really well and pull it back under a hat. Your hair won’t want to go back naturally but unless you teach it you’ll end up looking more like Justin Bieber than Patrick Kane. After a couple of weeks, your hair will start going back naturally but you’ll still need the hats to hide what your hair has become.

3. Half Way Point

Now you are starting to have strands of hair poke out behind your ears and in the back of your helmet. You may have people throwing chirps your way but just brush it off because you know what greatness is to come.

This is a good start but it is actually time for another shaping cut. Go into the barber and ask them to clean it up a little behind the ears and in the back. But be sure to express that you do not want a lot to be taken off and that you don’t want the top or front to be touched at all! You are only cutting these parts to allow the front and top to catch up to them. Also, ask the person cutting your hair if they have any tips on products you could use to help shape your hair for the days when you won’t need to tame your salad with a hat.

Plus, this is the time to stop shampooing your hair every day. It may sound gross but it is actually healthier and will make sure your salad looks sick and not like straw. Keep strong with the hats and don’t let your confidence go. Your lettuce might not be unreal yet but you are very, very close.

4. Hockey Hair

You have now reached the promised land!

After months of love, care, hard work, combing, hats, conditioner, and awkward looks you have finally achieved the amazing hockey hair you dreamed about before the season. Best of all, if you started on time your hair should be peaking right around playoff time when the barn gets most packed. You are now part of a very exclusive club of those who were strong enough to battle through the awkward stage and come out stronger on the other side.

Life is a lot easier now. You can go out and not feel naked and weird without a hat. Girls will come up out of nowhere and just stare at your luscious locks. Bald guys will envy you and other hockey players will want to be you. You can not completely neglect your hair now, however. Make sure it stays in control. Keep it trimmed and looking right. You are a beauty, not a cave man…(cough, cough, Brent Burns).

Take a picture whenever you can and make sure to get a photographer to your games from now on. Also, pop the bucket off whenever you get a chance whether it’s in warmies, after a goal, for a fight, in the penalty box…you get the idea. Show off that salad as much as possible! So now we can say congrats rookie you have put in the effort and have now made it to the big time. Flow on!

———————

Looking to improve your game and score more goals? Check out the video Schwartz and Rubeo made about improving your catch-and-release shooting:

And don’t forget to check out our:

Hockey Players Club Podcast

Shooting in Your Stride To Score More Goals Like Phil Kessel [VIDEO]

Ultimate Hockey Stick Buying Guide

VIDEO: 5 Drills to Improve Your Snapshot

Why Are Hockey Sticks So Expensive?! Full Explanation Here.

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5 Steps to Great Hockey Hair – GONGSHOW USA

So your a hockey boy eh? You may have noticed over the years, that every hockey player at some point in his career, must follow a right of passage to stay in favor with the hockey Gods. Yes, the sacred hockey hair – a timeless event which usually occurs in one’s career during his Junior Hockey days, and usually once more if the superior athlete continues playing after Junior in College or Pro Leagues. Here is the www.GongshowGear.com Top 5 Tips on growing hockey salad that even your hairdresser will be jealous of….

1. Circle the Calender – Hockey Hair takes time to flourish, and can not be rushed. Take your calender out on your phone or agenda and circle the date when the ideal time for you would be to be doing laps in warmy with ReDONKulous salad blowing in the wind behind your neck. Imagine hair flowing out your ear flaps as if you were a straw scare crow in a farmer’s field– with a helmet jammed on your head made of straw. Inspired already? Circle the date (ideally around playoffs you want your hair to be performing at the top of its game). Now here is the key – most people underestimate how long flow takes to develop. You need AT LEAST 6 MONTHS for your hair to hit its stride – don’t cut this short, or you could be left in the dreaded “Land of in between Flow Stage” (see later point). Now, you have a timeline and you’re ready to start growing the hair that will make you play better on the ice, and wheel more off of it – time for the next step!

2. Starter Flow – Go to the hairdressers for a “Starter Flow Cut”. Bring a picture in of some sweet flow on your phone of a NHL player if needed, as sometimes hairdressers can be plugs and just don’t get what you want – you certainly don’t want her thinking your striving for the 1990′s Jaromir Jagr mullet which was as ballsy as it gets. Explain to her, you would like free flowing hair in the back and sides, and you just need her to clean up the sides for you so the growth can begin. Mention to her you won’t be seeing her for a while, and that in a few months you will be back (see later point)

3. The Dark Ages – Anyone that has pulled off masterful hockey salad will be the first to tell you that its not all throwing hammers (looking unreal) while sweat whips off your flow during a scrap at center ice – there is a down time, a time so dark and scary that most hockey players fold up like a cheap lawn chair at your buddies college house – THIS IS KEY – You must fight through this dark stage – the juice is worth the squeeze -trust those that have pulled off such flow greatness before you. Battle through these months, which involve finding a great hockey lid (see Gongshow), patience like a Monk, and an ability to take a few chirps from the fellas…..

4. A New Birth – Like a moth transforming into a butterfly, your wonderful and silky flow begins to emerge. Slowly, a few curls develop behind your bucket, and you notice a couple strands of hair poking out your ear holes like a few pieces of wheat grass yearning for water – you are almost there. At night, you condition your hair so that it gets i’ts nutrients to keep growing ( this is key). At this point you may need a slight maintenance trim on the sides of your hair – do NOT let her/him take too much off, just trim the sides so you don’t look disgusting. Compliments will flow in now, and your on ice performance begins to improve. Passes get more solid, your shot is more accurate – and you feel as though you could stand your own at centre ice with the other team’s heavy. Most of all, with your own teammates, as well as the opposing players on the ice – you notice a certain level of respect developing towards you – your flow is bringing you this respect. Its happening, almost there….

5. FLOW – You did it! Your now a certified Flowtician. 6 months of tender loving care, you battled through the dark stages and you finally made it – you now have joined other great hockey beauties in a timeless ritual passed on from hockey players to hockey player through the generations. Enjoy these times, take lots of pics on and off the ice, and remember to always respect the flow – don’t ever take it for granted and don’t let it get out of control. Flow must not be left to grow like weeds, it takes nurturing and most of all – know when to call it quits. Like any great hockey player, when you can’t grow the salad on top anymore as you get older, don’t steep to the low of pulling the SKULLET ( which is a bald guy on top and hockey hair in back, only revealed when his bucket comes off in a fight – google Al Iafrate from the 94 All star Game for 1 reason not to ever grow the Skullet). Enjoy your salad! Look Good, Feel Good, Wheel Good!

