What is the origin of lacrosse. How did wooden lacrosse sticks evolve. Why are traditional sticks still important in modern lacrosse. What materials and techniques are used to craft wooden lacrosse sticks. How does the craftsmanship of wooden sticks compare to modern ones. Who are some notable wooden stick makers today.
The Sacred Origins of Lacrosse
Lacrosse has deep spiritual and cultural roots among Indigenous peoples of North America, particularly the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) nations. According to Haudenosaunee oral tradition, lacrosse was a gift from the Creator, meant to be played for his enjoyment and for healing. The game held great ceremonial importance and was sometimes used to settle disputes between tribes.
How did lacrosse get its name? The name “lacrosse” comes from French missionaries who observed the game being played by Algonquian tribes in the 17th century. They thought the stick resembled a bishop’s crosier, or “la crosse” in French. However, the game has many traditional Indigenous names, such as “dehuntshigwa’es” (Onondaga) and “baggataway” (Ojibwe).
Evolution of the Wooden Lacrosse Stick
The earliest lacrosse sticks were crafted entirely from wood, typically hickory. The stick was steamed and bent to form the characteristic hook shape at the top. Leather strips were used to create the pocket for catching and carrying the ball. As the game evolved, so did stick designs:
- Pre-1800s: Simple wooden sticks with minimal pocket
- 1800s: Introduction of gut strings for improved ball control
- Early 1900s: Refinement of pocket designs
- 1970s: Transition to plastic heads begins
Why did wooden sticks remain popular for so long? Their durability, feel, and connection to tradition kept them in use even as plastic alternatives emerged. Many players felt wooden sticks offered superior ball control and a more authentic playing experience.
The Art of Crafting Wooden Lacrosse Sticks
Creating a traditional wooden lacrosse stick is a time-consuming and skilled process that can take 20-30 hours per stick. The main steps include:
- Selecting and preparing the wood (typically hickory)
- Steaming and bending the wood to form the stick shape
- Carving and shaping the stick
- Creating and attaching the leather pocket
- Finishing and personalizing the stick
What makes hickory the preferred wood for lacrosse sticks? Hickory is prized for its strength, flexibility, and ability to withstand the impacts of gameplay. It can be steam-bent without breaking and holds its shape well over time.
The Significance of Traditional Sticks in Modern Lacrosse
While most players today use modern plastic and composite sticks, traditional wooden sticks still hold an important place in lacrosse culture. They are used in ceremonial games, cherished by collectors, and valued by players seeking a connection to the game’s roots.
How do wooden sticks compare to modern ones in terms of performance? Wooden sticks can offer excellent ball control and a unique feel. However, they are heavier and less consistent than modern sticks, which is why they’re rarely used in competitive play today.
Cultural Preservation Through Stick Making
For many Indigenous communities, the art of crafting wooden lacrosse sticks is a way to preserve cultural knowledge and traditions. Master stick makers often pass down their skills through apprenticeships, ensuring this ancient craft continues for future generations.
Notable Wooden Stick Makers
Several renowned artisans continue the tradition of wooden lacrosse stick making:
- Alfie Jacques (Onondaga) – Often called “the last of the great stick makers”
- Alf Jacques (Onondaga) – Son of Alfie, carrying on the family tradition
- Frank Boots (Mohawk) – Known for his meticulously crafted sticks
- Justin Skaggs – Modern stick maker exploring traditional techniques
What challenges do modern wooden stick makers face? Sourcing quality materials, competing with mass-produced sticks, and finding apprentices to carry on the craft are all significant challenges for today’s artisans.
The Role of Wooden Sticks in Lacrosse’s Global Growth
As lacrosse expands globally, wooden sticks play an important role in educating new players and fans about the game’s rich history and cultural significance. Many international lacrosse programs incorporate traditional sticks into their educational outreach efforts.
How do wooden sticks help promote cultural understanding? By introducing players to the craftsmanship and spiritual aspects of traditional sticks, the lacrosse community can foster greater respect for Indigenous cultures and the game’s origins.
Collecting and Preserving Wooden Lacrosse Sticks
Antique and vintage wooden lacrosse sticks have become highly sought-after collectibles. Museums, private collectors, and lacrosse enthusiasts value these sticks for their historical significance and craftsmanship.
What factors determine the value of a collectible wooden lacrosse stick? Age, condition, maker, and any unique features or provenance all contribute to a stick’s value. Sticks with documented use in significant games or by notable players can be especially prized.
Caring for Wooden Lacrosse Sticks
Proper care is essential to preserve wooden lacrosse sticks. Some key maintenance tips include:
- Store in a cool, dry place to prevent warping
- Clean with a soft, damp cloth and avoid harsh chemicals
- Apply linseed oil periodically to nourish the wood
- Re-lace leather components as needed
- Display away from direct sunlight to prevent fading
The Future of Wooden Lacrosse Sticks
While wooden sticks may never again dominate competitive play, there is a growing interest in traditional craftsmanship and the unique playing experience they offer. Some modern players are even experimenting with wooden sticks in casual games and practice sessions.
