Fit crew usa. FitCrew USA TST 1700: Boost Nitric Oxide for Enhanced Muscle Growth and Performance

How does FitCrew USA TST 1700 increase nitric oxide levels. What are the key ingredients in this natural supplement. How can it improve workout performance and muscle growth. Is it suitable for all ages and fitness levels.

Table of Contents

Understanding Nitric Oxide and Its Importance for Fitness

Nitric oxide plays a crucial role in athletic performance and muscle development. This naturally occurring gas facilitates cell communication and promotes blood circulation to vital areas of the body, including muscles, brain, and lungs. By enhancing blood flow, nitric oxide ensures that muscles receive an optimal supply of nutrients and oxygen, which is essential for growth and recovery.

Why is nitric oxide so important for fitness enthusiasts? The increased blood flow resulting from higher nitric oxide levels can lead to:

Improved muscle pump and vascularity
Enhanced nutrient delivery to muscles
Faster recovery times between workouts
Increased endurance and stamina
Better overall athletic performance

Introducing FitCrew USA TST 1700: A Natural Nitric Oxide Booster

FitCrew USA TST 1700 is a comprehensive supplement designed to address low nitric oxide levels in the body. Unlike many other supplements on the market, TST 1700 prides itself on using only natural ingredients, free from synthetic additives or harmful chemicals. This focus on natural components makes it a safer option for those looking to enhance their workout performance and muscle growth.

Key Features of FitCrew USA TST 1700

All-natural ingredient profile
Targets increased nitric oxide production
Suitable for adults 18 years and older
Promotes lean muscle growth
Enhances workout performance and recovery

The Science Behind FitCrew USA TST 1700

How exactly does FitCrew USA TST 1700 work to boost nitric oxide levels? The supplement’s effectiveness lies in its carefully selected ingredients, each chosen for its ability to support nitric oxide production and utilization in the body.

Core Ingredients and Their Functions

L-Citrulline: An amino acid that serves as a precursor to L-Arginine, helping to boost nitric oxide production
L-Arginine: Directly converted into nitric oxide in the body, supporting vasodilation and improved blood flow
L-Norvaline: Helps to inhibit the enzyme that breaks down arginine, thereby prolonging its effects and maintaining higher nitric oxide levels

These ingredients work synergistically to not only increase nitric oxide production but also to sustain elevated levels for longer periods. This sustained boost can lead to more pronounced and lasting effects on muscle growth and performance.

Benefits of Incorporating FitCrew USA TST 1700 into Your Fitness Regimen

Adding FitCrew USA TST 1700 to your daily supplement routine can offer a wide range of benefits for both seasoned athletes and fitness newcomers. Here are some of the key advantages you can expect:

Enhanced Endurance and Training Capacity

Can FitCrew USA TST 1700 really help you train longer and harder? Many users report significant improvements in their endurance levels after incorporating this supplement into their routine. The increased nitric oxide production leads to better oxygen delivery to muscles, allowing you to push through fatigue and extend your training sessions.

Accelerated Muscle Growth and Recovery

One of the primary goals for many fitness enthusiasts is to build lean, strong muscle mass. FitCrew USA TST 1700 supports this goal by enhancing protein synthesis and nutrient delivery to muscle tissues. This can result in faster muscle growth and quicker recovery times between workouts, allowing you to train more frequently and effectively.

Improved Vascularity and Muscle Pump

The increased blood flow resulting from elevated nitric oxide levels can lead to more pronounced vascularity and a better muscle pump during workouts. This not only contributes to a more aesthetic appearance but also signals that your muscles are receiving optimal nutrient delivery.

Is FitCrew USA TST 1700 Right for You?

While many supplements cater to a specific demographic, FitCrew USA TST 1700 is designed to be suitable for a wide range of individuals. Its natural ingredient profile makes it a safer option compared to synthetic alternatives, reducing the risk of adverse side effects.

Who Can Benefit from FitCrew USA TST 1700?

Bodybuilders and strength athletes looking to maximize muscle growth
Endurance athletes seeking improved stamina and performance
Fitness enthusiasts aiming to enhance their overall workout results
Older individuals looking to maintain muscle mass and improve circulation
Anyone over 18 looking to support their fitness goals naturally

It’s important to note that while FitCrew USA TST 1700 is suitable for adults of all ages, it is not recommended for individuals under 18 years old, as their bodies are still developing naturally.

Comparing FitCrew USA TST 1700 to Other Nitric Oxide Boosters

How does FitCrew USA TST 1700 stack up against other nitric oxide supplements on the market? While there are numerous options available, TST 1700 distinguishes itself in several key areas:

Natural Ingredient Profile

Unlike many competitors that rely on synthetic compounds, FitCrew USA TST 1700 uses only natural ingredients. This approach reduces the risk of side effects and makes the supplement suitable for a wider range of users.

Comprehensive Formula

Instead of focusing on a single nitric oxide precursor, TST 1700 combines multiple ingredients that work synergistically to boost and sustain nitric oxide levels. This comprehensive approach may lead to more consistent and long-lasting results.

Transparency in Formulation

FitCrew USA is transparent about the ingredients used in TST 1700, allowing users to make informed decisions about their supplement choices. This transparency is not always present in competing products, which may use proprietary blends that obscure the exact quantities of ingredients used.

Maximizing Results with FitCrew USA TST 1700

To get the most out of FitCrew USA TST 1700, it’s important to use it correctly and in conjunction with a well-rounded fitness program. Here are some tips to help you maximize your results:

Proper Dosage and Timing

Follow the recommended dosage instructions provided with the supplement. For optimal results, consider taking TST 1700 about 30-60 minutes before your workout to ensure peak nitric oxide levels during training.

Consistent Use

Like many supplements, the benefits of FitCrew USA TST 1700 are cumulative. Consistent daily use, even on non-training days, can help maintain elevated nitric oxide levels and support ongoing muscle growth and recovery.

Balanced Nutrition

While TST 1700 can significantly enhance your workout performance, it’s not a substitute for proper nutrition. Ensure you’re consuming adequate protein, complex carbohydrates, and healthy fats to support your fitness goals.

Progressive Training

To fully capitalize on the benefits of increased nitric oxide levels, incorporate progressive overload into your training routine. Gradually increase the weight, reps, or time under tension to continually challenge your muscles and promote growth.

Potential Considerations and Side Effects

While FitCrew USA TST 1700 is formulated with natural ingredients and is generally well-tolerated, it’s important to be aware of potential considerations and side effects:

Mild Side Effects

Some users may experience mild side effects such as:

Digestive discomfort
Headaches
Temporary changes in blood pressure

These effects are typically mild and subside as your body adjusts to the supplement. If you experience persistent or severe side effects, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.

Interactions with Medications

If you’re taking any medications, particularly those for blood pressure or erectile dysfunction, consult with your doctor before starting FitCrew USA TST 1700. Nitric oxide boosters can interact with certain medications, potentially leading to adverse effects.

Individual Response Variability

As with any supplement, individual responses to FitCrew USA TST 1700 may vary. Factors such as diet, exercise routine, and overall health can influence the supplement’s effectiveness. Be patient and consistent in your use to determine how it works best for you.

Customer Experiences and Testimonials

While scientific studies on FitCrew USA TST 1700 are limited, many users have reported positive experiences with the supplement. Here are some common themes from customer testimonials:

Increased energy and endurance during workouts
Noticeable improvements in muscle pump and vascularity
Faster recovery between training sessions
Gradual increases in lean muscle mass over time
Better overall workout performance and motivation

It’s important to note that individual results may vary, and these testimonials should not be considered as guaranteed outcomes for all users.

Integrating FitCrew USA TST 1700 into Your Fitness Journey

Incorporating FitCrew USA TST 1700 into your fitness regimen can be a game-changer for those looking to enhance their performance and muscle growth. However, it’s crucial to remember that supplements are just one piece of the puzzle. To truly optimize your results, consider the following holistic approach:

Comprehensive Workout Plan

Develop a well-structured workout plan that targets all major muscle groups and incorporates both strength training and cardiovascular exercise. This balanced approach will help you make the most of the increased nitric oxide levels provided by TST 1700.

Adequate Rest and Recovery

While FitCrew USA TST 1700 can help improve recovery times, it’s still essential to allow your body sufficient rest between workouts. Proper sleep and recovery periods are crucial for muscle growth and overall performance.

Hydration

Staying well-hydrated is vital for nutrient transport and overall bodily functions. Aim to drink plenty of water throughout the day, especially before, during, and after your workouts.

Regular Progress Tracking

Keep a log of your workouts, measurements, and progress photos. This will help you objectively assess the impact of FitCrew USA TST 1700 on your fitness journey and make necessary adjustments to your routine.

By combining FitCrew USA TST 1700 with these fundamental fitness principles, you can create a synergistic effect that maximizes your potential for muscle growth, improved performance, and overall fitness success.

FitCrew USA TST 1700 Review

No matter how many hours you spend at the gym and how well you balance your diet, if you are not making progress with your workout routine, then you may have recognized that something is clearly wrong. When you push yourself hard, you should be able to notice some kind of cognizable results. Current studies show that even with the best efforts at the gym and a solid diet, not having enough nitric oxide in your body is going to lead to subpar results.

Fortunately, there are supplements that address low nitric oxide levels, one of the best being FitCrew USA TST 1700. If you are ready to take your workouts to the next level and to grow a large and muscular body, then this supplement is the perfect solution.

Before you order though, here is what you need to know – – after all, it is always good to be informed when buying a product online:

What is FitCrew USA TST 1700?

FitCrew USA TST 1700 is a natural and comprehensive supplement that focuses on increasing your nitric oxide levels so that your workouts are more effective at enlarging your muscles. The supplement’s proprietary blend of ingredients features all of the essential substances that work to grow your body and enhance your performance to the max. With this supplement, you’ll be able to meet your muscle growth and body goals.

Moreover, unlike other supplements that you will find on the market, this one does not feature any synthetic ingredients, additives, chemicals, or low quality substances. Everything that you find in TST 1700 is conductive toward your muscle growth goals in a healthy and natural manner.

Ideal for Anyone

Many supplements on the market have strict guidelines in terms of who can use the supplement. The reason being, most of the ingredients are chemical and synthetic based, which means that they may cause negative reactions for many.

FitCrew USA TST 1700 is made with all-natural ingredients, making it the product of choice for many. With the natural base, you can feel confident that you will not experience any adverse side effects or repercussions of using this product. Moreover, the supplement works just as well for older individuals as it does for younger individuals. Granted, you should use this supplement if you are 18 years or older. It is not recommended for those who are younger because the body is still developing at a younger age.

How FitCrew USA TST 1700 Works

Every supplement is different when it comes to its mechanisms of action. When it comes to Fit Crew USA TST 1700, you can be confident in its abilities to provide you with solid results. As mentioned earlier, the supplement focuses on enhancing your body’s nitric oxide levels. Before explaining further how it does that, it is important to understand the significant of nitric oxide to your workouts.

Nitric oxide is a gas that is produced naturally in the body. When the gas is present, it helps the cells communicate with one another and more importantly, it plays a major role in promoting the circulation of blood to the muscles, brain, lungs, and other crucial. Another benefit to the supplement that is relevant to this review is that it works to release hormones and adrenaline so that you can attain the speed, growth, and optimal recovery time during your workouts. Moreover, the enhanced blood flow brings more nutrients and minerals to the muscles, which enables them to grow to pronounced levels.

The majority of athletes and bodybuilders use nitric oxide growth supplements for the valid reasons stated above. While there are not many studies outside of those performed by the brands who market nitric oxide supplements, one of the studies that does exist found that male cyclists who used nitric oxide supplements were able to perform better and to push themselves harder during the cycling routine. It is based upon this study that this particular product was founded.

So, when it comes to FitCrew USA TST 1700, taking this supplement provides you with all of the benefits that increased nitric oxide provides.

The Ingredients

Aside from Nitric Oxide, the supplement contains a number of other ingredients that promote a leaner, stronger, and improved body. The other ingredients featured in this supplement include:

L-Citrulline
L-Arginine
L-Norvaline

Each of these ingredients is conductive to the production of nitric oxide. Moreover, they also help the body make and to utilize proteins for major growth. Finally, the growth that you do experience provides you with lean muscles, which are stronger and better because they are not inundated with fat that can give you less of a toned appearance.

The Benefits of FitCrew USA TST 1700

There are many advantages to including Fit Crew USA TST 1700 to your workout routine. Some of the main advantages of the supplement include:

Train for Longer

First, the supplement works to increase your endurance levels. The higher level of nitric oxide enables you to push yourself longer at the gym. You will be able lift heavier muscles and better yet, your muscles will experience a shorter recovery time so that you will be prepared for your next push at the gym.

Higher Energy Levels

Another advantage is that the supplement works to increase your energy levels throughout the day. In carrying more nutrients and minerals to your organs, the nitric oxide enables you to feel awake and energized throughout the day, even well after your workout.

Achieve and Exceed Your Goals

Finally, the supplement also helps you achieve and to exceed your goals. You will be able to make the substantial gains at the gym that you are looking for to provide you with a ripped, toned, and chiseled appearance. The supplement, made by FitCrew USA, is one of the most effective on the market and with its premier formula, you can maintain the body that you are striving for.

Free Trial Product

There are two ways to purchase this product.

The first option allows you to opt for the full purchase, which enables you to return the product within 30 days of purchase if you are dissatisfied.

The second option allows you to use the 14 day trial, where you are not charged for the product for 14 days and have the option to return it within the 14 day period. If you do not give notice to the brand that you want to return the product within 13 out of the 14 days, then you will be billed for the product and enrolled in a subscription program. If you do notify the brand on time, then you will not be billed and you can return it without issue.

Between these two options, it is best to just purchase the supplement and to have the 30 day trial, then to get the product for free for 14 days and have to deal with the subscription service. Keep in mind that if you do return the supplement, you will be charged a $20.00 restock fee and for shipping and handling.

Overall though, very few people ever need to return the product.

Summary

FitCrew USA TST 1700 is an optimal muscle enhancing supplement that works to provide you with the large, strong, and muscular body that you are hoping for. With this product, you can achieve excellent results, as long as you follow the directions correctly. To order, visit the brand’s website today.

