Titan Pro Lacrosse Shaft: Ultimate Guide to Premium Performance

What are the key features of the Titan Pro lacrosse shaft. How does it compare to other high-end shafts. Is the Titan Pro worth the investment for serious players. What makes titanium an ideal material for lacrosse shafts.

The Revolutionary Titan Pro: Redefining Lacrosse Performance

The Warrior Titan Pro lacrosse shaft represents the pinnacle of innovation in lacrosse equipment design. Crafted from premium titanium, this shaft offers an unparalleled combination of strength, lightness, and responsiveness that can elevate a player’s game to new heights.

But what exactly makes the Titan Pro stand out in a crowded field of high-end lacrosse shafts? Let’s dive deep into the features and benefits that have made this shaft a favorite among professional players and discerning amateurs alike.

Titanium Technology: The Heart of the Titan Pro’s Power

At the core of the Titan Pro’s exceptional performance is its titanium construction. But why choose titanium for a lacrosse shaft?

• Strength-to-weight ratio: Titanium offers an unmatched balance of durability and lightness
• Corrosion resistance: Unlike some alloys, titanium maintains its integrity even in harsh conditions
• Vibration dampening: Titanium’s natural properties help reduce vibrations, improving feel and control

The Titan Pro leverages these inherent advantages of titanium to create a shaft that is 20% lighter and 30% stronger than traditional alloy options. This translates to faster swing speeds, improved maneuverability, and confidence in the shaft’s ability to withstand the rigors of intense gameplay.

Engineered for Elite Performance: Key Features of the Titan Pro

Beyond its titanium core, the Titan Pro incorporates several design elements that cater to the needs of high-level players:

• Optimized weight distribution for enhanced balance and control
• Textured grip surface for secure handling in all weather conditions
• Precision manufacturing to ensure consistent performance across every shaft
• Compatibility with a wide range of lacrosse heads for versatile play styles

These features combine to create a shaft that feels like a natural extension of the player’s body, allowing for more intuitive and precise movements on the field.

The Professional’s Choice: Why MLL Players Trust the Titan Pro

The true test of any piece of lacrosse equipment is its performance at the highest levels of the game. In this regard, the Titan Pro has firmly established itself as a leader, becoming the preferred handle among professional players in Major League Lacrosse (MLL).

Why do pros gravitate towards the Titan Pro?

1. Consistency: The shaft’s performance remains reliable game after game, season after season
2. Feel: The titanium construction provides unparalleled feedback, allowing for precise control
3. Durability: Even under the intense physical demands of professional play, the Titan Pro holds up
4. Competitive edge: The shaft’s unique properties can provide that crucial extra bit of speed or power

For players aspiring to reach the highest levels of the sport, using equipment trusted by professionals can provide both practical benefits and a psychological boost.

Comparing the Titan Pro: How It Stacks Up Against the Competition

While the Titan Pro stands out as a premium option, it’s essential to understand how it compares to other high-end shafts on the market. How does it fare against alternatives like carbon fiber or advanced alloy shafts?

Titan Pro vs. Carbon Fiber Shafts

• Weight: Both are extremely light, with the Titan Pro potentially having a slight edge
• Durability: Titanium generally offers superior long-term durability compared to carbon fiber
• Feel: Some players prefer the “livelier” feel of titanium over the dampened feel of carbon fiber
• Price: The Titan Pro is often more expensive, reflecting its premium materials and construction

Titan Pro vs. Advanced Alloy Shafts

• Strength: The Titan Pro offers significantly higher strength-to-weight ratio
• Weight: Titanium allows for a lighter shaft without compromising durability
• Responsiveness: The Titan Pro typically provides better energy transfer and feel
• Cost: While more expensive, many players find the performance benefits justify the investment

Ultimately, the choice between these options often comes down to personal preference and playing style. However, the Titan Pro’s unique combination of attributes makes it a compelling choice for players seeking the absolute best in performance.

Investing in Excellence: Is the Titan Pro Worth the Price?

With its premium price tag, many players wonder if the Titan Pro truly justifies the investment. To answer this question, consider the following factors:

• Long-term durability: The Titan Pro’s resilience means it may outlast multiple cheaper shafts
• Performance gains: For competitive players, even small improvements can make a significant difference
• Confidence boost: Using top-tier equipment can enhance a player’s mental game
• Versatility: The Titan Pro’s quality makes it suitable for various positions and play styles

For serious players committed to improving their game, the Titan Pro’s benefits often outweigh its cost. However, recreational players or those on a tight budget may find that more affordable options better suit their needs.

Maximizing Your Titan Pro: Tips for Care and Maintenance

To ensure your Titan Pro shaft maintains its performance edge over time, proper care is essential. Here are some key maintenance tips:

1. Regular cleaning: Wipe down the shaft after each use to prevent dirt buildup
2. Proper storage: Keep the shaft in a cool, dry place when not in use
3. Inspect for damage: Regularly check for any dents or cracks that could affect performance
4. Avoid extreme temperatures: Prolonged exposure to heat or cold can potentially impact the shaft’s properties
5. Use appropriate heads: Ensure you’re using compatible lacrosse heads to prevent undue stress on the shaft

By following these simple steps, you can help ensure that your Titan Pro continues to deliver peak performance season after season.

The Future of Lacrosse Shaft Technology: What’s Next After the Titan Pro?

As impressive as the Titan Pro is, the world of lacrosse equipment is constantly evolving. What might the future hold for high-end lacrosse shafts?

• Advanced materials: New alloys or composites could offer even better strength-to-weight ratios
• Smart technology integration: Sensors for tracking performance metrics may become more common
• Customization: 3D printing could allow for shafts tailored to individual player biomechanics
• Sustainability: Eco-friendly materials and production methods may gain prominence

While these innovations are exciting to consider, they also highlight just how advanced the Titan Pro is in the current landscape. Its titanium construction and refined design place it at the forefront of lacrosse shaft technology, a position it’s likely to maintain for years to come.

Making the Right Choice: Is the Titan Pro the Shaft for You?

Deciding whether to invest in a Titan Pro shaft ultimately comes down to your individual needs, goals, and budget. Here are some key questions to consider:

• What level of play are you competing at or aspiring to reach?
• How important is having the absolute best equipment to your game?
• Are you willing to invest in a premium product for long-term performance benefits?
• Does your playing style benefit from the unique properties of a titanium shaft?

If you find yourself answering “yes” to most of these questions, the Titan Pro could be an excellent choice to elevate your game. Its combination of strength, lightness, and responsiveness makes it a powerful tool for players serious about maximizing their potential on the lacrosse field.

Remember, while equipment plays a crucial role, it’s just one part of becoming a great lacrosse player. Pair your Titan Pro with dedicated practice, strategic play, and a commitment to continuous improvement, and you’ll be well on your way to lacrosse excellence.

Titanium 7 Attack/Midfield Lacrosse Shaft $19.95 (On Sale)
– Savage X Lacrosse

• Certified 7075 T-6 Titanium Reinforced Aerospace grade alloy – the best in the game.
• Colors: Black, White, Navy, Red, Silver, Aztec Gold (new)
• Clean design
• Suitable for: Attack/Midfield
• Length: 30″
• Weight: 161 grams
• Shaft Wall Thickness: 0.96mm
• Shaft Finish: Anodized Light Frost (White is painted matte finish)
• Handle Shape: Scalloped Octagon Oval
• Head Screw: Anodized Black Self-Tapping
• Butt End: TPR Recyclable Polymer
• Made in the Savage X Lacrosse factory

With over 5000 on the field, the TITANIUM 7 was the best selling lightweight lacrosse handle for the past two years due to its unparalleled quality, simple design and reasonable price. Once widely available through lacrosse retailers at typical shaft prices, this amazing deal is now available direct from Savage X Lacrosse at a wholesale price of $19. 95. The best deal in lacrosse just became the best deal in lacrosse history!

The Titanium 7 is a lightweight tactical performance handle designed for attack or midfield. Its anodized surface is free of paints*, with only simple engraving at the head in place of typical graphics overkill. The Titanium 7 lacrosse handle looks awesome with any head or string job. 7075 T-6 “True Aerospace” titanium reinforced alloy provides the optimum strength-to-weigh ratio allowing a lighting fast response time and confidence that this handle was built to last. This is a professional grade lacrosse handle made specifically to compete with any major brand handle on the market.

We are able to offer exceptional prices because we are the manufacturer. Major lax brands buy their products from factories like ours. In fact we have made handles for the major brands prior to starting our own brand. Why are you paying so much?

SAVAGE X LACROSSE – THE BEST DEAL IN THE GAME!

* White Titanium 7 has a painted matte finish. White is not achievable through anodizing.

Warrior Titan Pro Titanium Men’s Attack Lacrosse Shaft

Top 10 Best Warrior Titan Pro Defense Lacrosse Shaft Reviews and Comparison 2021

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Bestseller No. 2

Lacrosse Scoop Premium 4x7ft Lacrosse Rebounder

• MASSIVE TARGET AREA: Rebounder is 4 feet wide by 6. 5 feet tall giving over a 25 feet surface area
• TIME TESTED TRAINING TOOL: Fastest Way To Improve Your Game. 5 different angles allow for rapid training and improvement. Improve your grounders, line drives and pop ups.

Bestseller No. 6

StringKing Composite Pro Faceoff Men’s Lacrosse Shaft 155 Grams (White)

• Smart Taper technology. — Composite Pro lacrosse shafts feature an advanced taper design, distributing material throughout the shaft to optimize balance and increase strength where it’s needed most.
• More consistent. — The stiffness of the Composite Pro lacrosse shaft gives more power on your shots without sacrificing accuracy, so you get the most consistent release possible.

Bestseller No. 8

StringKing Complete Junior Boy’s Youth 10U Lacrosse Stick with Head and Shaft (White Head & Silver Shaft)

• Great pocket. – The pocket is the most important part of the lacrosse stick and critical to learning proper fundamentals. The Complete Jr. lacrosse stick comes ready to play right off the shelf with a perfect pocket—no adjustments needed.
• Lighter shaft. – Little guys have little hands. We made our A7150 Jr. lacrosse shaft narrower and lighter than our standard A7150, so young players can grip the lacrosse shaft correctly before they are developed enough to use a full-sized lacrosse shaft.

How to Choose the Right warrior titan pro defense lacrosse shaft: A Step-by-Step Guide

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Top 10 Best Warrior Titan Pro Defense Lacrosse Shaft – Top Rated And Reviews 2021

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Bestseller No. 5Lacrosse Scoop Premium 4x7ft Lacrosse Rebounder

• MASSIVE TARGET AREA: Rebounder is 4 feet wide by 6.5 feet tall giving over a 25 feet surface area
• TIME TESTED TRAINING TOOL: Fastest Way To Improve Your Game. 5 different angles allow for rapid training and improvement. Improve your grounders, line drives and pop ups.

Bestseller No. 7StringKing Complete Junior Boy’s Youth 10U Lacrosse Stick with Head and Shaft (White Head & Silver Shaft)

• Great pocket. – The pocket is the most important part of the lacrosse stick and critical to learning proper fundamentals. The Complete Jr. lacrosse stick comes ready to play right off the shelf with a perfect pocket—no adjustments needed.
• Lighter shaft. – Little guys have little hands. We made our A7150 Jr. lacrosse shaft narrower and lighter than our standard A7150, so young players can grip the lacrosse shaft correctly before they are developed enough to use a full-sized lacrosse shaft.

Bestseller No. 10StringKing Composite Pro Faceoff Men’s Lacrosse Shaft 155 Grams (White)

• Smart Taper technology. — Composite Pro lacrosse shafts feature an advanced taper design, distributing material throughout the shaft to optimize balance and increase strength where it’s needed most.
• More consistent. — The stiffness of the Composite Pro lacrosse shaft gives more power on your shots without sacrificing accuracy, so you get the most consistent release possible.

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A Lacrosse Face-Off – The New York Times

LACROSSE is one of the fastest-growing sports in the country, with the number of active players on organized teams growing to 480,627 in 2007 from 253,931 in 2001, according to the most recent survey by US Lacrosse, the sport’s national governing body. The largest percentage increase occurred at the high school level.