Will we see a resurgence in wooden stick use? It’s unlikely that wooden sticks will make a large-scale comeback in competitive lacrosse. However, their cultural importance and the artistry involved in their creation ensure they will remain an integral part of lacrosse heritage.
Innovations in Traditional Stick Making
Some stick makers are exploring ways to combine traditional techniques with modern materials and technologies. These hybrid approaches aim to capture the essence of wooden sticks while improving durability and consistency.
How might traditional stick making evolve in the future? Potential innovations could include using engineered wood products, incorporating carbon fiber reinforcements, or developing new treatment methods to enhance the wood’s properties.
Learning More About Wooden Lacrosse Sticks
For those interested in deepening their knowledge of wooden lacrosse sticks, several resources are available:
- Books like “Lacrosse: Little Brother of War” by Thomas Vennum
- Documentaries featuring master stick makers
- Workshops and demonstrations at lacrosse events and Indigenous cultural centers
- Online communities dedicated to traditional stick making and collecting
How can players incorporate the spirit of wooden sticks into their modern game? While using a wooden stick may not be practical for most players, understanding and respecting the history and craftsmanship behind these traditional implements can enrich any player’s appreciation for the game.
The Enduring Legacy of Wooden Lacrosse Sticks
Wooden lacrosse sticks represent far more than just sporting equipment. They embody centuries of Indigenous culture, spirituality, and craftsmanship. As the game of lacrosse continues to evolve and grow globally, these traditional sticks serve as a tangible link to its sacred origins.
Why is it important to preserve the knowledge of wooden stick making? By maintaining this traditional craft, we honor the game’s creators, preserve important cultural practices, and ensure that future generations can experience the unique qualities of wooden lacrosse sticks.
A Bridge Between Past and Present
In many ways, wooden lacrosse sticks act as a bridge between the game’s ancient roots and its modern incarnation. They remind us that at its core, lacrosse is more than just a sport—it’s a celebration of community, spirituality, and athletic prowess that has endured for centuries.
How can the lacrosse community better honor the game’s Indigenous origins? Increased education about the game’s history, support for Indigenous lacrosse programs, and respect for traditional practices are all important steps in acknowledging and preserving lacrosse’s cultural heritage.
OF-LACROSSE – Wood Lacrosse Sticks
Introduction and disclaimer
I hope to write a concise history that is well sourced, but for the time being I want to make sure that the information is well presented, and that you are provided with supplemental reading material. I had something up on this page prior to this latest edit, and I thought it was an injustice to not give it proper thought and effort. I will return to this project, hopefully before I turn grey, and give it the attention it deserves. Until that time I should be providing more competent sources to individuals who are looking to learn about this great game. If anyone has anything to add in terms of sources please email me at [email protected]
I will begin, as is only appropriate, with the origin story of the game. It should be stated that my original link to the origin story came from the Iroquois nationals website as it was on 8/26/2020. Since then that hyperlink went down and I found something similar on Loyola Lacrosse’s website.
I would urge anyone who is doing their own research to cross reference this source with others.
Please begin here by clicking this link and reading the origin story of the game.
I will now direct you to the current Wikipedia page for the history of the game. I made sure to read over this as of 8/6/2020 and I want to state that there are some discrepancies and phrasings I do not agree with. It should further be stated that I am not an educated historian. Please consider reading the supplemental histories (see below) before taking what is seen on this link as the final undisputed history. Click here to see the current Wikipedia page for the History of Lacrosse
These should stand as two separate accounts towards the same history. Realize that the inventors of the game have a deep theological connection to this. Always strive to be respectful. Please also note that many of the misconceptions regarding violence and the like can easily be disproved through proper research.
I have often heard many young men and women say offensive things such as I heard they killed the losers which is, as far as I have read untrue. I hope that your continued research and the education of those around you can help dispel these I hope that your continued research and the education of those around you can help dispel these misconceptions
I have placed supplemental reading material suggestions below. I ask that any young person who is using this as a source for a report realizes that they should dig into more accredited materials such as those listed below. One should also research information about the religious aspects of the game as a separate focus of study. I should note that from my research, academic histories of the game tend to skim over the theological importance of lacrosse to indigenous people, and a well-rounded report will require you to seek out such source material separately.
Thomas Vennums Lacrosse: Little Brother of War
Donald M Fishers Lacrosse: A History of the Game
Jim Calders Lacrosse: The Ancient Game
Jim Calders Women Play Lacrosse: A History of the International Field Game
Introducing WoodLacrosseSticks.
com! – Lacrosse All Stars
Editor’s Note: Justin Skaggs and I have talked about, compared, and share secrets when it comes to wooden lacrosse sticks. He appreciates these vestiges of our past as the part of our future that they are. When he told me about his new idea, I was excited, and I think he’s just the man for the job. Read more below, from Justin, on WoodLacrosseSticks.com!