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Fit Crew Xtreme NO2 Reviews (UPDATED 2021)

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What is Fit Crew Xtreme NO2

Fit Crew Xtreme NO2 is marketed as the most effective muscle enhancing supplement in the market for men who desire to get the most out of their workout sessions. It promises to give you a sculpted body with so much ease and less effort on your side.

Within no time, this supplement promises a complete transformation making you the envy of your peers at the gym and more noticeable by women.

Fit Crew Xtreme NO2 Claims & Features – What You Need To Know?

Xtreme NO2 is a natural supplement manufactured by FitCrew USA, a company that has over 30 years of experience in herbs and natural healing. Fit Crew Xtreme NO2 is manufactured in a state of the art facility that exceeds US GMP standards.

It is claimed that all the ingredients contained in the formula are natural and have been sourced from the finest in their category. While taking this supplement, one is promised that the size of your muscles will increase quickly as you lift.

What are the Ingredients inFit Crew Xtreme NO2

L-Arginine – This amino acid gives you strength to work out for longer as it increases stamina, energy and motivation.
L-Citrulline – It is a naturally occurring amino acid that has many health benefits, including increased strength and stamina, improvement in erectile dysfunction etc.
L-Norvaline – L-norvaline pre-workouts and “pump” boosters claimed to increase intra-workout power and recovery.

Fit Crew Xtreme NO2 Review – How Does It Work?

Fit Crew Xtreme NO2 is packed full of active natural ingredients that give your body the necessary nutrients to build more muscle and give you more stamina and strength. The ingredients combine their unique influence on the body to increase endurance and energy enabling you to train harder and for longer.

The NO in this formula’s name is short for Nitric Oxide which is essential for muscle growth. This gas promotes the expansion of blood vessels which lead to an increase in blood flow allowing for growth of leaner muscles.

It also reduces fatigue during and after exercise and reduces recovery time. Combining L-Citrulline, L-Arginine and L-Norvaline lead to increased levels of Nitric Oxide in the body.

What are the Benefits of Fit Crew Xtreme NO2

It may improve muscles gains.
It could increase endurance and reduce muscle recovery time.
Might give one higher energy levels.
It is a natural formula therefore safe and effective.

What are the Drawbacks of Fit Crew Xtreme NO2

The product is available online.

How To Use Fit Crew Xtreme NO2

This pre-workout formula comes in capsule form. A bottle contains 90 capsules; one is advised to take 3 capsules per dose before workout sessions.

What are the Possible Side Effects of Fit Crew Xtreme NO2?

There are no side effects associated with this product as it is purely herbal with zero artificial additives.

Fit Crew Xtreme NO2 Review – The Bottom Line

A hitch on the physical performance can affect the overall quality of life for a man as a man’s physique can either provide a confidence boost or decline. A boost from male-enhancement supplements is often the first go-to especially for those who cannot seem to get results after strenuous workout sessions.

Fit Crew Xtreme NO2 is made to help you achieve your dream body with less stress. It is packed with so many ingredients that make this possible.

It is however slightly more expensive than other supplements of its kind in the market and is only sold on its official website. The website has reviews from satisfied clients together with before and after photos.

However, there are many better options available in the market. Explore these options before reaching the conclusion of buying this product.

With countless male enhancement supplements available on the market today it seems impossible to find “the right one. ” Sexual performance declines naturally as men age, which may contribute to feelings of inadequacy or embarrassment. Male enhancement supplements should be based on four key factors: active ingredients, ability to support sexual stamina, enhance arousal, improved* sexual desire and backed by clinical studies.

Below you’ll find some of the most effective male enhancement supplements on the market today, in our opinion.

Our Top Male Enhancement Supplements

#1 Performer 8

Ability to Support Harder and Firm Erections

Ability to Support Sexual Stamina and Energy

Ability to Enhance Arousal and Improved Sexual Desire

Overall Quality of Ingredients

#2 Cilexin – 5% OFF Today

Ability to Support Harder and Firm Erections

Ability to Support Sexual Stamina and Energy

Ability to Enhance Arousal and Improved Sexual Desire

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#3 VigRX Plus

Ability to Support Harder and Firm Erections

Ability to Support Sexual Stamina and Energy

Ability to Enhance Arousal and Improved Sexual Desire

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#4 Extenze

Ability to Support Harder and Firm Erections

Ability to Support Sexual Stamina and Energy

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#5 Male Extra

Ability to Support Harder and Firm Erections

Ability to Support Sexual Stamina and Energy

Ability to Enhance Arousal and Improved Sexual Desire

Overall Quality of Ingredients

**This is a subjective assessment based on the strength of the available informations and our estimation of efficacy.

*Result may vary. If you are pregnant, nursing, have a serious medical condition, or have a history of heart conditions we suggest consulting with a physician before using any supplement. The information contained in this website is provided for general informational purposes only. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and should not be relied upon as a medical advice. Always consult your doctor before using any supplements.

Disclosure of Material connection: Some of the links in the post above are “associate sales links.” This means if you can click on the link and purchase an item, we will receive a commission. Regardless, we only recommend products or services which we use personally and/or believe will add value to our readers. We are disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission’s 16 CFR, Part 255: “Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials.”

Jason Vredenburg is an independent health writer. A nutrition counselor at first, he has built a strong passion for health communications, exploring possibilities in the sector with a master’s degree in integrative health to cap up his interest. A stern contributor to wellness blogs, health articles, and newsletters, Jason has got a strong grip on web content management through consistent practice keeping taps with latest trends in web marketing, search engine optimization (SEO) and social media marketing. When not with pen and paper on health articles, he’s likely hanging out with Ingram Content Group, creating another inspiring blog for clients or giving life to a stale blog to attract readers. Follow him on LinkedIn.

How Submarine Sailors Meet US Navy Rules to Stay Fit Underwater

“You’ll notice we work out next to the bombs,” says Petty Officer Corey Shores, the command fitness leader for the USS North Dakota, nodding at a long metal tube in the submarine’s torpedo room, which doubles as a gym, at least until war breaks out.

This particular MK 48 torpedo is nicknamed Claire, which has been scrawled in marker on the tip by those who may one day stuff it into a launcher and fire it off. Claire carries 1,000 pounds of high-explosive incendiary that is designed to detonate underneath an enemy ship. It’s a powerful reminder of the mission.

The USS North Dakota, above water.

Brian Finke

“We have four torpedoes on board,” says Shores, a 29-year-old from North Carolina who has a square jaw to match his broad shoulders. He’s primarily a “nuke” who operates the reactor in the North Dakota’s engine room, but Shores also oversees the fitness of the 138-person crew, a “collateral duty” that he takes almost as seriously as his primary mission. He’s a gym rat who volunteered for the job, which required a recommendation from his commanding officer and a five-day training program.

As command fitness leader, Shores is responsible for making sure everyone on the boat passes the semiannual Physical Readiness Test—a sequence of events that measures aerobic capacity, strength, and muscular endurance. He’s also there to ensure that crew members don’t lose their minds, a very real concern when you’re deployed on a pressurized tube of steel that may not surface for three months. And then he’s got to maintain the gym equipment, “which can be a hassle when you’ve got all those guys using one treadmill,” he says.

Thirty people share two showers, two toilets, and two sinks.

Working out is complicated when you’re on deployment. Time is limited, as are facilities. Most Navy ships have large spaces—not to mention open decks—where sailors can break a sweat. Aircraft carriers have gyms, and even basketball hoops that can be rolled out. But the men and women aboard the North Dakota, or any of the other 84 subs in the U. S. Navy’s fleet, lack such luxuries. There is virtually no personal space, and any large space has more than one purpose. It’s not an environment conducive to training.

The sub is 370 feet long, about the length of a football field, and 34 feet across at its widest point. Submariners sleep six to a room no bigger than a walk-in closet; each side has three bunks, and there are just four inches of clearance between your face and the rack above. Sometimes there aren’t enough beds for everyone, so rookies must “hot rack,” or share two beds among three crew members working alternating shifts.

Brian Finke

Thirty people share two showers, two toilets, and two sinks. During the few hours of downtime each day, you can either lie in the environs of your bunk watching movies or playing video games that you loaded onto your phone before deployment, or you can go to one of the larger spaces where people gather: the galley or work zones that double as lounges or gyms.

To stay sane and fit, submariners must learn to adapt. Many workouts are conducted in the torpedo room, which isn’t really a room at all. The only places where a six-foot person can stand upright are the passageways. That means most of the activity happens in a space about the size of a utility room under a torpedo rack. The rack can be raised or lowered, but even at its highest point there still isn’t enough room for most people to do a burpee.

The crew keeps its single weight bar under one of the torpedo racks, as well as its two sets of PowerBlocks, an improvement over the old plastic Bowflex weights that cracked too easily and rolled around and got in the way. Even though there’s foot traffic in the room, “you can still do deadlifts and what we call buddy squats,” Shores says. “You put the weight on the bar and two guys hold it—that’s your rack.” Mind you, this is an active work space. Should someone want to do those burpees or some high-knees, they’ll need to step into space that crew members on watch are using to move from one room to another. “They understand,” Shores says, smiling.

The USS

North Dakota Workout

Stay in shape with this body-weight workout created by EXOS for the Navy. Do it anywhere — no gear required!

1. Submariners do 5 minutes of dynamic warmup — some mix of jumping jacks, lunges, planks, and high-knees.

PART 1

Descending repetitions ladder

1. 15 body-weight squats
2. 10 close-grip pushups
3. 10 lunges
4. 15 regular pushups

Rest 20 seconds after each exercise. Repeat the entire circuit, laddering down the reps in each movement by 1 in each round. In the final round, you’ll do 5 squats and 5 pushups.

PART 2

Core/triceps circuit

1. 15 chair dips
2. 1½-minute rolling plank (30 seconds left side, 30 seconds normal, 30 seconds right side)
3. 30-second high plank from pushup position
4. 10 chair dips

Repeat entire circuit 3 times.

Sailors finish by doing 1 set of body-weight squats to failure, a set of pushups to failure, 60 situps, and about 10 minutes of cardio (typically a mix of jumping jacks, high-knees, quick feet, and jump rope). Once that’s done, they walk for 2 minutes, stretch, and call it a day.

The crew also shares a 35-pound kettlebell, several foam rollers, yoga mats, and TRX straps. There’s a collapsible bench, stored in a cubby, that can be dragged into another narrow space when someone wants to bench-press. There are five cardio machines on board—two spin bikes, a rowing machine, a small elliptical, and a treadmill—and all but one are in the engine room, a top-secret area that is off-limits to visitors.

The most popular, by far, is the treadmill. It’s tucked away in the engine room, under a pipe that’s just out of reach, unless the belt speeds up unexpectedly, causing the runner to jolt forward and smack their head. On other submarines, that pipe is directly above, forcing users to jog with their heads cocked to one side or the other, which submariners jokingly call “combat running.” While the treadmill is in great demand, there are times when it can’t be used.

Petty Officer Corey Shores with the stationary bike.

Brian Finke

Fast-attack submarines are multifaceted weapons in the U. S. Navy’s arsenal. They deliver special forces, unmanned aerial and undersea vehicles, and spies around the planet. They’ll also lurk close to foreign ports and intercept communications. All of these missions require stealth, which presents another limitation to fitness. There are periods—during unique missions—when no one is allowed to make any noise. This is called “ultra quiet,” and when the captain announces it, crew members can’t even slam a toilet lid.

“That’s when you would shift to the TRX straps and a lot of body weight,” says Master Chief Kellen Voland, 34, the senior enlisted advisor to the commanding officer of the North Dakota. Voland is a workout fanatic whose enthusiasm, his charges say, is a major reason that no crew member has failed the Physical Readiness Test over the last three six-month cycles.

The Navy Physical Readiness test

With a partner holding your feet, and your knees raised, do as many reps as possible in 2 minutes.

90 great ~ 70 strong ~ 40 average

Rep out for 2 minutes, resting only at the top.

70 great ~ 50 strong ~ 25 average

9:00 great ~ 11:00 strong ~ 14:00 average

· · · Or · · ·

No diving starts allowed.

7:00 great ~ 8:30 strong ~ 13:00 average

These 3 challenges must be completed in the following order, with a break between each sequence lasting at least 2 minutes but no longer than 15. Aim for our metrics.

When Voland visited the torpedo room during the last deployment, it was consistently crammed at certain times. “There would be a guy on the bike, a guy waiting for the bike, a guy doing pushups, and a guy doing TRX,” he says. “There’d be guys doing bench press, and the torpedo man on the watch would have to step over them to do his job.”

Submarine interiors aren’t designed with fit and finish in mind. The metallic guts of the rooms are exposed, and the myriad pipes and rails are perfect makeshift gym bars or latch points for TRX straps. “As long as they’re nice and sturdy,” Voland says, reaching up and grabbing a hatch handle to do a pullup. “You have to use the space and the tools that are available. I adapt and overcome and work out a lot of stress and anger down here.”

He laughs as a memory pops into his head. “I’ve had them run fire drills down here while I’m in the middle of a workout, and I’ve had to move out of the way to let guys run through to fight the fire—and then you just move back and keep doing your thing.” Working out helps the crew forge physical fitness and soothes stress, but sometimes all that training is not enough.

All submarine movements are classified. The Navy doesn’t even release precisely when a sub will leave or arrive in port. In late 2017, when Men’s Health visited the North Dakota at its base in Groton, Connecticut, we were told only that the sub would be deploying soon. It left port shortly after our visit and was only a few days into that tour when something terrible happened less than 200 nautical miles out in the Atlantic Ocean. On January 12, a young petty officer attempted suicide. The man shot himself with a rifle (not fatally), but neither his name nor many details of the events that followed have been released.

A lot of what we know about the incident was revealed in a Facebook post written by the North Dakota’s commanding officer, Mark Robinson. An evacuation plan was set in motion, and turbulent conditions in the Atlantic required the sub to head full bore toward the Connecticut coast, where around midnight it rendezvoused with a tugboat at the mouth of the Thames River in thick fog.

“It was the worst weather I’ve ever seen for something like this,” Robinson reported. Once the injured sailor was alert, some of his crewmates sat at his side, holding a phone so he could watch music videos during the painful seven-hour trip to safety. Areas inside the sub were disassembled so a stretcher could pass through more easily, and crew members assisted Navy firefighters in getting the stretcher out through the sub’s weapons hatch. Some of the submariners secured themselves to the deck outside, forming a “human safety net” to protect paramedics helping to transfer the man to a tugboat and finally to an ambulance on shore. “I can’t truly express the amount of heroism I saw in the last 48 hours,” Robinson wrote. “As a result, the Sailor is recovering from surgery in a hospital in New Haven with his parents by his side.”