Amazon.com: Flow Society Boys’ Lax Monkey Boys Athletic Shorts

FLOW SOCIETY SPORTS SHORTS FOR BOYS

These shorts are a creative and edgy alternative to all of the basic boring black shorts out in the world. Make a statement and stand out! Channeling the flow that true athletes understand. Defining the flow that powers athletes everywhere. Take your look to the next level with vibrant colors and the classic hockey emblem pattern for the ultimate fresh look.

FEATURES

Machine Wash

100% Polyester

Breathable Mesh Fabric

Lacrosse Emblems

Dope Colors: Bright Orange, Vibrant Blue

Easily Adjustable Elastic Waistband and Closure

Accessible Storage: Two Side Pockets

OUR MISSION

Flow Society makes apparel for those who train and perform at a higher level, far above the status quo. Our elevated design approach reflects your passion to excel, sending you into battle with the confidence to define your own victory. Flow Society was born in lacrosse, a sport that defines extreme athleticism, swagger and style. Now we bring that spirit to the boldest competitors, the ones who relentlessly elevate their game. This is Flow Society.

SHARE YOUR STORY

These Flow Society boys hockey shorts call for ultimate swag! Sport our other unique basketball shorts on the field, at home, or on adventure! Flow Society features sick designs for must-have authentic apparel. From sport to street, rock our lacrosse shorts for ultimate fresh style. Take your look to the next level with vibrant colors and patterns. These sshorts are absolutely essential! Bring our soccer shorts on each adventure and capture your best moments just chillin’ or on-the-go. Flow Society shorts are premium quality and deliver fantastic style. Snap a shot and make sure to share your experience on social media! Check out our hashtag is #flowsociety on Istagram! Share your posts and tag us in the comments!

Long Hair on Guys: How to Let It Flow

By Gabi Meyers | Last Updated: Sep 30 2021

My mom claims to have married my father for his full, luscious long hair (that’s him leading the pack on his college track team!).

My brother was lucky enough to inherit the same head of hair, and I’m constantly imploring him to grow it long like our dad’s back in the day.

At a primal, subconscious level, “good” hair is a sign of good genetic material; you’ll be able to survive a long, cold winter with a warm mop up top. And even today, when winter jackets y’know, exist, both men and women alike often remark on a potential mate’s hair when describing them to friends.

Of course, not everyone has the option to go long. If your hair is thinning or balding, check out the SG guide to shaving your head! Different (razor blade) strokes for different folks!

When to grow your hair out

If you’re looking to make a hairstyle statement, a longer ‘do might just be the way. Because there’s no better way to show off those thick, luscious locks than by growing your hair out into a longer style.

A good time to try long hair is when you’re still in school.

Consider it: You don’t really have any rules about your appearance. You don’t have to conform to your parents’ rules, a school dress code, or your small town that ~~banned rock music and dancing~~ only has one barber that knows how to cut a single hairstyle for men: short.

Long hair on guys in college just feels like a natural rite of passage.

After all, college is the time for experimentation. You’re in a new place with new people who don’t know that the new you is any different than the old you.

Actually, do you even really have an “old you” yet, at this point?

The point is: You’re accumulating new life experiences at an insane speed. You can’t possibly know who you are and who you’re going to be, and you can’t really know that until you’ve exposed yourself to every possible variation of you.

For example, I was Student Hall Residence Association Me (short bob) for freshman year. Then, Study Abroad in Athens Me (blonde hair) sophomore year. “Involved in Campus Activities Me (Skrillex hair) junior year. Sushi delivery girl (AND OG INTERN for SG!) Me (bangs!) senior year.

That’s a lot of Me’s. Guys should have as many ways to express their changing self as women do with their appearance.

Past your co-ed days?

It’s all good!

Long hair on guys can look good at all ages!

Seriously, not since the 60s has long hair had such a men’s renaissance (mensaissance?). Think of all the long-locked celebrities women are totally crushing on these days.

Plus, if you’re at home and social distancing from your barber, growing out your hair might not be a choice so much as a circumstance you find yourself in.

Might as well embrace it!

Below, check out tips for growing out long hair on guys:

1) Be intentional with length

How long is long enough? How long is too long? The rule is pretty much the same for men and women: you want to look like your hair is that long on purpose…not because you can’t find a pair of scissors.

Aiming for shoulder-length long hair on guys is probably a good bet.

Any longer, and it will start to look straggly from dead ends. Trust – I have had long hair for most of my life. Once it gets past your shoulders, you’ll probably be throwing it up in a ponytail (or a man bun, which is controversial but I love) a lot of the time.

Personally, I always take that as a sign that it’s time for a trim.

2) You still have to “do” your hair.

Free flowing locks are good, but left to their own devices things can get weird.

Ideally, you’ve been styling your hair all along, so hopefully this is a non-issue. But! A little guidance:

With long hair, you want to achieve some level of #Iwokeuplikethis without looking like you hit snooze on that alarm in the 90’s. Grooming cream is great for light hold and a little shine. Try dry shampoo for texture, lift, and faux cleanliness.

One thing: Don’t middle part long hair on guys.

You will look like a long-lost Hanson brother, which I don’t think is the vibe you’re going for.

Instead, casually rake your fingers through your hair and let your locks fall to one side.

As for washing, 2-3 times a week is optimal unless you’re sweating in it everyday. You should absolutely be using conditioner every time you shower, and by that I mean a separate conditioner, not a 2-in-1.

Sorry not sorry! With more hair comes more responsibility!

3) Let it Flow

via CNBC

Ultimately, what you’re going for with long hair on guys is flow, that palpable “chill” coolness that guys with well-groomed long hair radiate. Jason Momoa’s got it in spades. See if you can channel his laid-back energy as you grow your hair long.

***

If you’ve been considering a longer ‘do, there’s a few simple rules to follow as you make the hairstyle transition.

Things to remember when growing out your hair:

Have a hair reference

As dumb as you may feel doing it, bring a picture with you to the barbershop or hair salon of a celeb whose haircut you like.

