What are the key features of Georgetown lacrosse camps. How can players benefit from attending these high-level training programs. What makes Georgetown’s camps stand out in developing lacrosse skills and preparing athletes for the next level.
Georgetown Women’s Lacrosse Camp: Intensive Training for Aspiring Athletes
The Georgetown Women’s Lacrosse Camp offers a comprehensive training experience for motivated and experienced players looking to elevate their game. This camp is specifically designed to prepare athletes for the next level of competition, providing intense and challenging sessions that push participants to their limits.
Camp Highlights:
- Hands-on coaching from experienced staff
- Daily scrimmages and game situations
- Skill sessions focused on individual improvement
- Team concepts and situational play
- Small-sided games and tournament play
Who can attend the Georgetown Women’s Lacrosse Camp? The camp is open to experienced players entering grades 7-12, including graduated high school seniors. This age range ensures that participants are at a skill level that can benefit from the advanced training provided.
Specialized Goalie Program
Recognizing the unique needs of goalies, the camp offers a specialized program run in conjunction with the main camp. This program includes:
- Two dedicated goalie training sessions
- Instruction from collegiate goalie coaches
- Integration into scrimmages and tournament play
Goalies are required to bring their own equipment to participate in this specialized training.
Georgetown Day Camps: Intensive Focus on Team Concepts and Game IQ
In addition to the main women’s lacrosse camp, Georgetown offers three separate day camps designed to focus intensely on team concepts and improving individual Game IQ. These camps provide a unique opportunity for players to immerse themselves in high-level training within a condensed timeframe.
Day Camp Details:
- Open to experienced rising 8th-12th graders
- Three separate sessions available
- Full-day format (approximately 9 AM to 7 PM)
- Focus on large and small team concepts
- Emphasis on raising individual Game IQ
How do these day camps differ from the main women’s lacrosse camp? While the main camp offers a more comprehensive experience over multiple days, the day camps provide an intensive, focused training environment that allows players to dive deep into specific aspects of the game in a single day.
Georgetown Men’s Lacrosse Prospect Day Camp: Showcasing Skills for College Recruitment
The Georgetown University Hoyas Men’s Lacrosse Prospect Day Camp offers a unique opportunity for high school male lacrosse players to experience college-level training and potentially catch the eye of recruiters. This camp is specifically designed for players in the graduating classes of 2019, 2020, and 2021.
Key Features of the Prospect Day Camp:
- High-level, fast-paced training program
- Six-hour intensive camp format
- Held at the state-of-the-art Cooper Field on Georgetown’s campus
- Led by Georgetown University Hoyas men’s lacrosse coaching staff
- Opportunity to learn new techniques and refine skills
Why should aspiring college lacrosse players consider attending a prospect day camp? These camps provide invaluable exposure to college-level coaching and training methods, allowing players to gauge their current skill level and identify areas for improvement. Additionally, it offers a chance to showcase abilities directly to college coaches in a competitive environment.
Training Facilities: Cooper Field and McDonough Arena
Georgetown lacrosse camps utilize top-notch facilities to ensure participants have the best possible training experience. The primary venues for these camps are Cooper Field and McDonough Arena, both located on the Georgetown University campus.
Cooper Field:
- State-of-the-art sports turf field
- Primary location for outdoor training and games
- Provides a true college lacrosse environment
McDonough Arena:
- Indoor facility for inclement weather or specialized training
- Allows for year-round camp opportunities
How do these facilities enhance the camp experience? Training on college-level fields and arenas gives participants a taste of the environments they’ll encounter if they pursue lacrosse at the next level. It also ensures that weather doesn’t interfere with the camp schedule, as indoor options are available when needed.
Cost and Registration: Making Elite Training Accessible
Georgetown lacrosse camps offer competitive pricing to make high-level training accessible to a wide range of players. The costs vary depending on the specific camp and duration.
Women’s Lacrosse Camp Pricing:
- Individual rate: $535
- Team rate: $515 (minimum number of players required)
Day Camp Pricing:
- $275 per camper (includes lunch)
Is there a cancellation policy for these camps? Yes, for the women’s lacrosse camp, cancellations received by June 1st will receive a refund of all fees except the $200 deposit. Cancellations after June 1st result in forfeiture of the entire camp fee.
Registration Process:
- Select desired camp and session
- Complete online registration form
- Submit required participation forms
- Pay camp fees
What forms are required for participation? All participants must submit completed participation forms, which are available during the online registration process. These forms are crucial for ensuring the safety and well-being of all campers.
Protection of Minors Policy: Ensuring a Safe Environment for All Participants
Georgetown University takes the safety and protection of minors seriously, implementing a comprehensive Protection of Minors Policy for all campus activities involving participants under 18 years of age.
Key Aspects of the Policy:
- Applies to all University-sponsored and affiliated activities
- Covers programs operated on campus by non-University organizations
- Ensures compliance with legal and ethical standards for youth protection
How does this policy benefit camp participants and their families? By implementing and enforcing strict protection policies, Georgetown creates a safe and secure environment for all campers. This allows participants to focus on improving their lacrosse skills without concerns about their well-being.
Developing Well-Rounded Athletes: Beyond Lacrosse Skills
While the primary focus of Georgetown lacrosse camps is on developing players’ technical skills and game understanding, these programs also contribute to the overall development of well-rounded athletes.
Additional Benefits of Attending Georgetown Lacrosse Camps:
- Exposure to college-level expectations and standards
- Opportunity to build relationships with coaches and fellow players
- Development of leadership and teamwork skills
- Improved physical conditioning and mental toughness
- Increased confidence on and off the field
How do these camps prepare players for success beyond lacrosse? The intense training environment and focus on team concepts help participants develop important life skills such as time management, goal-setting, and perseverance. These attributes can contribute to success in academic pursuits and future careers.
Networking and Recruitment Opportunities
For high school players aspiring to play lacrosse at the collegiate level, Georgetown camps offer valuable networking and potential recruitment opportunities. While participation does not guarantee recruitment, it provides a platform for players to showcase their skills and interact with college coaches.
What steps can players take to maximize their exposure during these camps? To make the most of the experience, players should:
- Arrive prepared and in top physical condition
- Demonstrate a positive attitude and strong work ethic
- Actively engage with coaches and fellow players
- Be open to feedback and willing to learn new techniques
- Follow up with coaches after the camp to express interest and gratitude
Preparing for Georgetown Lacrosse Camps: Tips for Success
To ensure participants get the most out of their Georgetown lacrosse camp experience, proper preparation is key. Here are some tips to help players arrive ready to excel:
Physical Preparation:
- Maintain a consistent training regimen leading up to the camp
- Focus on endurance, strength, and agility exercises
- Practice stick skills regularly to keep them sharp
- Get plenty of rest in the days leading up to the camp
Mental Preparation:
- Set personal goals for what you want to achieve during the camp
- Review fundamental lacrosse concepts and strategies
- Prepare questions for coaches about technique or college recruitment
- Adopt a growth mindset, ready to learn and improve
Equipment and Gear:
- Ensure all equipment is in good condition and properly fitted
- Break in new cleats or shoes before the camp
- Pack extra gear (mouthguards, socks, etc.) in case of loss or damage
- Bring a water bottle to stay hydrated throughout the day
How can parents support their child’s preparation for a lacrosse camp? Parents can play a crucial role by:
- Helping to organize and check all necessary equipment
- Encouraging consistent practice and conditioning
- Discussing goals and expectations for the camp experience
- Ensuring proper nutrition and rest leading up to the camp
The Georgetown Lacrosse Legacy: Building on Tradition
Georgetown University has a rich history in lacrosse, with both the men’s and women’s programs consistently ranking among the top teams in the nation. This legacy of excellence is reflected in the quality of instruction and training provided at Georgetown lacrosse camps.
Key Achievements:
- Multiple NCAA tournament appearances for both men’s and women’s teams
- Numerous All-American and all-conference player selections
- Strong academic performance among student-athletes
- Successful alumni in professional lacrosse and other fields
How does Georgetown’s lacrosse legacy benefit camp participants? By attending a Georgetown lacrosse camp, players are tapping into a wealth of knowledge and experience accumulated over years of competitive success. The coaching staff brings insights from high-level college competition, helping to prepare campers for the challenges they may face as they advance in their lacrosse careers.
Embracing Innovation in Training
While building on its strong tradition, Georgetown lacrosse camps also embrace innovation in training methods and technology. This forward-thinking approach ensures that campers receive cutting-edge instruction that keeps pace with the evolving nature of the sport.
What innovative training methods might campers encounter? Some examples include:
- Use of video analysis to break down techniques and game situations
- Integration of sports science principles for optimal performance and injury prevention
- Incorporation of mental training and mindfulness techniques
- Utilization of advanced metrics to track player performance and progress
Beyond the Camp: Continuing Development and Next Steps
Attending a Georgetown lacrosse camp is an excellent step in a player’s development, but the journey doesn’t end when the camp concludes. To truly benefit from the experience, players should have a plan for continuing their growth and applying what they’ve learned.
Post-Camp Development Strategies:
- Review and practice new techniques learned at camp
- Set specific, measurable goals based on camp feedback
- Seek out additional training opportunities or clinics
- Join or create a peer training group to maintain skills
- Consider private coaching to address specific areas for improvement
How can players stay connected with the Georgetown lacrosse community after camp? Some options include:
- Following Georgetown lacrosse social media accounts for updates and tips
- Attending Georgetown lacrosse games as a spectator
- Participating in future camps or prospect days
- Connecting with fellow campers to share progress and motivation
Evaluating College Lacrosse Opportunities
For high school players, attending a Georgetown lacrosse camp can be an important step in evaluating their potential for playing at the collegiate level. The experience gained can help inform decisions about academic and athletic goals.