From top, WARRIOR TITAN LEVITATION HANDLE $214.99 at www.LacrosseMonkey.com. Its titanium handle, top, offers a good strength-to-weight ratio. Mr. Park liked that the handle could use heads from different manufacturers: “At least they acknowledge that people may be using heads other than Warrior. ” STX VANADIUM GRIP HANDLE $62.90 at www.Lax.com. Mr. Park said its concave octagon shape provided an “optimum” grip and feel and the rubbery coating helped make it his favorite, beating out even the Reebok model he uses. “It’s light and the shape is what I like to use,” he said. ADIDAS ADISTRIKE TITANIUM HANDLE $131.99 at www.lacrosse.com. Mr. Park said that none of the handles he tested would make or break your game, but that the adiStrike felt too slippery to make a tight grip “and that’s not what you want.” He liked the lightweight feel, but ranked it No. 3.Credit…Sumner Dilworth for The New York Times

The onetime niche sport has attracted major equipment companies like Adidas and Nike to compete with established lacrosse specialists like Warrior and STX. As the game has evolved, so has the equipment — from one-piece wooden sticks to today’s mix-and-match composite handles and plastic heads (the basket where the ball is caught).

Credit…Sumner Dilworth for The New York Times

Jarett Park, who plays offense indoors for the New York Titans of the National Lacrosse League and outdoors for the San Francisco Dragons of Major League Lacrosse, tested three attack handles (also called shafts) for male players with the head he uses in competition (Warrior Evo Pro) and tested three heads meant for male players with his Reebok handle. Reebok, a division of Adidas, is an official sponsor of the indoor league.

All of the heads came prestrung (they also come in unstrung versions) and none were acceptable to the 25-year-old Mr. Park; elite players string their own heads. But prestrung heads should be sufficient for most recreational players.

How a Michigan Kid Became an Unlikely Lacrosse Titan

How a Michigan Kid Became an Unlikely Lacrosse Titan

Mon Sep 17 2018 | Corey McLaughlin | Fuel

PHOTO BY JOHN STROHSACKER

Dave Morrow — a two-time national defenseman of the year at Princeton, an All-World defenseman for the 1998 U.S. team and the founder and CEO of Warrior Sports — will be inducted into the National Lacrosse Hall of Fame on Sept. 29.

The National Lacrosse Hall of Fame will enshrine nine new inductees — Kevin Cassese, Leigh Buck Friedman, A. J. Haugen, Alex Kahoe, Phyllis Kilgour, David Morrow, Ryan Powell, Denise Wescott and Tami Worley Kirby — in a ceremony Sept. 29 at The Grand Lodge in Hunt Valley, Md. Tickets are available for purchase until Sept. 21.

The turning point of not only Dave Morrow’s lacrosse career, but his entire life occurred during the first college game he started. More than a quarter century later, he recalls it all. 

On March 2, 1991, against Johns Hopkins at Homewood Field, Morrow’s job, as a Princeton sophomore, was to cover the Blue Jays’ top scorer, Matt Panetta. 

“I had a picture of him next to my bed,” Morrow said of Panetta. “I thought about it every single spare moment I had.”

As a kid from the then-lacrosse outlier state of Michigan, who knew more about his father’s metal and aluminum tubing business than any advanced defensive scheme — and who didn’t sniff the field as a freshman — Morrow didn’t know what to expect.

The anxiety haunted him. He had nightmares about being scored on. He was raw, untested, and unknown — except as the angry, former hockey player who wore cut-off khakis or Army pants and chased players when he trekked east for recruiting camps. 

“Then it gets to game time,” Morrow said. “I held [Panetta] to one or two points. … I thought, ‘If I could stop this guy, I could stop more guys.’ 

“I always say the gift lacrosse gave me is self-confidence. I never thought in a million years I’d have the ability to do that. But you do something that’s well beyond what you think you can do, and then you keep repeating it over and over again.”

Three years later, Morrow graduated as a two-time national defenseman of the year and 1993 player of the year. Then he earned All-World honors with Team USA in 1998. 

Now, Morrow enters the National Lacrosse Hall of Fame, the culmination of a journey that coincided with the lacrosse boom of the late 1990s and 21st century. He’s the first inductee from his home state, was a key figure in the emergent Princeton dynasty and became an industry pioneer.  

And to think, because of his lack of understanding of the game, he simply stopped showing up for practice as a freshman and told third-year coach Bill Tierney he’d been practicing for a week with the hockey team instead. 

“He closed the door and ripped me,” Morrow said, “and told me he had a plan for me, and I can’t quit. … Then at the end of freshman year, he told me, ‘We have high expectations for you next year. We’re going to start you.’”

Morrow’s play didn’t waver much from its nascent form. 

“At 13, I was working in a factory with steel-toed boots on, with Dave on my shirt. I hated that. I hated my summer job. And I hated the fact everybody teased me about how no one from Michigan would ever be able to play lacrosse. I would do whatever I could to destroy them. When you’re a defenseman and you have a chip on your shoulder, it definitely gives you an advantage,” Morrow said. “I was a thug.”

“He was nasty,” Tierney said. 

Morrow threw checks so hard his aluminum sticks bent — many times. He broke more than 20 shafts in a year before he finally took his father’s advice to build a shaft out of titanium prior to the 1992 NCAA tournament. The Tigers won the title that year, beating Syracuse for their first of six titles in 10 seasons.

“That weekend put Princeton on the map and David Morrow on the map,” Tierney said.

PHOTO COURTESY OF PRINCETON ATHLETICS

Morrow played lacrosse with a mean streak, the product of a youth spent working at his father’s metal factory in Detroit. 

The titanium shafts, initially questioned, caught on so much that they were called a competitive advantage. A year later, Morrow started Warrior Lacrosse, named after his Brother Rice (Mich.) High’s mascot. Eventually, Morrow grew the company into the industry’s equipment leader, and sponsored the 1998 U.S. men’s national team that Morrow played on and beat Canada in the final. The drama of the overtime game, and passion of the 10,000 fans who watched it at Homewood Field, convinced “Body by Jake” Steinfeld and Tim Robertson to partner with Morrow to start Major League Lacrosse. Morrow ultimately sold a controlling interest in Warrior to New Balance in 2004. 

“At the time, I wasn’t trying to innovate. I just wanted a stick that wouldn’t bend,” Morrow said. “That’s something we made a living doing, changing the things that people aren’t willing to change.”

Now 47 years old and a married father of four kids, three of whom play lacrosse, Morrow still speaks with an angry streak, but is content in his place in the game.

“I’ve done it as a player, a businessman and now as a family man,” Morrow said. “The experience is complete.”

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Titanium, Ti, atomic number 22

General

Titanium is a chemical element with the element symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It belongs to transition metals and is in the 4th subgroup (group 4) or titanium group in the periodic table. The metal is shiny, white and metallic, lightweight, durable, flexible, corrosion and temperature resistant. Therefore, it is especially suitable for applications requiring high corrosion resistance, strength and low weight. Due to the complex manufacturing process, titanium is ten times more expensive than conventional steel.

Titanium was discovered in 1791 in England by priest and amateur chemist William Gregor in titanium iron. In 1795, German chemist Heinrich Klaproth also discovered it in rutile ore and gave the element its current name – in honor of the Greek gods of the titans.

However, it was not until 1831 that Justus von Liebig succeeded in extracting titanium metal from the ore. Pure titanium metal (99. 9%) was first produced by Matthew A. Hunter in 1910 by heating titanium tetrachloride with sodium to 700-800 ° C in a steel bomb.

It was not until the 1940s that William Justin Kroll succeeded in discovering titanium for commercial use using the Kroll process, introducing large-scale reduction of titanium tetrachloride with magnesium.

Entry

Titanium is found in the earth’s crust only in association with oxygen in the form of an oxide. This is by no means a rarity, with a content of 0.565% it ranks 9th in terms of the content of elements in the continental crust. It is usually only available in low concentrations.

The important minerals are:

• Ilmenite (titanium iron ore), FeTiO3
• Leucoxene, low iron ilmenite
• Perovskite, CaTiO3
• Rutile, TiO2
• Titanite (sphene), CaTi [SiO4] O
• Titanates such as barium titanate (BaTiO3)
• Companion in iron ores.

The main deposits are located in Australia, Scandinavia, North America, the Urals and Malaysia. The deposits were discovered in Paraguay in 2010, but their development is only planned.

Meteorites may contain titanium. Titanium has also been found on the Sun and in stars of spectral class M. There are also deposits on the Earth’s moon. Rock samples from the Apollo 17 lunar mission contained up to 12.1% TiO. ₂ . There are considerations for mining asteroids.

It is also found in coal ash, plants and the human body.

restoration

Pure titanium is hardly found on Earth. Titanium is obtained from ilmenite or rutile. The manufacturing process used is very complex, which is reflected in the high price of titanium. In 2008, a ton of titanium sponge cost an average of 12,000 euros.

The manufacturing process has remained largely unchanged since the opening of the Kroll process. Typically, based on ilmenite or rutile, enriched titanium dioxide is converted by heating with chlorine and carbon to titanium (IV) chloride and carbon monoxide. It is then reduced to titanium using liquid magnesium. For the production of processed alloys, the resulting titanium sponge must be remelted in an arc vacuum furnace.

The largest producer of titanium and titanium alloys is VSMPO-AVISMA, headquartered in Verkhnaya Salda or Yekaterinburg in the Urals, which since September 12, 2006 has been indirectly owned by the Russian state through the Rosoboronexport holding company.

The purest titanium is obtained using the Van Arkel de Boer process.

Eigenschaften

Titanium forms an extremely resistant oxide protective layer when exposed to air, which makes it corrosion resistant in many environments. Remarkable high strength at a relatively low density. However, above 400 ° C, the strength properties deteriorate rapidly. Ultrapure titanium is ductile. At higher temperatures, it becomes brittle very quickly due to the absorption of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen. One should also take into account the high reactivity of titanium with many media at elevated temperatures or elevated pressures, if the passive layer is not able to withstand chemical attack. Here, the reaction rate can increase to an explosion. In pure oxygen at 25 ° C and 25 bar, titanium is completely burned from the freshly cut edge to form titanium dioxide. Despite the passivating layer, it reacts with oxygen at temperatures above 880 ° C and with chlorine at temperatures above 550 ° C. Titanium also reacts (“burns”) with pure nitrogen, which must be taken into account during mechanical processing, for example, due to the heat.

Titanium is resistant to dilute sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, solutions containing chloride, cold nitric acid and most organic acids and bases such as sodium hydroxide.In contrast, it slowly dissolves in concentrated sulfuric acid to form purple titanium sulfate. Due to the danger of explosion, the operating conditions must be strictly observed when using chlorine gas.

The mechanical properties and corrosion behavior can be significantly improved by the addition of mainly minor alloys of aluminum, vanadium, manganese, molybdenum, palladium, copper, zirconium and tin.

Titanium becomes superconducting below 0.4 K.

Below 880 ° C, titanium is present in the densest hexagonal packing of spheres. Above 880 ° C, a body-centered cubic lattice structure is formed.

titanium alloys

Titanium alloys are often used in accordance with the US ASTM standard. Class 1 in 35 characterizes. Grade 1–4 denote pure titanium of varying purity.

Pure titanium has material number 3.7034; the most economically important material used (also for turbocharger blades) Ti-6Al-4V (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium, ASTM: Grade 5) is numbered 3.7165 (industrial) and 3.7164 (aerospace).

Other important titanium alloys mainly used in the aerospace industry:

designation	chemical composition	Young’s modulus in GPa	Density in g cm -3
Ti6246	Ti-6Al 2Sn-4Zr-6Mo	125. 4	4.51
Ti6242	Ti-6Al 2Sn-4Zr-2Mo		4.50

Nitinol (nickel-titanium) is a so-called shape memory alloy.

Use

Titanium is mainly used as a microalloyed steel component. It imparts high toughness, strength and ductility to steel even at concentrations of 0.01-0.1 percent by weight. In stainless steels, titanium prevents intergranular corrosion.