A good hairstylist will be able to tell you how you’ll look with that kind of cut.

Face shape matters

One hairstyle does not fit all. Different face shapes work best with different styles. The most common face shapes, and the lengths and styles best suited to them are as follows:

Square. A face that’s as wide as it is long. Think Arnold Schwarzenegger. To round off the squareness at the top of the head, follow a ratio of an inch on the sides, for every two to two-and-a-half inches on top. Think faux-hawk, not flattop.
Oval. Congrats, with your symmetric face, boasting a jaw and forehead that are roughly equal in width, you can get away with most hairstyles. Try a pompadour that squares off, leveling the sides with the top (like Andrew Garfield).
Round. Elongate a round face with more height at the crown of your head. A blocky shape up top will help to offset a baby face. An off-center part will also break up the roundness of your face.

Consider facial hair

Facial hair should be used like a garnish, complementing – but not distracting from – your style.

A friend of mine totally rocks the Biebs’ sideswept haircut, but he tempers the look with a bushy beard that’s more “professor of Comparative Literature at a small liberal arts college” than pop star.

And finally…

Push through the pain

If your hair is short right now, you’ll have to endure an inevitable awkward phase before it reaches the length you want. You may even need a few haircuts along the way to keep everything shaped up. It’s all part of the process.

Just remember, pain is beauty.

Want more men’s grooming advice? Team SG has you covered with the best hair dryers for men and the expert skincare routine of a men’s grooming editor.

LAX Official Site |Airport conditions, tarmac delays, flight delays & weather information

TARMAC DELAY CONTINGENCY PLAN

Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) has prepared this Emergency Contingency Plan pursuant to §42301 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012. Questions regarding this plan can be directed to Viji Prasad at [email protected]. LAX is filing this plan with the Department of Transportation because (1) it is a commercial airport or (2) this airport may be used by an air carrier described in USC 42301(a)(1) for diversions.

This plan describes how, following excessive tarmac delays and to the extent practicable, LAX will:

Provide for the deplanement of passengers;
Provide for the sharing of facilities and make gates available at the airport; and
Provide a sterile area following excessive tarmac delays for passengers who have not yet cleared United States Customs & Border Protection (CBP).

LAX has some facility constraints that limit our ability to accommodate diverted flights and strongly encourages aircraft operators to contact the Airport Response Coordination Center (ARCC) at 424-646-5292 for prior coordination of diverted flights, except in the case of a declared in-flight emergency. Specific facility constraints include the following: 1) limited contact gate access, and 2) limited international arrival passenger staging prior to clearing Customs and Boarder Protection (CBP) inspections. Depending on the timing of diversion events LAX will be able to issue various NOTAMs regarding its ability to accommodate diverted flights to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the airport and its ability to serve the civil aviation needs of the public during irregular operations events.

AIRPORT INFORMATION

Name of Airport: Los Angeles International Airport (LAX)
Name and title of person preparing the plan: Viji Prasad, Director of LAX Terminal Operations
Preparer contact e-mail: [email protected]
Date of submission of plan: January 27, 2017
Airport Category: Large Hub

CONTACT INFORMATION

In the event of diversion or other irregular operations events, aircraft operators should contact the ARCC Duty Manager at 424-646-5292 or [email protected] for assistance.

PLAN TO PROVIDE FOR THE DEPLANEMENT OF PASSENGERS FOLLOWING EXCESSIVE TARMAC DELAYS

LAX has limited equipment and personnel needed to safely deplane passengers from air carrier aircraft. We will utilize this equipment to deplane passengers as soon as practicable after receiving requests from such airlines at the contact number listed above. We will also provide a list of airlines, ground handlers, fixed base operators, and others who may have the necessary equipment and personnel to safely deplane passengers to airlines as soon as practicable after receiving requests from such airlines experiencing excessive tarmac delays at the contact number listed above.

PLAN TO PROVIDE FOR THE SHARING OF FACILITIES AND MAKE GATES AVAILABLE IN AN EMERGENCY

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90,000 Doctors explained why complications develop with mild covid

Not only the severe course of coronavirus infection leads to damage to internal organs, British scientists have found. Even with a mild form of COVID-19, a number of patients develop problems with the heart, pancreas, kidneys and liver – and they do not know about this immediately, the symptoms of pathologies appear several weeks after the end of the disease. The doctors told Gazeta.Ru what the occurrence of such complications depends on and how the risks can be minimized.

A mild form of coronavirus can also lead to serious consequences for the body. This is the conclusion reached by the British researchers of the Coverscan group.

They analyzed over 200 patients who had a mild course of COVID-19, and found that almost 70% of them had one or more organ damage. In particular, we are talking about the lungs, heart and pancreas. Also, the virus often affected the kidneys, liver and spleen.

At the same time, the symptoms in such patients persisted for a long time.And in most cases, they appeared only a few weeks after infection. In addition, the subjects complained of shortness of breath, muscle cramps, and headaches.

As general practitioner, endocrinologist Anastasia Tarasko explained to Gazeta.Ru, this happens because SARS-CoV-2 “travels” through the body, and is not stored only in the respiratory tract and intestines, through which it enters the body.

“When a virus enters the body, it settles in the cells and begins to multiply actively, which causes the cells to die.And if the amount of the virus is large and the immune system could not immediately cope with it, then the virus enters the bloodstream and spreads to all organs, and already in these organs, even including the brain, the same reproduction process takes place, ”the expert said.

If the immune system is healthy, it begins to devote all its resources to destroying the virus, and SARS-CoV-2 does not have time to greatly harm the body. “Immunity copes with the virus, so the course is called” light “, nevertheless, it still takes time for already damaged organs and tissues to be rehabilitated,” Tarasco said.

According to her, internal organs need an average of four to eight weeks to recover. “The term is rather big. That is why patients begin to feel unwell when the disease, it would seem, has already passed. In medicine, this is called convalescence – when the main symptoms go away, but some complications continue to bother you, ”the doctor explained.

The specialist is sure: complications in a mild form of coronavirus are due to the peculiarity of the body. “Most often, these patients are deficient in vitamins and micronutrients, such as vitamin D and magnesium.The problem could have been before the disease, but during COVID-19 it worsened, ”Tarasco clarified, adding that in case of malaise after an illness, you need to consult a doctor and conduct a full examination of the body.