What factors should players consider when assessing their college lacrosse potential?
- Feedback received from camp coaches
- Performance relative to other camp participants
- Academic requirements for college admission
- Desired balance between academics and athletics
- Geographical preferences for college location
By carefully considering these factors and building on the foundation laid at Georgetown lacrosse camps, players can make informed decisions about their future in the sport and beyond.
Georgetown Womens Lacrosse Camps – powered by Oasys Sports
Description
The Hoyas Women’s Lacrosse Camp is specifically designed for motivated and experienced lacrosse players who are looking to prepare themselves for the next level. Training sessions will be intense and challenging, and will provide campers with plenty of “hands-on” coaching by our experienced staff. Campers will also have daily opportunities to scrimmage and participate in game situations.
A typical day will consist of skill sessions, team concepts/situational play, competition, small-sided games and tournament play.
Goalie Program
Two goalie training sessions will be taught by collegiate goalie coaches on staff. The program will run in conjunction with the Hoyas Women’s Camp. Goalies will also be assigned to all scrimmage situations and placed on a team during tournament play. Goalies must supply their equipment.
Ages
Camp is open to experienced players entering Grades 7-12 (Graduated high school seniors are welcome as well)
Date & Time
2019 Dates TBD
Location
Cooper Field
37th St NW & O St. NW
Washington, DC 20007 Map It!
Driving Directions to Cooper Field
Driving Directions to McDonough Arena
(Note: You will have to park in the Southwest garage upon arrival.) Additional Parking Information
Campers will have access to sport turf fields for all training and games.
Cost
Individuals – $535
Team Rate – $515
*If cancellation is received by June 1st, all but the $200 camp deposit will be returned. Any cancellation after June 1st will result in forfeiture of entire camp fee.
Schedule
TBA
Protection of Minor Policy
Georgetown University is committed to the care and protection of those under 18 years of age.
All University-sponsored and affiliated activities and programs, as well as those operated on campus by non-University organizations, must comply with the University’s Protection of Minors Policy. For more information, go to protectionofminors.georgetown.edu
Contact Information
If you have any questions or concerns please E-mail [email protected]
Georgetown Womens Lacrosse Camps – powered by Oasys Sports
**This event has been canceled**
Description
These are three separate camps that will each focus intensely on team large and small concepts and raising each individual’s Game IQ.
Ages
Open to experienced rising 8th-12th graders.
Dates
Session I – Monday – June 29th, 2020
Session II – Monday – July 20th, 2020
Session III – Monday – July 27th, 2020
Location
Cooper Field
37th St NW & O St.
NW
Washington, DC 20007 Map It!
Driving Directions to Cooper Field
Driving Directions to McDonough Arena
(Note: You will have to park in the Southwest garage upon arrival.) Additional Parking Information
Campers will have access to sport turf fields for all training and games.
Cost
Each day camp will be $275 per camper, lunch is included.
Schedule: The camp is scheduled to run from approximately 9 AM to 7 PM. A detailed schedule will be emailed to registrants as each date approaches.
Participation Forms
• In order to participate in a Georgetown University Summer Camp, each participant must submit a completed version of the necessary forms. All forms will be available during the online registration process. Participants who have not completed this form will not be permitted to participate in camp activities until they are received.
Protection of Minor Policy
Georgetown University is committed to the care and protection of those under 18 years of age. All University-sponsored and affiliated activities and programs, as well as those operated on campus by non-University organizations, must comply with the University’s Protection of Minors Policy. For more information, go to protectionofminors.georgetown.edu
Contact Information
If you have any questions or concerns please E-mail [email protected]
Georgetown University Hoyas Men’s Lacrosse Prospect Day Camp
The Georgetown University Hoyas Men’s Lacrosse Prospect Day Camp is a high-level and fast-paced training program for all high school male lacrosse players in the graduating classes of 2019, 2020, and 2021. It is going to run from 9 o’clock in the morning until 3 o’clock in the afternoon. The venue of this event is the state-of-the-art Cooper Field, which is on the Georgetown University campus.
Furthermore, this six-hour lacrosse prospect day camp will provide the participants a feel for how it is like to train in a college level atmosphere. The participants are also going to learn new techniques and refine their skills and knowledge. This event is an initiative of the Georgetown University Hoyas men’s lacrosse coaching staff. In addition, the program is requiring the attendees to bring their own lacrosse gears and equipment.
Georgetown University, originally Georgetown College, is a private, coeducational, nonprofit, research university in Washington, D.C. It consists 9 schools, namely, the Georgetown College, the McDonough School of Business, the School of Foreign Service, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the Georgetown Law, the School of Medicine, the School of Continuing Studies, the School of Nursing and Health Studies, and the McCourt School of Public Policy. Moreover, Georgetown University is 21st in the 2017 Forbes Magazine’s List of America’s Best Colleges.
It is also 20th in the National Universities category of the 2018 edition of the U.S. News and World Report Best Colleges rankings. The university is also 4th in the Best Colleges for Veterans rankings and 26th in the Best Value Schools rankings. Currently, the university is serving around 7,600 undergraduate students and around 10,200 postgraduate students. 44 percent of this undergraduate student population are male students and 56 percent are female students. This undergraduate student population is also through a selective enrollment acceptance rate of 17 percent. Correspondingly, the university’s student to faculty ratio is 11:1. In athletics, Georgetown University is competing in the Big East Conference and the Patriot League both in the NCAA Division I. They are the Hoyas. The university athletics identity colors are blue and gray.
Georgetown University Hoyas Men’s Lacrosse Prospect Day Camp Organizers
Kevin Warne, an alumnus of Hofstra University with a degree in psychology, is the head coach of the Georgetown University Hoyas men’s lacrosse team.
He is now in his fifth year at the helm of the university’s men’s lacrosse program. Coach Kevin Warne is the 2015 BIG EAST Coach of the Year awardee. This is after he led the Hoyas to a BIG EAST Championship game. Additionally, Coach Kevin Warne is a former top collegiate lacrosse player. In fact, he is a four-year letterwinner and a two-time All-America East honoree. Then, the Hoyas men’s lacrosse assistant coaches are Michael Phipps and David Shriver. Coach Michael Phipps is a University of Maryland alumnus. He outstanding college lacrosse playing career includes a Van Trump Award. He also played professionally with the Los Angeles Riptide and Chesapeake Bayhawks in the Major League Lacrosse (MLL). Meanwhile, Coach David Shriver is a former Georgetown Hoyas standout. He is the former Penn State Nitanny Lions director of lacrosse operations. And finally, Chris Fisher is the team’s volunteer assistant coach. He is a summa cum laude graduate of St. John’s University with a degree in sports management
Summary
Service Type
Lacrosse Recruiting Camps
Provider Name
Georgetown University,
Area
Washington, DC
Description
Join the Georgetown University Hoyas Men’s Lacrosse Prospect Day Camp on the 19th of July.
It is going to run from 9:00 AM until 3:00 PM at the beautiful Cooper Field, which is on the Georgetown University campus. This training event is inviting all elite male lacrosse players in the high school graduating classes of 2019, 2020, and 2021.
Georgetown University Women’s D1
Degrees offered by popularity. Type = Bachelor.
Social Sciences
(36%)
Business
(20%)
International Relations and Affairs
(14%)
Political Science and Government, General
(10%)
Finance, General
(9%)
Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, General
(8%)
Biological & Biomedical Sciences
(5%)
Economics, General
(5%)
Science, Technology and Society
(4%)
Psychology, General
(4%)
Psychology
(4%)
Health Services/Allied Health/Health Sciences, General
(4%)
English Language & Literature
(4%)
English Language and Literature, General
(4%)
Marketing/Marketing Management, General
(3%)
Foreign Languages
(3%)
International Economics
(2%)
Political Economy
(2%)
Mathematics, General
(2%)
Mathematics & Statistics
(2%)
Accounting
(2%)
International Business/Trade/Commerce
(2%)
Biomedical Sciences, General
(2%)
Ethnic, Cultural & Gender Studies
(2%)
Computer & Information Sciences
(2%)
Computer Science
(2%)
Health/Health Care Administration/Management
(2%)
Liberal Arts and Sciences/Liberal Studies
(1%)
Liberal Arts & Sciences
(1%)
Biological and Physical Sciences
(1%)
Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution
(1%)
American/United States Studies/Civilization
(1%)
Physical Sciences
(1%)
Registered Nursing/Registered Nurse
(1%)
Information Resources Management
(1%)
History, General
(1%)
History
(1%)
Linguistics
(1%)
International Public Health/International Health
(1%)
Physics, General
(1%)
Visual & Performing Arts
(1%)
Biology/Biological Sciences, General
(1%)
Sociology
(1%)
Business Administration and Management, General
(1%)
Philosophy & Religious Studies
(0%)
Neurobiology and Anatomy
(0%)
Art History, Criticism and Conservation
(0%)
Philosophy
(0%)
Anthropology
(0%)
Environmental Biology
(0%)
Chinese Language and Literature
(0%)
Biochemistry
(0%)
Women’s Studies
(0%)
French Language and Literature
(0%)
Chemistry, General
(0%)
Religion/Religious Studies
(0%)
Russian Language and Literature
(0%)
Japanese Language and Literature
(0%)
Arabic Language and Literature
(0%)
Spanish Language and Literature
(0%)
Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, General
(0%)
Italian Language and Literature
(0%)
Portuguese Language and Literature
(0%)
German Language and Literature
(0%)
Humanities/Humanistic Studies
(0%)
Biophysics
(0%)
Music, General
(0%)
African-American/Black Studies
(0%)
Art/Art Studies, General
Comparative Literature
Medieval and Renaissance Studies
Boys Lacrosse & Leadership Camp | Leadership LAX Camp
David Shriver
David Shriver returned to the Hilltop as an assistant coach on the men’s lacrosse staff in July of 2017.
