How can young lacrosse players improve their skills this summer. What opportunities are available for high school athletes to train with college coaches. Where can aspiring lacrosse players find top-notch instruction and competitive play.
Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp: A Premier Training Experience
The Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp offers an exceptional opportunity for young athletes to elevate their game. Designed for girls in graduating classes 2021-2025, this camp provides comprehensive instruction across all aspects of lacrosse. Due to COVID-19 protocols, the camp has adapted to a commuter format, ensuring a safe yet immersive lacrosse experience.
Key Camp Details:
- Two separate sessions available
- Cost: $195 per session or $350 for both sessions (lunch included)
- Registration deadlines: June 13th (Session 1) and July 7th (Session 2)
- Session dates: June 14th (Session 1) and July 8th (Session 2)
What skills will players focus on during the camp?
Participants will hone their abilities in:
- Stick skills
- Shooting technique
- Dodging
- Center draw
- Transition play
- Defensive positioning and footwork
- Team offensive and defensive concepts
A Day in the Life: Camp Schedule and Activities
The Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp offers a well-structured day filled with varied activities to keep players engaged and improving. Here’s a breakdown of the tentative schedule:
- 8:30 AM – Check-in
- 8:45 AM – 11:45 AM – Morning Skill Session
- 12:00 PM – 1:00 PM – Lunch at Paladin Dining Hall
- 1:15 PM – 3:15 PM – Small Sided Play
- 3:15 PM – 4:15 PM – Snack Break and Bookstore Visit
- 4:15 PM – 6:00 PM – Game Play
This schedule ensures a balance between skill development, tactical understanding, and practical application through competitive play.
How does the camp structure benefit player development?
The camp’s format allows for intensive skill work in the morning, followed by small-sided games to apply those skills in realistic scenarios. The day culminates in full game play, giving players the chance to integrate everything they’ve learned in a competitive environment. This progressive structure helps reinforce new techniques and tactical concepts throughout the day.
Expert Coaching and Top-Notch Facilities
One of the standout features of the Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp is its exceptional coaching staff and facilities. Campers will benefit from instruction provided by college coaches and players, ensuring a high level of expertise and current knowledge of the game.
Camp Highlights:
- Outstanding staff of college coaches and players
- Excellent camper-to-staff ratio for personalized attention
- Access to Furman University’s premier facilities
- Competitive play opportunities
- Specialized goalie coaching
The combination of expert coaching and top-tier facilities creates an ideal environment for player growth and development.
How does the coaching staff enhance the camp experience?
The presence of college coaches and players provides campers with invaluable insights into high-level lacrosse. These instructors can offer guidance on advanced techniques, share their experiences in collegiate play, and provide a glimpse into what it takes to compete at the next level. The favorable camper-to-staff ratio ensures that each participant receives individual attention and feedback, crucial for rapid skill improvement.
Registration Process and Flexible Payment Options
Understanding the uncertainty surrounding events due to COVID-19, the Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp has implemented a flexible registration and payment system to accommodate families’ needs.
How does the registration process work?
The camp offers a “Register Now / Pay Later” option, allowing families to secure a spot without immediate financial commitment. Here’s how it works:
- Select the “Register Now / Pay Later” option during registration
- Receive confirmation of your reserved spot
- Once the event is confirmed to take place, you’ll receive a payment notification
- Choose to pay securely online if you still wish to attend
- If circumstances change, simply inform the organizers with no financial obligation
This flexible approach ensures peace of mind for families while allowing the camp to plan effectively.
When do registrations close?
It’s important to note the registration deadlines:
- Session 1: Sunday, June 13th at noon
- Session 2: Wednesday, July 7th at noon
Interested participants should ensure they complete the pre-registration process before these deadlines to secure their spots.
Travel and Accommodation Information
While the Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp is operating as a commuter camp this year, out-of-town participants may still need guidance on travel arrangements.
What are the recommended travel options for out-of-town campers?
The camp recommends using the Greenville/Spartanburg Airport for those flying in. However, it’s important to note that airport shuttle service is not available. Campers and their families are responsible for making their own travel arrangements.