Meanwhile, pulmonologist Marina Kazakova told Gazeta.Ru that often organ damage during mild covid course is associated with an inadequate response of the immune system.

“This is called immune-mediated lesion. According to the mechanism of development, they just begin a few weeks after the onset of the disease.And this is typical not only for coronavirus, but also for a number of other infections. For example, streptococcal sore throat seems to develop, ”the doctor said.

She explained that such lesions are due to an autoimmune inflammatory process that begins to develop in various target organs of the virus.

At the same time, the therapist of the Semeynaya network of clinics, Alexander Lavrishchev, believes that complications with a mild course of COVID-19 are “another horror story.” “Yes, there really is such a study, but its main task is to assess the relationship between the type of treatment (inpatient or outpatient) and the consequences of the disease,” the physician said in an interview with Gazeta.Ru “.

In those patients with a mild form of coronavirus infection who were treated at home, deviations in the work of one or two organs, as well as in the functioning of the cardiovascular system, are indeed more often observed, the doctor confirmed.

“Nevertheless, this may be due precisely to the fact that the person sat in a confined space, smoked, ate solid carbohydrates, did not move and did not go to the doctors, did not receive proper treatment, and this is what led to complications. After all, after therapy in clinics, this almost never happens, ”Lavrishchev suggested.

In this regard, he recommended that everyone who is being treated for coronavirus at home to quit smoking, eat right and at least move a little.

90,000 Medicines just in case: how people infected with COVID-19 are treated at home

A patient with a weak course of coronavirus COVID-19 can be cured of infection in a week, the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor told Gazeta.Ru. A quick recovery is also possible at home. At the same time, the department emphasizes that patients need to take all prescribed drugs, communicate with household members only in a mask, and also handle household items.Gazeta.Ru – about the day of a person being treated for coronavirus at home.

In the case of a weak course of the coronavirus COVID-19, a patient undergoing treatment at home can recover in a week, Vadim Pokrovsky, head of the Federal Scientific and Methodological Center for AIDS Prevention and Control of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, told Gazeta.Ru.

“We think that the recovery time in the case of a mild course of the coronavirus is in the region of a week. But even if a person feels better, his release from quarantine will take place only when negative results for coronavirus are obtained, ”the expert emphasized.

The epidemiologist explained that the most important sign of a mild course of the disease is the absence of a high temperature – if this condition is met, the infected person is not hospitalized. “Also, overall health should be relatively satisfactory.

In this case, the doctor who came to the patient prescribes drugs from the list of the Ministry of Health. But, in principle, the effectiveness of any of the prescribed funds has not been proven. They are discharged, as they say, just in case “,

– Pokrovsky told.

Now in the guidelines of the Ministry of Health on combating COVID-19, there are drugs such as chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir + ritonavir, azithromycin, mefloquine, as well as interferon preparations – some of them are used to treat malaria and other protozoal infections.

In addition to medications, the doctor issues recommendations to the infected about what kind of lifestyle he needs to lead in home quarantine, said the deputy head of the FBSI Central Research Institute of Epidemiology. “The simplest recommendation is to drink more liquids.Certainly not alcoholic. This is necessary in order for the natural process of flushing out all toxins from the body. In my opinion, this recommendation is the most proven and reliable, ”the specialist emphasized in a conversation with Gazeta.Ru.

In addition, a patient treated at home should communicate with relatives exclusively in a mask, as well as use individual household items, not forgetting to rinse them thoroughly. “If possible, it is necessary not only to rinse, but also to disinfect.Boiling, using soap is very important.

And it is advisable to ventilate the room as often as possible. Of course, it’s too late for loved ones to keep their distance from an infected relative. It is believed that the coronavirus is most infectious shortly before the onset of clinical manifestations and in the early days. Therefore, relatives should also be in isolation for two weeks, ”Pokrovsky concluded.

Anna, a 29-year-old resident of the Beskudnikovo metropolitan area, who allegedly contracted the infection in February in Germany, was left at home even after, in addition to a mild fever and cough, she developed one of the rarest symptoms of COVID-19.

“I was frightened only when I began to notice blood along with phlegm. I called an ambulance. They immediately took an analysis from me and advised me not to leave the house until the results were obtained. They came quickly enough, ”the girl told the Moskva 24 TV channel.

After the coronavirus was confirmed, doctors again came to her in chemical protection suits, however, according to the Muscovite, they did not prescribe drugs from the recommendations of the Ministry of Health, but the usual drugs used in the treatment of ARVI.“I was surprised because they prescribed the most common drugs like Ingavirin and gargling with Miramistin. They also advised to drink breast preparations, preferably more often, “- said Anna.

She added that for a long time she did not tell her parents living separately that she was infected, assuring them that she could not come to visit because she was sick with ARVI.

At the same time, doctors often visit the girl. “Every few days a special person comes to disinfect the entrance and my apartment,” she said.

Other residents of the capital – Tina and Igor – were left at home, because they themselves asked for it. The couple simultaneously began to develop symptoms of SARS: fever, runny nose, cough, congestion in the ears and heaviness in the chest.

At one point, they decided to call an ambulance – paramedics took tests to check for coronavirus. After 10 days, the diagnosis was confirmed. “We stayed at home of our own free will, as the temperature was low. The doctors prescribed pills and prescribed antiviral drugs, ”Tina said.

The sick also asked the doctors to check the girl’s parents, because they had recently been in contact with them. According to the couple, during the two weeks of the course of the disease, about five different doctors came to them.

90,000 Very long covid. Four versions of the origin of post-coronavirus syndrome (PCS) and its most dangerous consequences

Nikolay Voronin
Science Correspondent

May 31, 2021

Photo author, Getty Images

A few months after the official recovery from Covid -19 million people around the world are still unable to return to normal life.Some people do not have shortness of breath, increased fatigue, lack of smells and tastes. Others who have disappeared have had coronavirus symptoms suddenly reappearing after a few weeks – and sometimes new ones are added to them. In still others, covid even turns into a serious chronic disease, affecting almost any organs.

Scientists and doctors of different specialties are jointly trying to understand how and why in 10-15% of infected people the coronavirus develops into a “long covid” (doctors call it PCS – “post-covid syndrome”) – a disease that does not yet have a formal definition. no established name.In the United States, there are already calls to equate it with disability.