He previously spent six seasons at Penn State, including serving as the director of lacrosse operations for four years.
During the COVID-19 shortened campaign in 2020, Shriver helped guide goalie Owen McElroy to a dominant season in net. McElroy led the NCAA in goals-against average (6.21) and save percentage (.689). He posted a 6-0 record in goal and averaged 9.67 saves per game. He would go on to earn Inside Lacrosse First Team Media All-American recognition and was selected to the Tewaaraton Award Wacth List. As a team, the Hoyas led the NCAA in in scoring defense (6.33) and scoring margin (10.17) while allowing just one team to score more than 10 goals and holding opponents to under five goals three different times.
An integral part of Georgetown’s back-to-back BIG EAST Championships in 2018 and 2019, Shriver specialized in the development of Georgetown’s goalies. He oversaw senior Nick Marrocco produce one of the best campaigns between the pipes in program history in 2018, becoming just the seventh Hoya, and first since 2008, to collect First Team USILA All-America accolades.
He was the first GU player to be named BIG EAST Goalkeeper of the Year, was tabbed the Most Outstanding Player at the BIG EAST Championship and went on to a professional career with the Boston Cannons of Major League Lacrosse, including an All-Star nod in 2019.
With the Nittany Lions, Shriver was instrumental with the team’s offense by developing the extra-man unit and offensive personnel. Penn State reached the NCAA Tournament twice during his time in Happy Valley while posting 12-win seasons in both 2013 and 2017.
A former captain for the Blue & Gray, Shriver played in 28 games during his time in the Nation’s Capital, primarily with the extra-man offense. He tallied seven goals during his tenure, including five in man-up situations. Georgetown won 32 games during his four seasons on the Hilltop.
Shriver earned his undergraduate degree from the College in 2011 and recently completed his master’s in Sports Industry Management from Georgetown’s School of Continuing Studies in 2020.
He currently resides in Annapolis with his wife, Brooke.
Lacrosse Registration for the Spring 2021 Season is Now Open!
About Georgetown Triton Youth Lacrosse:
Georgetown Triton Youth Lacrosse is a developmental lacrosse program open to all Boys and Girls in grades K-8. There are no cuts or tryouts and every player is guaranteed a roster spot provided they complete registration by the registration deadline. The Spring outdoor season starts mid-April, consists of 8 games over a 10 week period, and includes 1-2 team practices per week.
For This Season:
To lower the costs for new players entering the sport, all first year players will be provided with an optional loaner lacrosse stick for use during the season. In addition, optional loaner uniforms will be provided for all U9 players for the season (Grades 1-2).
The U9 fee for the 2020 season is $90 and the fee for U11-U15 is $120.
All Georgetown Triton Youth Lacrosse players are also required to self-register directly with either Founders Lacrosse for the girls or MBYLL for the boys in advance of registering with the GAA. The Founders Lacrosse fee is $30 and MBYLL fee is $30 this year. The links are on the registration page: http://www.tri-lax.com
Georgetown Triton Youth Lacrosse
The Georgetown Triton Youth Lacrosse program provides a fun and competitive learning environment for boys and girls ages 5 through 14. Instruction is geared to be appropriate for age and ability, and coaches work with children on both an individual and team level. Our mission is to enhance each player’s capabilities and experience while instilling the love of the game. In addition to learning basic stick skills and game time strategies, players learn about leadership, good sportsmanship and teamwork.
Programs
Our teams participate in competitive travel programs for inter-town league play for both boys and girls in the following age groups.
U9: 1st and 2nd grade
U11: 3rd and 4th grade
U13: 5th and 6th grade
U15: 7th and 8th grade
Affiliations
Georgetown Triton Youth Lacrosse is affiliated with the Mass Bay Youth Lacrosse League (MBYLL), Founders Lacrosse and US Lacrosse. Through the MBYLL and Founders, all of our coaches participate in various training programs to ensure the players are receiving the most up to date instruction. Training programs range from rules clinics and in-depth skills and drills training to positive coaching techniques and strategic play. Each year coaches must participate in trainings to maintain their coaching certifications
Links
Mass Bay Youth Lacrosse League (MBYLL)
US Lacrosse (USL)
Founders Girls Lacrosse League
|
|
|
Session: June 22 to June 25, 9:00 am to 3:00 pm each day. Location: Loudoun Sports Park – Leesburg, VA.
, rising 7th to 12th graders. Commuter or Residential. Location: Georgetown University – Washington, DC.
Session: July 13 to July 17 (ages 7 to 14). Location: Spring Hill RECenter, McLean, VA.
Overnight or Commuter. Location: George Mason University – Fairfax, VA.
Sessions: (1) June 22 to June 25, 5 pm to 9 pm, (2) June 29 to July 3, 5 9 am to 12 pm and 1 pm to 4 pm. Location: Oakton High School, Vienna, VA.
July 13 to July 16 – 9:00 am to 11:30 am each day. Location: South Lakes HS – Reston, VA.
90,000 Scientists have confirmed that the greatest egoists are those who serve the public good
Why is it cruel to be kind, how to learn how to punish correctly for the good, and what is really on the mind of altruists – says the Science Department of Gazeta.Ru.
American scientists have found out: the altruistic behavior of a person does not always indicate that he wishes good to the people around him, it often happens that altruism is only a cover for the desire to take a dominant position in society and suppress the authority of others.
A study analyzing the “altruistic punishment” model was published in the latest issue of the journal Nature.
In 2004, in the Evolution and Human Behavior magazine, Swiss economists Ernst Fehr and Urs Fischbacher declared to the existence of a special model of human behavior, which was called “altruistic punishment” (English Third-party punishment – TPP). The essence of altruistic punishment, or “punishment by a third party”, boils down to the following: “I punish you for behaving incorrectly towards him.”“Third party” refers to an outside observer whose interests are not affected by the conflict.
Altruists usually punish those who, by their behavior, undermine the existence of accepted norms and interfere with the achievement of the public good.
Swiss economists not only described this model based on the results of experiments, but also put it among the important factors in the development of society. According to scientists, altruistic punishment significantly contributes to the interaction between people. Society moved to higher levels of organization largely due to the ability of people to negotiate with each other, set common goals, and often sacrifice themselves for their achievement. With a high degree of probability, scientists believe that
Altruistic punishment is a general cultural trait and it is inherent in every person, regardless of the type of society in which his personality was formed.
Dutch neuroscientists, based on the study of the neural mechanisms that force a person to follow the norms after being punished by a third party, stated that the modern justice system is based precisely on altruistic punishment. Details of ‘s work can be found on in Nature Neuroscience.
Another aspect of altruistic punishment is the feeling of satisfaction and joy that a person experiences after the conviction of violators of social norms.In terms of the degree of emotional satisfaction, the feeling from the just punishment of egoists is like a whole spectrum of sensations from actions for the sake of loved ones. Even if a person incurs material losses, punishing another for ignoble behavior, this does not in the least reduce the feeling of satisfaction from the perfect. This is proved by the results of the economic game conducted in 2001 by Ernst Fer and Simon Hechter.
Participants in the game were divided into small groups, each of which had one “needy”.Subjects were asked to gamble for money in order to spend the winnings to help group members with limited financial resources. The amount was issued from the general fund of the group. Each of the participants could independently decide how much to allocate to the general fund. The remainders of the winnings were equally distributed among all members of the group: the more funds the subjects allocated, the more they received back. Scientists noticed that in this situation, some participants lost the desire to contribute, as they expected to receive a share of others.The authors of the study gave participants the right to punish dishonest gamblers, but only for money: in order to punish someone, they had to buy this right. The results of the experiment showed that approximately 84% of the participants paid for their opportunity to punish the guilty at least once, more than 34% – five or more times, and
one tenth of all participants showed adherence to principles at a loss about two dozen times.
Recently, a group of economists and psychologists from Harvard and Yale University decided to once again experimentally confirm the existence of a model of altruistic punishment in the mind of an adult.
The attitude “if I condemn someone else’s egoism, I send a signal that I am not selfish towards you” was adopted as the basic one. Like the Swiss scientists, the research team played an economic game with a “needy” participant.The members of the group were assigned roles: the “helpers” had the right to decide whether to give money to the “needy”, and the “punishers” – to pay for the opportunity to punish the “helper” in case of his unwillingness to share. A separate role was played by outside observers who, based on the results of the game, had to choose with whom to enter into cooperation.
Observations of all participants showed that the desire to punish for dishonest behavior is regarded as the degree of reliability of a community member:
observers were more willing to make contact with those who paid for the desire to punish the violator of the norms of public morality.
Scientists have identified new aspects of the model of altruistic punishment: the censure of someone else’s egoism of a third party should be regarded primarily as a statement of their own trustworthiness for society.
Although the behavioral model is called “altruistic”, “sacrificing oneself for the common good” is only an external feature of it. Standing up for the weak, the individual demonstrates his own strength and thereby asserts it as new.