The Navy didn’t speak further — not surprising, considering that submariners dedicate themselves to the so-called Silent Service — but it was a jarring, very real example of a subject that was talked about when Men’s Health toured the North Dakota and the U. S. Navy Submarine School. Just as the crew members train their muscles, they also train their minds and build resilience.

You have to look at people holistically and understand that having a bad day is normal.

Commander James Rapley, M.D., the force psychiatrist for Submarine Forces Atlantic, is the man charged with managing mental health for crews on the 35 East Coast–based subs. He likens the mission of diving deep to getting on a spaceship. It’s an utterly alien lifestyle, unlike anything else in the military or on earth. There’s no sunlight, and water and air are produced on board. The sub’s complex systems provide breathable air and drinkable water, but the former smells “unique,” Dr. Rapley says, and the latter tastes crisp but is low in minerals.

There’s limited email and no Internet or phone contact for the crew underwater. When crew members kiss their family and temporal reality goodbye at the docks, they cross over into a bizarro world where days are just semantic; the only thing that distinguishes “Sunday” from “Monday” is the menu in the kitchen. “I could really screw with people by changing that,” says Lance Cross, chief culinary specialist on the North Dakota.

Just keeping the sub from sinking requires the focused work of everyone on board. Strangers are forced to become intimately close, because there are no secrets. “You know everything about everyone,” says Dominic Sisto, 26, a navigation electronics technician who served aboard the USS Columbia and is now assistant command fitness leader at the U. S. Navy Submarine School. “You might not like a person, but you have to trust what he or she is doing on watch. You have to trust everyone. You rely so much on people, you have to open yourself up almost like a marriage.”

But that trust only goes so far. Chatting about vulnerabilities is not something sailors are accustomed to. Some view psychological struggles as a weakness, which dissuades sailors from seeking help, Dr. Rapley says. The Navy is trying to reverse that old-school thinking. “You have to look at people holistically and understand that having a bad day is normal,” he says. “Having issues that you need to correct is normal.”

Dr. Rapley has helped roll out an “embedded mental-health” program to improve personnel’s “psychological fitness” and slash the stigma of psychological struggles. “A big part of ensuring mental and spiritual health is creating a community,” he says. There are mental-health professionals purposely placed on the waterfront, where the boats dock, who are in regular contact with each sub’s command staff. Submariners are encouraged to visit those therapists and are treated, Dr. Rapley says, with “a holistic approach to mental health and performance enhancement” that involves focusing on mind-set and assessing diet, exercise, physiology, hormonal and neurotransmitter balance, and metabolism. Treatment sometimes goes beyond talk therapy to include nutritional changes, exercise, and, if nothing else works, medication.

At sea, there are no dedicated mental- health pros, so the sub force’s psychiatrists now run an executive coaching program for key leaders, including the captain, executive officer, independent duty corpsman, and chief of the boat — the senior-most enlisted person on a crew, such as the North Dakota’s Kellen Voland. COBs are critical because they have the most day-to-day interaction with junior members of the crew.

A primary focus of the coaching, Dr. Rapley says, is teaching command leaders like COBs how to look out for stress in that population. The most common signs, he says, are irritability, anger, sadness, excessive worry, decreased motivation and work ethic, poor attentiveness, insomnia, and poor time management. The Navy wants sub leaders to recognize these signs before they’re a problem and, Dr. Rapley says, try to “reframe the demands of military life to focus on success/winning as opposed to the potential for failure.” The result, he hopes, will make crew members more “resilient and tough,” Dr. Rapley says.

Before embedded mental health was introduced, the sub force lost the equivalent of two full crews a year because of psychological issues—either to medical discharge or to other jobs in the surface fleet. Now, by letting submariners know they can get better and return to work, there’s been a 50 percent decrease in “unplanned losses” across the force, Dr. Rapley says.

Motivational techniques and performance psychology have been big parts of this improvement, and so has creating an “extended support network,” from the therapists in port to the command leaders. Dr. Rapley says that every crew experiences a few days where things are intense and emotions are running high, but that quickly settles by necessity. “The spectrum of emotion becomes much tighter,” Dr. Rapley says. “You rarely have people losing their cool or yelling, which is very different from surface ships where you’ve got the room to act out and yell and then go and get space to calm down.”

Prior to 2014, submariners operated on an 18-hour workday while underway. Everyone worked a six-hour watch shift, followed by a 12-hour break, the theory being that submarine duties required such intense concentration, and allowed so little margin of error, that a six-hour shift seemed the most sensible.

But the regimen changed after crews heeded the advice of scientists who had been studying the watch schedule at the Naval Undersea Medical Institute in Groton. “We went to eights for circadian-rhythm sleep cycles,” says Voland. “I thought the eights were going to be too much, but if you ask the new kids coming on, they love ’em.” As a former sonar tech responsible for staring at a monitor, Voland was concerned about screen burnout. But today’s teenagers, reared on digital devices, aren’t bothered in the slightest. “From a stress-management perspective, from a fatigue perspective, the eights have made a difference,” he says. And it’s created more time for working out.

It’s not just about you being healthy; you can’t be a danger on the boat.

A person finishing an eight-hour shift has 16 hours of free time instead of 12, which is important because boat responsibilities don’t end after a watch. Most crew members have collateral duty of some kind, and if not, they’re cleaning. Submariners must qualify for their “dolphins,” which are given to those who have demonstrated proficiency in all of the sub’s major systems—including the ability to respond to emergencies, such as flood, fire, and toxic air. You don’t have to become an electrician, but you need to know enough about electricity to fill in. For the first year a new sailor is on a sub, they’re studying for this test, on their own time. “A guy gets off a watch, does an hour of cleanup, an hour of training, does some maintenance; that’s probably four hours. He still has 14 hours to sleep, work out, train, study, qualify,” says Voland.

As the man responsible for submarine force health, Commander Thomas Baldwin, force medical officer for Command Submarine Forces Atlantic, has to worry about many facets of submariners’ well-being. (In his personal life, he and his wife won the 2017 SuperFit Games male/female team title in the 50+ age group in the Masters category.) Unlike in his previous job, which included working with SEAL teams, he’s now dealing with a different group of sailors, who operate in dark, confined spaces. Muscle atrophy can set in as soon as three weeks into a deployment, he says, and a loss of aerobic capacity is almost inevitable because there are such limited workout options due to space.

Submarine culture is blunt about its fitness requirements. “It’s not just about you being healthy; you can’t be a danger on the boat,” says Sisto, who harps on fitness to new recruits. “I tell them that if you can’t do 45 pushups or if you weigh too much, I might not be able to carry you to safety in a casualty event. That’s what’s scary. It’s like, ‘Dude, if something happens, I literally can’t save you.’ ”

Crew members are trained to save a disabled mate by using the fireman’s carry. “If a submarine goes down, God forbid, I want to be able to swim to shore,” says Petty Officer First Class Eric Chapman, a 26-year-old sonar tech from Mississippi. “What if you have to save someone else and you aren’t strong enough? Are you going to let him die? You have to make them look at it that way or they don’t understand.”

A submariner receiving early training in Groton, Connecticut, on how to don their orange survival suits in the event of their boat being disabled.

Brian Finke

One of the most intense evolutions in Groton is the Pressurized Submarine Escape Trainer, which prepares students for the worst-case scenario: bailing out of a disabled submarine and reaching the surface. This training comes very early, within a few days of arriving from boot camp. A seal on the wall above the 37-foot-high, 84,000-gallon tanks bears these words: “When all else fails, you won’t.”

“It puts them in a stressful situation right away,” says Lieutenant Commander Warren Ross, one of the two undersea medical officers who oversee safety at the facility. Escape from depth is the last resort that no one wants to attempt, but it is possible from as far down as 600 feet because of the orange survival suits that shield a submariner from the cold while providing enough air to reach the surface. The suits have never been used in a real-world event, but the point of the training is to build confidence and show recruits that they work. “That’s what we reinforce here,” Ross says. “Trust your training, trust your equipment.”

The end result is that a recruit masters every system on the boat. The job comes with tremendous responsibility. “We take 7,800 tons of equipment out to sea,” says Kyle Calton, the bespectacled executive officer of the North Dakota.

“We have 19-year-olds responsible for torpedoes with a thousand pounds of high explosive in them, guarding, maintaining, and being able to shoot the weapons at a moment’s notice” — something they should be able to do in two minutes or less when ordered to fire. “Physical fitness is a big part of that.”

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90,000 Crew Dragon crew members successfully boarded ISS – Kosmos

NEW YORK, May 31. / TASS /. SpaceX’s Crew Dragon, astronauts Douglas Hurley and Robert Behnken, successfully boarded the International Space Station (ISS) on Sunday. The broadcast is on the website of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

“Welcome, Bob and Doug. The whole world followed the mission, we are very proud of what you have done for our country, giving inspiration to the whole world,” NASA Director James Bridenstine said in a conversation with astronauts.“We are delighted to be aboard this amazing complex,” Hurley replied, expressing his gratitude to NASA and SpaceX. In the broadcast footage, the astronauts were positioned side-by-side with the members of the ISS crew in the person of NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, as well as Russian cosmonauts Ivan Wagner and Anatoly Ivanishin.

“We are honored to be a small part of this mission,” Hurley said. In turn, Behnken noted that the technical equipment of the Crew Dragon allowed the astronauts to sleep for about seven hours.”On the first night [in space] it can be difficult to sleep,” Benken admitted. During the 19-hour flight to the ISS, the astronauts were provided with eight hours of sleep.

Crew Dragon docked to the ISS in automatic mode at 10:16 US East Coast time (17:16 Moscow time), and at 13:02 (20:02) Cassidy opened the hatch, having previously performed a pressure equalization procedure on board and in transition gateway. The launch of the Falcon 9 rocket with the Crew Dragon was successfully completed Saturday from Cape Canaveral, Florida.

Crew Dragon is a modification of the Dragon cargo ship, which is already delivering cargo to the ISS. Hurley and Behnken gave it the name Endeavor, similar to the Space Shuttle spacecraft on which both astronauts performed their first space flights. Initially, the launch of the manned spacecraft was scheduled for last Wednesday, but was canceled 17 minutes before the estimated time due to unfavorable weather conditions. On March 2, 2019, Crew Dragon was sent to the station using a Falcon 9 in automatic mode and docked there the next day.

This launch is the first manned flight in nine years from the United States in an American spacecraft. NASA terminated manned flights in 2011 following the completion of the Space Shuttle’s reentry program. Since then, the astronauts have been delivered to the ISS by Russian Soyuz. It was originally speculated that American commercial ships would begin manned flights in 2017.

90,000 Best US Aviation Programs

Introduction

View of part of the aircraft turbines on the runway.

The demand for air travel is expected to increase steadily until 2026 [1]. This growth continues to create promising jobs for commercial and private airline pilots, aircraft manufacturers and private individuals working at airports.

Along with the rapid growth of air travel, aircraft innovations and advancing technologies are gradually opening up new fields and career opportunities for aircraft mechanics and avionics trained in a particular aircraft type.

With the improving US economy and an increase in the number of international carriers joining the aviation market, as well as a general shortage of pilots, this is an exciting environment and opportunity for a career in aviation.

Bearing in mind that earning a bachelor’s degree is a financial obligation and can take up to four years, it is important to choose the best institution for your study.

This comparative analysis of various aspects of the top US aviation universities provides key information on the aviation and aeronautics courses available.The material of the article consists of four sections: a comparative table summarizing the proposals of each university; a brief history of aviation education in the United States; additional information on aviation courses at each university; and the prospects for aviation development and how this will affect aviation and aeronautical training in the coming years.