The BBC Russian Service tells which versions seem most plausible to scientists today, and tries to answer the question of what awaits patients, some of whom have not been able to recover for more than a year.

“This is a disaster”

Muscovite Polina T. fell ill with Covid-19 last fall. In September, when the first mild symptoms appeared, she mistook them for a common cold and decided to lie down for a couple of days – but just in case she ordered a coronavirus test – and he tested positive.

Polina’s sense of smell disappeared the next day, after the diagnosis was made, when in the morning she “went to smell the mustard and did not feel it.” But in general, according to her, “the disease proceeded very calmly – without high temperatures and any complications: I was just very weak, and my temperature was kept at about 37.2”.

The temperature did not subside for more than three weeks. During this time, Polina managed to pass the test twice: the first again showed the presence of the virus in her body, the second came already “clean”.Around the same time, the temperature returned to normal, but general weakness and increased fatigue dragged on after the official recovery for another month. The missing smells returned even later – by the New Year.

Polina decided that she had recovered completely, but her joy over this did not last long: literally a couple of weeks later, strange things began to happen again with her sense of smell. Habitual aromas began to turn one after another into an extremely unpleasant smell, which Polina herself describes as “a compost pit, such fermented rotten vegetables.”

At first, bell pepper began to smell like that, then other products – meat, poultry, cauliflower – became infected with the stench from it, but the most unpleasant thing happened when, with exactly the same disgust, a Muscovite began to perceive the smells of the human body – both her own and and someone else’s.

This continues to this day, and no improvements have been observed – although four months have passed since January, and the tests stopped determining the presence of the virus in Polina’s body in mid-October, that is, more than seven months ago.

The story of Polina is not the most common case, but it is far from unique. Smell impairment is one of the symptoms of “long covid”, now well known to doctors and described in detail in the scientific literature. It is unpleasant, of course, but not fatal – and there is even hope for a complete cure.

However, it also happens that after “recovering” from Covid-19, the patient is left with a whole bunch of symptoms that fall under the description of ACL. For example, Ashley Nicole, a 35-year-old attorney from Alberta, described her condition.

“This morning I woke up for the 255th time with a blinding headache: the picture blurred before my eyes, so that almost nothing is visible. It was as if they had pushed broken glass down my throat, and my chest was twisted so that I could catch my breath …” 90,003 90,088 The tweet was published in December last year, although Ashley suffered the coronavirus back in March, at the very beginning of the epidemic, and was officially cured back in April 2020. Only now the symptoms of the disease have not gone anywhere to this day – except that they have slightly weakened.

In addition to fatigue (one of the most common symptoms), Ashley has lost almost all of her hair in the 14 months since the onset of her illness; the skin on the hands became hypersensitive, as after a burn, and the nails were loosened and darkened.

All of these are quite rare, but also occurring symptoms of “long covid”, which manifest themselves in different patients very individually and differ in surprising variety.

“The real problem”

The UK National Institutes of Health proposes to consider post-covid syndrome “ signs and symptoms that appear during or after an infection that fits into the clinical picture of Covid-19, and last more than 12 weeks if they cannot be explained by another, alternative diagnosis “.

The WHO has been trying to compile a list of such “signs and symptoms” for several months, but it is much more complicated than it might seem at first glance.

Photo author, Getty Images

Since Covid-19 is transmitted mainly by airborne droplets, we are used to considering it a respiratory disease: entering the body through the nose or mouth, the virus infects the upper respiratory tract, and then “descends” into the lungs.

This means that long-term complications of Covid-19 can manifest themselves almost anywhere.

“PCS affects a variety of organs, so the problem is clearly interdisciplinary,” agrees Maria Van Kerkhov, WHO’s chief technical officer for the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic. According to Maria, over the past year, she has met with many patients who complained of a very protracted illness and asked the WHO to at least publicly admit that the ACL is real – that the syndrome really exists, and is not a figment of the imagination of the patients themselves.

And on this issue, the position of WHO is unambiguous.“We know that this is a real problem,” Van Kerkhov assured the BBC correspondent. “We know that ACL affects a wide variety of organs. so that any person, wherever in the world he is, can get the help he needs. ”

So far, according to Maria Van Kerkhov, one thing is clear: “This is actually a dangerous virus […] Even if a person has suffered a covid relatively easily and recovered from the disease itself rather quickly, it can have extremely unpleasant long-term consequences.” …

Three long covid months

Statistics confirm her words. According to the UK’s National Statistical Office, nearly one in seven patients with a confirmed Covid-19 diagnosis have symptoms of coronavirus stretching for at least three months.

Given that by March of this year, the number of confirmed cases of infection worldwide exceeded 110 million, it can be assumed that today, to some extent, at least about 15 million people may experience signs and symptoms of “long covid”.

Photo author, Getty Images

Given the problems with counting and testing for the virus in different countries and at different stages of the pandemic, this figure could be higher. In the UK alone, by the end of February of this year, almost 500,000 people complained that they had not been able to get rid of their ACD symptoms for at least six months. But this half a million, by definition, does not include the patients of the second wave, which began in the country in October.

Francis Collins, head of the US National Institutes of Health, speaking in Congress at the end of April, estimated the number of Americans in whom Covid-19 has already provoked chronic health problems at 3 million.”This is such a huge problem for the health of the nation that it is difficult to overestimate it,” he said.

At the same time, experts pay special attention to an interesting fact: the overwhelming majority of patients who develop post-covid syndrome (90%) did not have concomitant chronic diseases that usually complicate the infection before infection, and suffered Covid-19 itself in a relatively mild form – and even if they went to a doctor, they did not need hospitalization. So they never expected that in a couple of months the virus would remind of itself again.

Basically, for several months, the symptoms of Covid-19 are delayed in relatively young patients (the average age of people with signs of ACS is 40 years), and there are much more women among them than men (70-80%).

Fog in the head

So what are these symptoms – is there even a rough list of them? Yes and no. Most of the authoritative studies that have been validated by the scientific community are not large enough and describe at best a hundred patients with ACD.

The largest study in this area to date is an Internet survey conducted last fall by British and American scientists in conjunction with a group of activists from among the coronavirus patients themselves. It was attended by almost 3800 people who listed a total of 205 different manifestations of the disease. A third of these symptoms, according to respondents, did not give them rest for at least six months.