90,000 Law 86-90: From Eisenhower to Obama
Washington continues to count the peoples of the post-Soviet countries
“Enslaved by imperial Moscow.”
Interviewed by colonel of the reserve Igor Plugatarev, freelance correspondent
agency “Vayar”, Moscow
More than 50 years ago, in July 1959, the US Congress passed a resolution
“On the enslaved peoples” of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. She
contained a condemnation of the “Bolshevik regime” in these territories
and a call to the White House to declare the third week of July an annual ‘week
enslaved peoples ”. When the document was signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower,
the resolution became Federal Law No. 86-90.Then this event did a lot
noise. But since then, the “week of solidarity” has been regularly celebrated
in the United States for many years. This law has not been canceled
and to this day. It is noticeable that the American authorities and politicians are actively
use “best practices” on it when building their relationships as
with Russia and with other post-Soviet states
space. On the history of Law No. 86-90, its meaning in opposition
The West and the East, and about today’s “appeals” to him by the United States
and their allies “BVG” says the doctor of historical sciences,
Professor, Head of the Department of History and Politics of European Countries
and America of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO),
Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Vladimir Pechatnov.
– Vladimir Olegovich, the theme of the peoples “enslaved” by the Soviet power
its enemies exploited from the very first days of the arrival of the Bolsheviks
to power. The Soviets themselves, at the same time, branded the Tsarist
The “regime” that allegedly enslaved the peoples of Russia,
and the Bolsheviks de “liberated them from the centuries-old
slavery “… And what was the impetus for the emergence of the US federal law
No. 86-90?
– For the first time, the topic of “enslaved peoples” came to the fore
American political life at the turn of the 1950s, when
the opposition Republican Party launched an offensive
on the foreign policy of the Harry Truman administration, criticizing the doctrine
“Containment of communism” for its allegedly passive and defensive
character.This criticism was part of the anti-Roosevelt campaign.
previous years, in which the right has attacked the politics of the Democrats
on cooperation with the USSR during the war years, depicting
her “pacification of communism.”
Criticism of “containment” had no real basis:
in practice, this strategy, as is now confirmed by numerous
documents and research, was aimed at ousting the USSR
from Central and Eastern Europe. It included a whole
a set of offensive measures to undermine Soviet influence in countries
Central and Eastern Europe and in the western regions of the USSR.Here
there was reconnaissance and sabotage work, and preparation
special partisan units for a future war on these
territories, and support for the anti-Soviet opposition in European
socialist countries, as well as the armed anti-Soviet underground
in the Baltics and Western Ukraine, and stimulating
disagreements within the socialist camp, and information
and psychological warfare – a lot of things.
However, the Truman administration did not disclose these covert operations.
not only because of their secrecy,
but also because of fears of extreme Soviet reaction.Main
containment author George Kennan at a closed meeting at the Pentagon
at the end of 1948 he said: “We cannot openly declare
about overthrowing Soviet influence in Eastern Europe without
to actually call for the overthrow of the existing governments there. it
would directly play into the hands of Soviet propaganda throughout the world. ”
By the way, it is interesting that later, in 1952, Kennan became the US Ambassador
in USSR.
By the beginning of the 1950s, a whole network of departments had developed in the United States.
and organizations engaged in subversive work in Eastern European
and Soviet directions.The tip of this iceberg was National
committee for a free Europe. Suffice it to say that his first
the president was a seasoned intelligence officer and diplomat Dew Clinton Poole, who worked
in Moscow back in 1918 with the notorious British spies
Robert Lockhart and Sydney Rayleigh, and the executive
director – future CIA chief Allen Dulles. It was also listed here
and American Committee for the Liberation of Communism
led by the former director of the East European department
Department of State by Robert Kelly, American Committee for Liberation
peoples of Russia (one of the directors of which was the former ambassador
in Moscow, Admiral Alan Kerk), as well as Radio Liberty
and Free Europe.To this lavishly funded CIA-sponsored network
and the State Department, there were also anti-Soviet emigre
organizations.
– Indeed, a powerful force. But weren’t enough for the Republicans?
– Yes, Republicans did not hesitate to exploit the theme
“Retreats” of the United States in the “cold war” because it promised
them hefty dividends in the fight for the White House in 1952.
Especially – among the newly born Americans – immigrants
from the Baltics and Eastern Europe. The latter have previously voted
mostly for the democrats, and now turned away from them
as from the “party of Yalta”, allegedly “gave” this part of Europe to the Soviet Union.A special department was even created in the Republican campaign headquarters.
on work with ethnic minorities. Leaders of the Baltic
and Western Ukrainian nationalists became an important internal party
pressure group. The main slogan of the Republicans to replace “containment”
became the “liberation of the enslaved peoples” by “throwing away” communism.
– When Eisenhower came to power, this election topic
did not forget?
– On the contrary, Eisenhower’s team, having come to power, deployed
open propaganda in defense of “enslaved peoples”.Secretary of State John
Foster Dulles already in January 1953 publicly pledged support for Washington
in their liberation from the “communist oppression”.
And in February of that year, Eisenhower himself turned
to the Congress with a proposal to adopt a joint resolution
with the condemnation of the “communist empire”. At closed hearings
in Congress, John Dulles defended this measure as a “psychological weapon”
designed to “seize the initiative in the Cold War”, strengthen
what can be called the Soviet “indigestion” of the enslaved world,
and also to eliminate the fears of these peoples themselves that early or
we will betray them later. “However, after the Republicans became
insist on the inclusion of open condemnation in the text of the resolution
Yalta agreements, the White House quietly removed it from the agenda.
– And after Stalin’s death in 1953, this policy was
somehow corrected? Yet in the Soviet Union
the Khrushchev thaw came …
– After Stalin’s death, the administration decided to soften somewhat
tonality of this line: subsequent official statements to this effect, as
usually accompanied by reservations that the United States would not directly intervene
into the process of “liberation”.This shift in emphasis also reflected internal
administration debate on a new strategy
in relation to the USSR, in which two points of view collided.
– What was the dispute about?
– The dispute was not about the goals of American strategy: the parties
agreed (as noted by the planners of the National Security Council –
SNB) that the United States should accept “all possible political, economic,
propaganda and covert measures designed to create
and the use of severe problems for the USSR, undermining
Sino-Soviet relations, complication of control over satellites
and a slowdown in the development of military-economic potential
of the Soviet bloc “.The problem was choosing the most effective
means of achieving these goals. Containment Proponents – Experts
the State Department and the CIA believed that the main stake should be made
to covertly contribute to the internal evolutionary processes of weakening
“The main enemy”, and not on forceful measures
to “throw away” communism.
The Pentagon and the Joint Chiefs of Staff objected to them,
who feared that the “natural erosion” of Soviet control could
turn out to be too long and unpredictable process, and the Soviet
In the meantime, the Union will develop its military-strategic potential,
sufficient for a first strike against the United States, or at least
to gain freedom of action in local wars.While America is still
maintained atomic superiority over the USSR, the military fought for the adoption
urgent “offensive measures” to weaken the Soviet bloc (including the separation
its weak links), without particularly specifying, however, these
measures.
Experienced Eisenhower hesitated. General, he understood logic well
military, but also saw a great risk of open
military pressure on the USSR: it was fraught with new
a world war that would inevitably become nuclear. While
his assistant Ronald Cutler wrote in his diary: “Eisenhower says that
not sure to what extent we can tease the beast
through the lattice of his cage. “
– What decision did Eisenhower come to?
– The President ultimately took the side of “containment” that
was reflected in the new fundamental document of the US strategy –
SNB-162/2, approved in October 1953.
Subsequent revisions of this document have assumed that the preventive
war or the use of force in an effort to destroy the Soviet bloc too
dangerous to the United States itself. Attempts by the military to keep
this opportunity was met with resistance even from a recent herald
“Liberation” by John Dulles.”In some circles,” reads the entry
his speech at a meeting of the National Security Service at the end of 1954, –
it is proposed to go to decisive forceful measures to change the foundations
the Soviet system, as long as we maintain atomic superiority over
enemy. Secretary of State Dulles said that in essence it meant trying
overthrowing the communist regime in China and European satellites
for their separation from the USSR. An attempt to implement such a course will involve the United States
into a general war. ” Even if with the help of such measures it will be possible
to achieve the collapse of the Soviet bloc, Dulles continued, this will not remove the main
threats to the United States – the nuclear potential of the USSR itself, but almost
will surely destroy the “bloc of the free world”, for “our allies will never
will not agree with this course of action. “
– But then the sky-famous events of 1956 arrived
in Hungary …
– Yes, Hungary 1956 and unrest of the same year in Poland
greatly influenced this seemingly verified line of the administration
Eisenhower. I must say more – they put an end to the strategy
“Liberation of the enslaved peoples”, clearly showing that even in the case
serious crises in the socialist camp, the United States will not dare to go
to open forceful intervention in order to “roll back communism.”
Summing up these events, the National Security Council in a special
the report on the situation in Eastern Europe, endorsed by the President,
concluded: “Given the existing relative equilibrium of military power, free
peace and the Soviet bloc use of force of their choice (including
incitement of internal revolutions) to achieve the political goals of the United States
in Eastern Europe is not expected.Therefore, efforts to achieve
these goals are based on the concept of evolutionary development,
and not on the concept of liberation. ”
– How did the immigrants from the countries of Eastern Europe react to this
and the current near abroad?