Brief information about the best universities in the USA

University	World Rank 2017	Proposed Aviation Programs	Proposed Pilot Programs	Logistics	Tuition per year	Cost of living per year	Course length
Purdue Polytechnic Institute	60	Air Traffic Management (BSc) Aerospace Research Airline Management and Operations (BSc) Aerospace Financial Analysis (BSc) Airport Management and Operations Management (BSc) Professional Flight Technology (BSc) Unmanned Aerial Systems (BSc) Airframe and propulsion system	Aeronautical Engineering Technology (BSc) Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering	Aviation Electronics Laboratory Aviation Materials Laboratory Engine test chambers Future laboratory hangar Holleman Simulation Center – Niswonger (offers several types of simulators for practical training) Operations Control Center	Polytechnic Institute for the 2018/19 academic year Resident: $ 10,564 Non-resident: $ 29,366 International non-resident: $ 31,366	Resident: $ 10,030 Non-resident: $ 10,030 International: $ 10,030	4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology	five	Aeronautical Engineering (BSc) Mechanical engineering in accordance with the recommendations of the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics	Aeronautical Engineering (BSc)	Aerospace Computational Design Laboratory Aerospace Control Laboratory Gas turbine laboratory International Air Transport Center Aviation Environment Laboratory Strategic Engineering Research Group System Architecture Laboratory Research Laboratory of System Engineering Technological laboratory of advanced materials and structures Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel	$ 51,520 (undergraduate and graduate)	Dormitory (room): Single: $ 5,590 Double: $ 4.945 Triple: $ 4,420 Quadruple: $ 3,905	4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)
Georgia Institute of Technology	35	Aerospace Engineering (BSc) Aerospace Engineering (5-year joint bachelor’s and master’s program)	Aerospace Engineering with Flight Mechanics and Area of Study Management (Bachelor’s or Joint Five-Year Bachelor’s and Master’s Degree Program)	Center for the Development of Machine Mobility (CRMM) Indoor flight unit, modern motion detection laboratory John J.Harper Wind tunnel (300 fps) with anechoic chamber and acoustic engine test set Scientific and Technical Laboratory of Aerothermodynamics	Georgia residents: $ 10,008 (tuition fee) Georgia non-residents: $ 30,604 Mandatory student fees: $ 2,416	Single apartment: $ 10,544 Twin Shared Accommodation: $ 9,918 Shared home for more than two people: $ 9,562	4 years full-time 5 years correspondence course
University of North Dakota	431	Airport Management (BSc) Aviation Administration (BSc) Air Traffic Control (BSc) Aviation Technology Management (BSc) Commercial Aviation (Aircraft) (BSc) Commercial Aviation (Helicopter) (BSc) Specialization “Business Aviation” (bachelor’s degree) Aviation (magistracy)	Flight training (bachelor’s degree) Unmanned Aerial System Operators (BSc) Professional Flight (Junior Employee) (Bachelor’s Degree)	Aerospace Airport / Grand Forks International Airport Fleet of 120 aircraft 11 heated Hangars Flight Simulator Cessna C172 Seminole Flight Simulator Canadair Regional Jet Flight Simulator Large service center Flight Operations Building 16 FAA flight trainers	North Dakota residents: $ 8,695 (full-time) Minnesota residents: $ 9,562 Permanent Residents: $ 12.307 Non-residents: $ 20,759	Room and board: $ 8,974	4 years (bachelor’s degree)
Ohio State University	70	Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering (BSc) Aviation (BA or BSc)	Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering (BSc)	Electronics Laboratory Computing Laboratories Mechanical workshop Aerospace Research Center Air Force Research Laboratory Aerospace Systems Management Center for Computational Science Air Force Research Laboratory and Center for Structural Sciences Center for Modeling and Innovation	Ohio residents: $ 10,726 Non-residents: $ 30,742 International: $ 33,670	Residents: $ 12,434 Non-residents: $ 12,434 International: $ 12,434	4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)
Embry-Riddle Aviation University	601-800	Aeronautical Science (BSc) Aeronautics (bachelor’s degree) Aerospace and Occupational Safety (BSc) Aerospace Engineering (BSc) Aerospace Physiology (BSc) Air Traffic Control (BSc) Aviation Business Management (BSc) Aviation Operations (BSc) Aviation Service Science (BSc) Aviation Security (BSc) Study of world conflictology (bachelor’s degree) Homeland Security (BSc) Interdisciplinary Studies (Bachelor’s) Meteorology / Applied Meteorology (BSc) Safety Management (BSc) Unmanned Aviation Systems (BSc) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Science (BSc) Unmanned Systems Application (BSc) Wildlife Science (BSc)	Aeronautics (BSc) Aeronautical Science (BSc) Aerospace and Occupational Safety (BSc) Safety Management (BSc) Aerospace Physiology (BSc) Aerospace Engineering (BSc)	Unmanned aerial vehicles laboratory Terminal Radar Laboratories and Control Tower Areas Airframe and Powerplant Laboratory Weather Research Center Media broadcast laboratory Aircraft Accident Forensic Laboratory Standard flight simulators and aircraft Air Traffic Control Laboratory Meteorological suite Prescott Aerospace Experiments and Building Dummies	Florida residents: $ 34,236 Non-residents: $ 35,964 Additional $ 205 per semester for College Engineering students	Room and board: $ 11,438	4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)
San Jose State University	440	Professional Flight (Bachelor’s Degree) Aviation Administration (BSc) Flight Management (Bachelor) Maintenance Management (BSc) Aerospace Engineering (Bachelor’s, Master’s) Small space exploration	Professional Flight (Bachelor’s Degree) Flight Management (Bachelor)	Central mechanical workshop Engineering Computer Services Production building Aviation Electronics Laboratories	State residents: $ 7,796 Non-residents: Additional $ 396 per unit	Resident Dorm: $ 16,442 Non-residents: Additional $ 396 per unit	4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)
Florida Institute of Technology	5 (according to Times Higher Education 2019)	Aeronautical Science (BSc) Aeronautical Science with Flight (BSc) Aerospace Engineering (BSc) Air traffic control Small aircraft dispatcher Aviation Human Factors and Safety (BSc) Aviation Administration (Bachelor’s and Master’s) Aviation Sciences (Ph.D.) Aviation Airport Development (master’s degree)	Aviation Management with Pilot (Bachelor’s) Training Aeronautical Meteorology (BSc) Aeronautical Meteorology with Pilot Training (BSc) Human Factors and Flight Safety in Aviation with Pilot Training (Bachelor’s Degree)	Computer labs for airport design and planning Basic Aviation Simulator Laboratory (BATD) (allows all students to fly stationary simulators under the guidance of an instructor) 52 new and refurbished aircraft including Cessnas and Pipers Human Factors Laboratory Institute students have access to flight simulators conveniently located at nearby Melbourne Airport	Engineering and Science majors: $ 20,550 All other specialties: $ 18,730 Tuition fees are paid on a semester basis in the spring and fall	Dormitory cost / length of stay: One person from $ 3,195 Double room from $ 2,210 Suites from $ 3,750	2 years minor program 3 years bachelor degree 1 year magistracy
Western Michigan University	501-600	Aerospace Engineering (BSc) Science of Aviation Flight (BSc) Aviation Management and Operations (BSc) Aviation Technical Operations (BSc) Mechanical Engineering (Bachelor’s Degree) Science of Aviation Flight (bachelor’s degree)	Aviation Flight Science (BSc)	Aviation College – W.K. Kellogg Aviation Simulator 200 flight simulators Three Cirrus SR-20 Advanced Flight Simulators Multi-engine simulator Redbird full motion Automotive systems laboratory Center for modern construction of design and simulation techniques Combustion and Flow Research Laboratory Applied Aerodynamics Laboratory Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics Progressive and well equipped materials laboratory	Residents: entry-level Bachelor’s: up to 55 credit hours $ 11,560 + $ 464 for each credit hour over 15 Upper Level Undergraduate: 56 or more credit hours Non-residents: Entry Level Undergraduate: Up to 55 credit hours $ 14,450 + $ 579 for each credit hour over 15 Upper Level Undergraduate: 56 or more credit hours $ 15,953 + $ 640 for each credit hour over 15	Traditional hostels: Double room and meals from $ 9,311 Single room and meals from $ 11,879 Room only (no meals) $ 5,231	4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)
Holmark University	431	Airframe and Powerplant Technology (Associate Degree) Power Plant Technology (Associate Degree) Aviation Services Management (Associate Degree, Online Course) Glider Technology (Associate Degree)		757 engines Corporate aircraft Airframe and Powerplant Laboratory Mechanical workshop	State Residents / Non-Residents: $ 38,210	Off-campus accommodation and meals $ 10,084	Airframe and Propulsion Technology (Associate Degree): 15 months full-time training or 21 months evening Power Plant Technology (Associate Degree): 10 months full-time or 13 months evening Aviation Services Management (Associate Degree, Online Course): 20 months Glider Technology (Associate Degree): 10 months full-time training or 13 months in the evening
Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology	–	Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Training Program Hybrid Aviation Services Technology Program (first half online) Aviation Electronics Technology (Diploma or Associate Degree) Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) (Diploma or Associate Degree) Quality Control Management (BSc) Aviation Technology Management (17 months post-associate degree)	Pilot training program	Electronic Equipment Laboratory Training laboratory for the construction and programming of unmanned aerial vehicles Welding Workshop for Aviation Maintenance Students Specialized classes Modern equipment for maintenance and non-destructive aeronautical research Aviation electronics workshops Boeing 727 and Boeing 727-100 training cockpits Real-time weather information system provided during flights Classes distributed across two Tulsa airports	$ 27,550 – $ 84,825 depending on the chosen course	No accommodation on campus in Denver. Offsite placement available through EDUrent partnership; One bedroom apartments start at $ 1,040 (monthly) Tulsa Campus offers limited accommodation at the Spartan Residence Hall; prices are available upon request	Aviation Service Technology: Diploma 15 months; associate’s degree 18 months Hybrid program: diploma 20 months; associate’s degree 23 months Air flights: diploma 12 months; associate’s degree 17 months Non-destructive research: diploma 16 months; associate’s degree 11 months

University

World Rank 2017

Proposed Aviation Programs

Proposed Pilot Programs

Logistics

Tuition per year

Cost of living per year

Course length

Purdue Polytechnic Institute

Air Traffic Management (BSc)

Aerospace Research

Airline Management and Operations (BSc)

Aerospace Financial Analysis (BSc)

Airport Management and Operations Management (BSc)

Professional Flight Technology (BSc)

Unmanned Aerial Systems (BSc)

Airframe and propulsion system

Aeronautical Engineering Technology (BSc)

Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering

Aviation Electronics Laboratory

Aviation Materials Laboratory

Engine test chambers

Future laboratory hangar

Holleman Simulation Center – Niswonger (offers several types of simulators for practical training)

Operations Control Center

Polytechnic Institute for the 2018/19 academic year

Resident: $ 10,564

Non-resident: $ 29,366

International non-resident: $ 31,366

Resident: $ 10,030

Non-resident: $ 10,030

International: $ 10,030

4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

five

Aeronautical Engineering (BSc)

Mechanical engineering in accordance with the recommendations of the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Aeronautical Engineering (BSc)

Aerospace Computational Design Laboratory

Aerospace Control Laboratory

Gas turbine laboratory

International Air Transport Center

Aviation Environment Laboratory

Strategic Engineering Research Group

System Architecture Laboratory

Research Laboratory of System Engineering

Technological laboratory of advanced materials and structures

Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel

$ 51,520 (undergraduate and graduate)

Dormitory (room):

Single: $ 5,590

Double: $ 4.945

Triple: $ 4,420

Quadruple: $ 3,905

4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)

Georgia Institute of Technology

Aerospace Engineering (BSc)

Aerospace Engineering (5-year joint bachelor’s and master’s program)

Aerospace Engineering with Flight Mechanics and Area of Study Management (Bachelor’s or Joint Five-Year Bachelor’s and Master’s Degree Program)

Center for the Development of Machine Mobility (CRMM)

Indoor flight unit, modern motion detection laboratory

John J.Harper

Wind tunnel (300 fps) with anechoic chamber and acoustic engine test set

Scientific and Technical Laboratory of Aerothermodynamics

Georgia residents: $ 10,008 (tuition fee)

Georgia non-residents: $ 30,604

Mandatory student fees: $ 2,416

Single apartment: $ 10,544

Twin Shared Accommodation: $ 9,918

Shared home for more than two people: $ 9,562

4 years full-time

5 years correspondence course

University of North Dakota

431

Airport Management (BSc)

Aviation Administration (BSc)

Air Traffic Control (BSc)

Aviation Technology Management (BSc)

Commercial Aviation (Aircraft) (BSc)

Commercial Aviation (Helicopter) (BSc)

Specialization “Business Aviation” (bachelor’s degree)

Aviation (magistracy)

Flight training (bachelor’s degree)

Unmanned Aerial System Operators (BSc)

Professional Flight (Junior Employee) (Bachelor’s Degree)

Aerospace Airport / Grand Forks International Airport

Fleet of 120 aircraft

11 heated Hangars

Flight Simulator Cessna C172

Seminole Flight Simulator

Canadair Regional Jet Flight Simulator

Large service center

Flight Operations Building

16 FAA flight trainers

North Dakota residents: $ 8,695 (full-time)

Minnesota residents: $ 9,562

Permanent Residents: $ 12.307

Non-residents: $ 20,759

Room and board: $ 8,974

4 years (bachelor’s degree)

Ohio State University

Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering (BSc)

Aviation (BA or BSc)

Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering (BSc)

Electronics Laboratory

Computing Laboratories

Mechanical workshop

Aerospace Research Center

Air Force Research Laboratory

Aerospace Systems Management Center for Computational Science

Air Force Research Laboratory and Center for Structural Sciences

Center for Modeling and Innovation

Ohio residents: $ 10,726

Non-residents: $ 30,742

International: $ 33,670

Residents: $ 12,434

Non-residents: $ 12,434

International: $ 12,434

4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)

Embry-Riddle Aviation University

601-800

Aeronautical Science (BSc)

Aeronautics (bachelor’s degree)

Aerospace and Occupational Safety (BSc)

Aerospace Engineering (BSc)

Aerospace Physiology (BSc)

Air Traffic Control (BSc)

Aviation Business Management (BSc)

Aviation Operations (BSc)

Aviation Service Science (BSc)

Aviation Security (BSc)

Study of world conflictology (bachelor’s degree)

Homeland Security (BSc)

Interdisciplinary Studies (Bachelor’s)

Meteorology / Applied Meteorology (BSc)

Safety Management (BSc)

Unmanned Aviation Systems (BSc)

Unmanned Aircraft Systems Science (BSc)

Unmanned Systems Application (BSc)

Wildlife Science (BSc)

Aeronautics (BSc)

Aeronautical Science (BSc)

Aerospace and Occupational Safety (BSc)

Safety Management (BSc)

Aerospace Physiology (BSc)

Aerospace Engineering (BSc)

Unmanned aerial vehicles laboratory

Terminal Radar Laboratories and Control Tower Areas

Airframe and Powerplant Laboratory

Weather Research Center

Media broadcast laboratory

Aircraft Accident Forensic Laboratory

Standard flight simulators and aircraft

Air Traffic Control Laboratory

Meteorological suite

Prescott Aerospace Experiments and Building Dummies

Florida residents: $ 34,236

Non-residents: $ 35,964

Additional $ 205 per semester for College Engineering students

Room and board: $ 11,438

4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)

San Jose State University

440

Professional Flight (Bachelor’s Degree)

Aviation Administration (BSc)

Flight Management (Bachelor)

Maintenance Management (BSc)

Aerospace Engineering (Bachelor’s, Master’s)

Small space exploration

Professional Flight (Bachelor’s Degree)

Flight Management (Bachelor)

Central mechanical workshop

Engineering Computer Services

Production building

Aviation Electronics Laboratories

State residents: $ 7,796

Non-residents: Additional $ 396 per unit

Resident Dorm: $ 16,442

Non-residents: Additional $ 396 per unit

4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)

Florida Institute of Technology

5 (according to Times Higher Education 2019)

Aeronautical Science (BSc)

Aeronautical Science with Flight (BSc)

Aerospace Engineering (BSc)

Air traffic control

Small aircraft dispatcher

Aviation Human Factors and Safety (BSc)

Aviation Administration (Bachelor’s and Master’s)

Aviation Sciences (Ph.D.)

