Gap Armour Reviews: Comprehensive Guide to Expansion Joint Fillers

What are expansion joint fillers. How do they work in construction projects. Which materials are commonly used for gap armour. Where are expansion joint fillers typically installed. Why is proper sealing crucial for structural integrity.

Understanding Expansion Joint Fillers: Types and Applications

Expansion joint fillers, also known as gap armour, play a crucial role in construction projects by allowing for structural movement and preventing damage. These materials are designed to fill the gaps between concrete slabs, walls, and other building components, accommodating thermal expansion and contraction as well as settling and seismic activity.

Common types of expansion joint fillers include:

• Compression seals
• Polybutylene-impregnated foam
• Ethylene vinyl acetate foam
• Pre-molded fillers
• Pourable sealants

Each type has its own advantages and is suited for different applications depending on factors such as joint width, expected movement, and environmental conditions.

Where are expansion joint fillers typically used?

Expansion joint fillers find applications in various structures, including:

• Highways and bridges
• Building foundations and walls
• Parking structures
• Industrial floors
• Tanks and reservoirs
• Dams and canals

The Importance of Proper Joint Sealing in Construction

Sealing joints is not just about filling gaps; it’s a critical aspect of structural integrity and functionality. According to ACI 504R-901.4, “The introduction of joints creates openings which must usually be sealed in order to prevent passage of gases, liquids or other unwanted substances into or through the openings.”

Why is joint sealing so crucial? Here are some key reasons:

1. Protection against weather elements
2. Prevention of water infiltration
3. Preservation of structural integrity
4. Enhancement of building energy efficiency
5. Reduction of maintenance costs

Properly sealed joints contribute to the longevity and performance of buildings and infrastructure, making them an essential component of modern construction practices.

Installation Techniques for Compression Seals

Compression seals are a popular choice for expansion joint fillers due to their durability and flexibility. The installation process requires precision and attention to detail to ensure optimal performance.

How are compression seals installed?

The installation of compression seals involves several key steps:

1. Joint preparation: Ensure uniform width, straight edges, and clean surfaces
2. Lubricant application: Apply a neoprene-based lubricant to facilitate insertion
3. Seal positioning: Place the seal vertically over the joint opening
4. Insertion: Press down and forward to force the seal into the opening
5. Depth adjustment: Install the seal at the specified depth, typically slightly below the surface

It’s crucial to avoid twisting, folding, or excessive stretching of the seal during installation. Proper technique ensures the seal maintains its effectiveness and longevity.

Specialized Gap Armour Solutions: Trim-A-Slab and Arrowjoint

While compression seals are widely used, specialized products like Trim-A-Slab and Arrowjoint offer unique solutions for specific applications. These systems are designed to provide enhanced protection and aesthetic appeal in various construction scenarios.

What are the benefits of Trim-A-Slab?

Trim-A-Slab is an innovative joint protection system that offers several advantages:

• Improved edge protection for concrete slabs
• Enhanced load transfer between adjacent slabs
• Reduced maintenance requirements
• Sleek, professional appearance

How does Arrowjoint differ from traditional joint fillers?

Arrowjoint is a specialized expansion joint system that provides unique benefits:

• Superior water-tightness
• Excellent resistance to chemicals and UV radiation
• Ability to accommodate multi-directional movement
• Easy installation and maintenance

The Role of Expansion Joint Fillers in Fire Safety

In recent years, the fire resistance of joint sealing systems has become an increasingly important consideration, especially in high-rise buildings. Expansion joint fillers play a crucial role in preventing the spread of flames, smoke, and toxic fumes during fire events.

How do fire-resistant expansion joint fillers work?

Fire-resistant expansion joint fillers are designed to maintain their integrity and performance under extreme heat conditions. They typically incorporate materials that:

• Expand when exposed to high temperatures, sealing off gaps
• Provide insulation to slow the spread of heat
• Release flame-retardant chemicals when heated
• Maintain structural stability under fire conditions

By incorporating fire-resistant properties into expansion joint fillers, building designers can enhance overall fire safety and potentially save lives in emergency situations.

Environmental Considerations in Expansion Joint Filler Selection

As sustainability becomes increasingly important in construction, the environmental impact of expansion joint fillers is coming under scrutiny. Manufacturers are developing eco-friendly options that maintain performance while reducing environmental footprint.

What are some environmentally friendly expansion joint filler options?

Several environmentally conscious expansion joint filler solutions are emerging:

• Recycled rubber-based fillers
• Bio-based polyurethane sealants
• Low-VOC (volatile organic compound) formulations
• Recyclable and reusable joint protection systems

These options allow construction projects to meet sustainability goals without compromising on joint protection and performance.

Maintenance and Inspection of Expansion Joint Fillers

Proper maintenance and regular inspection of expansion joint fillers are essential for ensuring their continued effectiveness and longevity. A well-maintained joint sealing system can significantly extend the life of a structure and prevent costly repairs.

What does a typical inspection and maintenance routine involve?

An effective maintenance program for expansion joint fillers should include:

1. Visual inspections for signs of damage or deterioration
2. Cleaning of joint surfaces to remove debris and contaminants
3. Testing of sealant adhesion and flexibility
4. Reapplication or replacement of sealants as needed
5. Documentation of joint conditions and maintenance activities

Regular maintenance not only ensures the continued performance of expansion joint fillers but also helps identify potential issues before they become serious problems.

Technological Advancements in Expansion Joint Fillers

The field of expansion joint fillers is constantly evolving, with new technologies and materials emerging to address the challenges of modern construction. These innovations are improving performance, durability, and ease of installation.

What are some recent innovations in expansion joint filler technology?

Several cutting-edge developments are shaping the future of expansion joint fillers:

• Smart sensors for real-time joint movement monitoring
• Self-healing sealants that can repair minor damage
• Nano-engineered materials for enhanced durability
• 3D-printed custom joint solutions
• Hybrid systems combining multiple filler types for optimal performance

These advancements are enabling more efficient, cost-effective, and reliable joint protection in a wide range of construction applications.

Selecting the Right Expansion Joint Filler for Your Project

Choosing the appropriate expansion joint filler is crucial for the success of any construction project. The selection process involves considering various factors to ensure the chosen solution meets the specific requirements of the structure and environment.

What factors should be considered when selecting an expansion joint filler?

Key considerations in the selection process include:

• Expected joint movement range
• Environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, chemical exposure)
• Load-bearing requirements
• Fire resistance needs
• Aesthetic considerations
• Installation method and accessibility
• Budget constraints
• Maintenance requirements

By carefully evaluating these factors, project managers and engineers can select the most appropriate expansion joint filler solution for their specific needs.

Case Studies: Successful Implementation of Gap Armour Solutions

Examining real-world applications of expansion joint fillers can provide valuable insights into their effectiveness and best practices for implementation. Case studies from various construction projects demonstrate the versatility and importance of proper joint protection.

How have expansion joint fillers been successfully used in major projects?

Here are some notable examples of successful gap armour implementations:

1. Golden Gate Bridge Retrofit: Use of high-performance compression seals to accommodate seismic movement
2. Dubai Mall Expansion: Implementation of fire-resistant joint fillers in a large-scale commercial project
3. Boston’s Big Dig: Application of waterproof expansion joint systems in underground tunnels
4. Shanghai Tower: Utilization of advanced joint fillers to handle extreme wind loads in a supertall skyscraper
5. Panama Canal Expansion: Deployment of chemical-resistant joint protection in a challenging marine environment

These case studies highlight the critical role of expansion joint fillers in ensuring the longevity, safety, and performance of major infrastructure and building projects.

Regulatory Standards and Compliance for Expansion Joint Fillers

Expansion joint fillers are subject to various regulatory standards and compliance requirements to ensure their performance, safety, and reliability. Understanding these standards is crucial for manufacturers, contractors, and project managers involved in construction projects.

What are the key regulatory standards for expansion joint fillers?

Important standards and guidelines for expansion joint fillers include:

• ASTM D1751: Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction
• ASTM C920: Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants
• ACI 504R: Guide to Sealing Joints in Concrete Structures
• EN 14188: Joint Fillers and Sealants for Road Construction
• ISO 11600: Building Construction – Jointing Products – Classification and Requirements for Sealants

Compliance with these standards ensures that expansion joint fillers meet minimum performance requirements and are suitable for their intended applications.

Cost Analysis: Investing in Quality Expansion Joint Fillers

While the initial cost of high-quality expansion joint fillers may be higher, the long-term benefits often outweigh the upfront investment. A comprehensive cost analysis can help project managers make informed decisions about joint protection solutions.

How does the cost of quality expansion joint fillers compare to potential repair expenses?

Consider the following factors in a cost-benefit analysis:

1. Initial material and installation costs
2. Expected lifespan of the joint filler
3. Maintenance requirements and associated costs
4. Potential repair costs due to joint failure
5. Impact on overall structure longevity
6. Energy efficiency improvements
7. Reduced downtime for maintenance and repairs

In many cases, investing in high-quality expansion joint fillers can result in significant long-term savings by reducing maintenance needs and preventing costly structural damage.

Training and Certification for Expansion Joint Filler Installation

Proper installation of expansion joint fillers is critical to their performance and longevity. As such, training and certification programs have been developed to ensure that installers have the necessary skills and knowledge to correctly implement joint protection solutions.

What training options are available for expansion joint filler installation?

Several organizations offer training and certification programs for joint filler installation, including:

• Manufacturer-specific training courses
• Industry association certification programs
• Vocational school courses in construction specialties
• On-the-job training and apprenticeships
• Online learning modules and webinars

These training options help ensure that expansion joint fillers are installed correctly, maximizing their effectiveness and reducing the risk of premature failure.

Future Trends in Expansion Joint Filler Technology

The field of expansion joint fillers continues to evolve, with ongoing research and development aimed at improving performance, sustainability, and ease of use. Understanding future trends can help construction professionals prepare for upcoming innovations in joint protection technology.

What emerging technologies are shaping the future of expansion joint fillers?

Several exciting developments are on the horizon for expansion joint filler technology:

• Integration of IoT sensors for real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance
• Development of bio-based and biodegradable joint filler materials
• Advancements in nanotechnology for enhanced durability and performance
• Implementation of augmented reality tools for installation and inspection
• Creation of multi-functional joint fillers with added benefits like sound insulation or energy harvesting

These emerging technologies have the potential to revolutionize the way expansion joints are designed, installed, and maintained in future construction projects.

Trim-A-Slab, Gap Amour, Arrowjoint, Slabgasket

6.8-Installation of compression seals
Compression seals require a uniform joint width along the whole length with straight, smooth, spall-free, properly cleaned joint faces to permit proper installation and to provide uniform contact. It is advantageous to remove sharp rises at the joint edge or to form or saw the joint with a slight rounded or V-edge.
A neoprene-based or other lubricant (which may have adhesive properties for most applications) is applied in a bead to the upper edge of each joint face to facilitate installation of the seal. The lubricant is fluid at normal temperatures and is usually applied by a hand-pressure applicator. Where machine installation of the sealant is used for pavement joints, this unit may also be designed to apply the lubricant, which then generally should be a thixotropic formulation. The lubricant must be applied immediately ahead of inserting the seal so that it does not prematurely dry out. For installation either by hand roller or with the machine, the seal is positioned vertically over the joint opening and then, by pressing down and forward, it is forced into the opening. The seal must not be twisted, folded over on itself or stretched during this operation. A small permissibly amount of stretching, up to 5 percent, may occur as the seal is forced in. The seal must not be willfully stretched (thus reducing its cross section) to make installation easier and the seal length go further. Near zero stretch can be achieved with both hand and automatic machine installation which may be desirable since the seal will not be under tension along its length nor reduced in effective width. It is important to install the seal at the specified depth. In highway pavements, this is usually slightly below the surface to keep it out of contact with traffic. The seal should be installed in as long a continuous piece as possible. If field splices cannot be avoided they should be made in the least critical location as far as maintaining a sealed joint is concerned. Usually the seal is spliced simply by butting it against the next length with some lubricant adhesive. However, more sophisticated means are available and may be warranted where it is important that a splice should not part. Where a compression seal is to be installed between precast units, it may be attached to the face of one and compressed as the adjacent unit is positioned.
The polybutylene impregnated foam type of compression seal is pre-compressed and inserted in the joint opening. To achieve a good bond, the joint faces may first require priming with an epoxy adhesive. Other cellular foams such as ethylene vinyl acetate are installed in a similar fashion.

Why Sealing is Needed
ACI 504R-90

1.4 The introduction of joints creates openings which must usually be sealed in order to prevent passage of gases, liquids or other unwanted substances into or through the openings.

In buildings, to protect the occupants and the contents, it is important to prevent intrusion of wind and rain. In tanks, most canals, pipes and dams, joints must be sealed to prevent the contents from being lost.
Moreover, in most structures exposed to the weather the concrete itself must be protected against the possibility of damage from freezing and thawing, wetting and drying, leaching or erosion caused by any concentrated or excessive influx of water at joints. Foreign solid matter, including ice, must be prevented from collecting in open joints; otherwise, the joints cannot close freely later. Should this happen, high stresses may be generated and damage to the concrete may occur. In industrial floors the concrete at the edges of joints often
needs the protection of a filler or sealant between armored faces capable of preventing damage from impact of concentrated loads such as steel-wheeled traffic. In recent years, concern over the spread of flames, smoke and toxic fumes has made the fire resistance of joint sealing systems a consideration, especially in high-rise buildings.
The specific function of sealants is to prevent the intrusion of liquids (sometimes under pressure), solids or gases, and to protect the concrete against damage. In certain applications secondary functions are to improve thermal and acoustical installations, damp vibrations or prevent unwanted matter from collecting in crevices. Sealants must often perform their prime function, while subject to repeated contractions and expansions as the joint opens and closes and while exposed to heat, cold, moisture, sunlight, and sometimes, aggressive chemicals. As discussed in Chapters 2, 3 and 6, these conditions impose special requirements on the properties of the materials and the method of installation.

Under Armour HOVR Machina Review

Picking a running shoe often involves making a difficult choice: Are you looking for a shoe to race in, or a shoe to train in? There’s usually a trade-off. With a racing shoe, you get something light and lean that helps you go fast, usually without the cushioning found in a training shoe. But with new advances in foam and other weight-saving tech, the gap between racing and training has started to close in recent years. Under Armour‘s newest shoe, the HOVR Machina, is a good example of how brands are creating a shoe you can train in and also lace up for your next race. Light, cushioned, and bouncy, the Machina is designed to strike a balance between speed and comfort.

What It Is

According to Under Armour, the HOVR Machina is the company’s highest performance running shoe to date. It’s built to be responsive and lightweight, but thanks to a new midsole design, it also includes 20 percent more HOVR cushioning foam than its stablemate, the HOVR Infinite (it’s about the same weight as the Infinite, too). It’s part of Under Armour’s lineup of connected running shoes, so it comes with a sensor embedded in the midsole that links with UA’s MapMyRun app.

HOVR foam is one of Under Armour’s biggest running innovations of the past few years. It’s a proprietary formula made from olefin wax, and it delivers good cushion and responsiveness with low weight. It’s surrounded by an “Energy Web” mesh to help the foam hold its shape—you can see it on the exterior of the Machina’s midsole.

In addition, the Machina has a carbon/thermoplastic plate embedded in the midsole (you might recognize similar tech in Nike’s Next% and Zoom Fly 3 shoes) for extra bounce and energy return. In the Machina, the plate has a unique two-pronged design, which helps the shoe feel cushioned under the forefoot and also snappy and responsive at toe-off. Finally, solid rubber covers key impact zones under the midfoot, and high-abrasion carbon rubber pods cover areas under the heel for extra traction and durability.