The format of the Internet survey itself assumes a rather distorted sample.And patients’ perception of their own symptoms, of course, is inferior in reliability to laboratory tests. Therefore, the results of such studies should be treated with caution.

Nevertheless, the results of the survey can give some general idea of the well-being of patients, as well as when and in what combination certain symptoms appear and how long they persist.

Most survey respondents listed a bunch of symptoms, but the most debilitating long-term manifestations of the disease were usually severe breathlessness, incredible fatigue and post-exertional malaise or brain fog …

The authors of the study pay special attention to the syndrome of increased fatigue. Most of the observed patient respondents experienced incredible weakness, barely allowing to get out of bed.

Six months after infection, three quarters of those who remained symptomatic (i.e. developed PCD) continued to complain of a catastrophic lack of energy. Up to the point where even the simplest household chores – for example, getting dressed, having breakfast or going to the toilet – are exhausting so much that they require good rest.

“You feel as if you were just hit by a truck and left to die on the side of the road – so not a word to say , or move”, – one of the “long covid” patients, Shannon Riley, describes her feelings.

Many patients described problems with concentration and inability to hold attention, difficulty in solving simple problems or making decisions. These problems started from the first week of illness and increased over the course of three months.Only after this does the condition begin to improve, however, even after six months, if the symptoms do not go away completely, about every second survey participant complains of blurred consciousness to one degree or another.

Further everywhere

At the same time, scientists are absolutely sure that, in addition to fatigue, breathing problems and impaired cognitive functions, ACL can give a lot of other side effects – sometimes completely unexpected.

For example, if last spring we learned that one of the characteristic symptoms of Covid-19 is a temporary loss of smell (anosmia), now patients who have already had coronavirus are increasingly experiencing disruption of the normal functioning of the olfactory receptors (parosmia) – when the most The usual things suddenly start to smell like sewers, rotten fish or burnt plastic.

This is the diagnosis that Muscovite Polina T. should have been diagnosed with in January: “When I came to the doctor with a complaint about distorted odors, he told me that this is a very popular treatment associated with covid, and that most likely it will go away by itself.” …

Professor Nirwal Kumar, head of the British Association of ENT Physicians, also assured reporters that parosmia is a reversible disorder of the sense of smell, which sooner or later goes away on its own, although with the help of special therapy this process can be accelerated.

In April, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexander Chuchalin, who heads the Russian Respiratory Society, said that doctors began to frequently diagnose the so-called “postcoid myocarditis” in patients with ACD. According to him, along with the lungs, the main attack of the virus falls on the heart muscle.

Photo author, Getty Images

In addition, Chuchalin said, Covid-19 can provoke fibrosis (that is, scarring) not only of the lungs, but also of any organ to which the virus has reached.This happens when the patient’s immune system stops coping with the infection and begins to actually “brick” the virus, converting the working cells of the liver, kidneys, pancreas, spleen, or other organs into connective tissue.

It has also been proven that the virus sometimes leads to bleeding disorders and increases the risk of thrombosis. In the long term, this can cause very unexpected symptoms in some patients. In particular, medical journals describe cases of loosening of teeth and hair loss in coronavirus patients: according to doctors, changes in blood vessels could lead to impaired blood circulation in patients in the gums or around hair follicles.

Four theories and cautious optimism

However, Covid-19 is by no means the first and certainly not the only disease that causes such unpleasant and such varied long-term consequences, says Amy Proal, head of research at the PolyBio research foundation, which specializes in on the study of autoimmune diseases.

In an interview with the BBC, Dr. Proal listed four possible causes of “long covid”.

First: during the acute phase of the disease, coronavirus severely damages any organ – for example, due to the aforementioned fibrosis.When the acute phase passes, the affected organ is not always able to restore its functions in full, that is, in fact, Covid-19 provokes a chronic disease not directly related to the virus 90 130.

Second: Despite the fact that PCR tests cannot detect the virus, it does not leave the patient’s body completely, but remains in one or another organ (“reservoir”) – for example, in liver tissue or in the central nervous system. In this case, the presence of the virus itself can cause chronic symptoms , since it interferes with the normal functioning of the organ.Such cases have been described in patients who have “recovered” from the Zika or Ebola viruses.

Third: Sars-Cov-2 coronavirus disrupts the inherent settings of the body’s immune system since childhood and knocks down the signals of interferon proteins , which restrain other viruses constantly living in our body, as a result of which these other viruses are activated and begin to actively multiply . For example, according to Dr. Proal, during the pandemic there have already been several studies proving the reactivation of herpes viruses in coronavirus patients.

“You and I are not sterile: trillions of microorganisms – bacteria and viruses live in our body,” she explains. under control, causing some kind of chronic symptoms. Such cases [in covid patients] have also been documented in several studies at once. ”

Finally, fourth a possible reason is due to genetics, when, as a result of a coincidence, the coronavirus actually comes into conflict with the patient’s DNA, , turning Covid-19 into a chronic autoimmune disease .This happens when one of the proteins produced in the patient’s body turns out to be similar in shape and size to the protein of the virus itself. This phenomenon is known as “molecular mimicry”, and even if the composition of the two protein molecules has almost nothing in common, such an overlap may be sufficient. An aggressive immune response to infection triggered by the body will inevitably destroy the patient’s own cells, which produce the proteins he needs.

All the above explanations, says Dr. Proal, are not mutually exclusive and can occur in a particular patient with ACL in any combination.

When asked if patients who have had unpleasant symptoms for more than a year should wait for a full recovery, Amy Proal pauses for a long time.

“I think … I think the patients will get better,” she finally replies. “Yes, I’m optimistic.”

Scientists are finding out whether it is possible to get sick with COVID-19 again

A study has started in Russia, the purpose of which is to study the immunity that is formed in those who have had COVID-19 to the new coronavirus.The key questions to be answered are: how is the immune system formed, how “strong” is it, and is it possible to get infected with the coronavirus again after having been ill? The curator of the research project, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Pathophysiology at the I.M. Sechenov Anton Ershov.

Anton Valerievich, how is the “intensity” of immunity assessed – does it depend on the amount of antibodies in the blood, or are some other criteria used?