Aviation Airport

Development (master’s degree)

Aviation Management with Pilot (Bachelor’s) Training

Aeronautical Meteorology (BSc)

Aeronautical Meteorology with Pilot Training (BSc)

Human Factors and Flight Safety in Aviation with Pilot Training (Bachelor’s Degree)

Computer labs for airport design and planning

Basic Aviation Simulator Laboratory (BATD) (allows all students to fly stationary simulators under the guidance of an instructor)

52 new and refurbished aircraft including Cessnas and Pipers

Human Factors Laboratory

Institute students have access to flight simulators conveniently located at nearby Melbourne Airport

Engineering and Science majors: $ 20,550

All other specialties: $ 18,730

Tuition fees are paid on a semester basis in the spring and fall

Dormitory cost / length of stay:

One person from $ 3,195

Double room from $ 2,210

Suites from $ 3,750

2 years minor program

3 years bachelor degree

1 year magistracy

Western Michigan University

501-600

Aerospace Engineering (BSc)

Science of Aviation Flight (BSc)

Aviation Management and Operations (BSc)

Aviation Technical Operations (BSc)

Mechanical Engineering (Bachelor’s Degree)

Science of Aviation Flight (bachelor’s degree)

Aviation Flight Science (BSc)

Aviation College – W.K. Kellogg

Aviation Simulator

200 flight simulators

Three Cirrus SR-20 Advanced Flight Simulators

Multi-engine simulator Redbird full motion Automotive systems laboratory

Center for modern construction of design and simulation techniques

Combustion and Flow Research Laboratory

Applied Aerodynamics Laboratory

Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics

Progressive and well equipped materials laboratory

Residents:

entry-level Bachelor’s: up to 55 credit hours $ 11,560 + $ 464 for each credit hour over 15

Upper Level Undergraduate: 56 or more credit hours

Non-residents:

Entry Level Undergraduate: Up to 55 credit hours $ 14,450 + $ 579 for each credit hour over 15

Upper Level Undergraduate: 56 or more credit hours $ 15,953 + $ 640 for each credit hour over 15

Traditional hostels:

Double room and meals from $ 9,311

Single room and meals from $ 11,879

Room only (no meals) $ 5,231

4 years full-time (bachelor’s degree)

Holmark University

431

Airframe and Powerplant Technology (Associate Degree)

Power Plant Technology (Associate Degree)

Aviation Services Management (Associate Degree, Online Course)

Glider Technology (Associate Degree)

757 engines

Corporate aircraft

Airframe and Powerplant Laboratory

Mechanical workshop

State Residents / Non-Residents: $ 38,210

Off-campus accommodation and meals $ 10,084

Airframe and Propulsion Technology (Associate Degree): 15 months full-time training or 21 months evening

Power Plant Technology (Associate Degree): 10 months full-time or 13 months evening

Aviation Services Management (Associate Degree, Online Course): 20 months

Glider Technology (Associate Degree): 10 months full-time training or 13 months in the evening

Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology

–

Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Training Program

Hybrid Aviation Services Technology Program (first half online)

Aviation Electronics Technology (Diploma or Associate Degree)

Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) (Diploma or Associate Degree)

Quality Control Management (BSc)

Aviation Technology Management (17 months post-associate degree)

Pilot training program

Electronic Equipment Laboratory

Training laboratory for the construction and programming of unmanned aerial vehicles

Welding Workshop for Aviation Maintenance Students

Specialized classes

Modern equipment for maintenance and non-destructive aeronautical research

Aviation electronics workshops

Boeing 727 and Boeing 727-100 training cockpits

Real-time weather information system provided during flights

Classes distributed across two Tulsa airports

$ 27,550 – $ 84,825 depending on the chosen course

No accommodation on campus in Denver.

Offsite placement available through EDUrent partnership; One bedroom apartments start at $ 1,040 (monthly)

Tulsa Campus offers limited accommodation at the Spartan Residence Hall; prices are available upon request

Aviation Service Technology: Diploma 15 months; associate’s degree 18 months

Hybrid program: diploma 20 months; associate’s degree 23 months

Air flights: diploma 12 months; associate’s degree 17 months

Non-destructive research: diploma 16 months; associate’s degree 11 months

The

Comparison Chart provides several key findings that are useful for students applying for aviation courses at leading US universities and colleges:

Of the universities we studied, eight offer undergraduate degrees, five offer graduate programs, and four offer associate degrees.Two offer diplomas and certificates. A two-year associate degree allows students to leave the classroom and immerse themselves in the work environment for half their study time and earn the experience it will take to complete their bachelor’s degree, as well as ease the financial burden of tuition fees.
Despite the differences between aviation and aeronautical courses at different universities, they all tend to offer students similar practice resources, from fleets and aero clubs to flight and engine simulators.This indicates that aviation schools are recognizing the importance of meeting the needs of a growing industry by equipping laboratories with the latest technology.
Comparisons show that aviation programs at community colleges such as Western Michigan University allow students to pursue careers in aviation even when funding is limited.

History of Aviation Education and US Aviation Universities

Acrobatic flight team air show.

The first academic interest in human flight in the United States was recorded [2] in 1883, when Professor J.J. entitled “Air Navigation” followed by a book called “Progress in Aircraft” in 1894.
The history of MIT’s Aeronautics and Astronautics Department can be traced back to 1896, when student Albert J.Wells built a 30-square-inch wind tunnel as part of his mechanical engineering dissertation.
Soon after the Wright brothers’ first successful flights to Kitty Hawk in 1903, universities around the world began offering aviation education and training programs.
One of the first aviation education initiatives in the United States took place in October 1909, when Wilbur Wright gave three hours of training to Lieutenants Frank P. Lam and Frederick E. alone.
A year later, in 1910, Lieutenant Benjamin D. Fulua taught himself how to fly in Communications Corps No. 1 at Fort Sam Houston, Texas.
Widespread aviation education and training in the United States originated from the need to train a significant number of pilots in the First and Second World Wars, but it was not until January 1942 that the Air Education and Training Command was created by the War Department.
The first American Collegiate Aeronautics Program started at the University of Michigan in 1914, followed by the establishment of the Department of Aeronautical Engineering in 1916 and the first four-year program in aeronautics.
The Daniel Guggenheim School of Aeronautics opened at New York University in 1925. The Daniel Guggenheim Foundation for the Advancement of Aeronautics has provided grants to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Michigan, Stanford University and the California Institute of Technology, and has also been instrumental in expanding aviation technology programs across the country.

Aviation courses at top US universities

Purdue Polytechnic offers seven bachelor’s and three master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Bell tower on the Purdue University campus in spring.

Purdue Polytechnic is one of 10 academic colleges at Purdue University in Lafayette, Indiana. Its School of Aviation and Transportation Technology offers seven aviation majors at the undergraduate level. [3]

Aeronautical Engineering Technology deals with the design, operation and maintenance of turbines and jet engines, wind tunnels and virtual computer simulators required in the aircraft industry.
Aerospace financial analysis helps aerospace companies navigate complex data and agreements, enabling them to be financially sustainable.
Airline Management allows students to explore the complex airline system by learning about the various business decisions that can affect success
Airport Management and Operations understand the intricacies of airport management and the many business decisions that can affect success.
Aviation Management prepares students to one day run an airport, lead an air traffic control team and run a company; or help establish industry aviation policy.
Professional Flight Technology prepares students for careers as a commercial, corporate or private jet charter pilot using a fleet of aircraft and simulators.
Unmanned aerial systems survey all stops surrounding the unmanned aircraft industry, including design, operations, surveillance equipment, commercial activities and politics.

The focus of graduate programs is on preparing graduates for a future in the aviation and aerospace industry that is rapidly changing in response to technological advances. One of the paths of progressive thinking is applied at Purdue University in postgraduate programs [4], as well as an on-campus master’s degree and access to online programs.

The MSc in Aviation and Aerospace Management focuses on meeting the industry’s growing need for leaders with skills such as operational analysis, security systems design, project management, systems integration and environmental sustainability.
The Master’s Degree in Aviation and Aerospace Management, offered online, aims to develop the skills required to become a leader in the aviation industry. The course content is applied across a wide range of professions that support aeronautical and aerospace trends.
A PhD in Technological Science is an opportunity to develop expertise in a specific technological field and become a foremost leader, researcher, professor or scientific leader in the field of technology.

The University School of Aviation and Transport Technologies is developing five additional scientific research in specialized laboratories [5], headed by the department of the faculty. The research focuses on biofuel testing and development, gender in the aviation industry, evaluating blends of soy and diesel fuels, turbine performance, human factors and crew resource management.

The Aviation Electronics Lab introduces students to aeronautical engineering through research in complex aerospace digital circuits.
The Aviation Materials Laboratory tests and evaluates equipment and seals when exposed to next generation aviation fuels. The laboratory also conducts field trials and interprets the findings for companies, agencies and organizations.
The hangar of the future research laboratory is a scientific division of the aviation industry and the MPO technology innovation center. The main focus is on finding innovative ideas for solving data and process visualization problems in aerospace manufacturing and aircraft lifecycle management of modern smart aircraft.
The Holleman-Niswonger Simulation Center provides hands-on training for students and graduates using a variety of devices and simulators.
The Mission Control Center provides students with the opportunity to explore and optimize over 100 flights per day, thus preparing students well for work in airlines and their network operations centers or in the FAA control center.

The University’s School of Aviation and Transportation Technology maintains strong partnerships with the aviation and aerospace industry.This includes integrating real-time industry-specific issues into curriculum planning, as well as building partnerships for students through internships and other projects.

Purdue Polytechnic University’s Globalization Office [7] takes relationship building one step further by providing students with global and cultural opportunities to grow further with instructor-led study trips and international experience.

The University is offering approximately $ 600,000 in scholarships [8] to study at the Institute, which are awarded on the basis of merit and financial need. For consideration, students must submit an additional scholarship application for each year they would like to receive a scholarship.

Founded in 1869, Purdue University has over 39,000 students from 50 states and 130 countries. The university is ranked # 56 out of 312 national universities and # 21 out of 60 among schools for best university teaching.[9]

Of particular interest to aviation and aerospace students is the fact that Amelia Earhart joined Purdue in 1935 [10] as a visiting advisor to female students. It was here that she built the so-called “flying laboratory”: the twin-engined airliner Lockheed Electra. In fact, the Purdue Institute’s School of Aviation and Transportation Technology has been dubbed “The Cradle of Astronauts,” [11] for its alumni were prominent personalities, including Neil Armstrong, the first man to set foot on the moon.More recently, the United States Air Force, in partnership with Purdue Polytechnic Institute [12], trained cadets to fly in their Junior Officer Reserves.

Students [13] applications to the university are reviewed on the basis of how well the student is academically prepared and able to succeed in the curriculum, and their competitiveness is assessed against the total number of applicants for the available places available for study.

Applicants entering the Institute should take into account [14] that there is an entrance fee of $ 60 and the deadline for completing all formalities is November 1.ACT or SAT scores must be submitted by February 1st. The admission rate to the Purdue Institute is 57%.

Are you a budding aviation professional? Chat with us about applying for the course and we will do our best to provide helpful advice.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology offers 2 bachelor’s degrees and 12 master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Building 10 with a large MIT dome overlooking Killian Court.

AeroAstro is the oldest American aerospace program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), whose community boasts an astronaut, Secretary of the Air Force, Deputy NASA Administrator and Chief Technologist, Air Force Chief Scientist, aerospace executive and corporation founder.

AeroAstro offers two Bachelor of Science degrees in Aerospace Engineering and Engineering, recommended by the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

The AeroAstro Graduate Program provides students with a wide range of research and collaboration opportunities with some of the brightest and most motivated colleagues in academia and industry. The Master of Science degree is ideal for students who already have a bachelor’s degree and want to focus on a specific disciplinary field.

The Ph.D. and Ph.D. degrees are for students who already have a master’s degree and wish to pursue original research in a focused area.AeroAstro offers doctoral degrees in the following 12 areas:

Aerospace Computing
Aerospace, Energy and Environment
Jet Engines
Air Transport Systems
Aviation Systems Design
Automation
Communications and Networks
Management
Aerospace People
Materials and Structures
Space Propulsion
Space Systems

Students may also pursue a range of interdisciplinary master’s and doctoral degrees through affiliated programs of MIT and its affiliates.

AeroAstro’s training and research areas range from autonomous systems to alternative jet fuels; and also here students study sealed spacesuits for walking on planets and other bodies in space, constellations of nanosatellites, which in aggregate significantly exceed single large satellites; interested in the development of ultra-wideband communications. These projects, carried out in 25 AeroAstro laboratories, aim to make the environment cleaner and quieter, improve health and safety, increase mobility and efficiency, and allow humanity to explore boundaries far beyond our current limits.

In addition, the MIT International Air Transport Center has a mission to improve the safety, efficiency and capacity of domestic and international air transport and its infrastructure through the use of information technology and human-centered systems analysis. Research Areas: Air Traffic Management, Air Transport Infrastructure and Economics, Aviation Security and Weather, Airline Management and Operations, Human Factors, Flight Equipment, and Aviation’s Environmental Impact.

A buffet of student groups, teams and clubs gives students the opportunity to share and explore common interests with their peers outside of the lecture hall.

If you are thinking of joining the AeroAstro program, keep in mind that applicants must apply to study through the university’s website. Ranked third in National Universities and first in Aerospace, Aviation, Astronautical Engineering, MIT is a select school with a freshman enrollment rate of just 8% in the fall of 2016.

The Aeronautics Institute program has grown with the highlights and achievements of the history of aeronautics and astronautics of the United States since the late nineteenth century. The university’s focus on being highly educated and solving industrial capacity problems stems from an understanding of the many challenges of flight and how important it is to push the boundaries of technology. For more than a century, pioneer entrepreneurs and researchers, as well as gifted men and women in industry, government and academia, have found key sources of inspiration and innovation and learned critical skills at MIT.

If you think you are one of the great aviators of tomorrow, then talk to us about applying for a course at the university of your choice and we will do our best to provide some helpful advice.

The University of North Dakota offers eight undergraduate and two graduate programs in aviation and aeronautics

Aerial view of the University of North Dakota at Grand Forks in summer

School of Aerospace Sciences.John D. Odegard University of North Dakota prepares students at the undergraduate level in eight courses [15]. These include:

Bachelor of Science in Aeronautics with a degree in Air Traffic Control
Bachelor of Science in Aeronautics with a degree in Aeronautical Research
Bachelor of Science in Aeronautics with a degree in Commercial Aviation
Bachelor of Science in Aeronautics, specializing in Flight Training
Bachelor of Science in Aeronautics, specializing in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Operation
Bachelor of Science in Business Aviation
Bachelor of Administration in Airport Management
Bachelor of Management in the specialty Aviation Management

Master’s students [16] have the opportunity to specialize in four areas: Flight Safety, Unmanned Aviation Systems, Management and Human Factors in Aviation.The Master of Science in Aviation offers learning flexibility and is available as an online course, while the PhD in Aerospace Science can be earned while studying on campus or online.