Of course, the other big sell with the Machina is its connectivity. When paired with MapMyRun, it offers real-time Form Coaching, a new feature that UA launched in February. That means you can use the app to get personalized guidance on your running form as you run. In addition, the Machina will feed data on foot strike angle and ground contact time to the app—as well as the usual stats like pace and distance—for you to analyze once you finish your run.Courtesy Image

Why We Like It

On my test runs, I found that the Machina, as promised, struck a nice balance between cushion and speed. It has a soft step-in feel, but still provides a firm platform at toe-off. While it’s not exactly bouncy, the firm response and low weight meant it didn’t lag when I wanted to pick up the pace. Overall, the shoe felt comfy and absorbed impacts well. If you like a firm shoe but need more protection for longer efforts, the Machina makes a good pick.

There were other aspects I liked, too. The sole is relatively wide at the forefoot, which adds some stability for negotiating cracked or uneven pavement. I also appreciated the roomy toe box—a definite plus for longer runs, when your feet start to expand—and the soft cushioning around the ankle. It’s comfort without clunkiness, and that’s always a good quality to have in a running shoe.

As for the connected aspect of the Machina, overall I was impressed with the wealth of information I gleaned from MapMyRun. The app’s “workout analysis” section was a definite highlight: It offers thorough explanations for each metric and the stats are presented in intuitive charts, so it’s easy to digest. The data on foot strike angle and ground contact time was particularly interesting, and I came away with a deeper knowledge about how I run.Courtesy Image

Nitpick

Even so, I did notice a few things about the Machina that I would improve. First, it’s not super flexible. There’s some flex in the forefoot, but overall I wish the shoe was just a little less stiff. Second, these run small (I had to go up by half a size), so take that into account if you plan to purchase.

Finally, although MapMyRun worked well overall, the new real-time coaching features left me a little disappointed. The audio prompts on pace and elapsed time were nice, but the app also kept pestering me about my cadence, which it said was too low. In order to get my cadence up to the correct level, I had to essentially stutter step my way down the block. I’m not a running coach, but that doesn’t seem like good form. The app also provides a visual meter to show your cadence, but don’t try to watch it while running—I almost hit a tree. I think it’s fair to say these features could use a little more refinement.

[$150; underarmour.com]

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Tommy Armour TA1 Irons Review

Tommy Armour TA1 Irons Review

Tommy Armour TA1 Irons Review

Tommy Armour TA1 Irons from DICK’S Sporting Goods.

Grade: A
Teacher’s Comments: A solid set of irons at a fair price. Worthy of consideration by budget conscious mid- to high-handicappers.

In the Tommy Armour TA1 irons, DICKS Sporting Goods offers a solid set of clubs at a terrific price point. For $599, the budget conscious golfer can have a new set with features and materials found in much more expensive irons, including a maraging steel cup face, tungsten sole weights, vibration dampening and progressive set design.

The TA1 Irons are for me both long and forgiving. It took me a while to dial in the distances, but they compare quite favorably to my old standbys, the TaylorMade R7XD (which are still the longest irons I have ever played). The Tommy Armour TA1s are definitely longer than my Callaway Apex irons.

Ball flight on the Tommy Armour TA1 irons has a pronounced right to left tendency. If you are one of golf’s millions of hacker-slicers, the Tommy Armour TA1 irons are worth a look. I am at this point relatively confident that they will mitigate that slice. My problem, however, has always been a hook, so these actually exacerbate that problem. I can control it by leaving the face a little open at address.

I had absolutely no problem getting the ball in the air with the Tommy Armour TA1s. To be fair, however, I tend to hit the ball high under any circumstances. Carry and roll were in line with what I get out of my other sets.

The feel is nice. While the Tommy Armour TA1s do not feel soft like my forged Callaways, they have none of the ping and dink that I have felt from other budget-conscious iron sets. The vibration dampening features of the TA1s work.

Gaps on the irons are very evenly spaced. Each iron seems to be ten to twelve yards longer than its immediate predecessor. Once I established a base number for the six iron, I could comfortably pull clubs based on yardages.

At the core of The Tommy Armour TA1 Irons is a cup face construction with a CS450 Maraging Steel Face. Club frames are 431 steel The progressive set has an undercut cavity in the short irons (8-GW), and hollow body construction in the mid- and long-irons (4-7). The hollow body is designed to provide a lower, deeper CG location for high launch, while the cavity on the short irons is optimized for control.

In both, Tungsten toe weights move the CG away from the heel for more forgiveness on off-center hits. There is also an interesting notch on the hosels, presumably in the name of shifting weight. The clubs also feature a vibration dampening insert. All of these are features found on top end clubs from big name manufacturers. DICKS Sporting Goods did not aim low with their Tommy Armour TA1 irons.

While the Tommy Armour TA1s are game improvement irons, from address, they do not look like Fiats on a stick. The TA1s definitely have a thicker topline than players irons, and there is some offset, but nothing that offends my eye. Compared to players irons, they are oversized, but not excessively so.

Offset and sole width progress through the set to match the swings required for each club. It’s not something I notice at address, though.

While the irons are more than satisfactorily long, they don’t depend upon tricked up lofts. The lofts are nearly identical to those of the Ping G, for example. The TA1s are a couple of degrees less strong than the TaylorMade M3. On the other hand, they are a couple of degrees stronger on each iron than the TaylorMade P770 and Callaway Apex.

The red plate on the backs of the TA1s are an interesting look. It certainly sets the Tommy Armour TA1s apart from other brands. There’s a bit of a race car flair to them. I am actually a little torn on the color, but as I can’t see it from address, it is really not an issue.

The best part of the irons is the value. Because they are a house brand for DICKS and Golf Galaxy (owned by DICKS), the new Tommy Armour brand escapes the price escalation problems associated with multi-channel distribution and marketing budgets. Thus, the TA1 irons are able to offer a nice set of features at what I think is a very reasonable price. A new set of TaylorMade M3 irons, for example will set you back $999.

The Tommy Armour brand is probably familiar to older golfers. It was quite popular with its 845 “Silver Scot” irons in the early 1990s. The brand was purchased by the Sports Authority, and when that company went bankrupt, the name was purchased by DICKS Sporting Goods. To revive the brand, DICKS worked with Designworks, a subsidiary of BMW Group.

Tommy Armour, the golfer for whom the brand was named, was born in Edinburgh in 1895. In his golfing career, Armour won 25 times, including 3 major championships: the 1927 US Open, the 1931 Open, and the 1930 PGA Championship. His best finish in the masters was a T8 in 1937. That track record was more than enough to warrant his 1976 induction into the World Golf Hall of Fame.

The Silver Scot, as he was called, had an interesting side story. During World War I, Staff Major Tommy Armour was caught in a mustard gas explosion and permanently lost the sight in his left eye. Metal plates also had to be attached to his head and left arm. I find it amazing that he was able to play as well as he did given those disabilities.

Tommy Armour also is credited with popularizing the term “yips,” although that likely is nothing anyone would want to be known for.

If you are a mid- to high-handicapper in the market for a new set of clubs, I think you should consider the Tommy Armour TA1s. Drop by your local DICKS Sporting Goods or Golf Galaxy and give them a try.

Loft, lie, length and swing weight specs for the Tommy Armour TA1 irons follow:

Tech Specs:

Model	Loft	Lie	Length	Swing Weight
4 Iron	21°	60. 5°	39.25″	D2
5 Iron	24°	61.5°	38.5″	D2
6 Iron	27°	62°	37.75″	D2
7 Iron	30°	62.5°	37.25″	D2
8 Iron	35°	63°	36.75″	D2
9 Iron	40°	63.5°	36.25″	D2
PW	45°	64°	36″	D3
GW	50°	64°	35.75″	D3

Tommy Armour TA1 Irons Review

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How to fill Gaps & Seams on Miniatures

I had no intention of sharing a post today, it was going to be a painting day for me but I have seen just one too many people asking “How do I fill the gaps on Primaris Outriders?”. So to help people with this issue, I figured it’s about time to do a tutorial on how to fill Gaps & Seams on Miniatures.

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So, just before I begin, this process is used on the Primaris Outrider Bike Squad, but this can be used on all of your miniatures. If you think this is a bit of pain, trust me, it’s much easier on these bikes than it was on the old ones where each Wheel had to be done independantly! That was not fun…

How to fill Gaps & Seams on Miniatures – Tools

So, there are a few ways to do this but let me go over the tools you will need.

Mould Line Remover

Likelyhood is you may have the Citadel Mould Line remover, which is fine for a larger model. In the most part as you are dealing with large, open areas on the bikes specifically.

But for a long time now I have gotten into the habit of using a hobby knife for all mould line removal as the fine point on the blade is perfect for getting into finer details.

My personal preference is the x-acto knife as it is so widely available and the blades are cheap enough – especially if you buy third party blades…

Gap Filler

So, you’re going to need some solutions to fill those gaps in your models, here’s what I recommend

Plastic Glue

I’ll cover this in more detail in the guide below, but you need some plastic glue. This will cover the first stage of the process below by melting the plastic and welding it together.

There are various types of this glue available, I have a ton of the Citadel Glue which works great but I don’t like the applicators in the thin metal nozzle. There’s no precision with it and it keeps gunking up.
I actually use those citadel bottles to refill the glass bottle below.

Personal preference this time is Tamiya Extra Thin Cement which lends itself perfectly in this tutorial. – I’ll show you why with the next tool

Sprue-Goo

You can’t buy this stuff, you make it. It’s basically some Tamiya Extra Thin Cement with bits of sprue in it.

It’s blue

Super easy to make, just cut your sprue up really small (if the bits are too big, they won’t fully melt and will leave chunks in your bottle). Just add a small handful of bits at a time, shake it up and leave it until it melts. You want a thin paste.

With this, you are essentially gap willing with more plastic, so it’s brilliant stuff for this task. It’s just a bit thin and doesn’t fill “deep” gaps too well. read the guide below, you’ll see what I mean.

But the reason I always go for Tamiya Extra Thin is that it’s cheap, readily available almost everywhere and most importantly, it comes with the best applicator for this type of glue

Mr Hobby Dissolved Putty

This is a personal favourite and was recommended to me by Mr David Soper (Sprocket). If you don’t know who David is then you need to check out his work – you’ll soon see why I just take his word on anything.

This stuff is great, you apply it with a brush, quite thickly, it reduces down and leaves a surface which is hard wearing and perfect for sanding. It is, however, solvent-based and you need to use synthetic brushes, and alcohol to clean it off them.

Sanding Sticks / Paper

To be fair these are optional, depending on how well you get on with some of the upcoming stages. but if you want that perfectly flat surface, sanding them smooth once you have filled the gaps.

Personal preferences here are the Mini Sanding and polishing sticks from Flory Models in the UK. They are really thin and flexible. Sometimes however the depth of them can prevent you from getting into smaller areas. These are still the best sanding sticks for 99% of the work you do on miniatures. The Polishing stick is great if you want that perfectly smooth seamless finish as these will actually polish the model smoother than the base plastic!

The other item is some high grit sandpaper, like 2000 grit. Just fold it into a corner, wet it a touch and use small circular motions to smooth out an area.

How to fill Gaps & Seams on Miniatures – The Process

So, now let’s have a look at the stage to gap-fill models. I’ve used the Primaris Outrider Bikes here, but this same process is the same for everything.

Before you begin, cut the parts off the sprue and trim down all the mould lines.

Step 1 – Dry-fit the Parts

Before glueing two parts together, make sure they actually fit flush as you would expect. Below (because they are easy to build) I have built the whole model, which makes it easy to see where the problem areas are.

If there are areas where you can see gaps. pinch them together hard so you can see how well they will fit. if they don’t go together well, pull them apart and see if there are any bits of excess plastic blocking it.

Honestly, in the image above, the gap is fine. But if you need to (which was certainly the case on older push-fit models) trim some of the extra plastic off the stumps and such.

The next bit is optional but a tip for the bikes is to cut off the pedals from the chassis.

This tip lets you build bike and rider (with exhausts) seperately which makes painting both much easier.

I actually got this tip from someone in one of the many Warhammer Facebook Groups. Someone who was kind enough to give me a shout-out for my colour coded Indomitus Sprues. And I’m so sorry but I can’t return the favour as I can’t remember or find who that was. If it was you please let me know and I will update this and put full kudos your way.

Update 05/08/20: It was Oli from Nerdcore Gaming (check out his Instagram)

Once built this leaves a small gap between the pedals and the chassis but honestly, I think it looks better.

Step 2 – Apply Plastic Cement

This is where the Tamiya Extra Thin cement with its brush applicator really shines. Hold the 2 parts together, but leave a slight gap and touch the Tamiya Extra thin Nozzle to the seam.

With capillary action the glue will flow into the gap

If you have never used this stuff before, practise!

It’s very thin and really flows. If you put too much on, it will easily flow into the wrong places, end up all over your fingers and once this stuff touches plastic it stars to melt it. the last thing you want to do on any model is touch it with gluey fingers.

Trust me you don’t want this, I have done this, it is very bad.

A good place to practise with these bikes is the seam above the chassis where the bolters are. This will be covered with the outer canopy of the bike.

Just one tip, if you do this, you won’t be able to get the handlebars in below the outer canopy of the bike. You can either put this on before. Or do what I did and just snip off the pin which holds them on – that will give you enough clearance to get the handlebars on under the canopy. There’s still a notch which will guide the handlebars into correct alignment.

Step 3 – Pinch Together

Maybe best to do this in stages, like the front of the bike, middle, and then the rear. The glue starts to evaporate quite quick so once you start loading it in you have about 30 seconds to squeeze before it’s too late and you won’t get the desired result.

But once the gap is filled with poly-cement pinch the two halves together. If you have filled it with enough glue, you will find that the melted gluey plastic is expunged from the gap

Unfortunately, just like painting, it’s trial and error to get this right. but unlike painting, you have only one chance with this

As you can see in the image below, I had some sucess on one bike, less sucess on the other.

The issue is, you don’t want to overfill the gap with glue because it will flow too far and end up in areas of the model you don’t want. Not enough and it won’t be melted enough to spew out of the gapHonestly, it’s still rare I get this right first time, but there are more steps we can take to sort out the remaining issues.

No matter how successful you are here, let it fully dry before you do anything else. a few hours at least. Overnight at best.

Step 4 – Scrape the Seams

So, we’re back to this, scraping mould lines, but this is good. better a mould line than a gap.

Where you had sufficient glue, you’ll have a bead of plastic you can trim down just like a mould line.

And voilà – assuming you managed to get enough glue in the gaps that the whole seam line was filled with the meted gluey plastic, a quick scrape will give you a perfect join – once you’ve primed it, you’ll never know there was a gap.

If you landed this in one go, briliant!

If like me you still have some minor pits in the join line, you need to do some more filling. So let’s move onto the next step.

Step 5 – Fill the Gaps

This is the point where you may reach for something like Green Stuff or Liquid Green Stuff. Now, there’s nothing wrong with this really. but the former product is better for sculpting as it doesn’t sand back very well

Liquid Green Stuff is decent as it’s water-based, but again, it flakes when it is sanded so it’s ok. it’s just not the best.

So I recomend something like Sprue-Goo or Mr Hobby Dissolved Putty

Both of these can be sanded smooth. Sprue Goo (detailed in the tools section at the top) is great for smaller, shallower gaps. It’s liquid plastic, but like the glue itself, it’s really thin and will need several applications (with drying time between) to build up enough layers to fill the pit.

Mr Hobby Disolved putty is just great. You need to apply a lot more than you would initially expect to a gap and it goes on in globs, but this also reduces down but leaves a hard surface which you can sand or scrape smooth.

Just remember, once you apply either of these things, leave them to dry. Again a few hours at least, overnight at best.

Step 6 – Sand

Using either some fine-grit sandpaper or the Mini Sanding & Polishing sticks from Flory Models. Sand and polish the surfaces smooth.

You will be able to tell if these are smooth, gently run a fingernail along the creases and edges of whatever filling agent you used. If it’s not smooth, you should be able to feel it.