– Figures of the Galician and other Eastern European lobbies
in the United States were alarmed. They believed that the American administration
“Inadequately” reacted to the events of 1956
and their consequences, has become much more passive than before, that the case
“Liberation” has significantly slowed down.Against this background, they decided
act through Congress, primarily through legislators
from states and districts with a large constituency of voters –
immigrants from Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and Western Ukraine.
– Was this effort initiated by someone in particular?
– A certain Lion became the main initiator of this behind-the-scenes campaign.
Dobriansky, the offspring of immigrants from Galicia, who was born in the United States
in 1918 and was educated at New York
University and Fordham Catholic University under
New York.By the mid-1950s, he was the head
Committee of the Ukrainian Congress of America (one of the leading Ukrainian
nationalist organizations in North America), a consultant
GOP National Committee on Captive Peoples
and was at the same time an assistant professor of economics at Georgetown University.
Apparently, it was in Fordham that he joined the Jesuit order,
acquired useful contacts in the Vatican behind the scenes. A modest
scientific and teaching activities in the Catholic
and the conservative Georgetown Dobriansky successfully combined
socio-political and state work
as a specialist in Soviet affairs and one
from the leaders of the Ukrainian diaspora in the United States.Part of this work took place
behind closed doors. Including – in the army field
intelligence of the United States (the famous “G-2”),
in the reserve of which, according to his official biography, Dobriansky
was from 1948 to 1953. It was during these years
“G-2” was most actively involved in the training of spies
and saboteurs from the so-called displaced persons for throwing
them in the USSR.
For the first time, the idea of involving the Congress in helping “enslaved peoples”
dawned on Dobriansky, by his own admission, in the summer of 1958, when
the disgraced Hungarian ex-Prime Minister Imre was arrested and executed
Nagy.At the suggestion of Dobriansky, Republican Congressman
from the State of Connecticut Cretella introduced a draft resolution calling for
President to declare the independence of nineteen “enslaved peoples.”
But the project got stuck in the House Judiciary Committee, where
he was apparently considered overly radical. Then something restless
Dobriansky and others like him came up with a new, more cunning
option – to limit ourselves to the official condemnation of the Soviet Union as
“Enslaver of peoples”, but turn this action into an annual
ritual of US solidarity with these peoples.There were twenty three of them,
including the peoples of the Baltic States, Transcaucasia, China, Tibet, as well as mythical
Cossacks and Idel-Urals, previously invented by Hitler’s
department of Alfred Rosenberg as part of the plans for the dismemberment of Russia.
However, the list remained open (“… and others”), so, if desired,
could be supplemented as needed.
– Resolution of the Congress “On Captive Nations”, which became
Federal Law No. 86-90, did he also come up with it?
– There is no exact answer to this question for today,
its true authorship remains unclear.If this
and in fact there was a personal initiative of Dobriansky, it is difficult
submit that he did not agree on it with the elders
GOP comrades and related
government agencies. Anyway, the initial draft of the text, judging by
in all, was compiled by Dobriansky himself (for the first time she told about this
the Chicago Tribune newspaper back in July 1959). The resolution passed quickly
profile committees of both chambers and was unanimously (a rare case
in the history of Congress!) approved by the Senate and House of Representatives.Legislators were so eager to have a hand in protecting the “prisoners of the Kremlin” that
none of them even doubted the existence of Cossackia
and Idel-Ural.
– Or maybe it was a deliberate “denseness” of the then
congressmen? After all, to this day they use the practice of double
standards: turn a blind eye to some “unprofitable” things
and open them wide to “profitable”.
– I still think that in the late 1950s no one came up
of them to the map, so at least to see where these Cossacks are
and Idel-Ural … But the point is different.
The high-flown preamble of the adopted document breathed with hatred
to “Russian communism” and immigrant servility
in relation to the United States as a “citadel of human freedom”, to which
“Enslaved peoples” “gaze in anticipation of leadership in achieving
their liberation and independence ”. Finally, resolution
authorized the President to declare the third week of July “the week of the enslaved
peoples “and urge Americans to mark it with” appropriate
ceremonies and actions “. The President was also empowered to continue
issue appropriate proclamations on U.S. Independence Day – 4
July until “until all the enslaved peoples of the world acquire
freedom and independence ”.Congress and the White House seem to have changed
roles: if in 1953 the president turned to legislators
with a call to condemn the “communist empire”, now
Congress asked the head of state for the same.
On July 17, 1959, President Eisenhower issued a proclamation in which
agreed with the resolution and called on the people of the United States
devote this week not only to “relevant ceremonies and promotions”,
but also “the study of the plight of the peoples under
Soviet domination, as well as support for the just aspirations of these
enslaved peoples ”.True, Dobriansky’s text was somewhat
“De-Russified”: instead of “Russian communism” and “communist
Russia “in the presidential proclamation spoke only of” peoples under
Soviet domination ”. It kind of took away national minorities
in the USSR itself from the list of “enslaved peoples”, as well as
obscured the question of the responsibility of historical Russia
for their present condition. The watchful writer noted with sorrow
this is “incorrect” editing. Speaking to the Senate, he accused
in this substitution, the State Department, which, in his words, is clearly
underestimated the strength of “non-Russian nationalism, hostility and resistance”
in Soviet Union.Dobriansky has long advocated inciting anti-Russian
sentiments among the peoples of the USSR, arguing that Marxism and communism –
it is only a “smoke screen” hiding the eternal “tyranny of Muscovy”, and that
“Support for such aspirations on the outskirts of the (Soviet) empire
in the immediate vicinity of her heart should be the most
the main priority of our psychological and other efforts. ”
– Many emigrants from Russia already lived in America at that time. How
did they react to the “Dobriansky resolution”?
– Dobriansky’s Russophobic sting was not a secret for those in the know
of people.The resolution was condemned by a leading Russian organization
emigration to the USA – the Congress of Russian Americans, categorically
objecting to the identification of the Russian people with communism
and suggesting that he be considered a victim of the communist regime. Many Russians
Americans in their letters to newspapers and Congress noted
Nazi origin of the classification of “enslaved peoples” and resembled
about the decisive contribution of the Russian people to the defeat of the common mortal
enemy – Hitlerite fascism.
But even among the Native Americans there were those who clearly distinguished
the real motives of the organizers of this campaign.Let’s say the leading American
an expert on Russia (mentioned above George Kennan) wrote
in her memoirs that her soul was “fugitives and emigrants (including
including the last wave) from non-Russian regions of the post-war
The Soviet Union, as well as from some Eastern European countries. ”
“They were obsessed with the idea,” he pointed out, “that the United States should
for their sake, start a war with the Russian people in the name of complete collapse
the traditional Russian state and planting itself as
new ruling regimes in the “liberated” territories ”.
The expert also wrote that “a prominent place among these elements was occupied by
Ukrainians, and especially – immigrants from Galicia and Transcarpathia,
who, having no other arena of political activity, appropriated
belonging to Ukraine. On many occasions they have had
religious and political reasons for hatred of Russia ”. “Hard
come up with something worse than what these people wanted, – concluded
Kennan. – It would be the greatest folly to oppose
not only to the Soviet regime, but also to the most powerful
and the numerous ethnic group of the traditional Russian land, and do it
on behalf of national extremists who would never
did not agree among themselves, and in most cases –
could not stay in power under the pressure of Russian revenge,
except for constantly relying on American bayonets … “.
It is clear that not everyone in government Washington shared the same
this is the opinion of Kennan, who was reputed to be a Russophile, although sometimes corrected
militant nationalists (including – and already
noted case of the presidential proclamation). Eisenhower in his
memoir recalls that he reacted to the resolution as a whole sympathetically,
but would prefer to postpone its adoption for a while.
The fact was that the document was adopted on the eve of the visit to the USSR
Vice President of the United States Richard Nixon. He was invited to participate
at the opening of the first American exhibition in Sokolniki Park, which
both Moscow and Washington attached great importance.“The timing of this action on the eve of Nixon’s departure to Moscow
and just before the opening of the American exhibition was
talentless, – lamented retroactively the Bureau of Operations Coordination under the NSS
(responsible for interdepartmental coordination of psychological operations
war). – Her coordination was between two chairs. Congress
originally meant the week around July 4th and even
did not consult the Senate Foreign
relations. No one from the leadership of the Department of State and Information
US agency apparently did not deal with coordination and scheduling issues.The White House limited itself to the formal signing of the proclamation by the president. ”
– That is, they also have confusion and inconsistencies there,
like ours …
– Apparently, yes, but one way or another, but in Moscow they saw
this is not the fruit of bureaucratic confusion, but a conscious
provocation specially timed to coincide with the visit of the American
vice president. The head of the CPSU and the Soviet government Nikita
Khrushchev was so outraged by the actions of the American authorities that he publicly
questioned the expediency of Nixon’s visit to Moscow.Nixon, however,
did not refrain from traveling, as is customary to do in such cases.
The Vice President told Eisenhower that despite the
difficulties, he is “full of optimism and even eager to go.”
In Moscow, this mood of Nixon diminished. All his conversations
with Soviet leaders began with their angry rebuffs
to the White House and Congress, which allowed themselves such
demonstrative anti-Soviet attack during the period of the beginning of improvement
relations between the two countries. The famous for his
impetuosity Nikita Sergeevich: he invested considerable political capital
into detente with the USA and now felt cheated
provocative actions of Washington.Such calls, he said, in fact
“Incite the peoples against their governments, as well as against the Soviet
government and the Soviet people ”. These attempts are in vain, for “the peoples live
not by the grace of the United States, and America cannot change
their system, unless she wants to start a war. ” But such
actions are dangerous, Khrushchev continued, as they escalate tensions
and make the Soviet Union “keep the powder dry.”