Titanium-based alloys are much more expensive than superalloys – about 45 euros / kg. Therefore, they are only used for the highest demands:

Applications in seawater and environments containing chloride

• Marine propeller parts such as shafts and struts for marine applications
• Integral parts in seawater desalination plants
• Components for evaporation of potassium chloride solutions
• Anodes of submarine cable transmissions HVDC
• Chlorine chemistry equipment

Outdoor and sporting goods

• for high quality bicycles combined with aluminum and vanadium as frame material
• (Diving) Knives with titanium or titanium alloy blades and cutlery
• as tent pegs (high strength despite low weight)
• for golf clubs as club head
• with tennis rackets in the frame
• in stick shooting as an extremely stable stick with ice stick
• as a particularly light ice screw for mountaineering
• as a lacrosse boot for more strength and less weight
• as a firm leader in catching predatory fish with sharp teeth

Use as connections

• Manufacture of relatively soft artificial gemstones
• Titanium-doped sapphire single crystals serve as an active medium in a titanium-sapphire laser for ultrashort femtosecond pulses.
• as titanium tetrachloride for the production of glass mirrors and artificial fog
• Formation of intermetallic phases (Ni ₃ Ti) in heat-resistant nickel alloys
• superconducting niobium-titanium alloys (e.g. as superconducting cables in electromagnets from HERA at DESY)
• in pyrotechnics
• More than 90% of the titanium ore produced is mainly processed into titanium dioxide using chloride and, to a lesser extent, the sulfate process.
• as titanium titrites for coatings of indexable inserts and cutters in production technology

Titanium compounds with boron, carbon or nitrogen are used as solid materials. Titanium compounds are also used for the production of cermets, ceramic and metal composite materials.

building parts

• Wear parts in brazing systems, direct contact with electric solder up to 500 ° C
• Springs in car chassis
• in airplanes and spaceships for highly stressed parts that still need to be light (outer skin at supersonic speeds, compressor blades and other engine parts)
• in steam turbines for the most loaded blades on the low pressure side
• Armored: Some types of submarines of the former Soviet Union had a durable titanium alloy hull (for example, Mike class, Alfa class, Papa class or Sierra class). In addition, titanium is used more frequently in military aviation than in civil aviation. As a result, at the height of Soviet arms production, most of the titanium mined worldwide was produced in Russia and rebuilt.
• due to its low density in the production of level gauges and floats

Medicine

• As a biomaterial for implants in medical technology and dentistry (dental implants, approx. 200,000 pieces per year in Germany alone) due to its very good corrosion resistance compared to other metals.No immunological rejection reaction (implant allergy). It is also used to make dental crowns and dental bridges due to its significantly lower cost compared to gold alloys. In surgical orthopedics with metal leg prostheses (hip joint prostheses) and replacement of the femoral head, replacement of the knee joint after osteoarthritis is widely used. The titanium oxide layer allows the bones to firmly grow into the implant (osseointegration) and thus allows the artificial implant to firmly anchor in the human body.
• In middle ear surgery, titanium is the preferred material for ossicular prostheses and tympanostomy tubes.
• In neurosurgery, titanium clamps (for aneurysm surgery) have largely replaced stainless steel clamps due to their more favorable NMR properties.

electronics

• Nokia released the 8910 mobile phone in 2002 and the 8910i titanium mobile phone a year later.
• In April 2002, Apple Inc.launched the PowerBook G4 Titanium laptop. Large body parts were made of titanium, and the version with a 15.2 “screen and 1” thick weighed only 2.4 kg.
• Select Lenovo (formerly IBM) ThinkPad series notebooks have a titanium-reinforced plastic chassis or a titanium-magnesium composite chassis frame.

Other applications

• Jewelry, watch and eyeglass frames made of titanium
• Coins with a titanium core (e.g. Austrian coins with a denomination of 200 schilling)
• Titanium Sublimation Pump for Ultra High Vacuum
• Electroplating as a support for anodic oxidation of aluminum (ELOXAL)
• As part of CRISAT

standardized bulletproof vests

proof

TiO ²⁺ forms a characteristic yellow-orange complex with hydrogen peroxide (triaquohydroxooxotitanium (IV) complex), which is also suitable for photospectrometric detection.

Standardize

Titanium and titanium alloys standardized in:

• DIN 17850 Edition: 1990-11 Titanium; chemical composition
• ASTM B 348: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Bars and Billets
• ASTM B 265: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Sheets and Plates
• ASTM F 67: Standard Specification for Unalloyed Titanium for Use in Surgical Implants
• ASTM F 136: Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6 Alloy-4-Vanadium ELI (Ultra-Low Interstitial) for Surgical Implant Applications
• ASTM B 338: Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers
• ASTM B 337: Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes

Safety

Titanium is highly flammable in powder form and is harmless.Most titanium salts are considered harmless. Incompatible compounds such as titanium trichloride are highly corrosive as they form hydrochloric acid with traces of water.

Titanium tetrachloride is used in smoke candles and smoke grenades; it reacts with moisture to form white titanium dioxide smoke and hydrochloric acid mist.

The biological disadvantages of titanium in the human body are currently unknown. Thus, titanium hip joints or jaw implants, unlike nickel, did not cause allergies.

Communications

While titanium metal is only intended for difficult technical applications due to its high production cost, the relatively inexpensive and non-toxic color pigment titanium dioxide has become a companion in everyday life. Nearly all white plastics and paints today, including food coloring, contain titanium dioxide (found in foods as E 171). However, titanium compounds are also used in electrical and material technology, and more recently in the production of high performance batteries for vehicle propulsion systems (lithium titanate batteries).

General
Name, symbol, atomic number	Titanium, Ti, 22
series	Transition metals
Group, period, block	4, 4, d
Appearance	silver metallic
CAS number	7440-32-6
Mass fraction of the earth’s shell	0.41%
nuclear
atomic mass	Human 47.867
Atomic radius (calculated)	140 (176) PM
Covalent radius	160 m.
electronic configuration	[Ar] 3d 2 4s 2
work	4. 33 eV
1.ionization	658.8 kJ / mol
2.ionization	1309.8 kJ / mol
3.ionization	2652.5 kJ / mol
4.ionization	4174.6 kJ / mol
physically
Physical state	Holiday
crystal structure	hexagonal (up to 882 ° C, above short)
density	4.50 g / cm 3 (25 ° C)
Mohs hardness	6
magnetism	paramagnetic (= 1.8 10 -4 )
melting point	1941 K (1668 ° C)
Evaporating temperature	3560 K (3287 ° C)
Molar volume	10. 64 10 -6 m 3 / mol
Heat of vaporization	425 kJ / mol
heat of fusion	18.7 kJ / mol
speed of sound	4140 m / s at 293.15 K
Specific heat	523 J / (kg K)
Conductivity	2.510 6 A / (Vm)
thermal conductivity	22 W / (m K)
mechanically
module	105 GPa (= 105 kN / mm 2 )
Poisson	0.34
Chemical
oxidation states	+ 2, + 3, +4
Oxides (basicity)	TiO 2 (Amphoteric)
normal potential	−0. 86 V (TiO 2+ + 2 H. + + 4 e – → Ti + H 2 O)
electronegativity	1.54 (Pauling scale)
Isotope
isotope NH t 1/2 ZA ZE (MeV) ZP 44 Ti {Syn.} 49 a ε 0.268 44 Sc 45 Ti {Syn.} 184.8 min ε 2.062 45 Sc 46 Ti 8.0% stable 47 Ti 7.3% stable 48 Ti 73. 8 % stable 49 Ti 5.5% stable 50 Ti 5.4% stable 51 Ti {Syn.} 5.76 min β – 2.471 51 V 52 Ti {Syn.} 1.7 min β – 1.973 52 V
NMR properties
Rotation γ c rad * T -1 s -1 E r ( 1 H) f L in W = 4. 7 t in MHz 47 Ti -5 / 2 1.508 10 7 0.00209 11.3 49 Ti -7 / 2 1.508 10 7 0.00376 11.3
Safety
SGS Hazardous Substances Powder Labeling

Hazard phrases H and P H: 250EUH: no EUH rates P: 222-231-422 Labeling of hazardous substances (powder) Powder

R- und S-Sätze R: 17-36 / 37 / 38S: 26 (Pulver)

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Adidas – Vigi.

wiki

Adidas AG ( German: [ˆÊ ”adiËŒdas]; stylized as adidas since 1949 ^[3] ) is a German multinational corporation founded and headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Germany, which develops and manufactures footwear, clothing and accessories. It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe and the second largest in the world after Nike. ^{[4] [5]} This is the holding company of the Adidas Group, which consists of the sportswear company Reebok, 8.33% of the German football club Bayern München and Runtastic., an Austrian fitness technology company. Adidas revenues for 2018 amounted to 21.915 billion euros. ^[2]

90,090

€

€

Adidas AG

Before	Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik Shoe Factory (1924-1949)
Type	Aktiengesellschaft
	FWB: ADS component DAX
Industry	Textile, footwear
Founded	July 1924; 97 years ago (as Gebreder Dassler Schuchfabrik) August 18, 1949 ; 71 years ago (as Adidas) [1] A (1924-07) A (1949-08-18)
Founder	Adolf Dassler
Headquarters	, Germany
Serviced area	worldwide
Key people
Products	Clothes, footwear, sportswear, sports equipment, toiletries.
Income 90,092	â, ¬ 21.915Â billion (2018) [2]
	2.368 billion (2018) [2]
	1.702 billion (2018) [2]
Total assets 90,092	€ 15.612 billion (2018) [2]
Total capital 90 092	€ 6.364 billion (2018) [2]
Amount of workers	57 016 (2018) [2]
Subsidiaries
Website	adidas-group.com

The company was founded by Adolf Dassler in his mother’s house; he was joined by his older brother Rudolf in 1924 under the name Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik (“Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory”). Dassler has helped develop studded sneakers for a variety of sports. To improve the quality of the spiked athletic shoe, he switched from the previous heavy metal spike to the use of tarps and rubber. Dassler convinced American sprinter Jesse Owens to use his handmade cleats at the 1936 Summer Olympics.In 1949, after breaking up relations between the brothers, Adolf created Adidas, and Rudolph founded Puma, which became a business rival of Adidas. ^[1]

These three stripes represent Adidas’ identity, being used on the company’s apparel and footwear designs as a marketing aid. The brand, which Adidas bought in 1952 from the Finnish sports company Karhu Sports for the equivalent of 1,600 euros and two bottles of whiskey ^{[6] [7],} became so successful that Dassler called Adidas “the company with three stripes.” ^{[8] [6] [9]}

History

First days

The company was founded by Adolf “Adi” Dassler, who made sports shoes in his mother’s dishwasher or laundry in Herzogenaurach, Germany, after his return from World War I. In July 1924, his older brother Rudolf joined the business that became the Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory ( Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik ). ^[10] The power supply in Herzogenaurach was unreliable, so the brothers sometimes had to use exercise bike pedals to operate their equipment. ^[11]

Dassler helped develop studded sneakers for various sports. To improve the quality of the spiked athletic shoe, he switched from the previous heavy metal spike to the use of tarps and rubber. ^[12] In 1936, Dassler convinced American sprinter Jesse Owens to use his hand cleats at the 1936 Summer Olympics.After Owens’ four gold medals, the name and reputation of Dassler shoes became known to athletes around the world and their coaches. The business was successful, and before World War II, the Dasslers were selling 200,000 pairs of shoes every year. ^[13]

Both Dassler brothers joined the NSDAP in May 1933 and also became members of the National Socialist Motor Corps. ^[14] In addition, Adolf held the rank of Sportwart in the Hitler Youth from 1935 until the end of the war. ^[15] During the war, the company operated the last sports shoe factory in the country and mainly supplied shoes to the Wehrmacht. In 1943, the production of footwear was forced to cease operations, and the production facilities and workforce of the company were used for the production of anti-tank weapons. From 1942 to 1945, at least nine forced laborers worked at both enterprises of the company. ^[16]

The Dassler plant, used to manufacture anti-tank weapons during World War II, was nearly destroyed in 1945 by American forces, but was spared when Adolf Dassler’s wife convinced the soldiers that the company and its employees were only interested in making sports shoes…. The American occupying forces subsequently became the main buyers of the Dassler brothers’ shoes. ^[17]

Split and rivalry with Puma

The brothers parted in 1947 after the breakup of relations between them ^[18], when Rudolph formed a new firm, which he named Ruda – from Rudolf Dassler, who later renamed Puma, and Adolph formed the company officially registered as Adidas AG from Adi. Dassler on August 18, 1949.Urban myth unveiled the backronym “ All day I dream of sports” . ^[1]

Following the separation, Puma SE and Adidas entered into a fierce and fierce business rivalry. Indeed, the city of Herzogenaurach was divided over this issue, leading to the nickname “the city with curled necks” – people looked down to see what kind of shoes strangers were wearing. ^[19] Even the city’s two football clubs split up: ASV Herzogenaurach supported Adidas, and 1 FC Herzogenaurach supported Rudolph’s shoes. ^[11] When handymen were summoned to Rudolph, they deliberately wore Adidas shoes. Rudolph told them to go to the basement and grab a couple of free pumas. ^[11] The two brothers never reconciled, and although they are now buried in the same cemetery, they are located as far apart as possible. ^[20]

In 1948, in the first football game after World War II, several members of the West German national football team wore Puma boots, including the scorer of West Germany’s first post-war goal, Herbert Burdenski. Four years later, at the 1952 Summer Olympics, 1500m runner Josie Bartel from Luxembourg won the first Puma Olympic gold in Helsinki, Finland. ^{[ citation needed ]}

At the 1960 Summer Olympics, Puma paid German sprinter Armin Hari to wear Pumas in the 100m sprint finals. Harry used to wear Adidas and asked Adolf to pay, but Adidas declined the request. The German won gold at Pumas but then laced up Adidas for the awards ceremony, to the shock of the two Dassler brothers.Rare hoped to cash in on both, but Adi was so angry that he banned the Olympic champion. ^[13]

Corporate image

(left): original
adidas logo in the form of trefoil before 1997, now it is used in
heritage lines of Adidas Originals; (right): the current logo developed in 1990 for
line of equipment , then adopted as the corporate logo.