Te likelyihood is, you’ll be able to tell just by looking.

Also – bonus tip – drill your weapon barrels

Step 7 – Primer

So yeah, spray with prmer…

The reason I mentioned this specifically (because it’s obvious that’s what you do next) is because you may find that after priming your model, you still see a gap. don’t worry it happens to the best of us.

If this does happen, just wait for the primer to fully cure (could be up to 48 hours depending on your primer choice). Sand it back a bit and apply some more of your choice gap filler before priming again.

If you don’t sand it before applying more gap filler, then your filler is binding to the paint, not the model. So when it comes to sanding it smooth again, the whole chunk of filler can just fall out.

But that’s it. If you follow all the steps you should have some perfectly smooth gaps.

Have a go yourself and let me know how you get on in the comments.

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Rukka D3O Air XTR Armor Review (CE Level 2 Protectors)

If you follow our website Motorcycle Gear Hub, you will know how we love motorcycle armor and how we’ve published the biggest collection of motorcycle-armor reviews on the entire Internet.

After all, motorcycle armor is one half of the rider-protective equation and you better be kitted out with the best body protectors if you intend on maximizing your chances of surviving a motorcycle crash unscathed.

Talking of best body protectors, what you’re about to read is bang on the money regarding this topic.

Enter the Rukka D3O Air XTR Armor

Stemming from Finland, Rukka has been putting out premium motorcycle gear for many, many years and the brand’s motorcycle garments are especially popular among touring riders as well as ADV riders.

Even more so, Rukka is renown for its epic motorcycle armor and the sheer size of it. Rukka doesn’t cut any corners when it comes to protecting riders against impacts and this manufacturing philosophy is magnificently exemplified in the brand’s latest range of motorcycle armor: the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors.

Using D3O’s innovative viscoelastic-foam armor, Rukka has launched its full D3O Air XTR lineup of CE Level 2 motorcycle protectors building upon its preceding D3O Air range and actually improving upon it.

The new range of D3O Air XTR protectors comprises CE Level 2 armored pads for the knees and shins, elbows, shoulders, hips, and back; the chest armor is CE Level 1. All body areas of a motorcycle rider can thus be shielded in full with these new motorcycle protectors from Rukka.

The latest Rukka D3O Air XTR armor is purported to be more protective, ergonomic and comfortable than any previous motorcycle armor launched by Rukka to date. Furthermore, this assertion would too imply that the D3O Air XTR armor lineup from Rukka is among the absolute-best motorcycle armor in the industry.

Understandably, we could not wait to get our hands on Rukka’s latest motorcycle protectors so as to put them through our testing and reviewing paces. The results are finally in, so what now follows is our full detailed review of the Rukka D3O Air XTR motorcycle armor!

Table of contents

As is customary in our professional motorcycle-gear reviews, here’s first the table of contents of this review:

Estimated reading time is of 40 minutes. If you’d like to read a more-condensed summary of our findings, then click on the Advantages and Disadvantages sections in the table of contents above.

You can buy all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors at the best prices and with very-affordable worldwide shipping HERE (knee/shin armor), HERE (elbow armor), HERE (shoulder armor), HERE (hip armor), HERE (chest armor) and HERE (back armor).

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor specs

This is what Rukka has to say about its D3O Air XTR armor:

• All protectors for the knees and shins, elbows, shoulders, and hips are CE-certified as Level 2 limb armor under EN 1621-1:2012.
• Back protector is CE-certified as Level 2 back armor under EN 1621-2:2014. Back protector is named “D3O Air XTR All-Back protector”.
• Chest protectors are CE-certified as Level 1 chest armor under prEN 1621-3:2016. Chest protectors are named “D3O CP1/L1 chest protectors”.
• Trusted high-performance shock absorption.
• Maximum flexibility.
• Comfortable and breathable.
• D3O viscoelastic-foam technology specially developed for Rukka’s D3O Air XTR protectors.
• Protectors offered in singles sizes, except for All-Back protector which is offered in three sizes (Small, Medium, and Large).
• All limb protectors and chest protectors sold as sets of two armored pads (i.e. one set of two protectors).

Some pretty-good claims for what’s meant to be high-end motorcycle armor and in line with Rukka’s typical product claims. But, what’s our final consensus on Rukka’s D3O Air XTR armor here at Motorcycle Gear Hub?

Let’s find out!

Rider protection and safety

As per the aforementioned product claims, all Rukka D3O Air XTR limb and back protectors are indeed CE-certified as Level 2 under their corresponding EN standards, while the chest protectors are CE-certified as Level 1 as also claimed.

That said, Rukka has been modest in its claims regarding the additional CE certifications stamped on its protectors: all limb protectors and chest protectors are also CE-certified as Level 2 under the Cold testing condition of EN 1621-1:2012 and EN 1621-3.

The Cold testing condition of EN 1621-1 and EN 1621-3 is an optional test and certification for motorcycle armor, which is certainly worth pointing out in this review since a CE certification under the Cold testing condition adds much protective oomph and value to the Rukka D3O Air XTR armor lineup.

This additional CE certification under the optional Cold testing condition is depicted below via the “T-” symbol stamped on the armor:

Rukka provides a detailed product leaflet outlining the impact-protective properties of each protector within its motorcycle-armor lineup, which is much appreciated from a transparency point of view and as it pertains to consumer information.

So kudos to Rukka for their detailed product leaflet accompanying every protector as not all motorcycle-gear companies follow suit in this department.

As per the historic norm with Rukka’s motorcycle armor, all D3O Air XTR protectors are massive in size; Rukka currently makes some of the biggest motorcycle protectors from any motorcycle company, and D3O has manufactured the D3O Air XTR protectors in this size and shape exclusively for Rukka.

While D3O makes generic CE Level 2 motorcycle protectors in standard sizes, you won’t find D3O motorcycle protectors in this peculiar size and design anywhere else; they’re Rukka-only armor.

For reference, here’s a standard-sized D3O CE Level 2 knee protector (left) next to the Rukka D3O Air XTR knee protector (right):

All D3O Air XTR protectors from Rukka have had their shape and profile curved and cupped more prominently versus the previous Rukka D3O Air armor lineup, which optimizes rider protection immensely since the newer D3O Air XTR protectors stay and remain fully compliant when worn and provide increased lateral impact protection.

Moreover, all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors withstand repeated impacts and/or crashing without losing their impact-protective performance, which is an intrinsic trait of viscoelastic foam as implemented in the construction of the D3O Air XTR protectors and which is also an intrinsic trait of premium-level CE Level 2 motorcycle armor.

In fact, the improved shape of the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors is what’s key in making this armor lineup one of a kind as its rendered armored coverage and compliance is astonishing for such immense motorcycle protectors.

Let’s take a closer look at each motorcycle protector within Rukka’s D3O Air XTR lineup.

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: Knee and shin protectors

The Rukka D3O Air XTR knee/shin armor is CE-certified as Level 2 limb armor for the knees and shins under the Ambient, Wet and Cold testing conditions of EN 1621-1:2012.

The D3O Air XTR knee/shin armor is also CE-certified as Type B limb armor, which means that it offers the highest level of protective coverage to the knees and shins. Its tested transmitted residual force is 16.5 kilonewtons as CE Level 2 limb armor.

Personally, I absolutely love these Rukka D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors, for they’re gigantic albeit phenomenally compliant.

I applaud Rukka for having designed and manufactured such awesome leg armor as I’m a fan of big armored pads and, from my experience reviewing the best motorcycle armor in existence, this set of D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors is at the very top of the motorcycle-armor echelon.

The protectors are way more cupped than their predecessors, which in turn equates to more tracking compliance and thus increased impact protection when bending and extending your knees, notwithstanding much-more riding comfort.

These D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors extend in length from the lower thigh all the way down to past mid-shin height. Ergo, you’re factually obtaining total lower-leg impact protection when wearing these protectors with any motorcycle boots.

This is outstanding for those of us who have crashed in the past and have harmed their lower legs due to the worn knee armor not covering the shins in full.

Given their pronounced pre-shaped cupping, the D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors also render superior lateral impact protection to the knee anatomy versus many of the protectors’ competitors.

To top things off, you can realistically wear the Rukka D3O Air XTR knee and shin armor as elbow protectors if the armored pads fit inside any upper-body garments of yours (the Rukka D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors will fit as elbow armor in some garments, especially racing gear and armored undershirts).

As elbow armor, these Rukka knee and shin protectors reach all the way down to the wrist for utmost elbow and forearm shielding; just see for yourself below.

I should duly point out that these Rukka D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors are among the very-few that are CE-certified as Level 2 not only for the knees but also for the shins.

Not even some of the mega-large CE Level 2 knee armor from competing companies like SAS-TEC are CE-certified as Level 2 shin armor in spite of being longer than Rukka’s knee/shin protectors.

Consequently, the Rukka D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors offer objectively-demonstrated premium shielding to the shins (and not just the knees), which is undoubtedly an epic advantage of these latest limb protectors from Rukka.

All in all, I simply cannot say enough great things about the Rukka D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors. They really are that fantastic as knee and shin armor!

Buy these latest Rukka knee and shin protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: Elbow protectors

The Rukka D3O Air XTR elbow armor is CE-certified as Level 2 limb armor for the elbows under the Ambient, Wet and Cold testing conditions of EN 1621-1:2012.

The D3O Air XTR elbow armor is also CE-certified as Type B limb armor, which means that it offers the highest level of protective coverage to the elbows. Its tested transmitted residual force is 16.5 kilonewtons as CE Level 2 limb armor.

For all that matters, these D3O Air XTR elbow protectors from Rukka are somewhat-smaller versions of the previous knee/shin protectors.

The elbow protectors incorporate the same pre-shaped cupping and extensive armored coverage as well as supreme impact compliance of the knee/shin protectors.

The D3O Air XTR elbow protectors are larger than usual for CE Level 2 (Type-B) elbow armor, and these protectors will work as splendid knee armor too if the knee-armor pockets of your motorcycle pants cannot take on the massiveness of the D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors.

The D3O Air XTR elbow protectors encapsulate your elbows laterally like few-other competitors can do, and these Rukka protectors fully shield the lower upper arms down to the lower forearms.

If wearing gauntlet motorcycle gloves such as premium sportbike gloves or touring gloves, you can achieve complete forearm shielding by wearing these Rukka D3O Air XTR elbow protectors.

In summary, these CE Level 2 elbow protectors from Rukka ain’t just excellent elbow armor but also knee armor, which speaks volumes of the superlative impact protection ingrained in these armored pads.

Buy these latest Rukka elbow protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: Shoulder armor

The Rukka D3O Air XTR shoulder armor is CE-certified as Level 2 limb armor for the shoulders under the Ambient, Wet and Cold testing conditions of EN 1621-1:2012.

The D3O Air XTR shoulder armor is also CE-certified as Type B limb armor, which means that it offers the highest level of protective coverage to the shoulders. Its tested transmitted residual force is 16.5 kilonewtons as CE Level 2 limb armor.

First things first, these D3O Air XTR shoulder protectors are titanic in size! By far, these are the biggest shoulder motorcycle protectors that I’ve reviewed up until now.

In reality, these are the longest and widest shoulder protectors available to motorcyclists from any motorcycle-gear brand or company.

To put things in perspective, the Rukka D3O Air XTR shoulder armored pads are bigger in extension than the D3O Air XTR elbow pads as well as wider than the D3O Air XTR knee/shin pads.

No, I’m not joking. And, yes, this is impressive.

I have big shoulders and find most CE level 2 shoulder armor from other companies to not shield my shoulders completely. There are exceptions, of course, but most mid-end CE Level 2 shoulder armor is designed to protect the shoulder joint and not the adjacent tissue to the shoulder girdle.

In contrast, these D3O Air XTR shoulder protectors wholly shield the front, side and rear of my shoulders and of any shoulders, be they big or small. This is thanks to the contouring nature of the D3O Air XTR’s viscoelastic foam, so even petite female riders will still benefit from exceptional armored shielding across the shoulders and adjoining muscles and bones.

Likewise, these specific shoulder protectors from Rukka feature the most-extreme cupping of all D3O Air XTR limb protectors, and that’s saying something! It’s this amplified cupping of the chassis that enhances the adaptability of the D3O Air XTR shoulder protectors to all body types and independent of gender.

In particular, the extreme cupping and generous width of the Rukka D3O Air XTR shoulder protectors represent the epitome of impeccable armored shielding to the shoulder region, including upper back and upper arm.

I tip my gear-reviewer fedora hat to you, Rukka.

Buy these latest Rukka shoulder protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: Hip protectors

The Rukka D3O Air XTR hip armor is CE-certified as Level 2 limb armor for the hips under the Ambient, Wet and Cold testing conditions of EN 1621-1:2012.

The D3O Air XTR hip armor is also CE-certified as Type B limb armor, which means that it offers the highest level of protective coverage to the hips. Its tested transmitted residual force is 16.5 kilonewtons as CE Level 2 limb armor.

These Rukka hip protectors are big in size, but they have a significantly-reduced surface area due to the shaped indentations on the protectors’ perimeter, which partly detracts from the otherwise-supreme armored coverage of these D3O Air XTR hip protectors.

By the same token, the D3O Air XTR hip protectors sport quite a pronounced cupped chassis in comparison to competing CE Level 2 hip armor, which magnifies the compliance and positioning of the protectors when worn inside any motorcycle pants, including sportbike pants, as well as motorcycle suits (whether from Rukka or from other brands).

Aside from their marginally-reduced armored coverage, the Rukka D3O Air XTR hip protectors are monumental armored pads to shield the ever-so-delicate hip region.

Buy these latest Rukka hip protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O CP1/L1 chest protectors

The Rukka D3O CP1 chest armor is CE-certified as Level 1 armor for the chest under the Ambient, Wet and Cold testing conditions of prEN 1621-3:2016. Since the Rukka D3O CP1 chest armor comprises two individual protectors, it is CE-certified as “DC” (Divided Chest) chest armor.

The D3O CP1 chest armor is also CE-certified as Type B chest armor, which means that it offers the highest level of protective coverage to the chest. Its tested transmitted residual force is 14 kilonewtons as CE Level 1 chest armor.

Comparing the D3O CP1 chest armor from Rukka against direct competitors such as SAS-TEC’s SC-1/CP2 chest protectors or Dainese’s Pro Armor chest protectors, what sets apart the former from the latter is how the Rukka chest protectors are CE-certified as Type B instead of Type A as is the case with the latter two.

As a result, the Rukka D3O CP1 chest armor provides increased armored coverage than its split-chest armored rivals.

The D3O CP1 chest protectors are flat in profile but they will rapidly contour to the rib cage when worn inside any snug-fitting motorcycle jacket; you don’t need to be wearing a hyper-snug racing jacket to milk the pliable contouring of the protectors’ viscoelastic foam.

Any good touring jacket with dedicated pockets for these Rukka chest protectors will make the most of the chassis dexterity built into these armored pads.

By far, the Rukka D3O CP1 chest protectors are phenomenal chest armor to wear inside any motorcycle jackets and not just those from Rukka.

To give you an idea, I’m presently wearing these Rukka chest protectors inside my Rev’It Tornado 3 jacket since the Seesoft chest protectors from Rev’It pale in comparison to these Rukka D3O CP1 chest protectors in both afforded protection and comfort.

Buy these latest Rukka chest protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: All-Back protector

The Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is CE-certified as Level 2 armor for the back under the Ambient and Wet testing conditions of EN 1621-2:2014.

The D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is also CE-certified as “FB” (Full Back) back armor, which means that it offers the highest level of protective coverage to the back. Its tested transmitted residual force is 8 kilonewtons as CE Level 2 back armor.

It’s imperative to point out the “FB” CE certification of the Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector as some expensive back protectors such as the Dainese Pro Armor back protector are not CE-certified as “FB” and are instead CE-certified as “CB” (Central Back), which only renders CE Level 2 impact protection to the middle back.