My name is Justin Skaggs. I have worked in the lacrosse industry as a modern stick maker since I was 14 years old. I was stringing pockets long before I made my living from my art. Stylin’ Strings has been my home for the last 12 years. My career has allowed me to make nearly every pocket in every head, work with amazing artists, and I have been blessed to string for some of the best players and teams in the world. Being involved in the sport this long has also taught me the roots of the Creator’s Game. Furthermore, it has made me aware of the lack of understanding that many in the modern lacrosse community have when it comes to the origins of the game.
I love dyeing and stringing modern sticks. The likelihood that you will see me at age 80 with strings in my hands is very high. While there is always joy to be found in inventing new designs, I must admit that I am hungry for a challenge. Over the next few years I will be immersing myself in the production and techniques of traditional wooden lacrosse stick making and I will be documenting my journey. This part of my adventure started when I studied with Alfie Jacques at his studio located on the Onondaga Reservation in upstate New York. I sat with the legendary stick maker as he shared with me his knowledge in the art of hickory lacrosse stick making. He unknowingly set me on this path that you now find me on.
Studying with Alf gave me a thirst I have not yet been able to quench. My time with Alf brought me to the realization that I was only just scratching the surface of my craft and all I had to do was look backwards. That is what I plan to do with WoodLacrosseSticks.
com. I aim to bring the roots of lacrosse stick making back to the new generation players and enthusiasts. I believe that people will be inclined to seek out the history of the game when they can hold it in their hands.
This project was developed as a way for me to develop my skills alongside the best artists in the world. I have been fortunate enough to learn from the master himself, befriend some of his students, such as Jack Johnson, and walk into this with over a decade of experience. That said, this will be a journey, and I can not express how excited I am to begin. I will be documenting the experience through social media outlets like Instagram and YouTube as well as written Blogs.
Skoogle, Inc. has begun making lacrosse sticks from hickory and quality materials. We are still a long way away from revealing our product and we hope to bring it to you sometime in 2015, but there are many talented people making these beautiful pieces. WoodLacrosseSticks.com aims to bring these artists to you in one easy to find place.
As this community grows, we will be there to bring it to the masses. We are proud to begin by offering our repair and restringing services, as well as some fantastic sticks from Traditional Lacrosse, and we hope to offer many more artists in the near future.
Check out the Wood Lacrosse Sticks website to learn more!
Sporting Goods Vintage Patterson Wood Lacrosse Stick Tuscarora Nation Antique Indian Made 39″ Lacrosse
Sporting Goods Vintage Patterson Wood Lacrosse Stick Tuscarora Nation Antique Indian Made 39″ Lacrosse
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Ron Patterson: The Stick Maker’s Perspective
This article, as told to Matt Hamilton, appears in the April edition of US Lacrosse Magazine, which includes a special 10-page section featuring faces and voices of the Native American lacrosse community. Don’t get the mag? Join US Lacrosse today to start your subscription.
I lived up at the Seneca Indian Reservation.
I’m actually Oneida, but I lived with the Senecas in the Wolf Clan. In our society and in our culture, lacrosse is a mainstay. Over the years, it went from a game that was given to us by the Creator and then eventually played for his amusement.
Just down the street from my house is our lacrosse box. From a young age, you’re given a lacrosse stick and you carry it around all the time. When my son was born, I gave him a cradle stick. When he was old enough to run around outside, I gave him a real wooden stick.
I’d given my son a cradle stick and it’s a distinction saying that that’s his game. It’s going to be his way of life. When he gets older and he gets his own stick, he’ll learn the pride and the history and the background and the culture of what it means to be a Haudenosaunee. It’s an honorable thing to receive a stick from someone.
“You don’t just leave the stick laying around. It’s a sacred instrument of a game that we still play today.”
You don’t just leave the stick laying around.
That stick is made of wood or made of some element that carries some type of energy or life within it. You don’t throw it in the trunk of the car or anything. You bring it in, hang it up and keep it oiled and make sure it’s well taken care of. It’s a sacred instrument of a game that we still play today.
It just makes you feel good playing for the Creator, but you’re also playing with a good heart. You hope that everyone else is doing the same. The public at large is not educated on our customs and beliefs and the origins of the historic game. We begin to become unified nations through lacrosse.
Those rituals and spirituality have never left the game, which is prominent when you see the Thompson Brothers playing. They continue to wear their hair long because of the honorable traditions of long ago. When somebody sees that and they mock and disrespect it, they not only disrespect the individuals, but they’re also looking at the countless faces of the indigenous people.
When we used to go up to Canada to play, a lot of the non-Indigenous teams that we would play against would, when you’re in play, will say derogatory statements toward you — about whether our hair was long or the color of our skin or just who we were.