Anton Ershov: There is a concept of “immunity intensity” or “protective antibody titer”.These are numerical values with a reference spread. In the evaluation process, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G and their avidity, that is, the degree of strength of the binding of antibodies to the corresponding antigens, are considered.

Also, the “intensity of immunity” depends on how long memory B-cells (“naive” lymphocytes) exist in the body. It is these cells that produce immunoglobulins G, which, when the viral agent re-enters the body, prevent pathology from developing.

Why is the immunity against some infections lifelong (those who have had measles do not become infected again), but not from others? Is this related to the variability of the virus?

Anton Ershov: Yes and no.Immunity is formed against key components of the virus that traditionally do not mutate.

The virus contains antigens that either mutate or not. Antibodies are produced against antigens. If antibodies are produced against antigens that do not change over time and are contained in the body for a long time, then immunity can be lifelong.

If antibodies are produced against a variable antigen or the antibody titer drops sharply, immunity will act for a short period of time.This, for example, happens with the flu: it is a seasonal illness and every year or two a new strain of the influenza virus appears. Therefore, the immunity to influenza lasts an average of six months. That is, having had the flu in one season, the next year we can get infected and get sick again.

The problem with the current coronavirus is that it has appeared recently and, accordingly, not enough time has passed to become familiar with this virus. Due to the fact that it is SARS (the new coronavirus is similar to the SARS virus that caused the SARS epidemic in 2002-2003), there is an assumption that immunity to COVID-19 will also persist for two years.But there is no confirmed data on preservation.

Does the “amount” of the virus entering the body affect the severity of the disease? And does the formation of immunity depend on the severity of the course of the disease? That is, those who have had a severe form of COVID-19 will be better protected from re-infection compared to those who were sick without symptoms or not seriously? Or will the latter develop immunity anyway?

Anton Ershov : Now the media is flooded with information about repeated cases of infection.But we must take into account: repeated cases of the disease are characteristic of any pathology, and the coronavirus in this sense is no exception.

Why might the proper immunity not be formed to provide protection in case of infection? Option one: the person is very easily ill. He leads a healthy lifestyle, eats well, gets enough sleep and so on. In his body, although the infection did occur, there was not a permissive amount of the virus for the body to take the infection seriously and develop antibodies against it. For the body, such a mild form can go unnoticed.

You can even get measles twice or thrice. Although it is believed that after the first case, the body develops lifelong immunity. But I personally, for example, suffered from measles twice in one year in a very mild form. Antibodies were simply not produced in the body, since the danger of the virus was minimal.

The second case when immunity is not formed – if a person has been overly ill. In an extremely difficult course, the body will be so stressed that all its compensatory forces go to maintain life in the present moment, and not to form protection for the future.The body simply does not have enough strength, namely proteins to form antibodies.

So the optimal case for the formation of stable immunity is with the course of the disease of moderate severity and without excessive use of medicines. That’s when the body develops maximum immunity to it.

Both WHO and many experts in different countries talk about the threat of a second wave of the epidemic. Do you already have any data on this?

Anton Ershov: If we do not cope by autumn, namely, we do not suppress the emergence of new cases and the rate of spread of coronavirus, there will be a second wave.Because this is a 100% seasonal virus and it will intensify in autumn and winter.

What are the prospects for a vaccine? Some say that it is impossible to create a vaccine against the coronavirus, others (including the position of the WHO) insist that this is the only way to overcome the epidemic. What is your opinion?

Anton Ershov: The vaccine will be created, this is unambiguous. But there are two points.

The first is the timing of its creation. Even if the whole world now transfers capacity from the creation of any other vaccines to the creation of a vaccine for coronavirus, the production of the required number of doses will take 1.5-2 years.That is, it is a long process.

And second, do not forget that before you can start mass production of a new vaccine, you need to go through a very important stage of its testing, which should also take at least another two, sometimes 3-4 years. Very few experts are optimistic about the rapid emergence of a new vaccine. Shortening the timeline for clinical trials is wrong. We do not know what the long-term consequences of using it will be. Maybe it will cause cancer? Could fetal genetic disorders? There are cases when an insufficiently proven drug in the long term caused dire consequences.For example, you can recall the famous story when in America it was allowed to use a new sleeping pill for pregnant women, but as a result, after a short time in the country, the number of children born with serious genetic mutations – two heads, etc. volunteers. Participants are those who have had COVID-19 with a confirmed diagnosis, those who had symptoms, but the test did not confirm the presence of the virus, as well as the third group – those who have not had colds at all recently.All of them will donate blood – this, in fact, is their participation in the research project. What will this participation give them? Do they know about the results – is their information provided?

Anton Ershov: All test participants on a voluntary basis receive personal data – that is, information about the content and amount of antibodies in their bodies. And also upon completion of the study, all of them will have access to the results and conclusions made by the expert group.

Help “RG”

It is now assumed that people who have had a coronavirus infection receive immune protection – they may not be afraid of infection, which is especially important for doctors working in COVID departments. In addition, those who have recovered are invited to become donors of plasma – the antibodies contained in it help to cope with the disease in seriously ill patients (although this method of treatment also remains experimental). Scientists and doctors from different countries continue to study the new infection.The results of the Russian study “Dynamics of immunological indicators in patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19” will help complete the picture of knowledge about the new coronavirus in order to more successfully resist a dangerous infection. The research project is being carried out by the DNKOM laboratory in cooperation with a number of medical institutions and biotechnology companies.

Weak Links | Microsoft Docs

03/30/2017
Reading takes 2 minutes

A weak reference gives the garbage collector the ability to delete an object, but at the same time gives the application access to that object. A weak reference is only valid for an indefinite amount of time before the object is assembled in the absence of strong references. When using a weak reference, the application can still obtain a strong reference in the object, preventing the latter from being deleted. However, there is always the possibility of garbage collection of the object before re-creating the strong reference.

Weak references are useful for objects that use a lot of memory, but can be re-created with little effort if they have been removed by the garbage collector.

As an example, consider a tree view in a Windows Forms application that displays a branched hierarchical structure of several options to the user. If the underlying data is large, keeping this tree in memory is inefficient, especially if the user is doing something else in the application.

If the user switches to a different part of the application, you can use the WeakReference class to create a weak reference to the tree and remove any strong references. When the user switches back to this tree, the application will try to obtain a strong reference to the tree and, if successful, avoid re-creating the tree.