– And how did Nixon respond to these “knocking
boot “?
– Nixon tried to pass the resolution off as a peaceful competition of ideas
and liken it to the Soviet declarations of the superiority of socialism
over capitalism.But his arguments were unsuccessful. Khrushchev named these
arguments are “naive” even from the point of view of him, a “former miner”,
not to mention the norms of legal logic befitting Nixon as
a lawyer by training.
Another, more confidential explanation did not help either.
Vice President that “President Eisenhower knowingly
excluded from his proclamation the mention of the territories that now belong to
into the USSR, which was contained in the resolution of the Congress ”
(It was not in vain that Dobriansky lamented so much about this!).Khrushchev did not appreciate
this “concession” of the Americans. During communication with Muscovites
in the presence of an American guest every now and then
sarcastically asked his compatriots if they thought
yourself as slaves? And triumphantly looked at the interlocutor when they heard
indignant answers of ordinary Soviet people. Real slaves, Nikita said
Sergeevich, are the peoples of Western countries, languishing under oppression
capitalism.
His controversy with Nixon continued throughout his visit,
including – at the exhibition itself in Sokolniki during
heaven-famous “kitchen debate”.Did not lag behind
from Nikita Sergeevich and Soviet propaganda exposing
provocative venture of the American authorities.
– American “free” media, probably, actively responded to these
exposure?
– Propaganda hype around the “enslaved peoples” continued
in the United States, primarily under the dome of the Capitol. The adoption of the resolution was
greeted with a chorus of approval that was mingled with indignation
about the protests of the Soviet authorities in relation to this document.
These days Dobriansky and other anti-Soviet immigrant activists
organizations praised the courage and integrity of American
lawmakers who have thrown down a bold challenge to the “Kremlin imperialists”.
Stefan Korbonski – Head of the Assembly of the Enslaved European
peoples – burst into a tirade about the timeliness of the action
Congress: the resolution was adopted at the very moment when “in the process
preparing the next steps of expansion, the Soviet rulers seek to strengthen
rule over its Eastern European foothold with US sanction
and their allies on their conquests, and when Western countries
receive advice from the faint-hearted and desperate to follow the so-called course
realism and recognize the fait accompli that the West supposedly
unable to change. ““We have no illusion that these
actions will give immediate practical results, – concluded
Korbonski – but we believe that in a longer
perspective Western political and diplomatic pressure
combined with the constant pressure of our peoples from within, will
a powerful force that can wear down even the most stubborn enemy. ” What
and to speak, Korbonski grasped well the essence of the exhausting strategy that lay
at the heart of “containment.”
Another supporter of the resolution – Dmytro Galichin – head of the Conference
Americans – Central and Eastern Europeans –
assured lawmakers that “only sincere support for the enslaved peoples
in their struggle against Soviet Russian imperialism can
prevent further conquest and aggression from outside
communist Russia “.
We were in a hurry to register as defenders of the “enslaved peoples”
and the legislators themselves. The sponsors of the resolution were pleased to note that
hit “the most sore spot of Mr. Khrushchev” and called
the Soviet leader to the liberation of his own people. Congressman Jud was
even more direct: “The time has come to send another encouraging signal to the enslaved
peoples. We need to remind everyone more often – our allies, neutrals or
opponents (who may mistake our politeness for weakness) –
and especially those behind the “iron curtain” that we will never
let us not forget and let them down. “
The New York Times, in its editorial, perhaps
most accurately expressed the main political implications of the adopted resolution:
“The main goal of the foreign policy of Khrushchev, and before him – Stalin,
is to get the West to recognize the legitimacy
and the irreversibility of communist territorial conquests, so
radically changed the face of the world over the past two decades.
That we will constantly celebrate the week of the enslaved peoples,
testifies to the failure of these attempts. “
The point of view of the authors whose comments are published under the heading
“Experts of MGIMO Speak” may not coincide with the opinion of the portal’s editorial board.
90,000 Summer English for Teens at Haverford College Summer School Julian Krinsky
Xploration Program
Unique, unusual combination course is ideal for active and curious students 10-13 years old, helping them create a truly interesting and memorable summer vacation.The course program for students offers a whole range of amazing cognitive lessons, lectures and master classes on different topics and areas – everyone will find something to their liking! This program combines sports, creativity, applied sciences and crafts, and learning English in a comfortable, friendly environment. A flexible and flexible class schedule allows each student to create their own unique plan in accordance with personal preferences, interests and goals.
During the course, students are offered several different directions and topics of study:
- Art and Design
- Tennis
- Computer literacy (Computers)
- Choreography and Yoga (Dance and Yoga)
- Cooking
- Sports Experience
- Fashion
- School of English
- Science
- Photography
- French language, literature and culture (French).
Also, depending on the specifics of a particular course (new subjects are added every year!), Students may be offered the following electives:
- Algebra
- Making a film
- Mandarin Chinese
- Baseball
- Football (American or soccer)
- Basketball
- Drama & Performing Arts
- Business
- Science Experiments
- Mechanical Engineering & Robotics
- Drawing & Illustration
- General Fitness
- T-shirt Graphic Design
- Musical Theater
- The video game revolution.
601 Geometric Writing
Music Theater
601 Geometric Writing
DJ
Each student chooses the 2 most attractive and interesting directions for himself. 1 course is taught in the morning (from 9:30 to 12:00), the second in the afternoon (13: 30-16: 00): 1 lesson takes 2.5 hours, that is, the weekly load is 12.5 hours. The approximate schedule of the day looks like this:
- 7:45 – rise
- 8:15 – breakfast and morning gathering, preparation for classes, arrival of full-time students
- 9: 30-12: 00 – morning block of courses
- 12: 00 – lunch
- 13:30 – 16:00 – evening block of courses
- 16:00 – sports and leisure activities, electives, games
- 17:15 – general evening meeting
- 18:00 – dinner
- 19: 00 – entertainment and leisure activities on campus or off campus.
Allen Iverson wanted to become a gangsta rapper. He was thwarted by riots and the NBA ban – Lantern – Blogs
I will sing my music.
In the spring of 2000, before the sixth match of the Philadelphia – Indiana series, the radio host of one of the Philadelphia stations, Ria Hughes, examined questions from the audience. She came across a strange letter from a former math teacher who introduced himself as “a long-time hater of Philadelphia sports.” He began by questioning Allen Iverson’s intelligence, then recalled the dubious story of the player’s appearance in Georgetown … Hughes was about to hit delete, but for some reason continued to read on.The addressee wrote that he wanted to take away Iverson’s daughter, cut her into pieces and send her to the ’76s’ star in a box. She immediately called the club, and the FBI was already connected there.
At the end of the sixth match – Philadelphia lost (90: 106) – Iverson was on the bench. He covered his head with a towel and burst into tears. His mother immediately ran up to him and hugged him from behind. With a siren, they left the hall together.
Season 99/2000 – another abyss of emotional despair for Iverson.
He fought with Larry Brown all year.The head coach pressed him, sent him to the bench, threw ultimatums at the leadership – Iverson answered him with standard delays, phoned in training, solved purely individual problems on the court, namely, he filled statistics and came off at those who he did not like.
He drove Billy King to the point where the general manager spoke out loud about the star trade. It was rumored that Iverson might leave for Detroit in exchange for Grant Hill or the Clippers for Lamar Odom. Iverson publicly responded with curses and promised in this case to take revenge on Philadelphia with 50-point escapades.
He was not taken to the Olympic team. In retaliation, Iverson shot 45 points from Ray Allen’s Bucks (who was taken).
The passion of the miniature hero was never questioned – Iverson played in the playoffs with a broken toe, and at the same time did not think to deviate from the usual spectacular and traumatic style. But the novelty of sensations by this moment had already evaporated: it ceased to be a solution and seemed for the most part a problem; a solid, respected coach could not re-educate him and more than once admitted that he could not influence him; all his successes were purely local or garbage-statistical; the number of people who still considered him misunderstood and tried to find a compromise, organized one-on-one meetings between him and the coach, called to become more serious – was reduced to one.Only the president of the club, Pat Croce, believed in Iverson – and only because he understood that there was never anyone more popular in the history of Philadelphia. In the summer of 2000, Larry Brown signed a multi-year agreement with the 76ers, and it finally became clear that it was now his team.
At the same time, Philadelphia traded Iverson for Detroit as part of a trade involving the Lakers, Pistons and Hornets (the 76s got Eddie Jones and Glen Rice).
Pat Croce, the only one with whom the rebel star remained normal, dialed him.
– I’m terribly sorry, Bubba, but they are changing you.
He expected him to swear, and was surprised at the reaction.
– Pat, I just turned twenty-five. If you really want to turn me off on ###, get at least someone who is better than me, who will help the team. But if you change me because of all this minor shit like being late, missing from training, then I can change all that. I want to go back and I want to be a captain, I’m going to get married, I’ll start all over again.
Iverson was lucky.
The 76s traded him with Matt Geiger. He had a 15% trade kicker clause in his contract. The premium was supposed to be paid by the Pistons, but they agreed to exchange only if the player refuses the money owed. Geiger chose to stay at Philadelphia.
Iverson started a new life by dumping Magic Johnson.
That summer he befriended the legend and became increasingly influenced by him.Johnson taught that training is very beneficial. He talked about how important it is to value friendly relations with the owner. I paid tribute to the coaches who know how to get to the bottom of everyone and enrage, but at the same time motivate.