For those driving, here are directions from major airports:
- From Greenville/Spartanburg Airport: Take I-85 to I-385 North toward downtown Greenville. Continue past the Bon Secours Center, following the road as it becomes Beattie Place, then College Street. Bear right onto US 276 toward Travelers Rest and continue for five miles to the Furman exit.
- From Charlotte Douglas International Airport: Follow I-85 to I-385 North, then follow the same directions as from Greenville/Spartanburg Airport.
- From Atlanta: Take I-85 to I-185 North towards downtown Greenville. Follow I-185 into the city, continuing straight as it becomes Mills Avenue, then Church Street. Turn left onto Beattie Place and follow the same final directions as above.
Health, Safety, and Insurance Considerations
The Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp prioritizes the health and safety of all participants. Several important policies and requirements are in place to ensure a secure environment for everyone involved.
What insurance coverage is provided by the camp?
The camp carries a medical insurance policy to cover injuries or accidents that occur during official camp activities. This policy acts as secondary coverage to the participant’s personal insurance. Any medical expenses not covered by personal insurance or the camp’s excess policy become the responsibility of the participant’s parents or guardians.
Is personal medical insurance required for participation?
Yes, all participants must have their own medical insurance to take part in the camp. This requirement ensures that campers are adequately covered for any medical needs that may arise during their time at Furman.
How does the camp accommodate participants with disabilities?
The Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp is committed to providing an inclusive environment for all athletes. Individuals with disabilities requiring special accommodations should contact Rachel Whitten, the camp organizer, within seven days of the first day of camp. This allows sufficient time for proper consideration and implementation of any necessary arrangements.
Cancellation and Refund Policy
While the flexible registration process allows for easy reservation without upfront payment, it’s important for participants to understand the cancellation and refund policy once payment has been made.
What is the camp’s cancellation policy?
The cancellation policy for the Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp is as follows:
- Cancellations made via email on or before Wednesday, June 9, 2021, will incur a $50 cancellation fee. The remainder of the paid amount will be refunded.
- Any cancellations made after Wednesday, June 9, 2021, will result in no refund.
This policy allows the camp to manage resources effectively while still providing some flexibility for participants who need to cancel their registration.
How can participants ensure they receive a refund if needed?
To maximize the chance of receiving a refund if plans change, participants should:
- Keep track of the June 9th deadline
- Communicate any potential changes in plans as early as possible
- Ensure cancellations are made in writing via email to create a clear record
- Follow up to confirm receipt of the cancellation request
By following these steps, participants can navigate the cancellation process smoothly if the need arises.
Maximizing the Camp Experience: Tips for Participants
The Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp offers a unique opportunity for young athletes to elevate their game. To make the most of this experience, participants should come prepared both mentally and physically.
How can campers prepare for the intense training sessions?
To get the most out of the camp, athletes should:
- Maintain a consistent training regimen leading up to the camp
- Focus on cardiovascular fitness to handle the full day of activities
- Practice fundamental skills to be ready for advanced instruction
- Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet in the days before camp
- Get adequate rest to ensure peak performance during camp sessions
What should participants bring to camp?
While specific packing lists will be provided closer to the camp date, general items to consider include:
- Multiple changes of athletic clothing
- Lacrosse stick and any personal protective equipment
- Comfortable, broken-in cleats and athletic shoes
- Sunscreen and hat for outdoor sessions
- Refillable water bottle
- Snacks for energy between sessions
- Notebook and pen for taking notes during instructional sessions
Being well-prepared allows campers to focus entirely on improving their skills and enjoying the lacrosse experience.
How can players make the most of the coaching expertise available?
To maximize learning opportunities with college coaches and players, participants should:
- Come prepared with questions about technique, strategy, or college play
- Be proactive in seeking feedback during drills and scrimmages
- Pay close attention during demonstrations and try to implement new skills immediately
- Engage in discussions with coaches and fellow campers to gain different perspectives on the game
- Reflect on each day’s lessons and set personal goals for improvement
By actively engaging with the coaching staff, players can gain insights that go beyond basic skill development and truly elevate their understanding of the game.