There were a lot of different things they would say to us.
It’s not just the players. I coached from 1993-2009 and I’ve played in Canada and the U.S. On our way to provincials, a lot of even the coaches would say derogatory stuff — not only to our kids but to our parents in the audience. You get that a lot. It’s just from ignorance and not understanding.
The Mohawks who made Maryland’s lacrosse sticks
BALTIMORE (AP) — Marylanders think of their state as the spiritual homeland of lacrosse. But without the Mohawk Indians, the sport might never have come here.
Native peoples of the Americas have played lacrosse since well before the arrival of European settlers. In the 1800s, some began to make and sell lacrosse sticks — made from wood, catgut and leather — to outsiders. Ninety-seven percent of the world’s lacrosse sticks once were made by the Mohawks of Akwesasne — a reservation that straddles New York and Canada — and nearby Cornwall, according to Don Smith, manager of Canada’s Cornwall Community Museum.
After the Civil War, a man named Peck Auer, founder of Baltimore-based Bacharach Rasin sporting goods, brokered a deal with the Mohawks that gave him the exclusive right to sell their lacrosse sticks. Big shipments arrived here each spring, and students at area schools like Loyola College and Towson University picked up the sport simply “because the equipment was there,” as the now-deceased historian Thomas Vennum told The Sun in 1998.
The lacrosse stick-making industry was covered in an article in The Sun in 1951, entitled “Lacrosse Sticks: A Single Mohawk Tribe Makes, and A Baltimore Concern Sells, Most of the Entire World’s Supply.” Photos by A. Aubrey Bodine depicted Mohawk artisans bending wood and weaving together the strings for the pockets.
Though most lacrosse players use sticks from synthetic materials today, the traditional wooden sticks are making a comeback, says Arnold Printup, a Mohawk historian on the St. Regis Mohawk Indian Reservation. The reason is “simply because they’re very tough,” he said.
“Modern ones tend to break a lot easier.”
Mohawk tribe members play two forms of lacrosse, said Printup: recreational lacrosse, as well as a more traditional form of the sport, used for healing purposes. When playing the ceremonial version, “We don’t play to win,” he said. “It’s played with the intent to uplift.”
But both forms of the sport remain very popular in native communities. On the reservation, said Printup, “I can honestly say if you’re a kid — girl or boy — you’ve picked up a lacrosse stick.”
___
Information from: The Baltimore Sun, http://www.baltimoresun.com
Johnson Lacrosse – Handcrafted Traditional Wooden Lacrosse Sticks
Johnson Lacrosse is the vision of Jack Johnson from Akwesasne, New York. Jack was born and raised on the St. Regis Mohawk reservation. Lacrosse is a Native American tradition and Jack took a strong liking to the sport.
One day Jack was at a yard sale and found himself a traditional wooden lacrosse stick for $10.
He bought the stick and played around with it and fell in love the feel and look of this traditional wooden lacrosse stick he had just purchased at a yard sale.
Three years ago, Jack realized he wanted to understand the process and work that went into making just a thing of beauty. He sought out one of the world’s best traditional wooden stick makers in Alf Jacques. Jack tried to reach Alf for six months and finally was able to contact him and start to learn the process of traditional wooden lacrosse stick making.
Jack traveled three different times from Akwesasne to Onondaga to learn the the skills of this unique trade. Alf gave Jack his permission to photograph the process so he could have visual recollection of how to make the bends. After 36 hours and three trips to Onondaga, Jack took what he had learned from Alf back to Akwesasne and practiced bending the wooden lacrosse sticks.
Once Jack had a good feel for bending, he implemented a process and began making the wooden sticks in his shop located right at his home in Akwesasne.
Jack first finds hickory trees and cuts them down then brings them back home where he shapes them with a band saw. From there, Jack lets them dry out for six weeks. Then, the first and back bends take place. After each bend, Jack must wait six weeks before performing the second bend and wait for the drying process to complete.
Shaping the shafts is the next step for Jack. By using steam, it allows Jack to straighten the shafts and he waits for them to dry for about a month. Next, Jack carves, drills, sands, and dries the wooden lacrosse stick and the process is finally complete. In total, the process take six (6) months to complete the handcrafted wooden lacrosse stick. Jack uses real rawhide gutwall, no string used in all his handcrafted wooden lacrosse sticks.
Jack’s hard work has paid off as his passion has turned into a business in Akwesasne, NY. His handcrafted wooden lacrosse sticks have been featured in the all wood stick debut of Inside Lacrosse magazine.
definition and synonyms of lacrosse in the Polish dictionary
LACROSSE – definition and synonyms of lacrosse in the Polish dictionary
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PRONUNCIATION OF LACROSSE
WHAT DOES LACROSSE MEAN
Click to see the original definition of of “lacrosse” in the Polish dictionary.Click to see the automatic translation of the definitions in Russian.
lacrosse
Lacrosse
Lacrosse is a sports team of Indian origin, the rules of which were finally established in the first half of the nineteenth century in Canada; played on grass serve, consists in placing a special triangular ball into the opponent’s goal using a special triangular ball; The Olympic Games of 1904 and 1908; recognized as the prototype of ice hockey.