In 1952, following the 1952 Summer Olympics, Adidas acquired its signature three-stripe logo from the Finnish sports shoe brand Karhu Sports for two bottles of whiskey equivalent to 1,600 euros. ^{[7] [21]}

The Trefoil logo was designed in 1971 and launched in 1972 ^[22] in time for the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. ^[23] This logo lasted until 1997 when the company introduced the “three stripes” logo (which was designed by then-Creative Director Peter Moore), originally used in the Equipment product range. ^[22]

Tapi Case

After a period of trouble following the death of Adolf Dassler’s son Horst Dassler in 1987, the company was bought in 1989 by the French industrialist Bernard Tapie for £ 1.6 billion (now € 243.9 million), which Tapie borrowed. ^[24] Tapi was a renowned specialist in the rescue of bankrupt companies at the time, and he built his fortune on this experience.

Tapi decided to move production overseas to Asia.He also hired Madonna for a promotion. ^{[25] [ citation needed ]} He sent a shoe sales representative from Christchurch, New Zealand to Germany, where he met the descendants of Adolf Dassler (Amelia Randall Dassler and Bella Beck Dassler) and was sent back with several items to promote the company there.

In 1992, unable to pay the interest on the loan, Tapi instructed the bank Crédit Lyonnais to sell Adidas, ^[26] and the bank subsequently converted the outstanding debt into equity, which was unusual in terms of prevailing French banking practice…. The State Bank tried to get Tapi out of financial dire straits as a personal favor to Tapi, reportedly because Tapi was the French government minister for urban affairs (Ministre de la Ville) at the time.

Robert Louis-Dreyfus, a friend of Bernard Tapie, became the company’s new CEO in 1994. He was also president of Olympique de Marseille, a team that Tapi owned until 1993. ^[27] Tapi filed for bankruptcy in 1994. ^[26] He was the subject of several lawsuits, in particular related to match fixing at the football club. In 1997, he served 6 months of an 18-month prison sentence at La Sante prison in Paris. In February 2000, Crédit Lyonnais sold Adidas to Louis-Dreyfus for much more money than Tapi owed – 4.485 billion (683.514 million) francs instead of 2.85 billion (434.479 million euros). … They also deliberately bankrupted Tapi’s company, which owned Adidas, because only the company had the right to sue them.

Post-tapi era

In 1994 the main beneficiary was the children’s villages – SOS, united with the FIFA Youth Group.

In 1997, Adidas AG acquired the ski apparel specialist Salomon Group and its official name was changed to Adidas-Salomon AG. With this acquisition, Adidas also acquired Taylormade Golf and Maxfli, allowing them to compete with Nike Golf.

In 1998, Adidas sued the NCAA for its rules limiting the size and number of commercial logos on uniforms and teamwear.Adidas dropped the lawsuit and the two groups laid down rules as to which three-stripe design would count as using the Adidas trademark.

As CEO of Adidas, Louis-Dreyfus quadrupled revenue to € 5.84 billion ($ 7.5 billion) from 1993 to 2000. ^[28] In 2000, he announced that he would retire next year due to illness.

In 2003, Adidas filed a lawsuit in a British court challenging Fitness World Trading’s use of a two-stripe motif similar to Adidas’s three stripes.The court ruled that, despite the simplicity of the mark, the use of Fitness World infringes copyright, as the public could establish a link between such use and the Adidas trademark. ^[29]

In September 2004, leading British fashion designer Stella McCartney launched a joint venture line with Adidas, establishing a long-term partnership with the corporation. This line is a sports collection for women called “Adidas by Stella McCartney” ^[30], and it received critical acclaim. ^[31]

In addition, on May 3, 2005, Adidas announced to the public that they had sold their partner company Salomon Group for 485 million euros to the Finnish company Amer Sports. In August 2005, Adidas announced its intention to buy Reebok for $ 3.8 billion. This acquisition was completed by the January 2006 partnership at ^[1] , which meant that the company’s sales were closer to Nike’s North American sales. The Reebok acquisition also allowed Adidas to compete with Nike globally as the world’s number two athletic shoe manufacturer. ^[32]

Adidas has global headquarters in Germany and many other offices around the world such as Portland, Oregon, Hong Kong, Toronto, Taiwan, England, Japan, Australia and Spain.

In 2005, Adidas introduced the Adidas 1, the first ever production shoe to use a microprocessor. Called the “World’s First Smart Shoes” by the company, it is equipped with a microprocessor capable of 5 million calculations per second, which automatically adjusts the shoe’s cushioning level according to the environment.The shoe requires a small user-replaceable battery that lasts approximately 100 hours of use. On November 25, 2005, Adidas released a new version of the Adidas 1 with an increased cushioning range that allowed the shoe to be softer or stiffer, and a new engine with 153% more torque. ^[33]

On April 11, 2006, Adidas announced an 11-year agreement to become the Official Supplier of NBA Apparel. The company produces NBA, NBDL and WNBA jerseys and garments, as well as Superstar basketball shoes in team colors.This deal (worth more than $ 400 million) replaced the previous deal with Reebok in 2001 by 10 years.

In November 2011, Adidas announced the acquisition of the Five Ten outdoor sporting achievement brand as part of a share purchase agreement. The total purchase price at the close was $ 25 million in cash. ^[34]

By the end of 2012, Adidas was reporting the highest earnings on record and CEO Herbert Heiner was optimistic about the year ahead. ^[35]

In January 2015, Adidas launched the footwear industry’s first mobile ticket booking app. The Adidas Confirmed app allows consumers to access and reserve the brand’s limited edition sneakers using geo-targeting technology ^[36]

On March 24, 2015, Adidas and McDonald’s unveiled the 2015 All-American McDonald’s uniform. For the third year in a row, players will wear short-sleeved shirts made from the same lightweight and breathable material used in the NBA. ^[37]

In August 2015, Adidas acquired fitness technology company Runtastic for approximately $ 240 million. ^[38]

In May 2017, Adidas sold golf company TaylorMade (including Ashworth) to KPS Capital Partners for $ 425 million. ^[39]

Products

Clothes

Adidas sells a wide variety of clothing items, from men’s and women’s T-shirts, jackets, sweatshirts, trousers and leggings. ^[40]

The first Adidas garment was the Franz Beckenbauer tracksuit, created in 1967. ^[1] Adidas AG is the largest sports bra manufacturer in Europe and the second largest manufacturer in the world. ^[41]

Sportswear

One of the main activities of Adidas has always been football kits and related equipment. Adidas remains the leading supplier of kits for football teams and international association clubs.

Adidas manufactures referee kits that are used in international competitions in many countries and leagues around the world. The company was a pioneer in the field of athletic footwear, and notable examples include the Copa Mundial molded boot launched in 1979, which was used for matches on hard, dry pitches. It received the title of the best selling boot of all time. The soft-ground equivalent is called the World Cup and remains on the market as well.

Since 1970, FIFA, the world’s governing body for football, has ordered specially designed soccer balls for use in its own World Cup tournaments.The Adidas Telstar was first ordered for the 1970 FIFA World Cup Balls supplied for the 2006 FIFA World Cup Teamgeist are particularly noteworthy for their ability to travel farther than previous types when hitting, resulting in a longer target range. Goalkeepers were thought to be less comfortable with the design of the ball, arguing that it was prone to large and unpredictable movements in flight. ^[42]

Adidas introduced Jabulani at the 2010 World Cup.The ball was designed and developed by Loughborough University in cooperation with Bayern Munich. The Adidas Brazuca for the 2014 FIFA World Cup became the first World Cup ball named by the fans. ^[43]

Adidas is one of the official sponsors of the UEFA Champions League and Adidas Finale is the official competition ball. ^[44] Along with the aforementioned Adidas Predator boots, Adidas manufactures the adiPure line of football boots. Adidas has named the official match of the UEFA Euro 2016 ball tournament by the Adidas Beau Jeu, which translates to “The Beautiful Game” in English. ^[45] Adidas provides clothing and equipment for all Major League Soccer teams.

Baseball

Adidas has also provided baseball equipment and sponsors numerous Nippon Major League Baseball and Professional Baseball players in Japan.

Adidas Baseball products are sold under license from Dick’s Sporting Goods. ^[46]

From 1997 to 2008, Adidas sponsored the New York Yankees. ^[47]

Basketball

The Adidas Superstar and Pro Model sneakers, affectionately known as “shells” for their stylized hard rubber sill, have inspired trainers such as UCLA’s John Wooden, among others. ^[48] By the mid-1970s, Adidas leveled off Converse in basketball, before both began to lag behind upstart Nike in the early 1980s. ^[49] Subsequently, the Adidas Superstar became very popular in the street hip-hop scene of the 1980s alongside Adidas striped polyester suits. ^{[ Quote Required ]}

From 2006 to 2017, Adidas was a uniform supplier for all 30 National Basketball Association teams, replacing the Reebok brand after Adidas acquired Reebok. Adidas was replaced by Nike as the league’s official uniform supplier after the 2016–17 season. ^[50]

Cricket

Adidas began manufacturing cricket shoes in the mid-1970s and their original target market was Australia.Their footwear was radically different from traditional leather cricket boots, which had remained largely unchanged for decades: they were lighter and more flexible, but provided less toe protection, so it was not uncommon to see batsmen hitting the ball in their feet. jumping in pain. Continuing the production of cricket shoes for many years, in 2006 the company finally entered the racquet market in 2008 and currently the range includes the Pellara, Incurza, Libro and M-Blaster models.

In the 1990s, Adidas signed superstar Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar and made shoes for him. ^[51] From 2008 until his retirement, Adidas sponsored the cricket bat used by Tendulkar. The new Adidas MasterBlaster Elite bat was created for him.

In 2008, Adidas took a concerted move into the English cricket market by sponsoring English batting star Kevin Petersen after terminating his life-long contract with Woodworm when they faced financial difficulties. ^[52] The following year they signed friendly England player Ian Bell, Pakistan opening batsman Salman Butt and Indian player Ravindra Jadeji.

In the Indian Premier League (IPL), Adidas sponsored the Mumbai Indians from 2008 to 2014 and the Delhi Daredevils from 2008 to 2013. ^[53] They were official sponsors of Pune Warriors India in 2011 and 2012, but the team was banned from playing. IPL due to payment issues. For the 2015 season, Adidas sponsored the Royal Challengers Bangalore.