The Impact of Elite Camps on Player Development
Attending a high-quality lacrosse camp like the Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp can have a significant impact on a player’s development, both in terms of skills and future opportunities.
How do elite camps contribute to a player’s growth?
Elite camps offer several key benefits:
- Exposure to advanced techniques and strategies
- Opportunity to train with and learn from college-level coaches
- Chance to compete against high-caliber players from different regions
- Development of mental toughness through challenging drills and scrimmages
- Insight into the demands of college-level play
These experiences can accelerate a player’s development and provide valuable perspective on their potential in the sport.
Can elite camps improve college recruitment prospects?
While attending a camp doesn’t guarantee recruitment, it can certainly enhance a player’s profile:
- Players gain exposure to college coaches in a training environment
- Coaches can assess a player’s coachability, work ethic, and skill level firsthand
- Athletes learn what skills and attributes college programs value
- Participants can gauge their abilities against other high-level players
- The camp experience can inform players about different college programs and playing styles
By attending elite camps, players not only improve their skills but also gain valuable insights into the college recruitment process and what it takes to compete at higher levels.
What long-term benefits can players expect from elite camp participation?
Beyond immediate skill improvement, elite camps can provide lasting benefits:
- Increased confidence in abilities and potential
- Development of a growth mindset and appreciation for hard work
- Formation of lasting friendships and connections within the lacrosse community
- Better understanding of personal strengths and areas for improvement
- Inspiration and motivation to pursue lacrosse at higher levels
These enduring impacts can shape a player’s approach to the sport and potentially influence their athletic and academic future.
Lacrosse Camps USA – College Lacrosse Camps
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The Furman Elite Lacrosse Camp offers players of all levels the opportunity to learn and improve on all aspects of their game. This year due to COVID-19 protocols we have decided to only offer commuter camps. You will still get in a full lacrosse experience in a one day setting.
We have offered two sessions, and each session not have the same instruction allowing you two different opportunities to work with our outstanding coaching staff. The athletes will focus on improving stick skills, shooting technique, dodging, center draw, transition, defensive positioning footwork, and team offensive and defensive concepts. We look forward to working with you!!!
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GIRLS IN GRADUATING CLASSES 2021-2025
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Session 1 | June 14th | |
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Session 2 | July 8th | |
Camp Tentative Schedule:
8:30 am | Check In
8:45-11:45 | Morning Skill Session
12:00-1:00 | Lunch in Paladin Dining Hall
1:15- 3:15 | Small Sided Play
3:15-4:15 | Snack Break/Book Store
4:15-6:00 | Game Play
Camp Highlights:
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Awesome Staff- College Coaches and Players -
Great camper to staff ratio -
Great Facilities -
Competitive play -
Individual goalie coaching
Registration: This year we will be starting with pre-registration at no cost.
Reserve your spot today with no worries about payment! We will contact you when payment is due and give you ample time submit the payment online.
NOTE: REGISTRATOIN WILL CLOSE SUNDAY JUNE 13TH AT NOON FOR SESSION 1 AND WEDNESDAY JULY 7TH AT NOON FOR SESSION 2.
FACILITIES:
Camps will be conducted at Furman University
MEALS:
All meals will be held at the Paladin Dining Hall
TRAVEL ARRANGEMENTS:
All travel arrangements must be made by the camper. We will not have airport shuttle service available.
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We strongly recommend using the Greenville/Spartanburg Airport:
Take I-85 to I-385 North toward downtown Greenville. Go past the Bon Secours Center on the right. This road becomes Beattie Place, then College Street. Follow this road until bearing right onto US 276 toward Travelers Rest. Continue five miles to the Furman exit.
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Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CTL) (NO SHUTTLE)
Take I-85 to I-385 North toward downtown Greenville. Pass the Bi-Lo Center on the right, staying on the same road (which becomes Beattie Place, then College Street). One street after East North Street, bear right onto US 276 West toward Travelers Rest. Continue five miles to the Furman exit. -
Atlanta (NO SHUTTLE)
Take I-85 to I-185 North, toward downtown Greenville (exit 42). Follow I-185 into Greenville (continuing straight as the road becomes Mills Avenue, then Church Street). Turn left onto Beattie Place (which becomes College Street). One street after East North Street, bear right onto US 276 West toward Travelers Rest. Continue five miles to the Furman exit.