Its original names were dehuntshigwa’es, da-nah-wah’uwsdi, Tewaarathon, and baggattawag. Lacrosse – zespołowa gra sportowa pochodzenia indiańskiego, której zasady ostatecznie ustalono w pierwszej połowie XIX w. w Kanadzie; rozgrywana na trawiastym boisku, polega na umieszczeniu za pomocą specjalnej, trójkątnej rakiety piłki w bramce przeciwnika; 1904 and 1908 konkurencja olimpijska; uznawana za pierwowzór hokeja na lodzie. Jej oryginalna nazwa brzmiała dehuntshigwa’es , da-nah-wah’uwsdi , Tewaarathon , oraz baggattawag .
Click to see the original definition of of “lacrosse” in the Polish dictionary.
Click to see the automatic translation of the definitions in Russian.
WORDS THAT RHYME WITH LACROSSE
Synonyms and antonyms of lacrosse in the Polish dictionary
Translation of “lacrosse” into 25 languages
LACROSSE TRANSLATION
Find out the translation of lacrosse to 25 languages with our Polish multilingual translator.
The translations of the word lacrosse from Polish into other languages presented in this section were carried out using automatic translation, in which the main element of the translation is the word “lacrosse” in Polish.
Translator from Polish to Chinese
1,325 million speakers 90 020 570 million speakers 510 million speakers Hindi language 380 million speakers 9004 280 million speakers Russian language 278 million speakers Portuguese 270 million speakers 260 million speakers 220 million speakers Malay to 190 million speakers 90 004 90 020 180 million speakers 130 million speakers 85 million speakers 90 004 90 020 85 million speakers Vietnamese to 80 million speakers Tamil to 75 million speakers Marathi language 75 million speakers Turkish Language 70 million speakers 90 004 90 020 65 million speakers Polish 50 million speakers Ukrainian language 40 million speakers 30 million speakers 15 million speakers Afrikaans Language 14 million speakers 10 million speakers Norwegian to 5 million speakers The map above shows the frequency of use of the term “lacrosse” in different countries.
君 越 Translator from Polish to Spanish
lacrosse Translator from Polish to English
lacrosse Translator from Polish to
लाक्रोस Translator from Polish to Arabic
لاعب الكروس Translator from Polish into
lacrosse Translator from Polish to
lacrosse Translator from Polish to Bengali
ল্যাক্রোসি Translator from Polish to French
lacrosse Translator from Polish to
lacrosse Translator from Polish to German
lacrosse Translator from Polish to Japanese
ラ ク ロ ス Translator from Polish to Korean
라크로스 Translator from Polish to Javanese
Lacrosse Translator from Polish to
lối đánh quần ở bắc mỹ Translator from Polish to
லக்ரோஸ் Translator from Polish to
चेंडू जाळीचा एक खेळ Translator from Polish to
hokey benzeri top oyunu Translator from Polish to Italian
lacrosse
lacrosse Translator from Polish into
Lacrosse Translator from Polish to Romanian
lacrosse Translator from Polish to Greek
λακρός Translator from Polish to
Lacrosse Translator from Polish to Swedish
Lacrosse Translator from Polish to
Lacrosse Trends of use of lacrosse
TRENDS IN USE OF THE TERM “LACROSSE”
Examples of use in the Polish literature, quotes and news about the word lacrosse
BOOKS IN POLISH RELATING TO THE WORD
“LACROSSE”
Discover the use of lacrosse in the following bibliographical selection. Books related to the word lacrosse and short excerpts from these books to get an idea of the context of the word’s use in Polish literature.
1
Lacrosse: A History of the Game
“This book will long serve as the standard history of lacrosse.” – Journal of American History “An important contribution to our understanding of how sport emerged as a professional, commercial spectacle in modern North America.” – …
2
American Indian Lacrosse: Little Brother of War
Here Thomas Vennum brings this world to life.
3
Lacrosse: Technique and Tradition, The Second Edition of .
..
Like the Bob Scott book on which it builds, this edition will soon become familiar to every serious student of the sport.
David G. Pietramala, Neil A. Grauer, 2008
4
Lacrosse: A Guide for Parents and Players
Whether your child is 8 or 18, experienced or just starting, this book is the complete guide to all that lacrosse has to offer.Empower yourself with practical answers and unique ideas, whether you are new to lacrosse or once were a player.
Noah Fink, Melissa Gaskill, 2006
5
Coaching Youth Lacrosse
Coaching Youth Lacrosse is an excellent introduction to youth coaching and teaching young lacrosse players valuable skills.