Golf

Adidas Golf manufactures golf apparel, footwear and accessories. Clothing for men and women includes shoes, shirts, shorts, trousers, outerwear (windbreakers), base coat and glasses. ^[54]

Gymnastics

From 2000 to 2012, Adidas supplied men’s and women’s gymnastics clothing to the US national team through USA Gymnastics. US gymnastics and Adidas sponsorship ended in late 2012.In 2006, Adidas gymnastics leotards for women and men’s sports shirts, gymnastics pants, and gymnastic shorts with seasonal leotards were available in the United States for Spring, Summer, Fall, and Holidays. Previously, Adidas partnered with GK Elite, and since Spring 2013, Adidas gymnastics products have become available worldwide through Elegant Sports. US Olympic team members McKayla Maroney, Jordin Wieber, Jake Dalton and Danell Leyva are sponsored by Adidas artistic gymnastics.

Hockey

Adidas has been supplying the kit for the National Hockey League from the 2017-18 season, replacing Reebok. ^[55]

Lacrosse

In 2007, Adidas announced their move to lacrosse equipment and also sponsored the Adidas National Lacrosse Classic in July 2008 for the top 600 junior high school players in the United States. ^[56] The company has grown into its own brand such as Adidas Lacrosse, receiving several scholarships, Bucknell (men and women), Bryant (men), Delaware (men and women), New Jersey Institute of Technology (men), and a powerhouse D3 Lynchburg (men and women in the fall of 2016 with only soft clothes) “.Adidas provided jerseys, shorts, footwear, bootlegs, heads, gloves and body armor ^[57].

Sports products are golf clubs, gloves, protective equipment and footwear. ^[58]

Run

Adidas currently produces several running and casual shoes, including the Energy-boost and the spring-bladed trainers. ^{[ needs updating ]} I The brand has built a strong network of runners in major European capitals such as the Paris Boost Energy League.The third season started in 2016. In Paris, the Boost Energy League brings together 11 teams representing different districts of Paris. ^[59]

In September 2016, Adidas introduced two new NMD R1 colors and one new NMD XR1 color option. ^[60] The Adidas EQT is the style of running shoes from Adidas. It originated in the early 90s and was relaunched in 2017. The latest adidas EQT lineup, released in the Turo Red package on January 26, 2017, included adidas EQT Support 93/17, EQT Support ADV and EQT Support Ultra…. adidas.com is one of the few online stores.

In November 2016, Adidas introduced ocean plastic sneakers. The shoes are made of fabric called “Biostal”. This shoe is called “Adidas Futurecraft Biofabric”. The material used is 15% lighter than conventional silk fibers and is 100% biodegradable. Shoes only begin to dissolve when they come into contact with a high concentration of the enzyme proteinase digestion, which occurs naturally.Once this happens, the shoe can decompose within 36 hours. The shoes were never released. ^[61]

Skateboarding

Adidas Skateboarding manufactures shoes specifically designed for skateboarding, including redesigned skateboarding designs from previous skateboarding models. The brand also produces branded models designed by the team riders. ^[62]

Tennis

Adidas has been developing tennis equipment since the mid-1960s and has historically sponsored many top tennis players, starting with the two most dominant male tennis players in the early professional era in the late 1960s, Stan Smith and Ilie Nastase. During the 1980s and 1990s, they not only sponsored the world’s number one men’s tennis players Ivan Lendl and Stefan Edberg’s exclusive clothing and footwear, and Steffi Graf’s number one women’s tennis player, but each player had their own exclusive graphic styles. designed for use while playing. play, which in turn were sold to the general public. Ivan Lendl has even spent most of his dominant career playing with several different Adidas tennis rackets, most notably using the legendary Adidas GTX-Pro and then the Adidas GTX Pro-T.The company recently introduced a new line of tennis rackets. While Feather is for the “casual player” and Response is for the “club player,” Adidas is targeting the “tournament player” with a 12.2-ounce Barricade tour model. ^[63]

Kabaddi

Adidas introduced Kabaddi, which is still not an Olympic sport but is very popular in the Indian Subcontinent and Asia. In 2014, with the launch of the Pro Kabaddi League, India’s urban franchise league, Kabaddi conquered the region. In 2015, they contacted the U Mumba franchise from Mumbai. ^[64]

“The association of kabaddi and adidas is a prime example of the sport’s growth over the past two years,” said U Sports CEO Supratik Sen.

Accessories

Adidas also designs and manufactures Slide-Style Sandals, Mobile Accessories, ^[65] Watches, Eyewear, Bags, Baseball Caps and Socks. In addition, Adidas offers a wide range of men’s and women’s deodorants, perfumes, aftershave and lotions.

Adidas announced that they will be launching a new $ 199 Fit Smart bracelet in mid-August 2014. The bracelet will be paired with the Adidas miCoach app, which acts as a personal trainer. ^[66]

Adiletta

The

Adilette was the first pair of Adidas sandals originally designed in 1963. ^[1] Adidas claims that Adi Dassler was approached by a group of athletes with a request to make shoes for the dressing room. To this day, the received sandals are a bestseller. ^[67] Since the original navy blue and white Adilette sandals were created nearly fifty years ago, more varieties of sandals have been created in different colors (black, red, green, gray, orange, brown, yellow, pink, gold, silver). Most recently, Adidas introduced a color scheme that matches the Predator and adizero lines; the circuit is duplicated with a warning (orange) and purple. Usually three stripes of a contrasting color appear on the strap of classic models.The most common Adilette livery is dark blue or black mixed with white colors. Also, the Woodilette and Trefoil models have a similar design, but without the bands on the strap. ^{[ citation needed ]}

The

features a contoured orthopedic rubber outsole with a synthetic upper and was designed as a sports slide, but the adilette quickly found applications outside the sports world. ^{[ citation needed ]}

Santiosage

Santiossage is a slide-style sandal. The sandals have three signature stripes on the Velcro strap towards the front of the shoe. Santiossage comes in black, dark blue, or red. On the side of the shoe, towards the heel on both sides, the name of the manufacturer is displayed, as well as a round emblem on the heel of the insole. Notably, there are tiny see-through massage bumps all over the sole to massage the feet after exercising, although the sandals are worn casually among non-athletes. Three Adidas stripes are visible through these sheer tabs. ^{[ citation needed ]}

Adissage

Adissage are also sandals – sliders . Available in black, navy, light blue, black with pink and more, the sandals feature three signature stripes with a Velcro strap that runs towards the front of the shoe. On the side of the shoe, towards the heel on both sides, the name of the manufacturer is displayed, as well as a round emblem on the heel of the insole.Like the Santiossage , it features tiny black massage lugs all over the sole to relieve foot pain after exercise, although it is also popular as an everyday sandal among non-athletes. ^{[ citation needed ]}

Marketing

In the mid to late 1990s, Adidas split the brand into three main groups, each with a specific focus: Adidas Performance was designed to maintain their athlete loyalty; Adidas Originals was designed to focus on the brand’s earlier design, which remained a popular lifestyle icon; and Style Basics on the fashion market; The main group in this group is Y-3 (which is the result of a collaboration between Adidas and renowned Japanese fashion designer Yohji Yamamoto – Y represents Yamamoto and 3 represents Adidas’ three stripes).

Launched in 2004, the campaign Impossible is Nothing is one of the company’s most memorable campaigns. ^[1] The campaign was developed by 180 / TBWA based in Amsterdam, but TBWA \ Chiat \ Day in San Francisco has also done significant work. ^[68] Several years later, Adidas launched a special basketball campaign “ Believe in 5ive ” for the 2006-2007 NBA season. ^[69]

In 2011, “Adidas does its best” became the watchword of Adidas’s global marketing strategy.The slogan aimed to tie all brands and labels together, presenting a unified image to consumers interested in sports, fashion, street, music and pop culture. There seems to be a connection with the phrase “all-in” meaning “exhausted” in some English-speaking countries.

In 2015, Adidas launched “ Building the New ” as its new strategic business plan for 2020. ^[70] of this plan has three strategic options: speed, cities, and open source. ^[70]

Marketing in India

India has been a very speculative market for Adidas. ^{[ why? ]} Despite this, Dave Thomas, Managing Director of Adidas India, is ambitious about the country’s potential. ^[71] The company hopes to double its income from Rs. Rs 805 crore by 2020. ^[71] In 2015, the company signed Ranveer Singh, a famous Bollywood actor, as the brand ambassador for the company’s products. ^[72] Ranveer was an aspiring actor at the time. The company later decided to use people’s almost religious worship of the cricket game to promote its brand. He soon launched a new cricket campaign in the country. ^[73] The campaign was called FeelLoveUseHate featuring the famous Indian cricketer Virat Kohli. ^[74] However, in 2017, Virat Kohli was removed from his position as a representative of the company’s brand. ^[75] The cricketer later signed a major agreement with Puma India. ^[76] The company also sells its products online through e-commerce sites such as Myntra, Snapdeal, Jabong, and Amazon. Adidas also has an Indian audience website that markets and sells products to consumers in India. ^[77]

Game advertising

The brand is featured in several games including Commodore Amiga: Daley Thompson’s Olympic Challenge , Sony PlayStation: Adidas power soccer and Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC: Adidas Championship Football .

Cooperation

Adidas has collaborated with renowned designers on several occasions, including Jeremy Scott, Alexander Wang and Raf Simons. They also reached out to several celebrities such as Beyoncé, Kanye West, Pharrell Williams and Stan Smith to create some of the company’s most notable and coveted pieces. ^[78]

Adidas has many major deals with football clubs around the world, including their main sponsor Bayern Munich ^[79] and other clubs listed in the footnote above.In addition, their sponsored national teams include Germany, Spain, Mexico, Argentina, Sweden, Japan and Russia.

Adidas sponsors numerous players including Lionel Messi, Zinedine Zidane, Kaká, David Beckham, Stephen Gerrard, Gareth Bale, Thomas Muller, Xavi, Mesut A-ZIL, James Rodr Rod-guez, Iker Casillas, Pogbaen Robben , Dele Alli, Luis Suarez, Ivan Rakitia, Diego Costa, Mohamed Salah, Roberto Firmino, Paulo Dybala, Mats Hummels and Manuel Neuer. ^{[80] [81] [82] [83]}

Adidas is one of the official sponsors of the UEFA Champions League and Adidas Finale is the official competition ball. ^[44] Along with the Adidas Predator, Adidas produces the adiPure line of football boots. Adidas provides clothing and equipment for all Major Football League (MLS) teams.

In July 2014, Adidas and Manchester United signed an equipment agreement for ten years, starting with the 2015-16 Premier League season.The guaranteed minimum value of this deal is £ 750 million (US $ 1.29 billion), making it the most valuable sports apparel deal and replacing rival Nike as the club’s global equipment partner. ^[84]

In November 2009, the number 4 tennis player in the world Andy Murray was confirmed as the highest paid Adidas star with a five-year contract worth $ 24.5 million. ^[85] In Cincinnati, at the Mason ATP tennis tournament, they also sponsored the boys ‘and girls’ uniforms. Adidas is also a partner of Malibu Tennis Camp, Green Fitness GmbH and Schöler & Micke Sportartikel Vertriebs GmbH. ^[86]

Adidas has sponsored numerous basketball players past and present such as Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Tracey McGrady, as well as Chauncey Billups, Derrick Rose, Brandon Knight, Eric Gordon, Josh Smith, Damian Lillard, Andrew Wiggins, Tim Duncan, Jeremy Lin, Eeremy Lin …, John Wall and Nick Young. Adidas supported Kobe Bryant with the Adidas Equipment KB8 as his first signature shoe until July 2002. ^[87] The company also supported Kevin Garnett until he canceled his contract in 2010. ^[88] Gilbert Arenas supported Adidas until 2010 ^{[ 87]. 89]} In August 2015, James Harden left Nike and joined Adidas, signing a 13-year, $ 200 million contract. ^[90]

In rugby, Adidas is the current kit supplier for the All Blacks, the French national team, the Italian rugby team and the South African stormtroopers and the Western Provincial rugby team among others. Adidas is also a sponsor of New Zealand Rugby Union and supplies clothing for all Super Rugby franchises, selected national teams and national referees. Adidas is also the Official Ball Supplier for the Heineken Cup matches. Adidas was a clothing supplier for the British and Irish Lions from 1997 to 2013.They are the manufacturer of the jersey for the Gold Coast Titans Rugby League of the Australian National Rugby League. Sonny Bill Williams – Adidas International Rugby and International League Ambassador and former boxer.