If you care about protecting your vertebrae and shoulder blades, only wear CE Level 2 back protectors that are CE-certified as “FB” back armor such as our reviewed Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector.

Something that surprised me of this D3O Air XTR All-Back protector from Rukka is how it is not CE-certified under the Cold testing condition and/or Hot testing condition, which is offered as optional testing in the EN 1621-2:2014 CE standard.

Rukka sent us one of a handful of final prototype designs of the D3O Air XTR All-Back protector since this back protector, when we received it, had not yet been launched onto the market.

Thus, it is possible that the final commercially-available D3O Air XTR All-Back protector from Rukka may carry additional CE certifications.

Following from the above, this surprise was exacerbated by how the rest of Rukka’s D3O Air XTR limb protectors and even the D3O CP1 chest protectors are CE-certified as “T-” as described earlier. Furthermore, the previous iteration of the Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector (i.e. D3O Air) was indeed CE-certified as “T-” too.

Lastly, all competing CE Level 2 premium back protectors are CE-certified as Level 2 under the optional Cold testing condition of EN 1621-2:2014 to boot.

If there are any changes to the CE certification of Rukka’s D3O Air XTR All-Back protector, we will update this review. Incidentally, the Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is based on the D3O BP4 back protector (CE Level 2), which D3O has listed as not being “T-” CE-certified, so that’s that.

Optional CE certifications aside, the Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector renders majestic armored coverage to the rear torso as the back protector is quite long for what’s standard in top-end CE Level 2 back protectors.

Its width is most ample where it matters; at the upper and middle back so as to shield the rib cage especially.

The D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is flat in profile, yet its superb contouring manners ensure that the protector’s chassis follows your every flexing, extending and twisting of your torso.

In consequence, the Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector hovers your rear torso with astonishing precision, which thus translates into superior armored shielding and impact-protective performance.

Despite the lack of “T-” CE certification in our reviewed prototype, I still deem the Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector a much-recommended back protector for any riders wearing Rukka motorcycling apparel or motorcycle garments from other brands.

Buy this latest Rukka back protector at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Fitment

The Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors (including CP1 chest protectors and All-Back protector) are designed to fit flawlessly inside Rukka motorcycle garments. So, if you wear motorcycle gear from Rukka, then you’ve no fitment dramas to worry about.

However, all Rukka motorcycle protectors reviewed in our guide do also function as perfect replacement armor to retrofit into motorcycle garments from other brands.

Therefore, we’re listing all measurements of each Rukka D3O Air XTR protector for your shopping convenience if you want to wear any of these protectors in your non-Rukka motorcycle jackets, pants, suits, armored undergarments and whatnot.

Here are the measurements of all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors reviewed in this guide (measurements in centimeters and inches per single protector):

• Rukka D3O Air XTR knee/shin armor: 33 cm long x 15 cm wide (13 in long x 5. 9 in wide)
• Rukka D3O Air XTR elbow armor: 25 cm long x 14 cm wide (10 in long x 5.5 in wide)
• Rukka D3O Air XTR shoulder armor: 23 cm long x 19 cm wide (9.1 in long x 7.5 in wide)
• Rukka D3O Air XTR hip armor: 20 cm long x 17 cm wide (7.9 in long x 6.7 in wide)
• Rukka D3O CP1/L1 chest armor: 24.5 cm long x 17.5 cm wide (9.5 in long x 6.9 in wide)
• Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector (size Small): 42.5 cm long x 24 cm wide (16.7 in long x 9.4 in wide)
• Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector (size Medium): 50 cm long x 26 cm wide (19.7 in long x 10.2 in wide)
• Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector (size Large): 54 cm long x 27.5 cm wide (21.3 in long x 10.8 in wide)

Please note that all measurements stipulated above were taken with the protectors in their naturally-shaped state. Due to their very-pronounced cupping, all limb-armor pads would be much bigger if flattened.

Mind you, the above measurements stipulated for all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors are what ultimately matter so as to ensure their optimal fitment inside non-Rukka motorcycle garments, so do reference our posted measurements above if retrofitting these Rukka protectors in non-Rukka gear.

Here are some general recommendations that we’ve garnered after retrofitting the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors to all kinds of non-Rukka motorcycle garments:

• Rukka D3O Air XTR knee/shin armor: will fit inside racing motorcycle pants and racing suits from Alpinestars, Dainese, and Rev’It. Will fit inside touring pants from these same companies as well as from some American companies such as Olympia or Scorpion. Will also fit inside armored underpants from most companies (and even as elbow armor if the textile fabric is elasticated). Buy the Rukka knee/shin protectors HERE.
• Rukka D3O Air XTR elbow armor: will fit inside most men’s motorcycle jackets, racing suits and motorcycle shirts. Will also fit inside all armored undershirts. As knee armor, it will fit inside all men’s motorcycle pants, racing suits and armored underpants. Buy the Rukka elbow protectors HERE.
• Rukka D3O Air XTR shoulder armor: will only fit inside elasticated armored undershirts. Few motorcycle jackets outside of Rukka motorcycle jackets and suits have shoulder-armor pockets that are big enough. Buy the Rukka shoulder protectors HERE.
• Rukka D3O Air XTR hip armor: will fit inside men’s and women’s motorcycle pants and suits that have square-shaped pockets for hip armor. Buy the Rukka hip protectors HERE.
• Rukka D3O CP1/L1 chest armor: will fit inside all men’s and women’s motorcycle jackets incorporating pockets for two chest armored pads as commonly seen in sportbike jackets. Brands with motorcycle jackets incorporating chest-armor pockets to fit the Rukka D3O CP1 chest protectors include Alpinestars, Dainese and Rev’It. Buy the Rukka chest protectors HERE.
• Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector: will fit inside many motorcycle jackets and racing suits. Best to measure the back-armor pocket and contrast its measurements with the above measurements of the D3O Air XTR All-Back protector in all three sizes. Buy the Rukka back protector HERE.

Again, please note that all reviewed Rukka protectors in this guide will fit seamlessly inside all corresponding Rukka motorcycle garments. So you will not run into fitment dramas if buying these Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors for any Rukka motorcycle clothing that you own.

However, given the high impact-protective performance of these Rukka protectors, they’re also very worthy as aftermarket motorcycle protectors to fit into motorcycle clothing from other brands. Hence, follow the above guidelines if wanting to wear Rukka’s D3O Air XTR protectors inside non-Rukka motorcycle garments.

Last but not least, when in doubt, do not hesitate in measuring your garment’s armor pockets and reference the above measurements if intending to wear these Rukka protectors inside non-Rukka motorcycle clothing.

Design, comfort and ventilation

The Rukka D3O Air XTR armor shares the legendary orange color of D3O’s motorcycle armor. None of the protectors leach dye or stain your clothing, and the orange-colored dye is evenly spread; these Rukka motorcycle protectors look the part without doubt.

The shape of all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors differs from the generic shape of D3O motorcycle armor. Personally, I much prefer the shape of these Rukka D3O protectors versus the standardized shape of D3O motorcycle protectors used by other brands such as Icon, Klim, Held or Furygan.

Again for your visual reference, here’s a comparison of the Rukka D3O Air XTR elbow armor versus a standard D3O CE Level 2 knee/elbow protector as sold by the aforementioned brands:

Rukka doesn’t publish the thickness or weight of the armored pads, although they’re all surprisingly light despite their size. The protectors integrate numerous, big-sized air vents throughout their chassis, which goes a long way in trimming excessive weight off the pads.

The perimeter in all D3O Air XTR protectors is tapered, which again trims weight off as well as overall bulk.

Thus, while the vast extension of the armored pads will make its presence be visually discernible (under your motorcycle clothing) to the naked eye, the pads do not protrude squarely but, rather, elegantly and discreetly.

I’d go as far as saying that the generic D3O CE Level 2 armored pads stand out more in visual protrusion than these bigger Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors.

Rukka paid special attention to the design of its latest D3O Air XTR armor and not only to its rendered impact protection, and the visual footprint of these new Rukka motorcycle protectors is quite low-key.

The Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors are exquisitely comfortable for all-day riding. You can blast around off road from morning till dusk or tour away your day with these D3O Air XTR protectors in absolute comfort.

This newer viscoelastic-foam technology from D3O as implemented in the construction of every Rukka D3O Air XTR protector is superior to previous iterations, and the chassis of all armored pads is increasingly responsive with no binding or hindering of one’s range of motion while riding any kind of motorcycle or while off one’s motorcycle walking around.

As it is habitual with D3O’s proprietary viscoelastic foam, the viscoelastic-foam chassis of the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors is mediocre in its heat-contouring performance when compared to the viscoelastic foam implemented in premium motorcycle armor such as that of SAS-TEC or Forcefield.

This isn’t Rukka’s fault per se; instead, an (almost) absent heat-contouring effect is a known characteristic of D3O’s viscoelastic foam. As such, the D3O Air XTR protectors will adapt to your body with minimal heat contouring and the protectors will not soften much further when worn for as long as you want.

For the record, all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors are soft and very cushioning in stock form; it’s just that the D3O viscoelastic foam doesn’t take advantage of one’s emanated body heat so as to literally melt and become a second skin like similar viscoelastic foams from other competitors to D3O do.

The good news is that the design, size and shape of these Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors is so excellent so as to not be affected by a lack of heat-contouring performance.

Moreover, while it is true that D3O’s generic motorcycle armor is very polarizing (you either like it or you don’t), the D3O Air XTR armor from Rukka is one that every rider will love since these Rukka armored pads are superbly designed to yield superior safety, comfort and ventilation.

Venting performance is yet-another winning aspect of the Rukka D3O Air XTR armor versus competing premium armor. All protectors flow air in and out as if it’s going out of style.

The venting performance of these D3O Air XTR protectors is unmatched and is truly the best out of all big players in the motorcycle-armor market segment.

Besides, the huge air vents punched throughout the chassis of every Rukka D3O Air XTR protector act as effective sweat exits so as to channel your secreted sweat outward and hence avoid localized sweat condensation (e.g. clamminess) or hot spots when riding in absurdly-hot weather.

Let’s tell you more about each protector as it concerns design, comfort and ventilation.

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: Knee and shin protectors

The Rukka D3O Air XTR knee and shin armor lacks any vertical tapering of its chassis, which augments the protectors’ armored coverage.

Measured thickness of the armored pads at thickest point is 15 millimeters, which is average for high-end CE Level 2 limb armor.

The D3O Air XTR knee and shin protectors are cupped linearly, thus they adapt and position accurately to not just the knees but also the shins.

The protectors incorporate carved dents just below the knee cup, which aids tremendously in tracking the knees’ flexing and extending. Comfort is sublime and there’s zero rubbing or pinching of the protectors, even when worn inside snug-fitting motorcycle jeans.

Venting performance is head and shoulders above competing CE Level 2 knee protectors.

Buy these latest Rukka knee and shin protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: Elbow protectors

The Rukka D3O Air XTR elbow armor parallels the same shape and vertical armored coverage of the knee/shin protectors.

Measured thickness of the armored pads at thickest point is also 15 millimeters, and the cupping of the elbow section is so pronounced so as to yield lateral armored coverage to the elbow joint on the spot.

The D3O Air XTR elbow protectors sport carved dents just below the elbow cup, which maximizes compliance and tracking of the armor’s chassis.

Riding comfort, as you’ve guessed it, is fantastic and devoid of irritating nuisances thanks to the incredibly-malleable construction of the viscoelastic foam.

Venting performance is in a league of its own versus competing CE Level 2 elbow armor.

Buy these latest Rukka elbow protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: Shoulder protectors

The Rukka D3O Air XTR shoulder armor has a very-peculiar circular shape to its chassis.

Usually, CE Level 2 shoulder armor is significantly longer than it is wider, but the D3O Air XTR shoulder protectors are almost as long as they are wide.

Such circular-shaped perimeter combined with the enormous surface area and pronounced cupping of the chassis works altogether to render superior armored coverage unlike that of any rivaling CE Level 2 shoulder armor.

Measured thickness of the armored pads at thickest point is also 15 millimeters, yet these Rukka D3O Air XTR shoulder protectors feel much lighter than their imposing burly physique would otherwise hint.

The protectors’ perimeter incorporates several dents per each side and the rendered riding comfort is possibly the best that I’ve experienced at present with any CE Level 2 shoulder protectors.

The uber-flexible viscoelastic foam of the Rukka D3O Air XTR shoulder protectors really hugs the upper back and upper arms in spite of the chassis’ trivial heat-contouring performance.

Venting performance is also the best thus far of any CE Level 2 shoulder armor currently in the marketplace.

Buy these latest Rukka shoulder protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: Hip protectors

As with the shoulder armor, the Rukka D3O Air XTR hip armor features an uncommonly-shaped perimeter.

The D3O Air XTR hip protectors integrate very-deep dents carved into their chassis for additional flex and compliance, which makes the hip protectors look shaped like the letter “H” when placed laterally.

Due to their deeply-dented chassis, these Rukka hip protectors are the only ones within the D3O Air XTR armor lineup to be of similar size to competing CE Level 2 hip armor.

The previous Rukka D3O Air hip-armor iteration was actually slightly bigger than the current D3O Air XTR hip protectors, as the former wasn’t so deeply dented and instead resembled a “C” shape. Ditto for Alpinestars Nucleon KR-HR hip protectors.

Measured thickness of the armored pads at thickest point is also 15 millimeters, although there’s a rapid taper of the chassis’ thickness toward the protectors’ perimeter.

The Rukka D3O Air XTR hip protectors are all-day-riding armor to spend hours upon hours on the saddle without a shred of discomfort. The pre-shaped cupping built into the chassis is undoubtedly a contributing factor to the protectors’ total comfort.

Likewise, venting performance is phenomenal and an improvement over its D3O Air predecessor.

Buy these latest Rukka hip protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O CP1/L1 chest armor

The Rukka D3O CP1 chest armor is designed and shaped as per the commonality of split-chest armored pads. On the other hand, though, these Rukka chest protectors are slightly larger than competing split-chest armor.

Measured thickness of the armored pads at thickest point is 11 millimeters, which is on the thin side for CE Level 1 split-chest armored pads.

Due to their slim construction and generously-perforated chassis, the Rukka D3O CP1/L1 chest protectors are so pliable and flexible so as to not be noticeable when worn inside your Rukka motorcycle jacket or inside any-other branded motorcycle jacket.

Of course, riding comfort is magnificent as so is venting performance. The Rukka D3O CP1 chest protectors excel well above the norm in both all-day comfort and ventilation.

Buy these latest Rukka chest protectors at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Rukka D3O Air XTR armor: All-Back protector

The Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector continues upon the traditional elongated shape of the previous Rukka D3O Air back protector.

The Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is designed as per the standard D3O BP4 Level 2 back protector, and there are three sizes available of the Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector; this is the only protector within the D3O Air XTR armor lineup to feature more than one size.

The Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is 21.5 millimeters thick at its thickest point, which is on par with the thickness of top-end CE Level 2 back protectors.

The Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is exceptionally comfortable and a joy to behold as it relates to innate flexibility and softness.

The nicely-tapered perimeter enables the back protector to not feel as though you’re wearing a brick atop your back, which is otherwise the case with some CE Level 2 back protectors from other brands.

Additionally, the back protector implements a textile backing on the inner face of the chassis (i.e. the side facing your back) which is extremely helpful in amplifying rendered comfort as the textile fabric neutralizes any potential rubbing of such a huge armored pad.

But the best feature of the Rukka D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is, simply put, its venting and breathability.

The numerous gigantic air vents punched in the chassis of the back protector turn the D3O Air XTR All-Back protector into an air-flowing machine that’s unrivaled when it comes to keeping you cool and fresh while enduring high temperatures.