In August, Magic came to the Jay Leno show and advertised an upcoming charity match there. He promised that Allen Iverson would also play in it. When it came down to it, his new friend never showed up.
“I figured out what the problem was,” Johnson later explained.- His entourage considered me a threat. These guys were supposed to make him play my match, but they decided differently. I explained to Allen that it is impossible to reach a certain level if you are surrounded by people who have never been there. I am constantly asked how to achieve this. Allen also asked. And I explained to him that, first of all, I do not connect with the environment. If you come to meet me, then you come to meet me. Without all these guys. When I met with businessmen, I came on time, in a suit and tie, knew the materiel, did not wear trousers and did not bring a hundred guys with me. “
Shortly thereafter, they crossed paths by accident.
“Magic, please don’t be mad at me. Call me as before. ”
Iverson looked so timid that Johnson decided to give him another chance.
Further, Iverson was already guided by him as his ideal. He bought a new home next door to the Philadelphia executives. Started planning a wedding. Asked Larry Brown to let him become captain.
And he recorded a rap album with his friends – he himself perceived it as an adult act in the style of Johnson: instead of just giving money to the environment, he helped them fulfill their dream and reveal themselves in the musical sphere.
***
The track “40 bars” appeared in radio rotation in September 2000. The album was scheduled for release in February.
Oddly enough, the musical level was not questioned. After that, Vibe magazine awarded him quite worthy three stars and opposed both the stupid rhymes from Shak and the dubious Kobe style.
Another thing was striking.
“Man enough to pull a gun, be man enough to use it”.
“Come with fagot tendencies, you be sleeping where the maggots be”
“Get money, kill and fuck bitches / I’m hitting anything and planning on using my riches”.
Philadelphia started training camp, but nobody was interested.
Activists of the Philadelphia branch of the Working Group on Lesbian and Gay Issues, representatives of Racial Unity, as well as the Martin Luther King Non-Violence Association staged pickets first near the WPHI-FM radio station (103.9), and then showed up for the preseason game at Penn State University. Iverson himself, however, was offended by something else – in an article condemning his music in the Philadelphia Inquirer, Pat Croce was quoted: “Yes, the words of the song do not seem too positive. This is fraught with problems. ” Even his close friend Spike Lee refused it – the director called the hardcore rap performed by the star “a new form of minstrel poetry.”
The negative response was taken by surprise.
Iverson went into lengthy explanations, for him uncharacteristically eloquent.
“Nobody in journalism understands hip-hop because you all don’t want to understand hip-hop” …
“This is for people who love, understand and respect hip-hop. If it’s not you, then you don’t need to buy the album. Why doesn’t anyone ask me about my charity work this summer? ”…
“Rappers use fagot as a synonym for weak.” It has nothing to do with sexual orientation. I have a gay relative and I didn’t want to offend him ”…
“I just use brightly colored vocabulary.This is an art form. Bruce Willis does not do the same things in reality as in the movies? It’s the same “…
“Why didn’t anyone picket when Rick Fox played the killer in Oz?” …
Iverson saw himself as a showman. He shared play on set and creativity outside. Even the album itself came out for the authorship of Jewelz – Iverson named his rap alter ego in honor of the character who stands for justice, Samuel L. Jackson from the Tarantino film. The record was also originally called in tune with Tarantino’s film – “Non-fiction”: its author talked about the violence of the streets, but not that he called for it.ChuckD of Public Enemy once said that hip-hop is a ghetto version of CNN: 70% of the audience are white guys from wealthy families, for whom this music is a safe way to experience another world. Iverson reminded of this, fiercely argued with journalists and openly reproached them with bias towards blacks who prefer the “form of hip-hop.”
The unequivocal condemnation of the media led to the highest intervention – Iverson was summoned to New York, on the carpet to David Stern.
Theo Ratliff accompanied the captain and remembered the key moment of the meeting.
The agent quickly lost his temper and started yelling: “If you release this crap, I will kill you.”
“See, I don’t think you’ll actually kill me,” Iverson replied. – You just want to look cool and bully. Just like me on the record. ”
Once again, Iverson is squeezed between cultural and generational tectonic plates. What was perceived allegorically in his world was considered homophobia and misogyny.For everyone – first of all, for the journalists who hated him in unison and did not accept him – his off-court antics were directly related to the rejection of his game. The man who was so obviously pulling on himself, got involved in all conflicts and did not respect the coach, not only encroached on the ideal basketball from Larry Bird, but was generally portrayed as a fiend of the ghetto.
Stern threatened with disqualification.
Iverson had to apologize personally (which was especially striking due to the fact that the general manager of the WPHI-FM radio station simply disappeared) – he came to a meeting with the offended activists and asked for their forgiveness.He also signed autographs.
Initially, the agent demanded that all anti-social rhetoric be removed from the plate. Iverson seemed to go for it, but then he realized that it would mean agreeing with everything that happened and submitting to force – that is, making himself a “fagot” in the eyes of the crowd.
Officially, the album – first “Non-fiction”, and after meeting with Stern “Misunderstood” – never came out.
***
Everyone turned away from Iverson except his teammates.
As a captain, he was unexpectedly reborn.
Loved the training process. Now Iverson came in early, gave all the best and spent a lot of time with partners after.
Began to give all the best in defense. Vernon Maxwell came to the team, spoke the same language with Iverson and infected everyone with hyperaggressive defense.
I started losing less, getting rid of the ball faster and not thinking about my own performance. Larry Brown told everything and told how the next idiots in the stands begged Iverson to leave himself, but he stopped listening to them.
“I already have the title of top scorer, I was at the All-Star Game. Now I want to win the title. ”
In the winter, Philadelphia hit Dallas with a score of 17-5 – 94: 112. Brown made a powerful blast in the locker room and was very surprised when a renewed Iverson got up. The leader of the 76s, on behalf of the team, said that the coach himself was to blame for the defeat, who did not come up with anything to restrain Dirk Nowitzki (37 points). At breakfast the next day, he added: “We have the best record in the league, but you treat us like we come in last place.Everyone is afraid to say a word to you, so that you do not just cut their playing time. Stop whining like a little bitch. ”
At this point, Brown took a short vacation and seriously thought about how to complete the work. He was surprised to find that, unlike previous clashes, the entire team was now on the side of the leader. Billy King and Croce tried to call the coach, but every time his wife came up. “He can’t talk to you. He’s too upset. ” The coach had a similar story at Indiana, where he had a falling out with Miller and Rose – after which he simply left the team claiming the title.
The managers told Iverson about this throwing. He reacted unequivocally: “This chmoshnik wants to throw us. Well, fuck him. ”
It took Croce days to convince the coach to return – Brown missed two practice sessions and redefined his attitude to team management. And to her swanky leader.
As soon as he stopped pressing and stamping his feet, Iverson suddenly felt love and respect for the coach.
Brown paid tribute to the effort – Iverson did not participate in a principled shootout with Stephon Marbury.
Brown found a spot for the Iverson-Marbury mini-backcourt at the All-Star Game – Iverson, receiving the MVP prize, immediately started yelling: “Where is my coach? All this would have been impossible without him. ”
Brown asked for his opinion on the exchange of Ratliff for Mutombo – Iverson admitted that he should do as he saw fit.
By the playoffs, their relationship reached a new level and became the main factor in moving the team forward.
“Pacers” crushed Iverson with double-teams, he scored only 16 – the next day he came to training first, he and Brown made out the match together and in the second game the point guard was already getting the balls in motion, coming out from under the screens, and immediately went to defeat.
Oakley knocked Iverson out early in the seventh game in the series with the Raptors, so that he could not jump normally and lost the shot – he suddenly turned into a classic point guard, made 16 assists and allowed McKee to become the most productive on the team.
Ray Allen elbowed him in the jaw in the fourth game of the series with Milwaukee – Iverson spat blood but scored 11 of Philadelphia’s last 13 points. And then, already clearly lame – 44 + 7 + 6 in the last sixth game.
The iversomania virus was at its peak: the most popular basketball player after Jordan has now also revealed himself in an unusual winning status.
Even those very journalists began to admit the obvious, now they wrote that Iverson had matured and changed.
Milwaukee Fans at Game 6
They kept writing that Philadelphia had no chance of avoiding 0-4 in the final.
Few of them realized that Iversonomania sounded so loud exactly because Iverson never changed himself.
“What is behind the aggression in the ending? Poverty. Life”.
“Do I feel pressure? I’ve seen so much shit in my life that I can hardly be stressed out by one ###### game. “
“How do I feel? Like shit. But when I step out on the floor, I will not feel anything. ”
Iverson was the same as before. The one who fiercely defended his tattoos when the league covered them up in photographs. The same who cleverly defended the album when it was trashed before its release. The one who invariably defended his surroundings, style of dress and scandalous behavior. The only thing that has changed a bit is the game. But this also happened only because he himself made those around him look for an approach to him and seemed to reciprocate those who won his trust, letting him know that they only wanted to help.
With exactly the same attitude, he entered that final.
– Probably nice when the audience accepts you so well?
– I don’t care. All that matters to me is what my family, my friends, my partners think of me … Being Allen Iverson is not easy. Everyone looks at you, analyzes your every action, criticizes you for every swear word when you get angry. You are made to feel like you are some kind of villain, you are the smallest person on the set, but at the same time the biggest villain in life.
Iverson entered the first leg humming Tupac – “One against the whole world.”
The fans were holding brooms in the stands. He noticed them.
They began to boo him. He smiled.
He was not given a foul. He just clapped and looked up.