Adidas has provided field hockey equipment and sponsors many players from Germany, England, the Netherlands, Australia, Spain and Belgium. The company has been a supplier of clothing for Argentina’s women’s and men’s teams for over 15 years. ^[91] The company also sponsored Reading Clubs, ^[92] Beeston ^[93] and East Grinstead. ^[94]

In ice hockey, Adidas has signed an agreement with the National Hockey League (NHL) to become an official supplier of uniforms and licensed apparel, starting in the 2017-18 season. Adidas will replace its subsidiary Reebok as the official supplier. ^[95]

Adidas cricket sponsors include cricketers Lasit Malinga, Kieron Pollard, Duane Bravo and C.L. Rahul. Adidas sponsors volleyball player Ivan Zaitsev.Volleyball player Erwin N’Gapet is touted as a model and brand ambassador for Adidas. ^{[96] [97]}

Rivalry

In 2016, he filed lawsuits against Skechers, one for duplicating Stan Smith’s designs and the other for Adidas replicas such as the Springblade. ^[98]

Corporate Information

Acting executive board

• General Manager: Kasper Rörsted
• CFO: Harm Olmeyer
• Global Brands: Eric Liedtke
• Global Operations: Gil Steyart
• Global Sales: Roland Aushel

Former management

Financial information

Financial data in millions of euros
^{[99] [100] [2]}

Year	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
Sales	10 084	10 299	10 799	10 381	11 990	14 492	15. 534	16 915	19 291	21 218	21 915	23 640
EBITDA	1.078	1.165	1.280	780	1.159	1 202	883	1.039	1.491	2 070	2368	2 660
Net income	483	551	642	245	567	787	490	634	1.017	1.097	1.702	1 976
Net debt	2. 231	1.766	2 189	917	221

Criticism

Adidas’ business practices / ethics and commitment to employee welfare are scrutinized and often criticized. ^{[101] [102]}

Pricing Dispute for 2011 Replica All Blacks Rugby League

Unhappy with the local price of a replica of the Adidas All Blacks, New Zealand All Blacks fans asked for a lower price and started buying the shirt from overseas sellers after it was reported that the local price of NZ $ 220 was more than double the price. offered on some sites. ^[103]

Adidas responded by enforcing international agreements to prevent overseas retailers from selling products to New Zealanders.Leading New Zealand PR firms and consumer protection groups called it a public relations failure. New Zealand’s largest sportswear retailer Rebel Sport has said it is unhappy and is considering selling the All Blacks T-shirts to the public at below cost.

Sneakers 2012 with suspension

On June 14, 2012, Adidas posted on its Facebook page a photo of a pair of shoes designed by Jeremy Scott containing shackles.The photo showed a planned line of shoes that Adidas intended to release in July. The photo quickly sparked controversy, including a photo of Jesse Jackson, who was quoted as saying, “Trying to commercialize and popularize more than 200 years of human degradation, when black people were considered three-fifths under our Constitution, is insulting, horrible and insensitive.” ^[104] Jackson threatened to boycott, and on one occasion, NBA Commissioner David Stern was reportedly contacted in the hope that he would intervene. ^[104] The company canceled the product shortly after the protest. ^[104]

Sweatshops and labor violations

Adidas has been criticized for having sweatshops, especially in Indonesia. Between 2006 and 2007, Adidas rejected many of its suppliers who supported unions in favor of subcontractors with the worst labor rights performance. ^[105] By outsourcing the work to different suppliers, Adidas has a harder time enforcing the company’s labor standards.Adidas’ policy includes freedom for workers to engage in collective bargaining and a policy of not retaliating against workers who express concerns. ^{[ when? ] [106]} In practice, however, many Adidas suppliers do not meet these standards. At the Panarub factory in Java, 33 workers were laid off after a strike demanding higher wages in 2005. ^[107] PT Kizone is another Indonesian factory where Adidas has been criticized for treating workers.They made products for Adidas, as well as Nike and the Dallas Cowboys, until they closed in January 2011. 2,686 laid-off workers must be paid $ 3 million in severance pay and benefits. Nike contributed $ 1.5 million, but Adidas took no action. United Students Against Sweatshops has launched a campaign urging universities to cut contracts with Adidas. ^[108] On July 16, 2012, War on Want organized activists in London to replace Adidas’ price tags in sports stores with 34p, ^[109] referring to the low hourly wages of Indonesian workers manufacturing Adidas goods. ^[110] The Labor Behind the Label campaign group stated that the base salary for Indonesian workers at Adidas was only £ 10 a week. William Anderson, head of social and environmental affairs for Asia Pacific, posted a blog entry for the company arguing that total wages, including bonuses and overtime, were often double hourly wages and drew attention to purchasing power parity. ^[111]

In April 2014, one of the largest strikes in mainland China occurred at the Yue Yuen Industrial Holdings shoe factory in Dongguan, which also manufactures for Adidas. ^[112]

Soviet-themed items and advertising

In 2018, Adidas promoted a line of Soviet-themed goods. After an outrage on social media, they were taken off the market. ^[113]

NCAA Corruption Scandal

Adidas CEO James Gatto was indicted for the 2017 NCAA Division I men’s basketball corruption scandal. ^{[114] [115] [116]}

Diversity disputes

In June 2020, Adidas’s head of human resources voluntarily resigned after black employees raised concerns about her inability to combat racism and discrimination in the workplace. ^[117] The former HR manager also commented that racism is “noise,” in addition to not considering the diversity of the workforce. ^[118] Following her resignation, she issued a statement saying that she supported the company’s continued advance towards racial justice and apologized. ^{a b c d e 908 9008 f 9008} “History of the Adidas Group”. ^{B s d e e g 9008 9009 9008 9008
Adidas Annual Report 2018 (PDF).}
“George Floyd: Adidas HR Leader Quits Because of Racism.” July 1, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2020.

Other sources

External Links

Adidas – adidas – abcdef.wiki

German multinational corporation

90,090

Adidas AG ( German: [ˈʔadiˌdas]; styled as adidas since 1949) is a German multinational corporation founded and headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Germany, which designs and manufactures footwear, clothing and accessories. It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe and the second largest in the world after Nike. It is the holding company of the Adidas Group, which consists of the sportswear company Reebok, 8.33% of the German football club Bayern München and Runtastic, an Austrian fitness technology company.Adidas revenues for 2018 amounted to 21.915 billion euros.

The company was founded by Adolf Dassler in his mother’s house; he was joined by his older brother Rudolf in 1924 under the name Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik (“Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory”). Dassler has been involved in the development of spiked sneakers for a variety of sports. To improve the quality of the spiked athletic shoe, he switched from the previous heavy metal spike to the use of tarps and rubber.Dassler convinced American sprinter Jesse Owens to use his handmade cleats at the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1949, after breaking up relations between the brothers, Adolf created Adidas, and Rudolph founded Puma, which became a business rival of Adidas.

These three stripes represent Adidas’ identity, being used on the company’s apparel and footwear designs as a marketing aid. The brand, which Adidas bought in 1952 from the Finnish sports company Karhu Sports for the equivalent of 1,600 euros and two bottles of whiskey, became so successful that Dassler called Adidas “a company with three stripes.”

History

First days

The company was founded by Adolf “Adi” Dassler, who produced sports shoes in his mother’s buffet or laundry in Herzogenaurach, Germany, after his return from World War I. In July 1924 his older brother Rudolph joined the business which became the Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory ( Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik ). The power supply in Herzogenaurach was unreliable, so the brothers sometimes had to use exercise bike pedals to control their equipment.

Dassler helped develop studded sneakers for various sports. To improve the quality of the spiked athletic shoe, he switched from the previous heavy metal spike to the use of tarps and rubber. In 1936, Dassler convinced American sprinter Jesse Owens to use his hand cleats at the 1936 Summer Olympics. After Owens’ four gold medals, the name and reputation of Dassler shoes became known to athletes around the world and their coaches. The business was successful, and before World War II, the Dasslers were selling 200,000 pairs of shoes every year.

Both Dassler brothers joined the NSDAP in May 1933 and also became members of the National Socialist Motor Corps. In addition, Adolf held the rank of Sportwart in the Hitler Youth from 1935 until the end of the war. During the war, the company operated the last sports shoe factory in the country and mainly supplied shoes to the Wehrmacht. In 1943, the production of footwear was forced to cease operations, and the production facilities and workforce of the company were used for the production of anti-tank weapons.From 1942 to 1945, at least nine forced laborers worked at both enterprises of the company.

The Dassler plant, used to manufacture anti-tank weapons during World War II, was nearly destroyed in 1945 by American forces, but was saved when Adolf Dassler’s wife convinced the soldiers that the company and its employees were only interested in making sports shoes. … The American occupying forces subsequently became the main buyers of the Dassler brothers’ shoes.

Split and rivalry with Puma

The brothers parted in 1947 after the breakup of relations between them, and Rudolph formed a new firm, which he named Ruda, from Rudolf Dassler, later renamed Puma, and Adolph formed the company officially registered as Adidas AG with Adi Dassler on August 18, 1949. … urban myth unveiled backronyet all day I dream of sports .

Following the split, Puma SE and Adidas entered a fierce and fierce business rivalry.Indeed, the city of Herzogenaurach was divided over this issue, leading to the nickname “the city of curved necks” – people looked down to see what kind of shoes strangers were wearing. Even the two city football clubs split up: ASV Herzogenaurach supported Adidas, and 1 FC Herzogenaurach supported Rudolph’s shoes. When handymen were summoned to Rudolph, they deliberately wore Adidas shoes. Rudolph told them to go to the basement and grab a couple of free pumas. The two brothers never reconciled, and although they are now buried in the same cemetery, they are located as far apart as possible.

In 1948, in the first football game after World War II, several members of the West German national football team wore Puma boots, including the scorer of West Germany’s first post-war goal, Herbert Burdenski. Four years later, at the 1952 Summer Olympics, 1500m runner Josie Bartel from Luxembourg won the first Puma Olympic gold in Helsinki, Finland.

At the 1960 Summer Olympics, Puma paid German sprinter Armin Hari to wear Pumas in the 100m sprint finals.Harry used to wear Adidas and asked Adolf to pay, but Adidas declined the request. The German won gold at Pumas but then laced up Adidas for the awards ceremony, to the shock of the two Dassler brothers. Rare hoped to cash in on both, but Adi was so angry that he banned the Olympic champion.

Corporate image

(left): original Adidas logo trefoil before 1997, now used in the Adidas Originals heritage line; (right): the current logo developed in 1990 for the line of equipment , then adopted as the corporate logo.

In 1952, following the 1952 Summer Olympics, Adidas acquired its signature three-stripe logo from the Finnish sports shoe brand Karhu Sports for two bottles of whiskey equivalent to 1,600 euros.

The Trefoil logo was designed in 1971 and launched in 1972, in time for the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. This logo lasted until 1997, when the company introduced the “three stripes” logo (which was designed by then-Creative Director Peter Moore), originally used on the Equipment product range.

Tapi Case

Bernard Tapie, a former French businessman who once owned Adidas but has since relinquished control of the company due to debt

After a period of trouble following the death of Adolf Dassler’s son Horst Dassler in 1987, the company was bought in 1989 by the French industrialist Bernard Tapie for £ 1.6 billion (now € 243.9 million), which Tapie borrowed. Tapi at the time was a renowned specialist in the rescue of bankrupt companies, on this experience he built his fortune.

Tapi decided to move production overseas to Asia. He also hired Madonna for a promotion. He dispatched a sales representative from Christchurch, New Zealand to Germany, where he met the descendants of Adolf Dassler (Amelia Randall Dassler and Bella Beck Dassler) and was sent back with several items to promote the company there.

In 1992, unable to pay the interest on the loan, Tapi instructed the bank Crédit Lyonnais to sell Adidas, and the bank subsequently converted the outstanding debt into equity, which was unusual in the prevailing French banking practice.The State Bank tried to get Tapi out of financial dire straits as a personal favor to Tapi, reportedly because Tapi was the French government minister for urban affairs (Ministre de la Ville) at the time.