I’m not exaggerating one single iota when I state that Rukka’s D3O Air XTR All-Back protector is, at the moment, the most air-friendly and ventilated CE Level 2 back protector that money can buy.

Buy this latest Rukka back protector at affordable prices HERE with low-cost international shipping!

Quality of materials

The Rukka D3O Air XTR armor lineup and all protectors that it comprises are of top quality through and through.

What elevates the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors to motorcycle-armor stardom is the attention to detail paid by the folks at Rukka so as to utilize D3O’s viscoelastic foam and come up with stoic motorcycle armor that has the unique Rukka allure attached to it.

From the very-first second that you glance at these D3O Air XTR protectors, you immediately know that they are Rukka motorcycle protectors. No one in the industry makes an entire lineup of CE Level 2 motorcycle protectors blending rider protection, saddle comfort and venting performance in such gigantic chassis.

Even the protectors’ packaging gives off a premium vibe in itself.

After wearing all reviewed protectors for extended periods of time inside different motorcycle jackets, street-riding pants, touring motorcycle clothing and racing suits, I can confirm that the Rukka D3O Air XTR armor lineup is, from head to toe, impeccably heavy-duty, resilient, compliant, comfortable, ergonomic and protective.

All protectors are exempt of any wear-and-tear signs and they have not shown any weaknesses or begged for mercy after some (unintentional) crashing while wearing them off-road.

As it goes, all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors have performed with utmost excellence in all capabilities demanded from premium motorcycle armor.

My only minor complaint to report of in this section of our review is the overall value for money in the grand scheme of things. Sure, the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors are top-quality armor and they’re designed exclusively for Rukka, but the protectors cost twice as much as other premium CE Level 2 motorcycle armor.

If you’re buying the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors so as to retrofit them to your Rukka motorcycling apparel, then the protectors are worth every penny and cent.

Conversely, if you’re buying the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors as replacement armor to retrofit to your non-Rukka motorcycling apparel, the protectors are still very much worth purchasing, but there’s no denying that you’re paying a premium (i. e. extra) for the D3O name since any motorcycle armor utilizing D3O’s proprietary viscoelastic foam will always be more expensive than the likes of SAS-TEC, Forcefield and even Alpinestars.

Out of all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors, I would personally buy the knee/shin protectors and shoulder protectors even if they were more expensive since their inherent massiveness and shape so happens to fit inside some of my non-Rukka sportbike jackets and armored undershirts.

Size matters in motorcycle armor, and these two sets of Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors in particular are unrivaled in armored coverage.

Advantages of the Rukka D3O Air XTR armor

On to the advantages of the D3O Air XTR protectors from Rukka:

• Among the best CE Level 2 armor that your wallet can get you. Period.
• Withstands repeated impacts and crashing without losing impact-protective performance.
• Most-extensive armored coverage in CE Level 2 armor. These Rukka protectors make some direct competitors look Mickey-Mouse sized.
• One of the best aftermarket options as replacement armor to retrofit to any non-Rukka motorcycle garments.
• In particular, the D3O Air XTR knee/shin protectors are among a select few that are simultaneously CE-certified as Level 2 knee armor and shin armor. This is a big feat for premium limb armor since the majority of top-end CE Level 2 knee armor is not certified as CE Level 2 shin armor. Starting to see now why I love these Rukka protectors so much?
• Improved ergonomics and fit over previous D3O Air armor lineup.
• Best airflow and venting performance of all CE Level 2 motorcycle armor at present.
• Stupendous breathability as the punched air vents act as effective exits to evacuate secreted sweat and hence promote a continuous rider-cooling effect.
• No hot spots or clamminess when riding in hot weather or high temperatures.
• Precise tracking and compliance, whether riding an ADV motorcycle off road or a sportbike on a racetrack.
• Responsive viscoelastic-foam construction (note: not to be confused with heat contouring).
• Epic pre-shaped cupping means that all limb protectors fit perfectly right off the bat and remain solidly positioned and planted when wearing them.
• Engineered to not bind or limit your range of motion.
• Extremely comfortable for all-day riding.
• Same majestic comfort regardless of motorcycle being ridden, riding style or type of motorcycle clothing being worn.
• Comfort-fabric backing on back protector (more companies could do with implementing this nice comfort detail).
• Soft construction translates into zero pinching, digging, rubbing, pressure points or intrusiveness.
• Impressively lightweight given the protectors’ sheer size.
• Barely protruding when inserted into any motorcycle garments thanks to the on-point tapering of the chassis and perimeter.
• Versatility at its finest since the protectors’ compliance and comfort is suitable for all riding conditions.
• Top-quality construction and heavy-duty build. Made to last and withstand anything throw their way.
• Unisex fitment.
• No weird smells or odors.
• Does not leach dye or stain clothing.
• Will not be affected by riding in heavy rain, unlike some competing soft-foam armor.
• All protectors are effortlessly removed from any motorcycle garment’s armor pockets due to the superb pliability of the viscoelastic-foam construction.
• Head-turning aesthetics, even though the protectors are concealed inside armor-specific pockets so their aesthetics won’t be appreciated by others, but you’ll sure do (just like I did when I first laid my hands on them!).
• D3O: one of the leading companies specializing in protective armor and a sure bet when choosing a company to partner with when launching a new range of motorcycle armor.
• Rukka: one of the leading brands within the premium market segment for motorcycling apparel. Rukka is a highly reputable and trustworthy name and brand with years of experience putting out some of the best motorcycle clothing in the industry.

Disadvantages of the Rukka D3O Air XTR armor

On to the disadvantages of the D3O Air XTR protectors from Rukka:

• Lack of “T-” CE certification for back protector when competing top-end CE Level 2 back protectors are also CE-certified to “T-“.
• Hip armor is paradoxically smaller (although only by a tiny margin) than the previous Rukka D3O Air hip protectors.
• Average (at best) heat-contouring performance as opposed to other premium viscoelastic CE Level 2 armor. Thankfully, the superlative ergonomic design and shape of all D3O Air XTR protectors more than makes up for D3O’s notoriously-mediocre heat contouring.
• Priced at the high end of the spectrum in comparison to direct competitors.
• Not as readily available for purchasing as cheaper motorcycle armor. You will only find Rukka’s protectors (and garments) in select online stores. The best place to buy these reviewed Rukka motorcycle protectors at solid prices is directly from HERE (knee/shin armor), HERE (elbow armor), HERE (shoulder armor), HERE (hip armor), HERE (chest armor) and HERE (back armor).

Concluding our review of the Rukka D3O Air XTR armor

In a nutshell, Rukka’s D3O Air XTR armor lineup excels in all three main performance indicators sought after in premium motorcycle armor: protection, comfort, and ventilation.

Many a time, you will come across highly-protective motorcycle armor that’s also comfortable to wear but which offers insignificant venting performance. Or you’ll find comfortable armor that’s certainly very air-friendly but which yields ridiculous impact-protective performance. Rukka circumvents this conundrum with its D3O Air XTR armor by bringing high-performance harmony to all that we motorcycling consumers care about in premium motorcycle armor.

The Rukka D3O Air XTR range of motorcycle protectors is sublime as motorcycle armor for Rukka-branded motorcycle garments as well as for non-Rukka motorcycle garments.

The oversized peculiarities of these D3O Air XTR protectors from Rukka (e.g. monumental size or massive air vents built into the chassis) are exactly what make this latest iteration of Rukka motorcycle armor that much-more special and awesome.

Whether you own one of Rukka’s most-epic motorcycle garments (as seen here) or you own epic motorcycle garments from other brands, the Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors should be at the top of your shopping list when buying new motorcycle armor.

Motorcycle Gear Hub’s seal of approval and most recommended!

Rating

The editorial rating awarded to the Rukka D3O Air XTR armor is based upon the product’s expected use (and abuse) as well as the product’s total features when compared to its direct competitors:

• Protection: 5/5
• Fitment: 5/5
• Design: 4.5/5
• Quality of materials: 5/5
• Value for money: 4/5

Motorcycle Gear Hub rating: 4.5/5

Grab all Rukka D3O Air XTR protectors at the best prices and with very-affordable worldwide shipping HERE (knee/shin armor), HERE (elbow armor), HERE (shoulder armor), HERE (hip armor), HERE (chest armor) and HERE (back armor).

Last Updated: 27th March 2021

Real Athlete Reviews: Under Armour Charge BB

This performance review is brought to you by Ryan and Kyle, a two-man team who take a particular interest in basketball shoes, especially their performance on court. We currently play basketball at the high school and AAU level, which gives our reviews a unique perspective, since we play games almost daily and at a high pace.
If you have any questions not answered in this review, feel free to send us an email at [email protected], and we will do our best to give you an answer.

Under Armour Charge BB

The Charge BB is the latest basketball shoe from Under Armour. The shoe has already made a splash thanks to its outlandish design. We take it to the court to find out if it lives up to the hype.

Traction

The Charge BB’s outsole consists of two pods with a herringbone pattern for traction and translucent rubber with small diamond indents for texture. When we tested the shoes, we didn’t get much traction from the two pods. Because they’re placed on the sides of the shoe, they didn’t help much with cuts. Instead, we mostly depended on the translucent rubber for traction, which ended up attracting a lot of dust over the course of the game. At least at first, if you don’t wipe your shoes after almost every possession, you may find yourself slipping during hard cuts.

Cushioning

This being an Under Armour shoe, the Charge BB uses full-length foam Micro G cushioning, which was a bit firm at first but quickly wore in. Overall, it had good balance between cushion and support, but did not provide as soft of a ride as other foams we have tried, such as Nike’s Lunarlon or Jordan Brand’s Podulon.

Breathability

The shoe does not have many spots for ventilation. The only real spot for airflow is the gap between the upper and heel collar. Breathability may be lacking a bit, but it didn’t hinder the shoe’s overall performance. 

Comfort

The shoe uses Under Armour’s HeatGear lining and padding for support. The lining was soft and remained comfortable throughout play. The Charge BB also includes two large, comfortable pads in the front and back, dramatically improving comfort for such a high shoe.

Support/Fit

Support is where this shoe really shines. A mid-foot shank provides good arch support, but the real star of the shoe is the ankle support. The Charge BB’s super-high design is not a gimmick. It provides excellent ankle support. Unfortunately, in our experience, the shoe’s fit was not quite as good as its support. Although the lower part was snug, the collar area had a lot of dead space. If there were an additional lace lock at the top, the fit could have been fantastic.

Lockdown

There was dead space in the area above the ankle, but the Charge BB still had decent lockdown. We didn’t experience any slippage in the heel or mid-foot.

Our Take

The Under Armour Charge BB is perfect for large players who need extra ankle support. Centers and power forwards will enjoy the shoe’s comfort and support without really noticing issues with traction. If you’re a guard who depends on quick cuts, however, we’d recommend something closer to the CP3.VI.
Traction: Below Average
Cushioning: Above Average
Breathability: Poor
Comfort: Excellent
Support: Excellent
Fit: Average
Lockdown: Excellent
Overall: B-/B

Real Athlete Reviews

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Nike LeBron 9
adidas Crazy Light 2
Nike Lunar Hyperdunk
CP3.VI

Best Women’s Compression Leggings 2021

Danielle Daly

What if your leggings could do more than just cover your butt and absorb all your sweat? What if they could actually help you have a better workout?

Compression leggings, in theory, are meant to increase blood flow to your lower muscles during exercise, and subsequently bring more oxygen to them, explains Natasha Trentacosta, M.D., sports medicine specialist and orthopedic surgeon at Cedars-Sinai Kerlan-Jobe Institute in Los Angeles. However, there’s just as much research confirming that wearing compression garments helps improve running endurance or cycling sprints as saying it doesn’t change a thing.

That said, a lot of athletes swear that wiggling into a pair is a game-changer. “Some people actually feel their strength and power improve while exercising in [compression tights], particularly during explosive movements, like plyometrics and heavy lifting,” says David Geier, M.D., sports medicine specialist and orthopaedic surgeon in Charleston, SC.

Plus, a 2018 study review by French researchers found wearing compression garments after a sweat sesh can help you feel somewhat less sore and less tired.

Compression can range from limp handshake to boa-constrictor tight, so it’s important to pay attention to the fit. “Make sure that they aren’t excessively tight, constricting motion, or uncomfortable at the joints, namely the knees and ankles,” Geier says. And ultimately, find the fit that feels comfortable to you.

That means go try on a lot of pairs. Here are 21 to start with.

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1

Mid-Rise Compression Tights

2XU
amazon.com

The Australian activewear company offers tights for pretty much every activity. This mid-rise style squeezes all the right places in a breathable, lightweight fabric ideal for both low- and high-impact training.

Average rating: 3.8/5

Number of reviews: 114

Reviewer rave: “Bought these for my first Spartan race and glad that I did! Saved my legs through all of the obstacles and cleaned up well after the roll in the mud, climb over the walls, crawl under the barbed wire race. I will get much use out of these tights in my runs and in my training.”

2

7/8 Springs Leggings

Outdoor Voices
outdoorvoices.com

$30.00

OV’s sculpting and supporting compression material has earned the brand a cult following. The 7/8 Springs Legging offer their signature fabric in their standard color-blocking aesthetic.

Average rating: 4.3/5

Number of reviews: 173

Reviewer rave: “Not only do these leggings fit like a glove, but they look great! The color changes hit at all the right places. I’m constantly getting compliments on them.”

3

Zoned In Tight Leggings

Lululemon
lululemon.com

$148.00

These leggings are part of Lulu’s “held-in sensation” line, which is designed to feel like a perfectly snug hug, supporting your muscles through every movement. Bonus feature: the secure back pocket.

Average rating: 3.8/5

Number of reviews: 197

Reviewer rave: “Loved these leggings! The material is thick enough so they’re definitely squat proof for leg day! The high rise is actually high and goes over my belly button. Fits a little snug but because of that it really defines your legs! Definitely a great buy!”

4

Aero Tights

Oiselle
oiselle.com

$96.00

The for-women, by-women brand overdelivers with these cute leggings that not only boast compression fabric, but also a super-slimming high waist, usable rear pocket, and flattering seams.

Average rating: 4.5/5

Number of reviews: 13

Reviewer rave: “I went for a seven-mile run in the new Aero Tights today and forgot I was wearing them. My only regret about these pants is that I don’t own enough to wear one to work, to run, to sleep. That’s how amazing they are.”

5

High-Rise Compression Leggings

Old Navy
oldnavy.gap.com

$22.00

Everything you need without the muss and fuss, these leggings offer strategic compression, a slimming waistband, and sweat-wicking fabric—and probably cost less than your fitness class.

Average rating: 4.6/5

Number of reviews: 1,337

Reviewer rave: “I shopped around for leggings and found these to be a great fit at a great price. They are also extremely comfortable considering they are compression leggings. They hold you in and give your body a smooth shape while, at the same time, being lightweight. I even checked to make sure that I remembered to put on pants at one point during the day!”

6

Endurance Generator Joint and Muscle Support Compression Tight

CW-X
amazon.com

The patented tech mimics kinesiology tape that trainers use to help your muscles and joints during movement. This pair is specifically designed to support the demands of serious miles underfoot with sculpted compression and max shock absorption.

Average rating: 3.9/5

Number of reviews: 58

Reviewer rave: “If I could replace all of my running gear with compression tights, I would. I am training for a marathon and…I usually deal with some dull knee pain in my left knee past mile six or so, but I didn’t feel it at all in these tights. My hips felt very supported the whole time, and I think wearing them seriously alleviated a lot of the stiffness and soreness I usually feel after a long run.”

7

Every Wear Mesh Contour Leggings

Spanx
amazon.com

Score Spanx’s signature lifting and shaping technology alongside its performance fabric, offering four-way stretch and antimicrobial properties.

Average rating: 2.9/5

Number of reviews: 4

Reviewer rave: “They fit perfectly [in] tightness, feel, and support.”