The University of North Dakota School of Aerospace Sciences has approximately 500 faculty and staff and more than 1500 students [17] from around the world. The practice facilities and aviation resources [18] at the West Campus and Grand Forks International Airport have many options:

120 aircraft and helicopters can be accommodated in 10 heated hangars at Grand Forks International Airport at night and in inclement weather.
Airport employees, servicing aircraft, install aircraft on the ramp in the morning and return them to the hangar at night. They also refuel each aircraft after flight and provide heating and can also start if needed.
Flight management at the General Staff for aircraft dispatching and preliminary briefing of students for their next flight.
Daily checks of each aircraft are carried out at one of the largest maintenance facilities in the country.

The Aviation School has an active research program [19] offered to students in collaboration with the private industry, government, unmanned aerial systems (UAS) researchers and alumni. Areas of specialization ㄧ Research and study of unmanned aircraft systems. Current research projects include: Unmanned Traffic Control, Joint Aerospace Techniques and Imaging; Implementation of UAS BVLOS operations through network infrastructure; UAS command and control systems (C2) for use beyond line of sight; and Inspection of power line components using unmanned aerial systems.

The University of North Dakota School of Aerospace Sciences annually awards about US $ 370,000 in scholarships to aerospace students [20]. Applications are available to students enrolled in aviation courses during the spring semester. They are awarded based on academic merit, leadership, flight achievement, and any criteria set by the scholarship sponsors. Fellowships are currently available to aviation students – including freshmen and transfer students – in the Professional Flight major and include: Odegard Fellowship Programs provided by the James Ray Foundation; Joe Clark Fellowship with EAA Aviation Foundation; and the Clay Lacey Fellowship in collaboration with the EAA Aviation Foundation.

About 49% of full-time students of the University’s master’s programs receive financial assistance (according to need), and the average scholarship or grant is $ 5,366 [21].

The University of North Dakota’s Aviation and Aeronautics Program began in 1968 [22] with the donation of two aircraft and the first enrollment of 12 students. Aviation enthusiast John Odegard was the founding chairman of the Faculty of Aviation. By 1982, significant demand for atmospheric research and aviation education programs required the establishment of a Center for Aerospace Sciences.Today, the John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences is the second largest degree-granting college and also boasts one of the largest civil flight training fleets in North America.

If you think you are one of the great aviators of tomorrow, then talk to us about applying for a course at the university of your choice and we will do our best to provide some helpful advice.

Ohio State University offers five aviation and aeronautical degrees

Daytime view of the Bricker Hall building at Ohio State University.

The Center for Aviation Studies at Ohio State University at Columbus offers five undergraduate degrees [23] in aeronautical engineering and aviation management, as well as a pilot specialization that can be combined with any degree. A commercial pilot certificate can be obtained before graduation, and then students can obtain a certified flight instructor license after graduation.

Undergraduate students can add a professional pilot specialization to any of these majors:

Bachelor of Science in Aviation, The College of Engineering without a professional pilot specialization produces well-rounded aviation professionals with experience in systems engineering and aviation coursework.
Bachelor of Arts in Social Sciences, Air Transport, College of Arts and Sciences with no professional pilot specialization focuses on the global transportation system with a particular focus on air transport.
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, Specialization in Aviation Management, Fisher Business College prepares well-rounded aviation managers with a background in business administration and analytics.
Bachelor of Science in Aviation, College of Engineering with Professional Pilot Specialization graduates professional pilots with experience in engineering and aviation coursework and crowns the training of specialists with the option of obtaining a Commercial Pilot Certificate or a Flight Instructor Certificate.
Bachelor of Arts in Social Sciences: Air Transport, College of Arts and Sciences, with a Professional Pilot Specialization produces professional pilots with experience in the humanities and aviation coursework within its walls, the logical conclusion of which is obtaining a Commercial Pilot Certificate or Flight Certificate instructor.

The university has a fleet of 17 aircraft and about 15 instructors at Ohio Airport [24], the third busiest airport in the state. Since 1942, the airport has served as a training laboratory for future professionals and a major center for university research, as well as providing services to industrial enterprises in the Columbus area.

The Partnership to Improve the Safety, Accessibility and Sustainability of General Aviation (PEGASAS) [25] is the university’s Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) general aviation center of excellence.Its mission is to improve the safety, availability and sustainability of general aviation. FAA research projects are supported by world-class researchers, educators and industry leaders.

The University Center for Aviation Research recently held the first annual PEGASAS meeting, which was attended by representatives from several universities, the aviation industry and more than a dozen high-level researchers from the FAA. During the meeting, issues of developing research projects were discussed, including assessing the angle of attack in aircraft and airfield surfaces, which are able to self-heat with the help of nanotechnology.

Scholarships [26] available to Ohio State University aviation students include two $ 2,500 in kind awards from the Ohio Regional Business Aviation Association and the Captain Jason Dahl Fellowship, which has awarded 124 scholarships to date ranging from $ 1,000 to $ 5,000 each, which the total is $ 245,000.

Students on the Columbus campus may also be eligible for scholarships and are offered other types of financial assistance. About 47% of full-time undergraduates receive need-based financial assistance; the average scholarship or grant is $ 10,325 [27].Keep in mind that Ohio State University is an electoral school, with a fall 2017 enrollment rate of 48%. [28]

The institute’s aviation and aeronautical program has been providing the industry with specialists since May 1917, when the US military sent the first squadron of 16 cadets for training [29]. Changing over time, the original school of aviation became the department of aviation in 1963, then the center of aviation research. In 2015, the Austin E. Knowlton Foundation donated $ 10 million to the University to improve its aviation, education and research facilities, as well as the Ohio State University airport terminal.

If you are dreaming of a career in aviation, why not talk to us about taking an aviation course at one of the universities? We will do our best to give you the best advice possible.

San Jose State University offers two bachelor’s degrees and one master’s degree in aviation and aeronautics

View of the Tower Hall on a summer day at San Jose State University.

Located in the Gulf of California and the thriving Silicon Valley, the Department of Aviation and Technology at San Jose State University educates and prepares students [30] who are interested in technical, business and flight careers in the broad field of the aviation and aerospace industry.

Two undergraduate programs are offered: Aviation and Industrial Technology. The Aviation Bachelor’s program prepares students for professional careers in flight, airport and operations management, as well as maintenance, air traffic control, or avionics.The Industrial Technology Bachelor’s program guides students on a career path in technical management, where it is necessary to work with high-tech systems, computers, networks, green technologies, electronic devices and production itself.

The postgraduate program offers a Master’s Degree in Quality Control for professionals who wish to pursue a technical management qualification. Working professionals drawn from a range of businesses and industries such as product design, manufacturing, medical technology and electronics are served online and in evening classes.

Flight training [31] is conducted at affiliated FAA-approved flight schools operating at Reed Hillview Airport in San Jose, California. The first, Trade Winds, is a Cessna dealership and provides initial and technical training on Cessna 172 aircraft, two of which are equipped with a Garmin G1000 cockpit. The second, Squadron 2, maintains a mixed fleet of Cessna, Piper and Beechcraft aircraft. Initial training is carried out on the training aircraft Cessna 152 or Cessna 172 or Piper PA-28-161.

The University of San Jose has a number of connections with student and professional organizations [32] including the American Airport Executives Association, the American International Helicopter Association, the Women’s Aviation Club and the Society of Industrial Engineers. Flying Twenty, a flying club open to all students, alumni, faculty and staff of the University, is based at Reed Hillview Airport and provides members with access to three general aviation aircraft at reasonable prices.Many aviation students begin their flying journey with Flying Twenty.

The university’s aeronautics program began in the 1936/37 academic year [33], when a group of students formed the flying club on the advice of mathematics professor Frank Petersen. Currently ranked 33rd out of 140 Top Regional Universities in the West [34] and 4th Best Location to Study Aviation in the United States [35], the university awards eight scholarships [36] to aviation and industrial technology students to help them realize their aviation dreams.

If you are dreaming of a career in aviation, why not talk to us about taking an aviation course at one of the universities? We will do our best to share useful tips with you.

Embry-Riddle Aviation University offers 19 bachelor’s and 13 master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Photo of Embry-Riddle Aviation University with mountains in the background.

Founded in the 1970s, Embry Riddle Aviation University in Daytona Beach, Florida is the nation’s largest and oldest aviation university. The 19 undergraduate and 13 graduate programs in Aviation and Aeronautics [37] demonstrate forward thinking in areas such as wildlife science – a one-of-a-kind program focused on how wildlife management, behavior, ecology, and population research impact aviation. the world and our urban environment.

The university also offers four certification courses and four associate degrees, allowing students to study online or take lessons close to home on one of its many international campuses.

The Bachelor of Science degree is offered in the following majors: Aviation Science, Aeronautics, Space and Occupational Safety, Aerospace Engineering, Space Physiology, Air Traffic Control, Aviation Business Administration, Aviation Maintenance, Maintenance Sciences, Aviation Security, Global Conflict Studies , Homeland Security, Interdisciplinary Research, Meteorology / Applied Meteorology, Aviation Safety, Unmanned Aircraft Systems, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Science, Unmanned Systems Utilization, and Wildlife Science.

A master’s degree is available in the following specialties: Aeronautics, Aerospace Engineering, Aviation and Aerospace Stability, Aviation Maintenance, Aviation Business Administration, Aviation Management Business Administration, Technology Entrepreneurship, Security Sciences, Unmanned and Autonomous Systems and their design.

Their doctoral program offers PhD degrees in aerospace engineering, aviation, and aviation business management.

Flight simulators and other training aids are widely represented at Embry Riddle [38]; It has state-of-the-art laboratories and the latest flight training devices, including industry-standard flight simulators such as the FAA Level D CRJ simulator. The large aircraft fleet includes aircraft such as the Cessna 172 Skyhawks, Piper Arrows, Diamond DA42 L-360s, the American champion Super Decathlon 8KCAB and Robinson helicopters, including the R-22, R-44, R-66 and Bell 206. models.Daytona Beach campus students can explore ways to optimize airspace for manned and unmanned aerial vehicles at the country’s only unmanned aerial vehicle laboratory, while Air Traffic Control students are given the opportunity to develop their skills in laboratories that emulate pathways, terminal radar, and a tower. domain management ..

There are also eight specialized laboratories for Aviation Maintenance students through which they can gain knowledge through direct training that matches the Glider and Powerplant program, and the university also offers a weather research center, a media broadcast laboratory and an expanding an aviation accident forensic laboratory known as the Crash Laboratory.

With so many devices and tools at their disposal, teachers and students of the University contribute to an active research program [39] in the field of applied science, aviation, business, computers and technology, engineering, labor protection, safety and space, and also many others. One recent project simulated extravehicular activity at the Mars Desert Research Station in San Rafael. Biometric protocols used to monitor a person’s ability to move and operate in a simulated spacesuit during extraterrestrial activity have been developed by the Innovation Technology Lab (S.U. I. T.) Embry-Riddle [40] to support NASA’s human research program.

The University’s Corporate Liaison Office and the Research Office work closely to find industry partnerships [41] that provide true industrial student learning and real business solutions.

The University is offering the Embry-Riddle Donor Fellowships and the Global Donor Fellowships Fund [42], which provided a total of $ 76,423 to award 84 students in the 2017-2018 academic year.Embry-Riddle international students are also eligible for a university scholarship. Applicants can apply from January to August every year.

The era began with a simple desire and vision of two men – to teach the brave to fly [43]. In 1925, John Paul Riddle and entrepreneur T. Higby Embry founded the Embry-Riddle Company, which operated from a table in the hotel lobby. To date, Embry-Riddle University has trained and trained over 130,000 graduates for future successful careers in the aviation, aerospace and related industries.

If you think you have what it takes to complete your aviation degree, then talk to us about applying for an aviation course at one of the universities. We will do our best to share useful tips with you.

Western Michigan University offers three degrees in aviation and aeronautics

View of the library on the campus of Western Michigan University in the spring.

Western Michigan College of Aviation offers the only comprehensive aviation program at State University in Michigan, which is also one of the largest in the nation. Students have a choice [44] of three Bachelor of Science majors: Aviation Science, Aeronautical Operations, and Aviation Management and Operations. They can also take part in three aviation studies: Aviation Science, Military Leadership and Aviation Research, and Professional Aviation Training.

The Air Force Reserve Officer Training Program, in partnership with Michigan State University, gives students the opportunity to train as Air Force officers while earning a degree. Upon successful completion of the program, students are assigned as a second lieutenant capable of serving as an officer in leadership positions. Similar programs are offered by about 1000 organizations in the United States and Puerto Rico.

The College of Aviation offers several optional specialized training courses: Certified Flight Instructor, Jet Equivalence Training, and Float Plane Ranking, which can be added to any bachelor’s degree to help students stand out in the job market.

The Flight Department of Western Michigan University [45] is located at V.K. Kellogg’s at Battle Creek. The fleet includes 26 Cirrus SR20 aircraft, two Piper Arrows, six Piper Seminoles, the American Champion Super Decathlon, two Cessna 150s and a Piper Super Cub. The CRJ-20 Level 5 Flight Simulator provides aviation students with equivalent training in a safe environment.

The College of Aviation has partnerships [46] with a number of regional aviation companies, including Duncan Aviation, Kalamazoo Battle Creek International Airport and Northern Jet Management to provide internship opportunities for students.Summer internships are also offered by commercial airlines such as Delta, Southwest, American and Cape Air, as well as Executive and UTFlight positions at Chicago Airport.

Institute students can also interact with their future counterparts in the field and participate in aviation-related events through student organizations such as the Aviation Student Council, SkyBroncos, the Multicultural Association of Aviation Professionals and Women in Aviation. The annual Aviation Review Day [47] connects students with aviation organizations and professionals to give them the opportunity to discuss career options and learn about the needs of the industry.

Twelve scholarships [48] are awarded to fund aviation research students; six to aviation maintenance students and two to military students.