American Sport Education Program, 2003
Best Sport Ever: Lacrosse takes readers from the beginnings of lacrosse to present day with a focus on the legends, the amazing stories, and the unique characteristics that makes the sport great.
7
Women’s Lacrosse: A Guide for Advanced Players and Coaches
Women in high school and college who play lacrosse or want to play. Men and women who coach high school, club, and college lacrosse . Men and women who watch women’s lacrosse . Physical education teachers and athletic directors who
Janine Tucker, Maryalice Yakutchik, 2014
8
Lacrosse: Rules, Tips, Strategy, and Safety
Offers an introduction to the history, techniques, equipment, and rules of lacrosse, the oldest sport in North America.
9
Lacrosse: Technique and Tradition
The director of athletics at Johns Hopkins University traces the history of lacrosse and offers detailed explanations of the sport’s techniques and strategies, presenting line drawings and action photographs to illustrate aspects of play
Bob Scott, Robert Scott, 1978
10
Lacrosse: Fundamentals for Winning
Focuses on rules and playing techniques with illustrations and text to explain specific skills
NEWS WITH THE TERM “LACROSSE”
This shows how the national and international press uses the term lacrosse in the context of the news articles below.
Lacrosse . Łódzkie Kruki powalczą z mistrzowskimi Kosynierami
Kosynierzy to dwukrotny mistrz Polski lacrosse . W obecnym sezonie również radzi sobie znakomicie. Wygrał wszystkie trzy dotychczasowe spotkania, gromiąc … “Dziennik Łódzki, Nov 15”
Oświęcim. W ekstraklasie lacrosse czas na derby Małopolski
W niedzielę, 8 listopada (godz.14) na stadionie oświęcimskiego MOSiR zostaną rozegrane derby Małopolski w ekstraklasie lacrosse . Miejscowi Spartanie … “Gazeta Krakowska, Nov 15”
Lacrosse : Kruki walczą z Korsarzami o pierwsze zwycięstwo w…
Zespół Ravens Łódź od pięciu lat dumnie reprezentuje Łódź w rozgrywkach lacrosse – kontaktowej grze, będącej pochodną hokeja. W niedzielę łodzianie.
.. “Dziennik Łódzki, Oct 15”
Ravens Łódź – Hussars Poznań. Uczyli ich podstaw lacrosse , teraz …
Rozpoczął się kolejny sezon Polskiej Ligi Lacrosse . Nastąpiły w niej spore zmiany. Drużyny zostały podzielone na dwie dywizje. W zachodniej występuje ekipa … “Dziennik Łódzki, Oct 15”
Lacrosse – pierwowzór hokeja na lodzie, który kiedyś gościł na…
Zapraszamy na kolejny odcinek serii “Niecodzienna gra”.Dziś wytłumaczymy, czym jest lacrosse – jeden z najpopularniejszych sportów w Ameryce Północnej. “Przegląd Sportowy, Sep 15”
Buick LaCrosse | Pierwsze zdjęcie
Buick przymierza się do swojej wielkiej premiery. Już w listopadzie zobaczymy nowe wcielenie LaCrosse .
Na razie Amerykanie wypuścili pierwsze zdjęcie … “Moto.pl, Sep 15”
Ułani Lublin w elicie Lacrosse ?
Reforma Polskiej Ligi Lacrosse nie jest jeszcze przesądzona, ale wygląda na to, że pierwsza i druga liga zostaną połączone.Ostateczna decyzja zapadnie … “Dziennik Wschodni, Jul 15”
Trenują lacrosse na ulicach Warszawy. Ich film podbija USA. Czy …
Lacrosse wymyślili Indianie. Zamiast toczyć międzyplemienne wojny, konflikty rozwiązywali grą. Jej dzisiejsza nazwa została wymyślona przez francuskich … “Gazeta.pl, Jul 15”
DI Men’s Lacrosse : Denver makes history
Denver makes history in a 10-5 victory versus Maryland at the 2015 Lacrosse Championship Finals in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The Pioneers are the first … “NCAA.com, May 15”
Święto lacrosse we Wrocławiu – Silesia Cup 2015
Tak w liczbach wygląda szósta edycja Silesia Cup. To największy turniej w lacrosse organizowany w Polsce. Patronuje mu Europejska Federacja Lacrosse . “Portal Radia Wrocław, May 15”
REFERENCES
“EDUCALINGO. Lacrosse [online]. Available
90,000 Everything is just beginning The Pentagon is building up a constellation of spy satellites: Science and Technology: Lenta.ru
This week, the US Department of Defense approved a program for the purchase and launch into orbit of an additional constellation of BASIC reconnaissance satellites. The new initiative was the result of the failure of the project to create a promising multi-satellite imagery reconnaissance system (Future Imaging Architecture).
Now the Pentagon is urgently trying to minimize the consequences of this force majeure and prevent a crisis for the entire US space intelligence.