Robert Louis-Dreyfus, a friend of Bernard Tapie, became the company’s new CEO in 1994. He was also president of Olympique de Marseille, a team that Tapi owned until 1993. Tapi filed for personal bankruptcy in 1994. the subject of several lawsuits, in particular those related to match-fixing at a football club.In 1997, he served 6 months of an 18-month prison sentence at La Sante Prison in Paris. In February 2000, Crédit Lyonnais sold Adidas to Louis-Dreyfus for much more money than Tapi owed – 4.485 billion (683.514 million euros) instead of 2.85 billion (434.479 million euros). They also deliberately bankrupted Tapi’s company, which owned Adidas, because only the company had the right to sue them.

Post-tapi era

In 1994 the main beneficiary was the children’s villages – SOS, united with the FIFA Youth Group.

In 1997, Adidas AG acquired the ski apparel specialist Salomon Group and its official name was changed to Adidas-Salomon AG. With this acquisition, Adidas also acquired Taylormade Golf and Maxfli, allowing them to compete with Nike Golf.

In 1998, Adidas sued the NCAA for its rules limiting the size and number of commercial logos on uniforms and teamwear. Adidas dropped the lawsuit and the two groups laid down rules as to which three-stripe design would count as using the Adidas trademark.

As CEO of Adidas, Louis-Dreyfus quadrupled revenue to € 5.84 billion ($ 7.5 billion) from 1993 to 2000. In 2000, he announced that he would retire next year due to illness.

In 2003, Adidas filed a lawsuit in a British court challenging Fitness World Trading’s use of a two-stripe motif similar to Adidas’s three stripes. The court ruled that, despite the simplicity of the mark, the use of Fitness World infringes copyright, as the public could establish a link between such use and the Adidas trademark.

In September 2004, leading British fashion designer Stella McCartney launched a joint venture line with Adidas, establishing a long-term partnership with the corporation. This line is a critically acclaimed sportswear collection for women called “Adidas by Stella McCartney”.

In addition, on 3 May 2005, Adidas announced to the public that they had sold their partner company Salomon Group for 485 million euros to Finnish Amer Sports. In August 2005, Adidas announced its intention to buy Reebok for $ 3.8 billion (US $).The takeover was completed by the partnership in January 2006 and meant that the company’s sales were closer to Nike’s North American sales. The Reebok acquisition also allowed Adidas to compete with Nike globally as the world’s number two athletic shoe manufacturer.

Adidas has global headquarters in Germany and many other offices around the world such as Portland, Oregon, Hong Kong, Toronto, Taiwan, England, Japan, Australia and Spain.

Adidas has long been a popular maker of Astro Turf soccer shoes – here’s a recent pair that was a popular choice.

In 2005, Adidas introduced the Adidas 1, the first ever production shoe to use a microprocessor. Called the “World’s First Smart Shoes” by the company, it is equipped with a microprocessor capable of 5 million calculations per second, which automatically adjusts the shoe’s cushioning level according to the environment. The shoe requires a small user-replaceable battery that lasts approximately 100 hours of use. On November 25, 2005, Adidas released a new version of the Adidas 1 with an increased cushioning range that allowed the shoe to be softer or stiffer, and a new engine with 153% more torque.

On April 11, 2006, Adidas announced an 11-year agreement to become the Official Apparel Supplier for the NBA. The company produces NBA, NBDL and WNBA jerseys and garments, as well as Superstar basketball shoes in team colors. This deal (worth more than $ 400 million) replaced the previous deal with Reebok in 2001 by 10 years.

In November 2011, Adidas announced the acquisition of the Five Ten outdoor sporting achievement brand as part of a share purchase agreement.The total purchase price at the close was $ 25 million in cash.

By the end of 2012, Adidas was reporting the highest earnings on record and CEO Herbert Heiner was optimistic about the year ahead.

In January 2015, Adidas launched the footwear industry’s first mobile ticket booking app. The Adidas Confirmed app allows consumers to access and reserve limited edition sneakers using geo-targeting technology.

On March 24, 2015, Adidas and McDonald’s unveiled the 2015 All-American McDonald’s uniform. For the third year in a row, players will wear short-sleeved shirts made from the same lightweight and breathable material used in the NBA.

In August 2015, Adidas acquired fitness technology company Runtastic for approximately $ 240 million.

In May 2017, Adidas sold golf company TaylorMade (including Ashworth) to KPS Capital Partners for $ 425 million.

Products

Clothes

Adidas sells a wide variety of clothing items, from men’s and women’s T-shirts, jackets, sweatshirts, trousers and leggings.

The first Adidas garment was the Franz Beckenbauer tracksuit, created in 1967. Adidas AG is the largest sports bra manufacturer in Europe and the second largest manufacturer in the world.

Sportswear

One of the main activities of Adidas has always been football kits and related equipment.Adidas remains the leading supplier of kits for football teams and international association clubs.

Adidas manufactures referee kits that are used in international competitions in many countries and leagues around the world. The company is a trailblazer in athletic footwear, with the Copa Mundial molded boot launched in 1979 for matches on hard, dry pitches. It received the title of the best selling boot of all time.The soft-ground equivalent is called the World Cup and remains on the market as well.

Since 1970, FIFA, the world’s governing body for football, has ordered specially designed soccer balls for use in its own World Cup tournaments. The Adidas Telstar was first ordered for the 1970 FIFA World Cup Balls supplied for the 2006 FIFA World Cup Teamgeist are particularly noteworthy for their ability to travel farther than previous types when hitting, resulting in a longer target range.Goalkeepers were thought to be less comfortable with the design of the ball, arguing that it was prone to large and unpredictable movements in flight.

Adidas introduced Jabulani at the 2010 World Cup. The ball was designed and developed by Loughborough University in cooperation with Bayern Munich. The Adidas Brazuca for the 2014 FIFA World Cup became the first World Cup ball named by the fans.

Adidas is one of the official sponsors of the UEFA Champions League and Adidas Finale is the official competition ball.Along with the aforementioned Adidas Predator boots, Adidas produces the adiPure line of football boots. Adidas has named the official match of the UEFA Euro 2016 ball tournament by the Adidas Beau Jeu, which translates to “The Beautiful Game” in English. Adidas provides clothing and equipment for all Major League Soccer teams.

Baseball

Adidas has also provided baseball equipment and sponsors numerous Nippon Major League Baseball and Professional Baseball players in Japan.

Adidas Baseball products are sold under license from Dick’s Sporting Goods.

From 1997 to 2008, Adidas sponsored the New York Yankees.

Basketball

The Adidas Superstar and Pro Model sneakers, affectionately known as “shells” for their stylized hard rubber sill, have inspired trainers such as UCLA’s John Wooden, among others. By the mid-1970s, Adidas caught up with Converse in basketball, before both began to lag behind Nike in the early 1980s.Subsequently, the Adidas Superstar became very popular in the 1980s street hip-hop scene alongside Adidas striped polyester suits.

From 2006 to 2017, Adidas was a uniform supplier for all 30 National Basketball Association teams, replacing the Reebok brand following the Adidas acquisition of Reebok. Adidas was replaced by Nike as the league’s official uniform supplier after the 2016–17 season.

Cricket

Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkar battering with his personalized Adidas cricket bat

Adidas began manufacturing cricket shoes in the mid-1970s and their original target market was Australia.Their footwear was radically different from traditional leather cricket boots, which had remained largely unchanged for decades: they were lighter and more flexible, but provided less toe protection, so it was not uncommon to see batsmen hitting the ball in their feet. jumping in pain. Continuing the production of cricket shoes for many years, in 2006 the company finally entered the racquet market in 2008 and currently the range includes the Pellara, Incurza, Libro and M-Blaster models.

In the 1990s, Adidas signed superstar Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar and made shoes for him. From 2008 until his retirement, Adidas sponsored the cricket bat that Tendulkar used. The new Adidas MasterBlaster Elite bat was created for him.

In 2008, Adidas took a concerted move into the English cricket market by sponsoring English batting star Kevin Petersen after terminating his life-long contract with Woodworm when they faced financial difficulties.The following year, they signed England football teammate Ian Bell, Pakistani opening batsman Salman Butt and Indian player Ravindra Jadeji.

In the Indian Premier League (IPL), Adidas sponsored the Mumbai Indians from 2008 to 2014 and the Delhi Daredevils from 2008 to 2013. They were official sponsors of Pune Warriors India in 2011 and 2012, however the team was banned from participating in the IPL due to payment issues. For the 2015 season, Adidas sponsored the Royal Challengers Bangalore.

Golf

Adidas Golf manufactures golf apparel, footwear and accessories. Clothing for men and women includes shoes, shirts, shorts, trousers, outerwear (windbreakers), base coat and glasses.

Gymnastics

From 2000 to 2012, Adidas supplied men’s and women’s gymnastics clothing to the US national team through USA Gymnastics. US Gymnastics and Adidas sponsorship ended in late 2012. In 2006, Adidas gymnastics swimwear for women and men’s sports shirts, gymnastic pants and gymnastic shorts were available in the United States, seasonal swimwear was offered for the spring, summer, fall and Holidays.Previously, Adidas partnered with GK Elite, and since Spring 2013, Adidas gymnastics products have become available worldwide through Elegant Sports. US Olympic team members McKayla Maroney, Jordin Wieber, Jake Dalton and Danell Leyva are sponsored by Adidas artistic gymnastics.

Hockey

Adidas has been supplying the kit for the National Hockey League from the 2017-18 season, replacing Reebok.

Lacrosse

In 2007, Adidas announced their move to lacrosse equipment and also sponsored the Adidas National Lacrosse Classic in July 2008 for the top 600 junior high school players in the United States.The company has grown into its own brand such as Adidas Lacrosse, receiving multiple scholarships, Bucknell (men and women), Bryant (men), Delaware (men and women), New Jersey Institute of Technology (men) and D3. powerhouse Lynchburg (men and women in fall 2016 with soft goods only). ”Adidas provided jerseys, shorts, shoes, tops, heads, gloves and protective parts.

Sports products are golf clubs, gloves, protective equipment and footwear.

Run

Adidas currently produces several running and casual shoes, including the Energy-boost and the spring-bladed trainers. The brand has built a strong network of runners in major European capitals such as Paris’ Boost Energy League. The third season started in 2016. In Paris, the Boost Energy League brings together 11 teams representing different districts of Paris.

In September 2016, Adidas introduced two new NMD R1 colors and one new NMD XR1 color.The Adidas EQT is the style of running shoes from Adidas. It originated in the early 90s and was relaunched in 2017. The latest adidas EQT lineup, released in the Turo Red package on January 26, 2017, included adidas EQT Support 93/17, EQT Support ADV and EQT Support Ultra. … adidas.com is one of the few online stores.

Demonstration of Adidas sneakers in Boston

In November 2016, Adidas introduced ocean plastic sneakers. The shoes are made of fabric called “Biostal”.This shoe is called “Adidas Futurecraft Biofabric”. The material used is 15% lighter than conventional silk fibers and is 100% biodegradable. Shoes only begin to dissolve when they come into contact with a high concentration of the enzyme proteinase digestion, which occurs naturally. Once this happens, the shoe can decompose within 36 hours. The shoes were never released.

Skateboarding

Adidas Skateboarding manufactures shoes specifically designed for skateboarding, including redesigned skateboarding designs from previous skateboarding models.The brand also produces branded models designed by the team riders.

Tennis

Adidas has been developing tennis equipment since the mid-1960s and has historically sponsored many top tennis players, starting with the two most dominant male tennis players in the early professional era in the late 1960s, Stan Smith and Ilie Nastase. During the 1980s and 1990s, they not only sponsored the world’s number one men’s tennis players Ivan Lendl and Stefan Edberg’s exclusive clothing and footwear, and Steffi Graf’s number one women’s tennis player, but each player had their own exclusive graphic styles. designed for use while playing.play, which in turn were sold to the general public. Ivan Lendl has even spent most of his dominant career playing with several different Adidas tennis rackets, most notably using the legendary Adidas GTX-Pro and then the Adidas GTX Pro-T. The company recently introduced a new line of tennis rackets. While Feather is for the “casual player” and Response is for the “club player,” Adidas is targeting the “tournament player” with a 12.2-ounce Barricade tour model.

Kabaddi

Adidas introduced Kabaddi, which is still not an Olympic sport but is very popular in the Indian Subcontinent and Asia. In 2014, with the launch of the Pro Kabaddi League, India’s urban franchise league, Kabaddi conquered the region. In 2015, they contacted the Mumbai-based franchise U Mumba.