Western Michigan University was founded [49] in 1903 – the same year the Wright brothers completed their first successful flight. At this time, education and aviation seemed like parallel worlds to each other, but by 1939 aviation service was added to the curriculum of Western State Teachers College, which would eventually become Western Michigan University.

Approximately 50 years later, the aviation program developed into a stand-alone university college and was renamed Western Michigan University Aviation College. Today, the school enjoys a significant reputation in the industry, providing quality aviation training to some 800 resident students, and has its own fleet and offers the only comprehensive aviation program at State University in Michigan.

With an eye on the future, in the fall of 2017, a partnership between Western Michigan University, Charlotte County, Punta Gorda Airport and Florida Southwest State College launched a new location in Punta Gorda, Florida.This initiative will expand the College of Aviation program to keep pace with innovations that will positively impact the future of aviation in the United States.

When applying [50] to the University’s Aviation College, keep in mind that ACT or SAT scores must be earned by September 1st and there is also a $ 40 entry fee. The current school enrollment rate is 82%.

Are you one of the great aviators of tomorrow? Talk to us about applying for a course at the university of your choice and we’ll do our best to provide some helpful advice.

Hallmark University offers four aviation and aeronautical programs

A beautiful day at the Hallmark University campus in San Antonio, Texas.

Hallmark University College of Aeronautics in San Antonio, Texas has trained aeronautical technicians since 1969. The college is also the government’s # 1 supplier of aeronautical graduates who pass the FAA aeronautical technician exams.

Degrees offered [51]: Bachelor of Science in Aviation Services Management and three shorter, two-year Applied Science Associate courses in Airframe Technology, Airframe and Powerplant Technology, and Powerplant Technology. Instead of the usual two-semester year, Hallmark students study in six eight-week semesters with minimal interruptions.

Hallmark University Aeronautics Campus [52] is located at San Antonio International Airport, which gives students the opportunity to work in real hangars on real jet engines, while gaining the opportunity to obtain a license for a glider and power plant.The university also prides itself on creating real-world settings [53] for its classrooms, so students learn by working on real servers, capturing jet engines and doing real-time simulations in medical laboratories.

In early 2018, Hallmark Aeronautics College launched a new training program in collaboration with Lockheed Martin [55]. The manufacturer plans to annually increase the production of F-35 aircraft from 66 to 200, which will bring their training complexes to full capacity.As a result, they need to hire 1,800 new employees over the next 18 months, so students at the University are trained to assemble new fighters, and successful candidates will be offered jobs at Lockheed Martin upon completion of their training.

Hallmark University assists aviation students in need of financial assistance by offering financial assistance or other industry scholarships.

Are you dreaming of a career in the aviation industry? Talk to us about applying for a course at the university of your choice and we’ll do our best to provide some helpful advice.

The Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology offers eight college graduation degrees and six degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology logo.

The Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology in Tulsa, Oklahoma offers eight Associate Applied Science degrees and six diploma qualifications [57] in Aviation Maintenance, Aviation Electronics, Nondestructive Research / Quality Control, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning, Pilot Training and Aviation management.

Eight two-year Associate Degrees of Applied Science aim to get students out of class to the workplace within two years. Courses offered are: Aeronautical Flight, Aviation Maintenance Technology, Aviation Electronics Technology, Quality Control Management, Industrial Research in Aviation Services Technology, Professional Study of Airframe and Powerplant, Industrial Research in Aviation Electronics Technology, and Professional Studies in Systems. heating / ventilation / air conditioning.

Six diplomas offered by CFII & CFI II Aviation Flight (Professional Pilot), Aviation Maintenance Technologies, Aviation Electronics Technologies, Non-Destructive Research, Glider and Powerplant, and Heating / Ventilation / Air Conditioning.

In addition, students can participate in the Aviation Maintenance Technology Hybrid Program (first half offered online) and earn a Bachelor of Science in Aviation Technology Management from college.

Spartan College focuses on equipping each student with a wide range of basic skills to competently perform the job and provide students with hands-on experience with industry-specific equipment. To this end, each of the college’s five campuses is located at an airport: The Tools Flight Campus is located at Richard L. Jones Airport in South Tulsa; the main Tulsa campus is located near Tulsa International Airport; the Los Angeles campus is located near Los Angeles International Airport, the Inland Empire campus is located at Flabob Airport in Riverside California, and the Denver Brumfield campus near Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport.

The College has 19 aircraft for aviation maintenance and aircraft with electronic equipment for students, as well as two flight simulators (RedBird full-motion simulator and Frasca Level 5 Flight Training Device) for flight training. Their fleet of 45 aircraft includes Cessna 152s and 172s, Piper Arrow for advanced complex training and Piper Seminoles for multi-engine training.

Spartan College has been able to build an impressive number of relationships with public and private partners through individual and contractual training programs [58] that they offer to governments, schools and private organizations and institutions in the United States and around the world.

Aviation training can be expensive, so the College has a financial assistance team that can help and guide students through a variety of funding options; and financial resources such as the Cal Grant program are offered. [59]

In 2018, the college celebrated its 90th anniversary [60] as a pioneer in aviation education and training. Since its founding in 1928 by oil magnate W.G. Skelly, the College has continued its mission to meet the national need for skilled aeronautical technicians, with more than 140,000 technicians and pilots pursuing successful careers in the aeronautical industry.

If you think you have what it takes to pursue a career in aviation, please talk to us about applying for a course at the university of your choice and we will do our best to provide some helpful advice.

Rio Salado College offers one advanced degree and three certification courses in aviation and aeronautics

View from the sky on a sunny day at the University of Tempe, Arizona.

Rio Salado College is a community college in Tempe, Arizona that offers one Aviation Degree [61] – Associated Applied Technology in Aviation Operations – and three certificates of completion for Ground Handling, Passenger Services, and Booking and Ticketing.

In fact, the College provides advanced training through partnership programs for the development of specialists [62]. This means that in order to register, students must already be hired by an airline partner, corporation or government agency partner at Rio Salado College.

The Rio Salado College Education Model enables employers to attract the best talent by offering additional training as an advantage for onward hiring

; that is, at the same time, students can do coursework in college, adding value to existing training. Online training with round-the-clock technical support using several sites allows future specialists to complete training remotely, which gives them the opportunity to be located anywhere in the United States.

Students who would like to fund additional college tuition may contact the Arizona Foundation [63], which offers a range of private sponsorship opportunities.

Rio Salado College opened its doors in 1978, offering remote classrooms at 180 locations throughout the Valley of the Sun. The college began offering online classes 18 years later and had moved most of its courses online by 2006.

One of the educational innovations of Rio Salado is the Elementary College [65], which gives high school students the opportunity to make a leap in their college education by earning certain merit, saving on college tuition and textbooks, and receiving scholarships based on their financial needs.Rio Salado College was recognized by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for innovative delivery of postsecondary education in HCM Strategists’ report “Bridging Inequality: What It Means and Why It Matters,” and was also ranked by Forbes magazine as a “Visionary Leader in Higher Education” [66].

Florida Institute of Technology offers 12 undergraduate degrees and eight degrees in aviation and aeronautics

View from the sky on a sunny day at the University of Tempe, Arizona.

Florida Institute of Technology is ideally located on Florida’s Space Coast to offer students training in four key areas at its College of Aeronautics [67]: Aviation Human Factors and Safety, Aviation Sciences, Aviation Management and Aviation Development, Air Traffic Control and Dispatch.

The Undergraduate Program [68] offers eight bachelor’s degrees in Aeronautical Science, Aeronautical Science with Flight Training, Aviation Management and Aviation Management with Flight Training, Aviation Meteorology, Aviation Meteorology with Flight Training, Human Factors and Safety and safety of flights with flight training, plus there is an opportunity to get an online bachelor’s degree in aviation management.Associate Applied Science degrees include Air Traffic Control, Aviation Management (online), and Flight Control and Dispatch.

The university’s postgraduate program includes three Master of Science degrees in Human Factors in Aviation, Human Factors in Aeronautics (online) and Human Factors Design. In addition, there are four Master’s courses in Airport Administration, Development and Management, Applied Aviation Security, Aviation Management (online) and Aviation Security (online).Students can also choose from two doctoral degrees: Aviation Sciences and Doctor of Aviation Sciences (online).

In response to a looming shortage of pilots, Florida Institute of Technology launched a Pathway Programs initiative whereby it partners with eight airlines to select and further develop pilots during their college career, with a “pass-through” approach to second-year career placement. routes in major airlines.

The training facilities of the College of Aeronautics [69] in Melbourne include the Aeronautics and Innovation Center, the Emil Buehler Aviation Training and Research Center, and the Skurla Hall, which offers classrooms, computer labs, flight simulators and a fleet of 40 aircraft.

The Aeronautics and Innovation Center trains, research, advises and technology transfers to enhance aviation education and industrial advancement in all aspects of airport planning, design, development, operation and management.The center also houses the FIT Aviation Simulation Center, the Laboratory for Unmanned Aerial Systems, and the Office for External Relations and Economic Development.

Aviation Training and Research Center. Emil Buehler is home to aviation and includes an aircraft and hangar crew, pilot briefing rooms, rest and planning areas, and a fleet of over 40 aircraft.

Since 1968, FIT Aviation LLC has been a subsidiary of the Florida Institute of Technology, based at Melbourne International Airport, and host of all university-related flight training events.FIT Aviation also operates a commercial FBO at Melbourne International Airport and provides training to a variety of clients including airlines and individuals.

FIT Aviation provides both flight and ground training in all pilot units: from Private Pilot to Air Transport Pilot, Airplane Flight Instructor, as well as Mechanism and Multiengine. In addition, it offers unique courses such as Traditional Mechanisms, Basic Aerobatics, Comprehensive Instrument, Advanced Cockpit and Air Taxi.All flight training is integrated with ground research conducted by the College of Aeronautics.

The College of Aeronautics programs also provide incentives to students by making research more comfortable and familiar to them. [70] In addition to training simulators and other on-campus teaching aids, the Alumni Association and faculty directly connect students with organizations such as NASA, FAA, KSC, Harris Corp, Northrop Grumman, Avidyne, and many other commercial pilot associations.

Florida Institute of Technology was originally founded as Brevard Engineering College in 1958; in the same year, NASA began its work. This year, the Institute celebrates 60 years of education and research that has gone from humble beginnings as a night school for rocket scientists to an institution that has trained over 60,000 alumni who have contributed to the aviation and aeronautical industry at home and abroad.

Are you one of the great aviators of tomorrow? Talk to us about applying for a course at the university of your choice and we’ll do our best to provide some helpful advice.

Summary and Reflections on the Future of Aviation and Aeronautical Research

A team of aeronautical engineers is working on a drone in a laboratory.

Seven key factors will continue to affect the aviation industry for at least the next decade:

A dramatic increase in air travel that is expected to double in the next 20 years. [72]
The number of pilots in the United States has decreased by 30% since 1987.[73]
About two thirds of the pilots in the 1980s were ex-military. [74] That number has dropped to less than a third, and the Navy predicts a 10% pilot shortage in 2020, while the Air Force expects 1,000 pilots to be short by 2022.
The projected expansion and modernization of global fleets is threatened by a projected 9% shortage of aircraft mechanics [75] by 2027.
The US military has accepted delivery of 300 F-35 fighters [76], and this number will double by the end of 2020.The final number of F-35s required by the Air Force, Navy and Marine Corporation is currently set at an all-time high of 2,443.90
Demand for both unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) ) is growing rapidly, and they are already used in commercial, recreational, agriculture and emergency services. Within months, the FAA, requiring registration of drones for unmanned aircraft systems, found that the number of drone registrations exceeded the number of manned aircraft. [77]According to the latest projections, production of non-military unmanned aircraft systems will reach $ 88.3 billion in the next decade. [78]
Boeing announced plans to develop the first passenger hypersonic commercial aviation concept aircraft. [79]
Aerion AS2 is a supersonic business aircraft developed by Aerion Corporation in collaboration with Lockheed Martin [80]. The 12-passenger private jet is targeting a prototype flight scheduled for early 2019, with further plans to certify the aircraft in 2021.It is expected to reach a top speed of Mach 1.6, which is a mind-boggling fact.

A sharp increase in the volume of air traffic leads to a shortage of pilots, flight personnel and aircraft. As aircraft manufacturers accelerate production lines to meet demand, there is a growing need for aeronautical mechanics, with the Air Force, Navy and Marine Corporation in a similar situation. Whether in the form of unmanned aircraft systems or supersonic jet aircraft, they are changing both the present and the future of aviation and aeronautics.

Aviation education is directly influenced by the growing number of partnerships between aviation universities and aviation commercial companies or government agencies. The need for collaboration across the industry is intended to accelerate further progress in aviation and aeronautics in a challenging and exciting cycle. The good news for prospective aviation students is that universities are already working with industry partners to accelerate learning and channel alumni to companies and government agencies.It is hoped that this will nudge the industry to find innovative ways and make learning more accessible.

What does seem clear is that there has never been a more exciting or auspicious time to start an aviation career and reach for the stars.

A few words for the universities mentioned in the article

Are you from one of the universities described in this study? If you would like to provide more up-to-date information or to contact us for any other reason, do not hesitate to visit our contact page or call +1 516 432 5901 .

90,000 The forced landing of an aircraft in Minsk is being investigated by the law enforcement agencies of Lithuania, Poland and the United States

“Along with the investigation launched in the Polish Republic, we have information from colleagues from the United States that the FBI has launched its own investigation. We also intensively cooperate with colleagues from Ireland, with colleagues from Greece – this happens every day, around the clock,” said journalists R.Kishkis.

According to him, members of the Ryanair crew were interviewed, as well as “about 90% of all passengers on the plane.”

Deputy Prosecutor General of Lithuania Gitas Ivanauskas said that the plane of the Irish airline Ryanair is still at the Vilnius airport, since all the actions planned by the investigation have not been completed. After completing them, the plane will be able to leave Lithuania. In the coming days, it is planned to conduct an additional inspection of the aircraft.

He also assured that at the moment, together with the Polish prosecutor’s office, a joint investigation group is being created, in this country a pre-trial investigation is being carried out in connection with the fact that this aircraft is registered in Poland.

According to R. Kishkis, the FBI most likely launched an investigation, since it had information that there were also US citizens among the passengers.