One of the main reasons for the failure of the Future Imaging Architecture (FIA) was technical difficulties in the development of radar components for new spy satellites. Initially, the contract for the creation of innovative FIA satellites in 1999 was awarded to the American aerospace giant Boeing. The total amount of the deal for that period was $ 15-20 billion.A little more than five years were allotted for the implementation of the project – already in 2005 the first batch of new satellites was to appear in orbit. It was supposed to qualitatively change the level of intelligence information received (the accuracy of images is up to 7-4 centimeters, with modern devices – 10-15 centimeters). However, the Boeing corporation was constantly getting out of the project implementation schedule and by 2004-2005 announced that the more realistic terms for the launch of such satellites were 2009-2010.
After this announcement, the Pentagon decided in 2005 to restructure the entire FIA program, and all issues of developing radar components were transferred to another American defense corporation – Lockheed Martin.In addition, the military-political leadership of the United States decided to actively attract commercial satellites in the interests of the Pentagon’s intelligence units, as well as to increase funding for projects to create dual-use satellites, in particular, under the BASIC (Broad Area Surveillance Intelligence Capability) space reconnaissance development program.
The satellites being developed under this program can be used for both military and commercial purposes.It is assumed that in the interests of the Pentagon, the new spacecraft will carry out tasks to monitor troop movements, the construction of nuclear facilities (the primary targets are Russia, Iran, China and the DPRK) and other potential threats to US national security. The launch of the new satellites will allow the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) to increase the update rate of the Earth’s surface images.
Initially, in the period from 2012 to 2014, it is planned to launch two spacecraft into orbit.The total cost of this stage of the program will be about $ 1.7 billion. In general, the cost of the program is indicated in the range of $ 4 billion.
The project will be implemented in close collaboration with GeoEye and DigitalGlobe, which operate more than a dozen commercial satellites. In addition, the BASIC program is focused on the creation of an improved Block II satellite (in terms of its characteristics, it significantly exceeds the modern commercial satellites used by GeoEye and DigitalGlobe).
According to the Pentagon catalog, there are about 40 US spy satellites in orbit today. The grouping of reconnaissance satellites consists of KN-11 optoelectronic reconnaissance spacecraft, Lacrosse radar reconnaissance, SSU marine radio reconnaissance, radio and electronic reconnaissance, ballistic missile and nuclear explosion detection spacecraft.
Spy satellite KH-11 (CRYSTAL).
Photo from www.fas.org
Lenta.ru
At the same time, according to the French Ministry of Defense, there are 20 to 30 spy satellites in low-earth orbit, which are not listed in the Pentagon’s published catalog.Data on closed military satellites were collected in 2007 by French radars as part of a program of the European Space Agency.
According to official data, only about ten out of 40 named vehicles operate in the interests of NGA geospatial reconnaissance (they are based on the KH-11 and Lacrosse satellites). It is they who ensure the receipt of specific intelligence information from the territory of Russia, China, Iran. Thus, the KH-11 satellites provide optical imagery of the territory of Iran up to 8 times a day with a maximum resolution of 8-10 centimeters in the daytime and with the worst resolution at night.Two satellites fly over objects in the morning (08:30 am – 10:30 am), the other two – around noon (at 11:30 am – 01:30 am local time). Four Lacrosse radar satellites (the first was launched in 1988) are in inclined orbits at an altitude of 650 kilometers and fly over Iranian objects 8-9 times a day, and the time of orbits is not tied to the time of day.
According to Aviation Week & Space Technology estimates, the active life of almost half of these satellites exceeds 7 years, and some of them are approaching the critical 7-year mark.This creates the danger of satellites breaking down at any time. As the satellites stop working, the duration of the “windows of opacity” (the time when the vehicles cannot observe) will increase. Currently, they are about 2-3 hours when observing Iran (there is no accurate and open data on Russia).
Satellite Lacrosse. Photo from www. globalsecurity.org
Lenta.ru
Aviation Week & Space Technology notes that only two spacecraft (USA-186 – a modern version of KH-11 (CRYSTAL) and USA-182 – Lacrosse radar satellite), launched in 2005, can solve geospatial intelligence tasks without interruption until 2010.
To resolve the crisis, the Pentagon has intensified the development of dual-purpose satellites WorldView-1 and GeoEye-1. In August 2008, the first GeoEye-1 was sent into orbit from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.
A high-precision and extremely expensive device (its cost is more than $ 1.5 billion) was launched into orbit by the Delta II launch vehicle. A special feature of the device is that it is capable of transmitting images from orbit with an unprecedented level of quality.In particular, the detailing is such that in a photograph of a hockey field it will be possible, with multiple magnification, to consider the drop point (less than 4 centimeters, for comparison, modern Russian spy satellites give a resolution of 20-15 centimeters). In the future, the Pentagon plans to further expand the number of dual-use satellites, which is both cheaper and safer.