8

Women’s Running Response Long Tight

In addition to strategic compression to keep your blood flowing, these tights are perfect for running at night with their moisture-wicking Climalite fabric and reflective details.

Average rating: 3.6/5

Number of reviews: 16

Reviewer rave: “Affordable and worked well. I ran a marathon in 30+ degree weather last month and these tights kept my legs going. I ran a new PR too!”

9

DNAmic Women’s Compression Tights

Skins
amazon.com

The British activewear brand exclusively makes compression gear from a warp-knitted mix of yarns. Their basic DNAmic Core tights combine its quality technology with super-fun patterns to put a little pep in your muscle-supported step.

Average rating: 4.5/5

Number of reviews: 57

Reviewer rave: “These are really great quality, nice thick material that’s not see through and comfortable for all day wear (p.e. teacher) and held up well for yoga and spin classes.”

10

GFast High Rise Blackout Leggings

These compression leggings will keep you smooth and supported during your workout with seams designed to prevent chafing.

Average rating: 4.6/5

Number of reviews: 91

Reviewer rave: “These are the best pants ever! They’re so flattering, not see-through and the high waist holds you in and also allows you to really be supported during your intense workout!”

11

Fly Fast Printed Tights

Under Armour
amazon.com

$65.00

This ultra-tight compression fabric feels like moving in a second skin. It offers heat control to keep you perfectly regulated and a wide, flat waistband to let you move without worry.

Average rating: 3.2/5

Number of reviews: 7

Reviewer rave: “Love these. […] I thought it was true to size. They are compression leggings so they may seem tight and small when you pull them out of the package, but trust me, they are a great fit! Looks better in person!”

12

Women’s Compression Pants

This aptly named brand makes quality compression gear for athletes, by athletes. Its smooth, sweat-wicking fabric will stay in place while you work out—and keep you looking v cute.

Average rating: 4.3/5

Number of reviews: 2,571

Reviewer rave: “These are AMAZING. They look like they are children’s sized but MAN DO THEY STRETCH lol. They are soft, extremely comfortable; they hold you in and don’t stretch out.”

13

Compressive High-Rise Legging

Girlfriend Collective
girlfriend.com

$58.00

Sustainable activewear brand Girlfriend Collective is crushing it with these leggings—crushing water bottles, specifically. Made from recycled plastic, these high-waisted leggings offer strategic compression in a simple, single-color design.

Average rating: 4.5/5

Number of reviews: 287

Reviewer rave: “I now own three pairs of Girlfriend leggings… and will absolutely buy more. These are my FAVORITE leggings. So comfortable. So versatile. So soft. And I love that they’re made from plastic bottles.”

14

Zero Gravity Running Leggings

Sweaty Betty
sweatybetty.com

$29.00

Made from ultra-lightweight, sweat-wicking, high-compression fabric, these leggings will lift your bum and hug your curves till the finish line. 

Average rating: 4.4/5

Number of reviews: 277

Reviewer rave: “These are by far the best leggings I have ever owned. I love the fit, the feel, and they are super flattering. Totally worth the price!”

15

Compression Lux High Waist Midi Leggings

Beyond Yoga
amazon.com

These high-waisted leggings feature three layers of banded compression mesh to keep everything tight during down dog. Bonus: They’re made from recycled fabric, so you can feel as good about them as you look in them.

Average rating: 3.4/5

Number of reviews: 3

Reviewer rave: “Absolutely wonderful leggings. They never pill, and stay in great shape for an excessively long time.”

16

Women’s Full Length Performance Compression Pants

Reebok
amazon.com

One word to describes these leggings? Versatile. They’re made to be worn for every activity from yoga to running—all while staying put, no matter how much you sweat and move.  

Average rating: 4.2/5

Number of reviews: 121

Reviewer rave: “Super-comfortable pants and long legs. (I don’t usually have much baggage around my ankle, but these have a bit and I like that.) Also snug around the waist; they stay up and stretch relatively well.” 

17

HeatGear Armour Mesh Ankle Crop

Under Armour
amazon.com

Thanks to its mesh cut-out, sweat-wicking material, and super-light HeatGear fabric®, these leggings stand out for their A+ breathability. Not only do they keep you cool and dry at every mile, but they also work hard to prevent growth of odor-causing microbes thanks to a special anti-odor technology.  

Average rating: 3.9/5 

Number of reviews: 12

Reviewer rave: “I have lots of UA tights. This is gonna be one of my favorite tights. It’s stylish and comfortable. I love the look and how it fits.”

18

Women’s Sculpt Hyper Tights

Nike
amazon.com

With “sculpt” in the name, you just know these bad boys have an excellent, body-hugging fit. Also helping them score major comfort points? A thick, high-rise waistband that promises to stay put. 

Average rating: 5/5 

Number of reviews: 2

Reviewer rave: “These are great and fit true to size.”

19

Women’s 27″ Therma-Star Brushed Compression Leggings

Starter
amazon.com

$20.20

With these sleek running tights in your leggings repertoire, you’ll never stand down to winter again. That’s because they’re made to withstand even the coldest of temps (shout out to its special technology that keeps you warm!) and to power through any kind of weather thanks to its ergonomic seams that provide maximum support. 

Average rating: 3.8/5

Number of reviews: 3

Reviewer rave: “Bought them to wear under dress pants to keep warm. I think they will work well for that, but I also just like them for around the house. Great deal!

20

Active Women’s Yoga Compression Leggings

Made of a dense-knit, 4-way elastic fabric, these powerful pants promise total coverage through every workout, meaning no see through moments even in the most downward of dogs. They also have a wide, high-rise waistband that’s designed to tuck you in and contour your curves. Look good? Feel good? Do good? Check, check, and check. 

Average rating: 4/5

Number of reviews: 125

Reviewer rave: “They are SO comfortable! Fit great. And I like the mesh on the leg. It makes it cooler on a hot day. […] I will probably buy another later on. They’re like a second skin. And look awesome too. Have good compression. Comfortably tight, not overly tight. It’s like walking around half naked really, they’re that comfy and thin but not skimpy.”

21

Women’s XT Compression Tights

Zensah
amazon.com

These lightweight tights encourage and allow full-range of motion so you can perform your best, every. single. time. They also offer optimal compression for hip to ankle recovery and reflective details for night visibility and safety. Talk about a powerful pair of pants….

Average rating: 3.5/4

Number of reviews: 12

Reviewer rave: “So far I am very impressed. The pants fit very comfortably, but not so snug that they get uncomfortable. They stay in place, don’t ride up, and they do compress as described.”

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SSD MTOK-B2 / 216-1KT3645-K-44 – main coupling (wire armor, transit)

Dead-end transit sleeve SSD MTOK-B2 / 216-1KT3645-K-44 is intended for installation of any underground optical cable (OC) laid in soils of all categories, as well as underwater optical cables laid through rivers, lakes and swamps. This is achieved through the use of special cable glands.

The sleeve provides an oval inlet for the transit loop of optical modules without cutting.Layout of the hinges of the modules is carried out on the tray on the opposite side of the cassettes.

The MTOK-B2 / 216-1KT3645-K-44 clutch is similar to the MTOK-B1 / 216-1KT3645-K-44 clutch, except for the method of sealing the casing and headrest, as well as the presence of stiffeners on the casing. The method of sealing the case with the head end in the MTOK-B2 coupling is mechanical and is carried out using a stainless steel clamp.

Cable entry, fixing and sealing of cable entries is carried out with the help of special cable glands.A special insulating plate is installed on the head of the coupling, which, in combination with special bushings, provides unique characteristics and capabilities:

• reliable fixation of armored cable (withstands tensile forces up to 15 kN),
• protection against twisting armored OK during operation,
• the presence of an electrical contact of the OK armor with the body of a special input (fitting),
• the ability to isolate or connect the armor of all OK directly in the sleeve,
• ensuring longitudinal sealing of introduced OK,
• Possibility of withdrawing from the armor of each OK grounding wire (instrumentation).

Coupling MTOK-B2 / 216-1KT3645-K-44 is supplied complete with two special inputs No. 4.

The oval sleeve of the coupling can be used for one of the following cases:

1. entry of 4 thin cables, including grounding wires (instrumentation)
2. cable transit loop entry
3. entry of two cables with a diameter of up to 25 mm.

In the second and third cases, for sealing it is necessary to additionally purchase cable gland No. 9.

Without a transit loop, the total number of cables inserted into the joint can be up to eight.

In the case of installing a coupling in pits as an additional mechanical and mud protection, you should additionally purchase MCHZ or MPZ protective couplings, which are selected according to the type of soil. To install the coupling in cable duct wells or cable entry rooms, an additional bracket is purchased for installing dead-end couplings in the wells.

Delivery set of SSD MTOK-B2 / 216-1KT3645-K-44

Video: MTOK-B2 / 216 coupling installation

You can buy SSD MTOK-B2 / 216-1KT3645-K-44 – trunk coupling (wire armor, transit) from SvyazKomplekt at a profitable
price.SVYAZSTROYDETAL 130103-00825: description, photo,
characteristics, instructions, reviews.
Look analogs 130103-00825 in the category: Optical cable and components of FOCL, SSD MTOK – optical sleeves, MTOK ground trunk couplings (special inputs)

Testing of wires and cables | VNIIKP

Testing of cables with mineral insulation and winding wires with enamel, fiber and other types of insulation

Applications for tests, please send by e-mail: omp @ vniikp.ru

The application must indicate:

• Brand of the cable product;
• Name of the normative and technical documentation, according to which the cable product was manufactured;
• List of tests of interest, indicating test methods.

Testing of cables with mineral insulation and winding wires with enamel, fiber and other types of insulation:

Cable products

• Mineral insulated cables
• Winding wires with enamel insulation
• Winding wires with fibrous and other types of insulation
• Electrical insulating varnishes
• Electrical insulating films

Indicators and tests carried out with cable products:

• Design and geometrical dimensions
• Resistance to external influences
• Resistance to low temperatures
• Resistance to high temperatures
• Resistance to thermal shock
• Adhesion strength
• Thermoplasticity of insulation
• Tightness of the outer sheath
• Voltage at low voltage switchgear and at temperature
• Electrical resistance of cores
• Electrical resistance of insulation
• Electrical capacity at low voltage switchgear and at temperature
• Voltage test, breakdown voltage
• Thermal electromotive force (TEMF)
• Response temperature
• Adhesion
• Maintenance
• Insulation resistance to exposure to solvents, oil and water
• Elongation
• Resilience
• Number of point damage
• Mechanical strength in abrasion or pulling 90 014
• Flexural strength
• Wound test
• Elasticity
• Fire resistance

Electrical insulating varnishes

• Viscosity
• The appearance of the varnish and the presence of mechanical impurities
• Content of non-volatile substances
• Content of volatile organic compounds

Electrical insulating films

• Strength at break
• Elongation at break
• Adhesion strength
• Dielectric strength at alternating voltage

How to choose armored fiber optic cable

Serious requirements are imposed on modern telecommunication systems in terms of organizing safe high-speed information transmission.For this, various technologies are used. For example, armored fiber optic cable can be used.

What does armored fiber mean

If the fiber is said to be rodent-proof, it means that the cable has a protective metal armor. But do not be afraid that the cost of such a cable will be very high. In fact, the armor is made from available materials, which is why the cable has an affordable cost.

What are the types of metal fiber optic armor? Today, two main types can be distinguished.

1. Laminated steel tape armor. Usually, such a tape is bent along, this is necessary so that the edges of this tape are one on top of the other. The result is an armor in the form of such a tube. And in order to increase the permissible compressive force, this tube is also corrugated. Typically this type of protection is used for general purpose fiber cables.They can be seen at shkos m 1u 2 , for example.
2. Armor made of galvanized steel wire. The main purpose of this protection is the ability to provide a breaking force greater than the allowable one. In addition, protection against rodents is also carried out. This type of cable is used for grounding. And today, based on the standards of the Russian Federation, it is precisely such a cable that must be used in the process of building primary networks.

What kind of armored fiber is

In addition to the armor options described above, other options can be used. So, for example, to reduce the cost of installation work, you can use a cable in which steel corrugated armor is used as protection. This fiber optic option belongs to a special purpose. Typically, such a cable is used for underwater installation.

In the event that it is required to install a cable in which there are no metal components at all, then optical fiber with non-metallic armor is used.Such armor can be, for example, polyamide, the thickness of which must be at least half a millimeter. Or it can be polypropylene (thin layer). Such a cable will have a lower cost. And, if you look, for example, what is the sc sc optical patch cord price , then the communication node will really not cost so much.

It is also possible to use a very dense layer of fiberglass threads, which will simultaneously play a power role.

How to choose the right cable

In fact, choosing the right cable for a particular situation is quite difficult.Especially if you have no experience with such equipment. Indeed, each type of cable must solve certain problems. And armored fiber optic cable is no exception. In order to correctly choose one or another cable, you must have a certain knowledge in the field of telecommunications. And do not lose sight of the fact that many are trying to balance between certain performance characteristics and the cost of an optical cable. So, not every person can effectively buy fiber-optic cable.

This is why various jobs related to telecommunications technology must be performed by professionals. People with rich experience, who know all the subtleties of this rather complex work. It is not for nothing that the materials are relatively inexpensive, but the lion’s share is taken by the cost of installing this equipment.

Cyberpunk 2077 clothing (best and legendary armor in the game)

Night City holds many secrets, some of which are legendary armor.Here’s our guide to help you find these free legendary armors as you explore the world of Cyberpunk 2077.

For the sake of clarity, we have divided this guide into several parts pertaining to each area of ​​Cyberpunk 2077. All of these items can be found freely in the game world. Therefore, I avoided mentioning the legendary armor, which can be obtained as a quest reward or through crafting.

Tip 1: Before picking up the legendary armor, be sure to save the game.After picking up an item, you can check if it has multiple epic or legendary mods. If you don’t like what it has, you can reload the game to get something better.

Tip 2: In some cases, you can get completely different legendary armor. For example, instead of a Rocker Vest made of two-layer polyamide, you can get a Rocker Foldtop with a reinforced composite lining (which looks strange). We are not sure of the reasons why this is happening.

Cyberpunk 2077 Legendary Clothing (Armor)

Watson District

Here’s the legendary armor you’ll find in the Watson area in Cyberpunk 2077.

1. Breathable organic cotton reinforced corporate trousers.

This legendary armor is found in Northside, so just pick any fast travel point nearby. You will find them on a corpse in an abandoned parking lot.

2.Signature blazer with bulletproof lining.

Go to the power plant until you see a neon sign that says Barely Illegal. You can search the corpse here.

Two legendary suits of armor are found in the southern Northside, near the Arasaka waterfront area:

3. Netrunner pants with double membrane.

Move to Pershing Fast Travel Station, then head northeast. You should see a couple of circular water tanks.

Go up the stairs and you will see a dead Netrunner with legendary armor.

4. Glasses with a holographic badge.

Go quickly to Martin Street and head west to the alley. You will find several gangsters walking nearby, and one even pees on the ground.

Approach the police car in the distance. Here lies a dead police officer with legendary armor.

The last three items are found in the Little China and Kabuki areas:

5.Solo boots in manganese steel with a gold tip.

When you get to Kabuki Market Station, look back and see an alley that leads to another street market.

Go down the steps and left. There is an elevator here.

Upon reaching the third floor, you will find the legendary armor inside the crate.

6. Neotak pants with puncture protection and composite lining.

Get to the tube quickly: Farrier Station and head west.Follow the street until you see neon signs with an apple and several arrows.

The dead police officer has the item you need.

7. Double layer polyamide rocker vest or rocker jacket with reinforced composite lining.

Take a quick trip to Bellevue Crossing. On the left, you should see a staircase that leads to an aisle.

There is an object on the dead body. It may change when you reload your save.

Westbrook District

Here’s the legendary armor you’ll find around Westbrook in Cyberpunk 2077.