Then there will be 48 points. 7 points in a row in overtime. The three-pointer, which brought the 76s forward. And two points from the corner – a point in the game, and also the moment when Iverson stepped over his own psychological point over the fallen Tyrone Liu.
The Lakers defender came out to stop him and almost got his way, and in the end he also started to bully – he showed twice that he took the ball away from the Philadelphia leader. Iverson could not forgive such a thing.
That match and that episode will ultimately remain Iverson’s most important accomplishments on the court.
Iverson will be the ideal ghetto basketball player for those very white Americans gaining safe access to the other world. His sincerity will turn out to be piercing: not only his clothes, everything in his behavior, every step, every step over confirmed that all this comes from the depths.His mistakes will become part of the image: Iverson apologized only when he was forced to do this, but mostly alcoholic spree, 35% from the game, clashes with the coach, tears of sincere repentance, endless showdowns with his wife only excluded any artificial interference of any PR. Its uniqueness would be too compelling to pass it by: self-improvement is masturbation, Allen “Tyler Durden” Iverson was leading Project Mayhem against the mythical establishment, and there was something real about it.His personal war will be mesmerizing: in the end it turned out that Iverson could exist in the “one against all” format. And he is completely captivated by the fact that it seemed to him that it really was absolutely certain to put on everything with the device – he forever left behind the prize of “the smallest player in the league who considers himself above the rest.”
Iverson did not try to please, had an amazing fearlessness (and always played as if it was the last time) and a feature characteristic of all the controversial heroes of that era – like some Marilyn Manson, he calmly and thoughtfully justified any of his outrageousness.It is customary to say that the era of hip-hop began with him in the NBA, but this does not seem to be a compliment: the most amazing thing about Iverson has always been that he existed, as it were, parallel to the general paradigm of the league – he did not claim to be the prophet of ghetto culture, he did not especially resonated with any kind of feedback, whether it came from fans or management. Iverson is a unique experience and lifestyle, and the story with the album is one of the brightest and most detailed examples of how unbearable, or rather even impossible, any compromise for him, any variant of cooperation with the world in which he found himself thanks to his genius …
In the 2001 finals, Iverson met with an antipode – a very correct one, who grew up in a wealthy family, who knows how to give pleasant interviews and everyone was still beloved Kobe. Suddenly, it turned out that informality was much more in demand: his sneakers sold the best, his jerseys brought more than a million and left behind all the athletes, sales of Reebok, although the company abandoned Shaq, grew by 20%. At Reebok, they watched the war with the coach and excessive alcohol consumption all year, but then they dropped all doubts.In the summer, they signed a life-long agreement, and with a full understanding of who they were dealing with: in addition to the 800 thousand a year that was due, Iverson was supposed to receive $ 32 million after 55 years – 15 years later, it turned out that only this would save him from bankruptcy.
Photo: instagram.com/theofficialai3; REUTERS / Allen Fredrickson; Gettyimages.ru/Otto Greule Jr / Allsport (3,8), Newsmakers, SGranitz / WireImage, Henri Szwarc / Bongarts, Ezra O. Shaw / Allsport (7,10,11), Jonathan Daniel / Allsport
Beach is… What is Rehoboth Beach?
Rehoboth Beach (eng. Rehoboth Beach ) is a city in Sussex County, Delaware, USA. According to the 2010 census, the population was 1,327 inhabitants, a decrease of 11.2% compared to 2000 [1] . The city is part of the Seaford Statistical Territory.
Rehoboth Beach is a popular holiday destination, and during the summer vacation season its population within the city limits exceeds 25,000, several thousand people stay in the vicinity of the city [2] .
History
In 1872, the Reverend Robert Todd, of St. Paul’s Church in Wilmington, being very weak from several weeks of camp meetings with a preacher (a form of meeting with a preacher in which all rituals were performed in the open air, sometimes under a tarp stretched on stakes, in a kind of temporary camp-temple (an early form of worship among the settlers) visited the Ocean Grove Camp located on the banks of Jersey. Returning to St.Paul, having largely restored his health and spirit, he recounted his experience in preaching using the words: “And the sea spoke.”
He was inspired by the idea of creating a Christian coastal resort for the inhabitants of this peninsula and surrounding regions, thus the resort would be located on the seashore somewhere between Cape Hanlopen ( Henlopen ) at the Delaware Bay estuary and Cape Charles at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. … Reverend Todd knew that a few years ago there was an attempt to create a watering hole near Rehoboth Bay, where Dewey Beach is now located ( Dewey Beach ), so he began to look for land in the area that would be suitable for this purpose.
His obsession with creating a meeting and recreation camp became so intense that his thoughts became a dream. He was aware that he “visited” a place completely suitable for these purposes, which was subsequently acquired. Oddly enough, when he actually visited the site, the topography he saw matched what he saw in his dream, although the place he saw in his dream turned out to be one mile north of Rehoboth Bay. And so on January 27, 1873, the Rehoboth Beach Eaten Methodist Episcopal Church Meeting Camp was established with the primary purpose of religious meetings during the summer months.These meetings were the reason for the creation of the city, which was laid in the form of a fan with wide streets, parks and large spaces. These land parcels were inscribed in Georgetown and thus marked the birth of Rehoboth Beach. The name, of course, was taken from Rehoboth Bay, which was so named in the 17th century by English explorers from the Virginia colony who were looking for a way to the west. The unknown captain who discovered the bay took the name for it from the Bible, Genesis, XXVI: 22. (In Hebrew, Rehobot means wide place.) [3]
History of the city of Richbot Beach
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.1 km²), of which 1.2 square miles (3.1 km²) is land area and 0.5 square miles (1.3 km²) ) of its (28.48%) water areas. Rehoboth Beach is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Henlopen Lands ( Henlopen Acres ) to the north, and outside Sussex County to the west and south ( Sussex County ).Also to the north of Rehoboth Beach is Cape Henlopen Park, in the south is the city of Dewey Beach ( Dewey Beach ). [4]
| Distance to other settlements | ||
|---|---|---|
| New York – 238 km | Los Angeles – 3883 km | Chicago – 1124 km |
| Houston 2110 – Km | Philadelphia 144 – Km | Phoenix – 3352 km |
| San Antonio – 2385 km | San Diego – 3821 km | Dallas – 2061 km |
| San Jose – 4058 km | Jacksonville – 1110 km | Indianapolis – 961 km |
Demographics
The population in 2010 in the city of Rehoboth Beach was 1327, which is 11.2% less than the population of this city in 2000, which was then 1495.
The number of men living in the city is 685 people (51.6%), women 642 (48.4%). The average increase for a resident of the city of Rehoboth Beach is 59.1 years.
The approximate median household income in 2009 was $ 66,844 (in 2000 it was $ 51,429).
Estimated per capita income in 2009 was $ 67,715.
The population of the city is mainly represented by white Americans, but also to a small extent Spanish, Asians and African Americans live in the city.
| Population Rehoboth Beach | |
|---|---|
| White | 1.257 (94.7%) |
| Spanish | 48 (3.6%) |
| Asian | 9 (0.7%) |
| African American | 7 (0.5%) |
| Indians | 3 (0.2%) |
| People combing themselves into 2 or more races | 3 (0.2%) |
Ancestors: English (28.7%), Irish (23.7%), Germans (17.3%), Italians (6.5%), US residents (5.3%), Poles (5, 2%).
According to statistics, Rehoboth Beach residents 25 years and older graduated from:
Secondary School: 91.3%
Bachelor’s degree: 44.0%
Higher or vocational education: 22.2%
Unemployment for 2012 is 7.5% (in Delaware – 7.1%) of the total population. which is a fairly large indicator for this city in the last 12 years, since from 2000 to 2007, unemployment fluctuated between 3.2% – 3.7%, after which there was a large jump to 7.9 in 2010 and decline to 7.3% in 2011. [5]
Facts
- Is a kind of capital of sexual minorities on the east coast of the United States.
- This town is remarkable for the fact that a large number of students from the CIS countries and Europe come there in the summer under the Work and Travel USA student exchange program. Practically all waiters, ice cream sellers, housekeepers, shopkeepers in boutiques and supermarkets, and employees in amusement parks are Russian-speaking in these three summer months in this city.It starts in mid-May and lasts until the end of September
- During the summer period, 3 churches located in Rehoboth Beach and 1 church in Lewes hold charity dinners especially for international students, where they not only feed, but also distribute bicycles, bicycle helmets (since most students ride bicycles to work).
Notes
References
| Delaware | ||
|---|---|---|
| Capital | Dover | |
| Largest cities | Delaware City • Dover • Harrington • Louis • Milford • New Castle • Newark • Rehoboth Beach • Seaford • Wilmington | |
| Minor cities | Arden • Ardencroft • Ardentown • Bowers • Bellfont • Bethany Beach • Bethel • Blades • Bridgeville • Viola • Wyoming • Woodside • Greenwood • Dugsboro • Delmar • Georgetown • Dewey Beach • Camden • Kenton • Clayton • Leyton Creek • Laurel • Magnolia • Middletown • Millville • Millsboro • Milton • Newport • Odessa • Ocean View • South Bethany • Selbyville • Slaughter Beach • Townsend • Farmington • Felton • Fenwick Island • Frankord • Frederica • Hlopen -Aikres • Houston • Cheswold • Ellendale • Ellesmere | |
| Counties | ||
| Related articles | Geography • Geology • Airports • Highways • State Parks • Geology • History • Colony of Delaware • Culture • Legislation • Governors • Senators • Symbols • Flag • Seal | |
.