In addition, work is currently being completed on the TacSat-3 hyperspectral tactical reconnaissance satellite, which should significantly increase the capabilities of the US Armed Forces to detect and track Al Qaeda and Taliban fighters in isolated areas of Afghanistan.The TacSat-3 was assembled by ATK at the US Air Force Research Laboratory at Kirtland Air Force Base in New Mexico.
According to the schedule of the American space agency NASA, the satellite will be launched into orbit in October this year.
GeoEye-1 satellite. Photo from the site www.hayadan.org.il
Lenta.ru
And what about Russia? As of the end of 2007, the entire number of the Russian orbital group was about 102-103 vehicles. Of these, 40-41 are defense satellites, 21-22 are dual-use satellites and 39 are spacecraft for scientific and socio-economic purposes.This is only less than one quarter of the entire United States constellation (415 spacecraft).
At present, in addition to the United States and Russia, other states – China, India, and the European Union – are entering the competitive race for the military exploration of near space. Global military activity in this area is sharply increasing. It is expected that in the next 5-10 years new military space groupings will be deployed in space, including anti-satellite warfare systems, space-to-air and space-to-Earth strike weapons, as well as information warfare weapons.
Gjensidige Latvija: there is a tendency to include non-traditional sports in insurance coverage
In addition to classic sports such as football, basketball, tennis and swimming, residents are increasingly looking to include little-known sports that many have never heard of as part of their outdoor risk. The insurer expects this trend to continue in the future. This can be explained both by the strong increase in the desire of residents for physical activity in recent years, and by the wide access to information and the desire to be different from others.
Sports that have added to the classic sports in recent years when purchasing accident insurance are Roll balls (Indian sport), lacrosse, iceboard (sailing on ice), winter freestyle (skiing) and playing Petanque.
“Accident insurance is most often chosen by people who regularly encounter physical activity in their daily life, or the specifics of their work may pose a threat to their health.
The rest of the residents rarely choose insurance to protect themselves from unforeseen expenses caused by an accident, ”says Ludmila Schegoleva, head of the personal insurance department Gjensidige Latvija.
The choice of sport for accident insurance mainly determines the seasonality. In winter, people are most often insured against injuries that can be obtained as a result of skiing, snowboarding, while driving a snowmobile, and in summer the most popular sports are volleyball, football, roller skating and all kinds of water sports.
In the first quarter of 2017, Gjensidige Latvija as a whole paid out 15% more as compensation for accidents than in the same period a year earlier. The most common injuries sustained during outdoor activities were limb injuries, sprains, dislocations, fractures, and head and spine injuries.
Accident insurance policies include outdoor activities – gym, aerobics and all its types, badminton, squash, swimming, participation in various disciplines within the framework of sports events, cycling (except mountain biking), golf, bowling, curling, orienteering, ice skating, skiing, checkers, chess.
As well as classes, training and competitions in sports schools, physical education lessons at school, with the exception of participation in various competitions. Team sports such as ice hockey, basketball, football should be additionally included in the insurance coverage.
Rajasthan Royals | Catapult
John Gloucester, Chief Physiotherapist for the Rajasthan Royals and former Physiotherapist for the Indian National Team, has extensive experience in tracking training loads and preparing players for cricket matches.
At Royals, Gloucester is part of a workforce committed to a data-driven approach to productivity. Head coach Paddy Upton and bowling coach Steffan Jones are sports science alumni and work closely with Gloucester to gain a deeper understanding of physical performance in cricket.
Since the introduction of Catapult technology ahead of the 2018 Indian Premier League, Royals have used athlete tracking data to prepare players for competition demands, support injury rehabilitation and improve coach-athlete communication.
“The match data we receive gives us a baseline for each player,” says Gloucester. “When we have this information, especially about the maximum speed and the time spent in certain speed ranges, it gives me information on how we need to train them in order to prepare them for the matches.”
In addition to quantifying the physical demands of IPL matches, Gloucester explains how Royals can use athlete baseline information to support improved rehabilitation processes when players return from injury.
“The best example of the value of Catapult is when a player comes back from injury. Given that we know its average speed, its maximum speed and how long it spends in certain speed ranges.
“Then I know that after returning from injury, we need to set the training parameters that he had in the game day. Therefore, we use information from Catapult to judge whether a player is in good shape or not. ”
Performance data are often as powerful as their transmission methods are important.
Since the Royals began using Catapult, they have found this information to be an effective way to increase athletes’ engagement with the training goals they undertake.
“We feel like Catapult is enabling us to improve our relationship with our players,” says Gloucester. “So it was a really interesting communication tool for us in terms of why we do what we do, especially off the pitch, and why we train the way we train.
“Sometimes it is difficult for a player to understand why we do the running sets we do or the high speed sets we do. However, once we have this information, it will be easier to convince them to accept the whole concept and relevance of this type of training for this sport. ”
Wondering how Catapult can help your team gain a competitive edge? Contact us today.
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