The first two are in the Japan Quarter:

1. Skirt of the retainer with a protective layer.

Go to Cherry Blossom Market / Jig-Jig Street. Take a look at the scaffolding shown in the screenshot.

Use the stairs and obstacles to get to them and keep going up.

Eventually you will see a corpse with the right item.

2. Fixer shoes made of elastic fabrics with reinforced seams.

Advise Fast Travel at Crescent & Broad. Near the station, you will see a slope leading to the parking lot.

There is a van with a corpse and a legendary piece of armor.

Cyberpunk 2077 Legendary Armor

Also legendary armor can be found at Charter Hill:

3.Anti-puncture cargo pants

Travel to Lele Park and explore the trendy public spaces nearby. You will notice a store with Cirrus Cola advertisements.

Get to the roof of this shop to find a corpse.

4. Hardened Netrunner boots with composite inserts.

From the previous location, continue east until you see a building with sloping walls.

There is an open grate here that you can check.

This is a corpse with a legendary item.

5. Ergonomic reinforced corporate shoes

Quickly travel to Rue San Amaro and head north. Here is an alley with parked cars and several dead soldiers. One of the soldiers has equipment.

Tsentralny district of the city

Here are the legendary pieces of armor you’ll find in the central area of ​​Cyberpunk 2077.

One item is in the city center and the other is in the corporate square:

1.Puncture-resistant rocker boots or puncture-resistant ankle boots.

From Skyline & Republic Fast Travel, head north towards a narrow street. It leads to the embankment.

To your left you will find a locked gate that needs 12 strength to open it. But you can just step aside and go upstairs.

The corpse has legendary armor here that can change when you load your save.

2.Tech’s shoes with soft aramid soles.

From Arasaka Tower, head south until you reach the highway. You will see a locked gate across the road.

Requires 5 vehicles to open. Here’s a dead guy with armor.

Haywood District

As far as we know, there is only one legendary armor in this sector.

Heat-resistant nanofibre shirt

This item is from Sources:

From Corporation Station, head south along the pier until you are almost at the very end.

You will see a flight of stairs on the right. Below is a corpse with equipment.

Santo Domingo District

You will find several legendary armors in the Santo Domingo area of ​​Cyberpunk 2077.

I’m not sure if you will find anything in the Arroyo area, but Rancho Coronado has quite a lot of armor:

1. Three-layer skirt with aramid weave lock.

Take a quick trip to Kendal Park and make your way to the Ferris wheel.You will see that one of the cars fell to the ground.

You will find the item inside.

2. Scratch resistant polarized aviators.

From the Ferris wheel, follow the winding streets southwest until you reach the canals.

There are shacks in the area below, so they are your clue.

The woman’s body has legendary glasses here.

3. Heavy duty aramid reinforced coat with badge.

Once you spawn at Almunkar and Jerez fast travel point, just look towards the nearest courtyard. You will see a couple of police vans here.

There are two corpses, and both have the same item.

4. Waterproof combat boots with a patch.

In the east of Rancho Coronaro, go to the gun shop. Use obstacles and ladders to get to the roof.

There are a couple of corpses on the south roof.Both have the same legendary armor.

Note: This location is close to where you will find the hidden garage door to start the side quest.

Cyberpunk 2077 legendary clothing where to find

5. Reinforced double-layer cargo pants

Go to Tama Observation Deck and follow the winding road. In the end, you will see several wrecked cars and a corpse with equipment.

6.Hybrid glass tactical goggles.

From Tama Viewpoint or Coronado East Ranch, turn south and follow the winding road.

You will see Arasaki’s billboard as a guide. A box with the item of equipment you need at the bottom.

Pacific and Southern Badlands

As far as I know, there are no legendary armor in the Pacific. However, some of them can be found in the desert.

Here is a map with their location:

1.Hybrid glass tactical goggles.

From the fast travel point of the gas station, head south along the highway until you see a crashed drone next to a blue shipping container.

Inside you will find an item.

2. Nomad jacket made of two-layer microplate mesh

Continue south until you find a curious barn in the middle of the desert.

There are steps leading to the basement, but it takes 13 Strength to open the door.

Legendary armor is inside the box.

3. Armored multimedia unit with a camera.

From the barn, head northeast until you reach a V-shaped intersection.

Here you will notice a couple of trailers, one of which has gear.

Cyberpunk 2077 Best Armor

4. Baseball cap with reactive layer.

There is a regional airport facility with a fast travel point.You should see a tower in the very center of the area.

Climb the tower to find the item bag.

5. Nomad shirt made of polycarbonate with reinforced seams.

From the regional airport, take the nearby road heading east. If you look at the map, there are rock formations on one side of the road.

On the opposite side, you will see a looted van with a corpse. He has equipment.

Eastern Badlands Desert

This area of ​​Cyberpunk 2077 features a pair of legendary armors.

You can see their location on the map below:

1. Thermoactive tear-resistant shirt Technique

From the Sunset Motel Fast Travel Point, follow the dirt road that leads to the mine.

There is a transport container with legendary armor here. The container also has a free Rayfield Calibern vehicle.

You may have already visited this place when you helped the Panamas on the Ghost Town mission.

2. Ultra-thin T-shirt with composite print.

There is a fast travel point called Old Turbines, which, oddly enough, is surrounded by old wind turbines.

In most of the territory of the plain, desert. But you will notice a couple of stones here, surrounded by dead mercenaries. One of the corpses has legendary armor on it.

Anti-gravel film for cars Ultra Vision PPF

Anti-gravel films UltraVision®

UltraVision anti-gravel films can be divided into several categories: polyurethane, composite, hybrid and vinyl with TOP COAT and without TOP COAT.

List of UltraVision PPF Anti-Gravel Films with TOP COAT:

– UV PPF Ultimate

– UV PPF Ultimate Plus

– UV PPF Ultimate Pro

– UV PPF XPL Ultimate Plus

– UV PPF Ultimate Optic

– UV PPF Ultimate Maximum

– UV PPF Platinum

– UV PPF Ultimate Matte

– UV PPF Ultimate Plus Matte

– UV PPF Ultimate Plus BK OUT

Today, UltraVision anti-gravel polyurethane films with TOP COAT significantly surpass films of other American manufacturers in terms of technical and operational properties.

In order not to be unfounded, we recommend everyone to carry out comparative tests themselves with films of different manufacturers in terms of elasticity, strength, self-healing, hydrophobicity, resistance to pollutants, and so on.

For comparative tests, a free distribution of sample catalogs of UltraVision films is available.

Everything is learned in comparison and the quality of anti-gravel films is no exception. We recommend that you watch the video tests conducted by Dream Auto 116 (6 videos), which compare well-known American anti-gravel films with each other, and repeat these experiments ourselves.

Catalog – presentation of UltraVision PPF Ultimate and Ultimate Plus Samples of films, format 150x200mm.

Anti-gravel premium polyurethane films UltraVision PPF with TOP COAT

From the UltraVision range of premium transparencies, there are 4 of the most sought-after films, sold in different price ranges, so that every installer can choose the right material for any task.

UV PPF Ultimate – anti-gravel polyurethane films UV PPF Ultimate do not need special presentation and advertising. UV PPF Ultimate appeared on the Russian and world markets in 2016 and since then has enjoyed a well-deserved popularity among installers. Its quality and characteristics satisfy the needs of most craftsmen and customers.

But there is always someone who continues to work on films of other, more expensive brands. It is for them that the other premium polyurethane film UV PPF Ultimate Plus is intended.

The word Plus in the title means:

Strengthening the adhesion of the adhesive layer

Improvement of the hydrophobic properties of the coating

Improvement of color rendering and gloss

Facilitation of removal of protective liner

Improvement of the varnish layer

Increased resistance to chemical reagents

Self-healing scratches and scuffs even at room temperature.

These additional benefits of UV PPF Ultimate Plus meet the requirements of the most discerning craftsmen.

For installers who prefer to use more budgetary materials, another premium polyurethane film UV PPF Ultimate Pro is intended, which has:

High elasticity and strength typical of premium UltraVision Ultimate and Ultimate Plus films.
Ability to leave minimal folds when working with UV PPF Ultimate PRO, just leave 1mm for folds.
A strong adhesive layer with repositioning quality without the appearance of stretch marks.
Highest level of surface quality.

For installers who prefer to work with the most expensive American films, there is an alternative in the form of premium UltraVision films of the next generation. UV PPF XPL Ultimate Plus is a completely new premium product, which has the advantage of an additional thickened varnish layer, which gives the film not only increased hydrophobic properties, but also a tactile sensation identical to that of expensive American films.

Installers working with this film note the presence of a thicker adhesive layer, which is more tenacious and has repositioning functions, leaves no stretch marks, which makes installation more convenient and predictable.

A list of standard properties found in all UltraVision premium polyurethane films with TOP COAT:

– Elasticity. UltraVision premium films have a higher stretch to break and crack in the lacquer layer.This property greatly facilitates installation, allowing the installation of the film on geometrically complex elements of the car in one solid sheet, while other American films have to be installed with notches. Seamless “one piece” installation of the film significantly increases the aesthetic appeal and integrity of the pasting.

– Durability. UltraVision premium films are highly resistant to physical impact. To damage Ultravision polyurethane films, it is necessary to exert great physical efforts, it is almost impossible to tear, pierce or pierce the films just like that.The increased strength of UltraVision films allows them to withstand stronger mechanical shock loads and protect the car from gravel better than similar American films.

– High surface quality. Premium films UltraVision have a smooth, uniform surface without craters, lacquer deposits and the “orange peel” effect, making your car look as attractive and prestigious as possible.

– Improved color rendering.If you stick samples of films from various American manufacturers on a black car, then through premium UltraVision films the color will be more black and saturated. In installer jargon, this is called “raising the color.” The same thing happens when applying films to red, blue and white colors of cars.

– A repositionable acrylic adhesive with a high adhesive strength that increases over time, facilitates the installation process, making it more confident and predictable.The adhesive layer used on premium UltraVision films allows repositioning, gluing parts with large “minus” lines, and making minimal twists. The high adhesive strength of the adhesive layer prevents peeling or scuffing of the installed film during long-term use of the vehicle.

– Self-healing surface at room temperature. UltraVision premium films begin to “heal” small damages on their own even at room temperature, which makes them more effective in comparison with other similar American films, for which restoration it is necessary to forcefully heat the surface.

UltraVision Premium Matte Films have a virtually scratch-resistant surface.

– Hydrophobic effect. UltraVision premium films are distinguished by a high degree of hydrophobic effect, the ability to repel water and other liquids from their surface. This not only improves the everyday appearance of the vehicle, but also reduces the degree of contamination and the frequency of its washing.

– High resistance to pollutants.The lacquer layer of premium UltraVision films prevents corrosion of polyurethane and car paintwork from chemical influences of a wide variety of nature: traces of insects, resin and plant buds, bird droppings, reagents and chemicals used in the repair and treatment of the roadway.

– Value for money. At UltraVision we always care about the welfare of installers, installation centers and the profitability of their business.

UltraVision anti-gravel premium polyurethane films are superior in quality to polyurethane films of other American manufacturers, while remaining more profitable.The resulting savings can be spent on improving the well-being of your family or further developing your business, because the quality result of pasting with premium UltraVision films will surpass what exists on the PPF market in every price range. As a result, many installers call UltraVision premium polyurethane films the “golden mean”.

– The service life of UltraVision polyurethane films with TOP COAT is 5 years.

UV PPF Ultimate Maximum

Some owners of prestigious and high-speed cars are not satisfied with the standard protection of 200 microns, they need something special. They want a tougher, thicker film. It was for them that the world’s strongest serial anti-gravel polyurethane film UV PPF Ultimate Maximum was created.

Possessing all the positive properties inherent in premium UltraVision films, UV PPF Maximum has the best anti-gravel protection due to its 240 micron thickness and increased adhesive strength.

This anti-gravel film is intended for use of the car in conditions of “high speeds and bad roads”.

UV PPF Ultimate Maximum is so strong that it is almost impossible to tear it by hand, at the same time, the film has high elasticity, which makes its installation quite comfortable and predictable.

UV PPF Optic

UV PPF Ultimate Optic is the most optically clear polyurethane anti-gravel film with TOP COAT. The optical properties of UV PPF Ultimate Optic are comparable to those of glass: you can read text through the film, look at the world around you without significant loss of image quality.

Reducing the transmission of visible light through UV PPF Ultimate Optic by half compared to standard polyurethane films, which leads to a comparative increase in the intensity of the headlight beam and, accordingly, to increase visibility for the driver in poor visibility conditions, as well as to preserve the original factory color of the car body.

UV PPF Platinum – anti-gravel polyurethane film with premium installation, technical and performance characteristics.
Professionals working with the most expensive anti-gravel films will not only see no difference compared to UV PPF Platinum, but will also find a number of advantages in terms of film tensile strength, elasticity, self-healing and hydrophobic properties.

Premium UltraVision films with TOP COAT for detailing

UV PPF Ultimate Matte. The matt polyurethane film with TOP COAT combines protective functions with the aesthetics of a matte finish that will enhance the prestige of your vehicle.

UV PPF Ultimate Plus Matte. Matte anti-gravel polyurethane film with TOP COAT, produced using Ultimate Plus technology. The film gives a greater mattness to the paintwork in comparison with the UV PPF Ultimate Matte film, in other characteristics they are similar.

An exceptional feature of UltraVision matte films is their anti-scratch property.

These films are almost impossible to scratch in the everyday driving conditions.

UV PPF Ultimate Plus BK OUT.The black anti-gravel polyurethane film with TOP COAT imitates the effect of a “panoramic roof”.

UltraVision® Anti-Gravel Composite Films with TOP COAT

UV PPF Composite Until now, anti-gravel films could be divided into polyurethane, hybrid and PVC films. UltraVision®, as a leader in innovative development of materials for car body protection, presents a multicomponent composite film UV PPF Composite with TOP COAT.

UV PPF Composite in terms of protection and performance is between hybrid and polyurethane films, being an alternative replacement for polyurethane films.

UV PPF Composite is superior to hybrid films and slightly inferior to polyurethane films in strength and elasticity. This was achieved as a result of the use in the composition of the film of a high content of polyurethane, plasticizers and the use of balanced selected components.

The ability to take its original shape after slight stretching unites UV PPF Composite with classic polyurethane films and indicates its high degree of elasticity, as well as an increased level of protection against gravel, compared to hybrid films.

High-performance TOP COAT provides UV PPF Composite with a set of properties typical of top anti-gravel films:

• hydrophobic properties
• self-healing property
• resistance to natural pollutants
• attractive gloss

Heavy-duty, repositionable adhesive makes UV PPF Composite installation easy and predictable and reduces film peeling during use.
The cost of UV PPF Composite is less than the cost of polyurethane films, which means it is perfect for those who want to achieve high-quality results at a lower cost.

UV PPF Composite Plus

What is the difference between a polyurethane film and a hybrid or composite film, anyone knows and anyone can determine which product is in front of him, for this it is enough to stretch and tear the film.

Can a hybrid (composite) film be confused with a polyurethane film? Say no, and you would be absolutely right until recently, before the new UV PPF Composite Plus composite film was born.

The new anti-gravel product contains special plasticizers that increase elasticity and strength. Is such a balance of mechanical properties achieved that an ordinary consumer is unlikely to be able to unambiguously determine which product is in front of him, composite or polyurethane?

UV PPF Composite Plus has a standard strength rating comparable to that of conventional American polyurethanes. The same can be said for elasticity.

Key Features UV PPF Composite Plus:

– High strength and elasticity comparable to polyurethane films

– Availability of TOP COAT (varnish layer)

– High degree of color rendering and gloss

– Hydrophobic effect

– Resistance to chemicals and natural pollutants

– Self-healing of minor scratches and abrasions

UltraVision® Anti-Gravel Hybrid Films with TOP COAT

UV PPF Hybrid TOP COAT are another class of anti-gravel film coatings.