“Naturally, since, perhaps, there is information that among the passengers there were also their citizens, the country decides for itself whether or not to start an investigation,” he said.

The head of the Criminal Police also confirmed that the Vilnius airport received a letter with threats that a bomb was planted in the plane, as reported, this information was not confirmed later.

“I received the letter, when we will not answer, we check and evaluate this information,” R. Kishkis said.

He also said that on Thursday Belarus also received a response through the Interpol channel.

“The content is very brief that a plane landed in Minsk, that five passengers were landed in Minsk and remained there, among them is Roman Protasevich, in respect of whom a pre-trial investigation is underway, and who was detained as part of a pre-trial investigation conducted by Belarusian law enforcement bodies “, – noted R.Kishkis.

Both the deputy prosecutor and R. Kishkis confirmed that in the coming days it is planned to send a request for legal assistance to Belarus.

On 23 May, in the afternoon, a Ryanair passenger plane flying from Athens to Vilnius was forced to land at the Minsk airport. He had already approached the airspace of Lithuania, but was forced to turn to the capital of Belarus. The Belarusian opposition activist and blogger, creator of the Nexta news channel, Roman Protasevich, who was flying this Ryanair plane from Athens to Vilnius, was detained after landing in Minsk, and his girlfriend, a student of the European Humanities University in Vilnius, a citizen of Russia, Sofia Sapega, was also detained.

In connection with this incident, the EU leaders agreed to ban Belarusian airlines from flying to the bloc countries and called on EU airlines not to fly in the Belarusian airspace, and in order to increase pressure on the regime, the EU is considering the introduction of sectoral sanctions for Minsk.

How underground boats were created and tested

On the eve of World War II, the USSR and Germany were actively developing new weapons – combat subterrins (underground boats), designed to strike at strategically important enemy targets literally from under the ground.The ideas of the underground war were not forgotten even after the victory over Germany, but until now developments in this area are under the veil of secrecy.

Trebelev’s capsule

Back in 1904, Russian inventor Pyotr Rasskazov published in an English magazine material about a self-propelled capsule that can move underground. Moreover, later his drawings surfaced in Germany. And the first underground self-propelled vehicle in the 30s of the last century was created by the Soviet engineer and designer A. Trebelev, who was assisted by A.Kirilov and A. Baskin.

It is curious that the principle of operation of this underground boat was largely copied from the actions of a mole burrowing a hole. Before proceeding with the design of the subterrine, the designers carefully studied the biomechanics of the movements of an animal placed in a box with earth using X-rays. Particular attention was paid to the work of the head and legs of the mole. And on the basis of the results obtained, its mechanical “twin” was constructed.

Trebelev’s capsule-shaped subterrine was moved underground by a drill, auger and four stern jacks, which pushed it like the hind legs of a mole.The machine could be controlled both from the inside and outside – from the surface of the earth, using a cable. The underground boat also received power through the same cable. The average speed of movement of the subterrin was 10 meters per hour. But due to a number of shortcomings and frequent failures of the apparatus, the project was closed.

According to one of the versions, the unreliability of the subterrine was revealed already during the first tests. On the other hand, before the war itself, they tried to finalize it on the initiative of the future People’s Commissar of Armaments of the USSR D.Ustinov. According to the second version, at the beginning of 1940, designer P. Strakhov, on a personal assignment from Ustinov, improved Trebelev’s subterrine. Moreover, this project was originally created exclusively for military purposes, and the new underground boat was supposed to operate without communication with the surface. A prototype was created in a year and a half. It was assumed that he would be able to work autonomously underground for several days. For this period, the subterrine was supplied with fuel, and the crew, which consisted of one person, was supplied with oxygen, water and food.However, the war prevented the completion of work on the project. The fate of the prototype of Strakhov’s underground boat is unknown.

Reich Subterrines

Not only the Soviet Union was interested in underground boats. Before the war, subterrins were also developed by German designers. In the 1930s, engineer von Wern (according to other sources – von Werner) filed a patent for an underwater-underground “amphibian” which was called Subterrine. The device had the ability to move both in the water element and under the surface of the earth, and, according to the calculations of von Wern, in the latter case, the subterrina could reach speeds of up to 7 km / h.At the same time, the Subterrine was designed to transport a crew and an assault force of five people and 300 kilograms of explosives.

In 1940, Germany was seriously considering the von Wern project for use in hostilities against Great Britain. In the plans developed by Hitler for Operation Sea Lion, which envisaged the landing of a German landing on the British Isles, there was a place for von Wern’s submarines. His amphibians were supposed to swim unnoticed to the British shores and continue to move through English territory underground, in order to then strike a surprise attack on the British defenses in the most unexpected area for the enemy.

According to some information, by the way, a certain R. Trebeletsky had a hand in the work on von Wern’s project. Moreover, there is an unconfirmed version that in fact it was the same Trebelev who developed the first underground boat in the USSR and either visited Germany and met with von Wern, or escaped from the Soviet Union with the help of the Abwehr.

The Subterrine project was ruined by the arrogance of G. Goering, who led the Luftwaffe and hoped to defeat the British in an air war without help from the ground.As a result, von Verne’s underground boat remained an unrealized idea, as well as the fantasies of his famous namesake Jules Verne, who wrote the science fiction novel “Journey to the Center of the Earth” long before the appearance of underground boats.

Another even more ambitious project of a German designer by the name of Ritter was named with a fair amount of pathos Midgard Schlange (“Midgard’s Serpent”) – in honor of the mythical reptile – the world serpent that encircles the entire inhabited earth. This machine was supposed to move above and below ground, as well as on water and under water at a depth of up to one hundred meters.It was assumed that the “Serpent” would move underground at a speed of 2 km / h (in hard ground) to 10 km / h (in soft ground), 3 km / h – under water and 30 km / h – on the surface land.

But what is most striking is the colossal dimensions of this gigantic machine. Midgard Schlange was conceived as an underground train, consisting of many crawler-compartment wagons. Each is six meters long. The total length of the “serpentine” phalanx-cars connected together was from 400 meters. The longest configuration is more than 500 meters.Four one and a half meter drills pierced the path of the “Snake” in the ground. In addition, the machine had three additional drilling kits and weighed 60,000 tons. To operate such a colossus, 12 pairs of rudders and 30 crew members were required. The armament of the giant subterrine was also impressive: two thousand 250-kilogram and 10-kilogram mines, 12 coaxial machine guns and six-meter underground torpedoes.

Initially, it was planned to use the “Midgard Serpent” to destroy fortifications and strategic facilities in France and Belgium, as well as to undermine British ports.But in the end, the underground colossus of the Reich never took part in any of the military operations. There is no exact data on whether at least a prototype of the “Snake” was made or whether this idea, like the Subterrine, remained only in paper embodiment. But it is known that the advancing Soviet troops found mysterious adits near Konigsberg, and nearby – a destroyed machine of unknown purpose. In addition, technical documentation describing German underground boats fell into the hands of the scouts.

“War Mole”

After the war, the head of SMERSH V.Abakumov, who attracted professors G. Babat and G. Pokrovsky to work with trophy drawings and materials. But it was possible to make real progress in this area only in the 60s with the coming to power of N. Khrushchev. The new leader of the USSR liked the idea of ”getting the imperialists out of the ground.” Moreover, he even announced these plans publicly. And, apparently, there were already good reasons for such statements by that time.

In particular, it is known that a secret plant for the production of underground boats was built in Ukraine.And in 1964, the first Soviet subterrine with a nuclear reactor was released, which was named “Battle Mole”. About this development, however, little is known. The underground boat had an elongated cylindrical titanium hull with a pointed end and a powerful drill. According to various sources, the size of the atomic subterrin ranged from 3 to almost 4 meters in diameter and from 25 to 35 meters in length. The speed of movement under the ground is from 7 km / h to 15 km / h.

The crew of the “Battle Mole” consisted of five people. In addition, the vehicle could carry up to 15 paratroopers and about a ton of cargo – explosives or weapons.Such combat vehicles were supposed to destroy fortifications, underground bunkers, command posts and missile launchers in mines. In addition, the “War Moles” were preparing for a special mission.

According to the plan of the military command of the USSR, in the event of aggravation of relations with the United States, the subterrins could be used for an underground strike on America. With the help of submarines, it was planned to deliver the “War Moles” to the coastal waters of seismically unstable California, then drill into the United States and install underground nuclear charges in those areas where American strategic facilities were located.If the atomic mines were set in motion, the most powerful earthquakes and tsunamis would occur in the region, which could be attributed to an ordinary natural disaster.

According to some reports, tests of the Soviet atomic subterrine were carried out in different soils – in the Moscow region, the Rostov region and in the Urals. Moreover, most of all the witnesses were struck by the capabilities of the underground boat, which she demonstrated, in the Ural mountains. The War Mole easily bit into hard rock and destroyed the underground target.However, a tragedy occurred during the repeated tests: the car exploded for some unknown reason in the Urals. The crew was killed. The project was closed shortly thereafter.

Jacket Alaska Slim Fit N-3B (steel blue

Classic Mens Jacket Alaska “ Slim Fit N-3B ” from Alpha Industries is a lengthened version of the N-2B jacket that makes men’s hearts beat at an accelerated pace. This Alaska was originally issued for Air Force crews.Like all jackets for US pilots, the Slim Fit N-3B has a bright orange lining, so that in the event of an emergency landing, rescuers from a height can quickly find the crew from a helicopter or plane. To do this, the pilots wore the jacket with the wrong side up, with the orange side out, thus becoming clearly visible from a height.

Deep and spacious chest pockets on the chest with snap fasteners. The hood is insulated with faux fur and is also trimmed with faux fur edging.To prevent cold air from entering from below, Alaska has a curtain in the belt area. On the left sleeve there is a branded patch pocket with special compartments for pens or pencils. The sleeves are additionally insulated and reinforced at the elbow folds. Protective knitted cuffs keep the cold out of the jacket. Alaska is fastened along its entire length with a reliable metal zipper, additionally covered with a windproof flap. The material of this Alaska is 100% nylon with a water-repellent impregnation.

Features of the jacket: bright orange lining, tighter fit compared to the classic N-3B, heat-insulating wide cuffs, the color of the fur inside the hood is painted in the color of the jacket, reliable branded metal zippers Alpha Ind.

Sleeve type: raglan

Upper material: Windproof smooth aircraft nylon with water repellent treatment

Insulation: synthetic PolyFil.

Edge: artificial fur (detachable)

Completeness: standard

Comfort temperature: to minus 30-35 ° C (depends on humidity and wind)

Manufacturer: Alpha Industries, USA (Alpha Industries)

Country of origin: China

90,000 Contemporary music from Great Britain and the USA

In the program:

Division I

Sir Michael Tippett

Excerpts from oratorio A Child of Our Time :

Steal away

Nobody Knows the Trouble I See

Go down, Moses

By and by, Deep River

Soloists: Julia Zolotoreva (soprano), Maria Buinosova (soprano), Victoria Vaksman (soprano), Galiya Chavanina-Valeeva (mezzo-soprano), Andrey Ivanov (tenor), Sergey Godin (tenor), Andrey Kryzhanovsky (bass), Evgeny Kapustin (bass)

Michael Brewer

Spirituals:

Joshua Fit the Battle of Jericho

We Shall Arise

Soloists: Olga Popova (soprano) and Sergey Godin (tenor)

Precious Lord

Soloist – Galiya Chavanina-Valeeva (viola)

Section II

Leonard Bernstein

Wonderful Town

Musical based on the play by Joseph Fields and by Jerome Chodorov “My Sister Eileen” based on the stories of Ruth McKenny

Libretto Betty Comden and Adolphe Green

concert version

semi-stage production

Director – Kim Criswell

In the main parties:

Ruth Sherwood – Kim Criswell (mezzo-soprano, USA)

Eileen Sherwood – Olga Listova (soprano, Russia)

Robert Baker – Sebastian Lemoine (baritone, France)

Lonigan – Vansant Ordonno (tenor, France)

Rivers, Chick Clark, Editor – Leroy Villanueva (baritone, USA)

Guide, Frank Lippencot – Zachary Halley (tenor, USA)

Introduction

Brief information about the best universities in the USA

History of Aviation Education and US Aviation Universities

Aviation courses at top US universities

Purdue Polytechnic offers seven bachelor’s and three master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Massachusetts Institute of Technology offers 2 bachelor’s degrees and 12 master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

The University of North Dakota offers eight undergraduate and two graduate programs in aviation and aeronautics

Ohio State University offers five aviation and aeronautical degrees

San Jose State University offers two bachelor’s degrees and one master’s degree in aviation and aeronautics

Embry-Riddle Aviation University offers 19 bachelor’s and 13 master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Western Michigan University offers three degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Hallmark University offers four aviation and aeronautical programs

The Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology offers eight college graduation degrees and six degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Rio Salado College offers one advanced degree and three certification courses in aviation and aeronautics

Florida Institute of Technology offers 12 undergraduate degrees and eight degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Summary and Reflections on the Future of Aviation and Aeronautical Research

A few words for the universities mentioned in the article

How underground boats were created and tested

Trebelev’s capsule

Reich Subterrines

“War Mole”

Jacket Alaska Slim Fit N-3B (steel blue

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Introduction

Brief information about the best universities in the USA

History of Aviation Education and US Aviation Universities

Aviation courses at top US universities

Purdue Polytechnic offers seven bachelor’s and three master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Massachusetts Institute of Technology offers 2 bachelor’s degrees and 12 master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

The University of North Dakota offers eight undergraduate and two graduate programs in aviation and aeronautics

Ohio State University offers five aviation and aeronautical degrees

San Jose State University offers two bachelor’s degrees and one master’s degree in aviation and aeronautics

Embry-Riddle Aviation University offers 19 bachelor’s and 13 master’s degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Western Michigan University offers three degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Hallmark University offers four aviation and aeronautical programs

The Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology offers eight college graduation degrees and six degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Rio Salado College offers one advanced degree and three certification courses in aviation and aeronautics

Florida Institute of Technology offers 12 undergraduate degrees and eight degrees in aviation and aeronautics

Summary and Reflections on the Future of Aviation and Aeronautical Research

A few words for the universities mentioned in the article

How underground boats were created and tested

Trebelev’s capsule

Reich Subterrines

“War Mole”

Jacket Alaska Slim Fit N-3B (steel blue

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

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