“The association of kabaddi and adidas is a prime example of the sport’s growth over the past two years,” said U Sports CEO Supratik Sen.

Accessories

Adidas “Fresh Impact” Limited Edition Bottle

Adidas also designs and manufactures slide-style sandals, mobile accessories, watches, eyewear, bags, baseball caps and socks. In addition, Adidas offers a wide range of men’s and women’s deodorants, perfumes, aftershave and lotions.

Adidas announced that they will be launching a new $ 199 Fit Smart bracelet in mid-August 2014. The bracelet will be paired with the Adidas miCoach app, which acts as a personal trainer.

Adiletta

The

Adilette was the first pair of Adidas sandals originally designed in 1963. Adidas claims that Adi Dassler was approached by a group of athletes with a request to make shoes for the dressing room. To this day, the received sandals are a bestseller. Since the original navy blue and white Adilette sandals were created almost fifty years ago, more varieties of sandals have been created in different colors (black, red, green, gray, orange, brown, yellow, pink, gold, silver).Most recently, Adidas introduced a color scheme that matches the Predator and adizero lines; the circuit is duplicated with a warning (orange) and purple. Usually three stripes of a contrasting color appear on the strap of classic models. The most common Adilette livery is dark blue or black mixed with white colors. Also, the Woodilette and Trefoil models have a similar design, but without the bands on the strap.

The

features a contoured orthopedic rubber outsole with a synthetic upper and was designed as an aprèsport slide, but the adilette quickly found use outside the sports world.

Santiosage

Santiossage is a slide-style sandal. The sandals have three signature stripes on the Velcro strap towards the front of the shoe. Santiossage comes in black, dark blue, or red. On the side of the shoe, towards the heel on both sides, the name of the manufacturer is displayed, as well as a round emblem on the heel of the insole. Notably, there are tiny see-through massage bumps all over the sole to massage the feet after exercising, although the sandals are worn casually among non-athletes.Three Adidas stripes are visible through these sheer tabs.

Adissage

Adissage are also sandals – sliders . Available in black, navy, light blue, black and pink and more, the sandal features three signature stripes with a Velcro strap that runs towards the front of the shoe. On the side of the shoe, towards the heel on both sides, the name of the manufacturer is displayed, as well as a round emblem on the heel of the insole.Like the Santiossage , it features tiny black massage lugs all over the sole to relieve foot pain after exercise, although it is also popular as an everyday sandal among non-athletes.

Marketing

Chuck Dee in an Adidas tracksuit

In the mid to late 1990s, Adidas split the brand into three main groups, each with a specific focus: Adidas Performance was designed to maintain their athlete loyalty; Adidas Originals was designed to focus on the brand’s earlier design, which remained a popular lifestyle icon; and Style Basics on the fashion market; the main group in this lineup is Y-3 (which is the result of a collaboration between Adidas and renowned Japanese fashion designer Yohji Yamamoto – Y represents Yamamoto and 3 represents Adidas’ three stripes).

Launched in 2004, the campaign Impossible is Nothing is one of the company’s most memorable campaigns. The campaign was developed by 180 / TBWA based in Amsterdam, but TBWA \ Chiat \ Day in San Francisco also did significant work. A few years later, Adidas launched a special basketball campaign called “ Believe in 5ive ” for the 2006-2007 NBA season.

In 2011, “Adidas Does Everything” became the watchword of Adidas’s global marketing strategy.The slogan aimed to tie all brands and labels together, presenting a unified image to consumers interested in sports, fashion, street music and pop culture. There seems to be a connection with the phrase “all-in” meaning “exhausted” in some English-speaking countries.

In 2015, Adidas launched “ Building the New ” as its new strategic business plan for 2020. This plan has three strategic options: speed, cities, and open source.

Marketing in India

India has been a very speculative market for Adidas. Despite this, Dave Thomas, Managing Director of Adidas India, is ambitious about the country’s potential. The company hopes to double its income from Rs. Rs 805 crore by 2020. In 2015, the company signed Ranveer Singh, a famous Bollywood actor, as a brand ambassador for the company’s products. Ranveer was then an aspiring actor. The company later decided to use people’s almost religious worship of the cricket game to promote its brand.He soon launched a new cricket campaign in the country. The campaign, featuring renowned Indian cricketer Virat Koli, was called FeelLoveUseHate. However, in 2017, Virat Koli was removed from his position as a representative of the company’s brand. The cricketer later signed a major deal with Puma India. The company also sells its products online through e-commerce sites such as Myntra, Snapdeal, Jabong, and Amazon. Adidas also has an Indian audience website that markets and sells products to consumers in India.

Game advertising

The brand is featured in several games including Commodore Amiga: Daley Thompson’s Olympic Challenge , Sony PlayStation: Adidas power soccer and Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC: Adidas Championship Football .

Cooperation

Adidas has collaborated with renowned designers on several occasions, including Jeremy Scott, Alexander Wang and Raf Simons. They also reached out to several celebrities such as Beyoncé, Kanye West, Pharrell Williams and Stan Smith to create some of the company’s most notable and coveted pieces.

Adidas has many major deals with football clubs around the world, including their main sponsor Bayern Munich and other clubs listed in the footnote above. In addition, their sponsored national teams include Germany, Spain, Mexico, Argentina, Sweden, Japan and Russia.

Adidas sponsored many players including Lionel Messi, Zinedine Zidane, Kaka, David Beckham, Stephen Gerrard, Gareth Bale, Thomas Muller, Xavi, Mesut Ozil, James Rodriguez, Iker Casillas, Arjen Robben, Alli Pogeba Suarez, Ivan Rakitic, Diego Costa, Mohamed Salah, Roberto Firmino, Paulo Dybala, Mats Hummels and Manuel Neuer.

Adidas is one of the official sponsors of the UEFA Champions League and Adidas Finale is the official competition ball. Along with the Adidas Predator boots, Adidas produces the adiPure line of football boots. Adidas provides clothing and equipment for all Major Football League (MLS) teams.

In July 2014, Adidas and Manchester United agreed on a 10-year kits contract starting with the 2015-16 Premier League season. The guaranteed minimum value for this deal is £ 750 million (US $ 1.29 billion), making it the most valuable sports apparel deal and replacing rival Nike as the club’s global equipment partner.

Andy Murray supported Adidas from the start of the 2010 season to the end of the 2014 season, earning $ 4.9 million annually.

In November 2009, the number 4 tennis player in the world Andy Murray was confirmed as the highest paid Adidas star with a five-year contract worth $ 24.5 million. In Cincinnati, at the Mason ATP tennis tournament, they also sponsored the boys ‘and girls’ uniforms. Adidas is also a partner of the Malibu Tennis Camp, Green Fitness GmbH and Schöler & Micke Sportartikel Vertriebs GmbH.

Adidas has sponsored numerous basketball players past and present such as Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Tracey McGrady, as well as Chauncey Billups, Derrick Rose, Brandon Knight, Eric Gordon, Josh Smith, Damian Lillard, Andrew Wiggins, Tim Duncan, Jeremy Lin, Eeremy Lin … , John Wall and Nick Young. Adidas supported Kobe Bryant with the Adidas Equipment KB8 as his first signature shoe until July 2002. The company also supported Kevin Garnett until he backed out of his contract in 2010.Gilbert Arenas was an Adidas supporter until 2010. James Harden left in August 2015. Nike for Adidas by signing a 13-year $ 200 million contract.

In rugby, Adidas is the current kit supplier for the All Blacks, the French national team, the Italian rugby team and the South African stormtroopers and the Western Provincial rugby team among others. Adidas is also a sponsor of New Zealand Rugby Union and supplies clothing for all Super Rugby franchises, selected national teams and national referees.Adidas is also the Official Ball Supplier for the Heineken Cup matches. Adidas was a clothing supplier for the British and Irish Lions from 1997 to 2013. They are the manufacturer of the jersey for the Gold Coast Titans Rugby League of the Australian National Rugby League. Sonny Bill Williams is Adidas’ international rugby and international league ambassador and former boxer Sonny Bill Williams.

Adidas has provided field hockey equipment and sponsors many players from Germany, England, the Netherlands, Australia, Spain and Belgium.The company has been a supplier of clothing for Argentina’s women’s and men’s teams for over 15 years. The company also sponsored Reading, Beeston and East Grinstead clubs.

In ice hockey, Adidas has signed an agreement with the National Hockey League (NHL) to become an official supplier of uniforms and licensed apparel, starting in the 2017-18 season. Adidas will replace its subsidiary Reebok as the official supplier.

Adidas cricket sponsors include cricketers Lasit Malinga, Kieron Pollard, Duane Bravo and C.L. Rahul. Adidas sponsors volleyball player Ivan Zaitsev.
Volleyball player Erwin N’Gapet is touted as a model and brand ambassador for Adidas.

Rivalry

In 2016, he filed lawsuits against Skechers, one for duplicating Stan Smith’s designs and the other for Adidas replicas such as the Springblade.

Corporate information

Acting executive board

• General Manager: Kasper Rörsted
• CFO: Harm Olmeyer
• Global Brands: Eric Liedtke
• Global Operations: Gil Steyart
• Global Sales: Roland Aushel

Former management

Financial information

90 103 11 990

90 103 21 218

90 103 780

90 103 787

Criticism

Adidas’ business practices / ethics and commitment to employee welfare are scrutinized and often criticized.

Pricing Dispute for 2011 Replica All Blacks Rugby League

All Blacks tee sparks controversy

Unhappy with the local price of a replica of the Adidas All Blacks, New Zealand All Blacks fans asked for a lower price and started buying the shirt from overseas sellers after it was reported that the local price of NZ $ 220 was more than double the price. offered on some sites.

Adidas responded by enforcing international agreements to prevent overseas retailers from selling products to New Zealanders.Leading New Zealand PR firms and consumer protection groups called it a public relations failure. New Zealand’s largest sportswear retailer Rebel Sport has said it is unhappy and is considering selling the All Blacks T-shirts to the public at below cost.

2012 sneakers with suspension

On June 14, 2012, Adidas posted on its Facebook page a photo of a pair of shoes designed by Jeremy Scott containing shackles.The photo showed a planned line of shoes that Adidas intended to release in July. The photo quickly sparked controversy, including a photo of Jesse Jackson, who was quoted as saying, “Trying to commercialize and popularize more than 200 years of human degradation, when black people were considered three-fifths under our Constitution, is insulting, horrible and insensitive.” Jackson threatened to boycott, and on one occasion, NBA commissioner David Stern was reportedly contacted in the hope that he would intervene.The company canceled the product shortly after the protest.

Sweatshops and labor violations

Adidas has been criticized for running sweatshops, especially in Indonesia. Between 2006 and 2007, Adidas rejected many of its suppliers who supported unions in favor of subcontractors with the worst labor rights performance. By outsourcing the work to different suppliers, Adidas has a harder time enforcing the company’s labor standards. Adidas’ policy includes freedom for workers to engage in collective bargaining and a policy of non-retaliation against workers who express concerns.In practice, however, many adidas suppliers fail to meet these standards. At the Panarub factory in Java, 33 workers were laid off after a strike demanding higher wages in 2005. PT Kizone is another Indonesian factory where Adidas has been criticized for treating workers. They made products for Adidas, as well as Nike and the Dallas Cowboys, until they closed in January 2011. 2,686 laid-off workers must be paid $ 3 million in severance pay and benefits.Nike contributed $ 1.5 million, but Adidas took no action. United Students Against Sweatshops has launched a campaign urging universities to cut contracts with Adidas. On July 16, 2012, War on Want organized activists in London to replace Adidas’ price tags in sports stores with 34p, referring to the low hourly wages of Indonesian workers manufacturing Adidas goods. The Labor Behind the Label campaign group said the base salary for Indonesian workers at Adidas is only £ 10 a week.William Anderson, head of social and environmental affairs for Asia Pacific, posted on the company’s blog posting that total wages, including bonuses and overtime, were often double hourly wages and drew attention to purchasing power parity.

In April 2014, one of the largest strikes in mainland China occurred at the Yue Yuen Industrial Holdings shoe factory in Dongguan, which also manufactures for Adidas.

Soviet-themed items and advertising

In 2018, Adidas promoted a line of Soviet-themed goods.