The film is based on cast vinyl, resistant to mechanical damage, into which polyurethane plasticizers are added at the production stage, which makes it possible to increase the plasticity of the product, its resistance to low temperatures and the destructive effects of ultraviolet radiation. Acrylic lacquer layer (TOP COAT) provides hydrophobicity, self-healing and appearance comparable to anti-gravel polyurethane films.

Key Features of UltraVision Anti-Gravel Hybrid Films:

– High elasticity

– Availability of TOP COAT (varnish layer)

– High degree of color rendering and gloss

– Hydrophobic effect

– Resistance to chemicals and natural pollutants

– Self-healing of minor scratches and abrasions

– The cost of UV PPF Hybrid is 2-3 times lower than the cost of polyurethane films.

Hybrid films are perfect for those who do not want to overpay without compromising the final quality. The appearance of hybrid films is in no way inferior to expensive American TOP coated polyurethane films.

Professional installers, in addition to such expected properties as excellent gloss, gloss and hydrophobicity, distinguish such a quality, which is atypical for competitive products of the same name, as a comfortable installation.

Excellent film re-positioning adhesive and overall elasticity allow for no problems with setting solution removal and lens and bubble formation under the applied coating.

The UltaVision range of clear hybrid films is available in two 150 micron and 185 micron films so that every installer can choose the right material for any application.

** The service life of UV PPF Hybrid TOP COAT is 2 years.

Anti-gravel hybrid UltraVision® films with TOP COAT for detailing

UV PPF Hybrid BK OUT TOP COAT

The range of UltraVision® anti-gravel films for car detailing includes UV PPF Hybrid BK OUT and UV PPF Hybrid BK OUT AIR (AIR – with air channels in the adhesive layer) – black anti-gravel hybrid films with TOP COAT to simulate the “panoramic roof” effect, thickness films of 150 microns.

** The service life of UV PPF Hybrid BK OUT TOP COAT is 1 year.

UV PPF Hybrid BK Lamp TOP COAT

The range of UltraVision® anti-gravel films includes UV PPF Hybrid BK Lamp, this hybrid film with TOP COAT is designed for the protection and toning of car optics, film thickness 150 microns.

** The service life of the UV PPF Hybrid BK Lamp TOP COAT is 2 years.

Anti-gravel polyurethane films – UltraVision® PPF *

UV PPF is a polyurethane film without TOP COAT, 185 microns thick, its main advantages:
self-healing ability for minor scratches, elasticity, repositionable adhesive layer.high degree of transparency, no “orange peel” effect.

** The service life of UV PPF is 2 years.

Anti-gravel vinyl cast films – UltraVision® PVC PRO

The range of UltraVision® anti-gravel films includes vinyl cast films:

UV PVC PRO 150 – thickness 150 microns

UV PVC PRO 200 – thickness 180 microns

Anti-gravel vinyl cast films UV PVC PRO, this is the most budget-friendly option for car paintwork protection.

Nevertheless, these films are characterized by high optical transparency, high surface quality, no “orange peel” effect, high adhesive strength of the adhesive layer.

** The service life of UV PVC is 1 year.

* Recommendation for the use of the classic UltraVision PPF film (without lacquer layer) for white cars:
Due to the fact that unknown chemical reagents can be used during road processing in winter and at car washes, it is not recommended to use on white cars classic polyurethane films UltraVision PPF (no lacquer).For white cars, we recommend using UltraVision® PPF Ultimate or Ultimate PLUS polyurethane films (with a lacquer layer), which are highly hydrophobic and resistant to aggressive chemicals used in car washing and road surface treatment.
** Warranty obligations do not apply in case of non-compliance with the conditions of use, storage, installation, operation and rules of film care, as well as mechanical damage, changes in technical parameters and film shade caused by operation and washing of the film coating, which the consumer should familiarize himself with before purchasing films.This information is posted on the official website www.ultravisionfilm.ru.
If the car has recently been painted, then before applying the protective film, you must make sure that the paintwork is completely dry. In general, it is not recommended to film over painted elements. The manufacturer is not responsible for damage to the paintwork caused by the installation or removal of the film coating from the elements that have been repaired or repainted.

divinity original sin 2 decomposition how to cure

Reading 5 min.Views 155 Published 15.12.2019

Some players ask a question about how it is possible to cure Master Sang in Divinity: Original Sin 2, but in this field we have nothing to please you with much. The whole problem is that you will not be able to do this, no matter how hard you try and what actions you try to take.

For example, even if you put a spell on it, it will not be effective – zero effect, all due to the fact that it is so laid down in the game plot and scripts.Therefore, any attempts to save Master Sang are in vain: the Curse of Decay will continue to work and slowly kill him. So do not be distracted by this once again and waste time and effort, take the inevitable death of this character for granted.

is not where there was information, are they going to rebalance the game in the near future? armor system full slag, not interesting to play

and the fact that control does not work while there is armor. It turns out very strange that different members of the group hit different sources and in no way help each other in essence.I play as a magician, my friends are physical dd, control skills are lying around idle with us, since it takes a very long time to remove armor and the whole game comes down to bursting one enemy with one type of damage, with the rest, in view of the same armor, nothing can be done at this time … Fortunately, I rocked the call and I myself can choose the type of damage, but spells from other schools, with the effects of CC and debuffs, are practically not used, just like arrows from an archer, and a melee cannot knock down, etc.

is not where there was information, are they going to rebalance the game in the near future? armor system full slag, not interesting to play

Quite passable.yes it looks dibilny. but not bad at all.
True, there is resistance to magic, but it only works on hp like .. It would also be on fiz.

The Divinity: Original Sin series is renowned for its extremely flexible and sophisticated combat system. There are a thousand and one ways of how you will conduct battles, but we are ready to tell you about one fun method that allows you to kill even the most powerful monsters, simply by turning them into a chicken!

In total, two such methods are now known, the second of which is rather a development of the first, but both of them are based on the “Rupture Tendons” ability of the “Rogue” class.You can buy this ability from Hilda in Fort “Joy” upon reaching the fourth level. The essence of this skill is that when imposed on an enemy, his every movement leads to him receiving penetrating damage for several turns. But usually we use the “gap” and start waiting for the enemy to take a step or two, which was not very deadly. However, there is a way how you can increase this damage to incredible values.

Having received the fourth level, in the same Fort “Joy” from Dr. Leste, you can buy another ability – “Chicken Paw” (Chicken Claw).This skill can be learned if you have a character specializing in Polymorphism spells, but it is easier for Shadow Blades and Metamorphs – they immediately start with Chicken Paw (and can later pump Tendon Break). The spell itself turns the enemy into a frightened chicken, which runs chaotically for two turns, which results in an excellent combination with “Break”.

Reduce the enemy’s physical armor to zero, apply first “Tendon Break”, and then “Chicken Paw”, and just enjoy the result.Feel free to use Haste on the chicken, it will only increase the already large amount of piercing damage. The best part of this combination is that this damage scales depending on the values ​​of the base attack and dexterity, so even at high levels this method will not lose its relevance.

However, a Reddit user under the nickname Ulminati went further and found a similar method – more complicated, but most effective.

We will need a character who knows a lot about necromancy and knows how to use the Shackles of Pain spells – can be bought from Mona in the Fort Ghetto “Joy” and “Living on the Edge” – then at level 11 or hire a Witch, since they have this skill as basic).”Shackles of Pain” bind you and the enemy in a single chain, and all the damage that you take is transferred to the victim. “Life on the Edge” grants your character immortality, preventing the health bar from dropping below 1 HP.

Reduce the armor to the boss to zero, then connect it with one of the characters using the “Shackles of Pain” and apply “Tendon Break” to our character in “Shackles”, protecting the latter from death by means of the “Life on the Edge” spell.
Now every step of this “kamikaze” will cause a loss of health for both him and the enemy.You can lead your hero into fire, poison or under enemy swords – the more damage you absorb, the more it will be transferred to the enemy. But it should be remembered that after two turns the spells will end and your poor fellow will need to be healed.

Patch notes 10.23

The items presented below fit in well with the new system. The maximum that awaits them is adding or removing parameters, but not reworking the effects (with one exception – Mikael’s Blessing has lost Harmony, which restores health).Keep in mind that mythic items increase stats for every legendary item purchased, so some debuffs are at least partially compensated by this mechanic.

Support Items

LEGENDARY Fully upgraded support items are now legendary.

Rapid-fire cannon

TOTAL COST 2600 gold ⇒ 2700 gold

ATTACK SPEED 30% ⇒ 35%

CRITICAL STRIKE CHANCE 25% ⇒ 20%

Storm Shaver

TOTAL COST 3200 gold ⇒ 2700 gold

ATTACK DAMAGE 50 ⇒ 40

ATTACK SPEED 30% ⇒ 15%

CRITICAL STRIKE CHANCE 25% ⇒ 20%

Mercury scimitar

TOTAL COST 3400 gold ⇒ 2900 gold

RECIPE Sash of Swift Silver + Vampiric Scepter + Pickaxe + 325 gold ⇒ Sash of Swift Silver + Cloak of Agility + Pickaxe + 125 gold

ATTACK DAMAGE 50 ⇒ 30

MAGIC RESIST 35 ⇒ 30

newCRITICAL STRIKE CHANCE 20%

removedVAMPIRISM 10% ⇒ 0%

MERCURY Removes all crowd control effects ⇒ Removes all crowd control effects, except the knockup (in fact, nothing has changed, but now the exception is indicated in the description) . Cannot be used during a toss action.

Hurricane Runaan

TOTAL COST 2600 gold ⇒ 3400 gold

RECIPE Zeal + Dagger + Dagger + 600 gold ⇒ Pickaxe + Zeal + Dagger + 1025 gold

new ATTACK DAMAGE 25

CRITICAL STRIKE CHANCE 25% ⇒ 20%

ATTACK SPEED 40% (unchanged) .

MOVEMENT SPEED 9% ⇒ 7%

CHARGE DAMAGE 40% of total attack damage ⇒ 40-70% of total attack damage (at levels ≤10-18)

Crystal Scepter Rylai

TOTAL COST 2600 gold ⇒ 3000 gold

RECIPE Shattering Wand + Reinforcing Tome + Ruby Crystal + 915 gold ⇒ Shattering Wand + Giant’s Belt + Reinforcing Tome + 815 gold

ABILITY POWER 90.

HEALTH 300 ⇒ 350

SLOW 20% ⇒ 30%

Nashor’s Tooth

TOTAL COST 3000 gold (unchanged) .

RECIPE Sting + Fiendish Codex + 1000 gold ⇒ Recurve Bow + Shattering Wand + Reinforcing Tome + 715 gold

ABILITY POWER 80 ⇒ 100

ATTACK SPEED 50%.

COOLDOWN REDUCTION 20% ⇒ 0%

HIT DAMAGE 15 (+ 15% Ability Power) ⇒ 15 (+ 25% Ability Power)

Bloodsucker

TOTAL COST 3500 gold ⇒ 3400 gold

RECIPE Best Sword + Vampiric Scepter + Long Sword + 950 gold ⇒ Best Sword + Cloak of Agility + Vampiric Scepter + 600 gold

ATTACK DAMAGE 80 ⇒ 55

newCRITICAL STRIKE CHANCE 20%

Edge of Night

TOTAL COST 2900 gold (unchanged) .

RECIPE Serrated Dagger + Pickaxe + Ruby Crystal + 600 gold ⇒ Serrated Dagger + Long Sword + Ruby Crystal + 1050 gold

ATTACK DAMAGE 55 ⇒ 50

Yomuu’s Ghostblade

TOTAL COST 2900 gold ⇒ 3000 gold

RECIPE Serrated Dagger + Caulfield Warhammer + 700 gold ⇒ Serrated Dagger + Pickaxe + Long Sword + 1025 gold

ATTACK DAMAGE 55 ⇒ 60

removedCOOLDOWN REDUCTION 10% ⇒ 0%

Shadow Glaive

TOTAL COST 2400 gold ⇒ 2800 gold

RECIPE Serrated Dagger + Long Sword + Long Sword + 600 gold ⇒ Serrated Dagger + Caulfield’s Warhammer + 600 gold

ABILITY BOOST 10% cooldown reduction ⇒ 15 skill haste

ATTACK DAMAGE 50 ⇒ 55

Guardian Angel

ATTACK DAMAGE 45 ⇒ 40

ARMOR 40 (unchanged)

Warmog Armor

TOTAL COST 2850 gold ⇒ 3000 gold

ABILITY BOOST 10% cooldown reduction ⇒ 10 skill haste

HEART OF WARMOG 2.5% max health per second ⇒ 5% max health per second

Garment of perfume

TOTAL COST 2800 gold ⇒ 2900 gold

MAGIC RESIST 55 ⇒ 40

ABILITY BOOST 10% cooldown reduction ⇒ 10 skill haste

UNSTAILABLE WILL Increases healing by 30% ⇒ Increases shield strength and healing by 25%

Dead Man’s Armor

TOTAL COST 2900 gold (unchanged) .

RECIPE Chain Vest + Giant’s Belt + 1100 gold ⇒ Moon Wings + Ruby Crystal + Chain Vest + 900 gold

HEALTH 425 ⇒ 475

ARMOR 60 ⇒ 40

newMOVEMENT SPEED 5%

Burning Censer

TOTAL COST 2300 gold (unchanged) .

RECIPE Forbidden Idol + Aether Wisp + 650 gold ⇒ Forbidden Idol + Blasting Wand + 650 gold

removedCOOLDOWN REDUCTION 10% ⇒ 0%

removedMOVEMENT SPEED 8% ⇒ 0%

BASE MANA REGENERATION 50% ⇒ 100%

Atonement

TOTAL COST 2100 gold ⇒ 2300 gold

RECIPE Crystalline Bracers + Forbidden Idol + 650 gold ⇒ Stone of Fire + Forbidden Idol + 700 gold

HEALING & SHIELDS EFFECT 10% ⇒ 20%

ABILITY BOOST 10% cooldown reduction ⇒ 15 skill haste

removedBASE HEALTH REGEN 50% ⇒ 0%

BASE MANA REGENERATION 150% ⇒ 100%

VERDICT (ACTIVE) No longer deals damage to minions and does not become 3 times stronger from the effectiveness of the treatment.

Michael’s Blessing

NAME Mikael’s Crucible ⇒ Mikael’s Blessing

TOTAL COST 2100 gold ⇒ 2300 gold

RECIPE Bowl of Harmony + Forbidden Idol + 500 gold ⇒ Forbidden Idol + Consuming Cloak + 600 gold

MAGIC RESIST 40 ⇒ 50

ABILITY BOOST 10% cooldown reduction ⇒ 15 skill haste

CONCENTRATED MERCURY Removes all Stun, Root, Taunt, Fear, Silence, and Slow effects from an allied champion and makes him Slow Immune for 2 seconds (120 second cooldown) ⇒ Removes all crowd control effects (except knockback and suppression) from an allied champion and restores he has 100-200 (at ally levels 1-18) health (recharge – 120 seconds).

removedHARMONY No longer grants base health regen equal to base mana regen

Soul Eater Medjay

TOTAL COST 1400 gold ⇒ 1600 gold

removedMANA 200 ⇒ 0

new HEALTH 100

Zhony’s hourglass

TOTAL COST 2900 gold ⇒ 2500 gold

ABILITY POWER 75 ⇒ 65

ABILITY BOOST 10% cooldown reduction ⇒ 10 skill haste

Banshee Veil

TOTAL COST 3000 gold ⇒ 2500 gold

RECIPE Fiendish Manuscript + Anti-Magic Mantle + Blasting Rod + 800 gold ⇒ Fiendish Manuscript + Emerald Charm + 400 gold

ABILITY POWER 75 ⇒ 65

MAGIC RESIST 60 ⇒ 45

ABILITY BOOST 10% cooldown reduction ⇒ 10 skill haste

.