To weakly reference an object, create a WeakReference using an instance of the object to track. You then set the Target property to this object and set the value null for the original object reference.For a sample code, see the WeakReference section in the class library.

Short and long weak links

You can create a short weak link or a long weak link:

Short
The short reference target becomes null if the object was garbage collected. A weak reference itself is a managed object and is subject to garbage collection like any other managed object. Short Weak Reference is a parameterless constructor for WeakReference.
Long
The long weak reference persists after calling the object’s Finalize method. This allows the object to be re-created, but the state of the object remains unpredictable. To use a long reference, specify true in the WeakReference constructor.
If the object type does not have a Finalize method, the short weak reference function is used, and the weak reference itself becomes valid only before the targets are assembled, which can happen at any time after the finalizer is run.

To set a strong reference and reuse an object, type the Target property of the WeakReference object for that object. If the Target property returns null , then the object was removed by the collector. Otherwise, you can continue using the object because the application has restored a strong reference to that object.

Weak Link Policy

Use long weak references only when necessary, as the state of the object after completion becomes unpredictable.

Avoid using weak references to small objects because the pointer itself can be the same size or even larger.

Avoid using weak references as an automatic solution to memory management problems. Instead, develop an effective caching policy for handling application objects.

What is an allergy?

The word “allergy” is borrowed from the Greek language and means “another action.” Thus, allergies are changes in the body’s response to the effects of common substances found in the environment, which in themselves are harmless.These substances are called allergens, and the most common ones come from house mites, molds, woolly animals, food, drugs, metals, and pollen from grasses and trees.

When a patient comes into contact with an allergen, special antibodies (IgE) begin to be produced in his body. These antibodies are absorbed onto the surface of various inflammatory cells such as mast cells and basophilic granulocytes. Such cells are found, for example, in the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, blood and skin.Upon renewal of contact with the same allergen, a reaction between the antibody and the allergen may occur. This reaction produces chemicals that cause disorders such as itching, nasal congestion, coughing, and shortness of breath. The most important chemical produced in this process is histamine. Sometimes an allergy to a certain substance can develop quickly, and sometimes it happens over a long period of time.

Who May Have Allergies?

The hereditary factor plays an important role in the development of allergies.If neither parent is hypersensitive or allergic, there is a 15% chance that their child will develop an allergy. If one of the parents is allergic, then this figure will be 40%. In the presence of allergies in both parents, the probability of the child’s illness will be 60-80%. Often, food allergies in children go away with age, but adults can develop new types of allergies that affect the respiratory tract. Airway allergies rarely go away completely, but their intensity and symptoms can vary markedly and, in some cases, hardly be observed.Some, however, can react strongly to both pollen and animals in adulthood.

What are the symptoms of an allergy?

Pollen allergy primarily irritates the nose and eyes, but can also cause headaches, weakness, fatigue and decreased concentration. Many pollen allergy sufferers complain of discomfort in the mouth and throat when eating raw fruits and vegetables, especially during pollen season. This is because pollen allergens are similar to proteins found in food, which leads to cross-reactions.

In case of an acute allergic reaction, anaphylactic shock can occur, that is, a life-threatening sharp drop in blood pressure. This can happen with an injection (vaccine or fluoroscopy contrast fluid), an insect bite (such as a wasp), medication, or food. See also metal allergy and contact allergy fact sheets.

Prevalence

More than 40% of the population have allergic reactions during their lifetime.In most cases, these are mild symptoms. More serious allergic reactions are observed in 10-20% of the population. Most often, allergic symptoms appear already in childhood, although some people get their first allergic reactions as an adult.

Experts at the international level agree that in recent decades there has been an increase in the incidence of allergies. There is a lot to suggest that lifestyle factors such as dietary changes and unhealthy indoor climates can play a role.In addition to this, the weakening of microbiological stimulation (hygienic hypothesis) and a change in the composition of the bacterial flora surrounding us should be noted.

Allergy treatment

If you think you have an allergy, then, despite the sufficiency of preventive measures for mild to moderate symptoms, you should consult a doctor. The greatest effect will have a complete exclusion of contact with the allergen. In the case of food, this is not easy, and in the case of pollen allergy, it is almost impossible.Many are forced to use medications for allergic symptoms.

It is important to select the appropriate treatment method with the correct use of the necessary medications. The first aid for allergic nasal symptoms is the use of so-called topical steroids, available commercially in powder or inhaler form. Antihistamines, available as tablets, eye drops, and nasal inhalers, are also effective drugs with rare and safe side effects.As a rule, inhalation medication is necessary for symptoms occurring in the lower respiratory tract. Here, too, topical steroids are central, often in combination with one or more other inhaled medications. You should refrain from injections of cortisone as long as possible, which, however, may be relevant in special cases (for example, before passing an exam) or when other types of treatment are not effective enough. The cortisone injection lasts for several weeks.

Anaphylactic shock can come on gradually or suddenly and be life-threatening. Those few patients with such a pronounced allergy that there is a danger of anaphylactic shock should always have an adrenaline syringe with them. When a shock occurs, it is necessary to immediately inject adrenaline and immediately consult a doctor.

(Information on allergy vaccination can be found in a separate information sheet).

How is the diagnosis made?

When testing during acute allergic reactions, such as allergic rhinitis, the results will be fairly typical for allergies.However, clinical examination usually does not answer the question of whether the reaction is the result of an allergy, airway hyperactivity, chemical sensitivity, or something else. In this case, special tests for allergies are necessary, such as a blood test and a Pirquet test. Antihistamines should not be taken 7 days before the Pirke test, as they can reduce the degree of response. It is important that clinicians working with blood allergy tests can interpret the results correctly.

None of the allergy tests are 100% reliable. It is quite possible to have an allergy with negative test results and vice versa. Therefore, the patient’s medical history is most important in diagnosing allergies. There is no age limit for allergy testing.

How to get tested

If you suspect an allergy, contact your doctor. Some doctors do the analysis themselves. Otherwise, you will be referred to a specialist, clinic or hospital.The principle of free choice of a hospital in Norway allows for a choice based on the information received. On the Internet site below and by calling the toll-free number 800 41 004 you can get information about the available allergy treatment sites.

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Weak Links | Microsoft Docs

In This Article

Short and long weak links

Weak Link Policy

See also

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