CANCELLATION/REFUND POLICY:
If cancellation is made via email on or before WEDNESDAY, JUNE 9, 2021 a $50 cancellation fee will apply.
You will be refunded the rest of the amount. Any cancellations made after WEDNESDAY, JUNE 9, 2021 will result in NO refund.
AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT
Individuals with disabilities requiring special accommodation should contact Rachel Whitten within seven (7) days of the first day of camp so the proper consideration may be made to the request.
MEDICAL INSURANCE
The camp carries a medical insurance policy to cover medical expenses for injuries/accidents, which occur in the course of the camp’s activities. Medical expenses which are declined payment through the participant’s personal insurance and/or through the excess policy become the responsibility of the participant’s parents/guardians. ALL PARTICIPATNS MUST HAVE MEDICAL INSURANCE TO PARTICIPATE.
Rachel Whitten Lacrosse camps are open to any and all entrants limited only by number, age, grade level, and/or gender.
Home
UTES MEN’S LACROSSE CAMPS
UPDATE: We hope to have REGISTRATION OPEN for PROSPECT DAYS ONLY on or before April 25th.
We are waiting on University approval/covid protocol.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE! WE CAN’T WAIT TO SEE YOU IN ACTION!
“COMPETE EVERY DAY WITH EXCELLENCE”
The Pillars of Utah Lacrosse
Humility – Honesty – Passion – Gratitude – Trust
Welcome to the University of Utah Men’s Lacrosse D1 Lacrosse Camps for BOYS.
Learn to play the UTAH WAY…HARD, FAST, SMART, TOGETHER and have FUN! We are the destination for YOU to take YOUR game to the next level! DON’T MISS OUT on this GREAT OPPORTUNITY to learn from the best College Coaches & PLL/Professional Lacrosse League Players in the country!
Our mission is to help players learn to compete every day with excellence… in life, in the classroom, on the field and in the community.
We will emphasize key components for lacrosse excellence which include the spiritual, mental, physical and tactical parts of the game.
“Sports Fuel will be provided by Gatorade throughout the duration of camp. Gatorade Thirst Quencher will be available on the sidelines to help fuel athletes’ performance on the field and help them stay hydrated. Gatorade has fluids to rehydrate, electrolytes to replenish, and carbs to refuel. Gatorade Recover Protein Bars will be available at the end of the first full day at teen majority camps and have the high quality protein and carbs athletes need to help their muscles recover. To learn more about the science behind Gatorade, visit www.Gatorade.com.”
Utes Lacrosse Camps are open to any and all entrants (limited only by number, age, grade level and/or gender.)
Rippin’ Rope Lacrosse
COVID-19 Update for Summer 2021
In an effort to determine the feasibility for holding any Rippin’ Rope Lacrosse Camps during summer 2021, we are closely following “return to play” recommendations and safety protocol outlined by a number of organizations including the CDC, the State of Delaware, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Delaware Interscholastic Athletic Association (DIAA), US Lacrosse and our host venue schools.
In conjunction with Delaware’s Division of Public Health Guidance on Youth Sports and its “Public Health Guidance and Suggested Guidelines for Returning to Youth Sports Safely During COVID-19”, we will aim to safely conduct Rippin’ Rope Lacrosse Camps in Hockessin, Delaware from July 12-16 and July 26-29, 2021 and Kennett Square, PA from August 9-12 and August 16-19, 2021. We will follow all the guidelines for the sports of lacrosse’s safe return to play as recommended by the State of Delaware and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Please note that timeframes for our currently scheduled camps are tentative and must coincide with a safe “return to play” environment as determined by the above organizations. In all scenarios if/when we do hold camp, we will factor in the following safety precautions, among others, recommended for safe outdoor youth sports camp programs in Delaware:
– Health History update and documentation requirements for all campers, including COVID-19 questionnaire and waiver
– proper social distancing at least 6 feet away, at all times, by campers, staff, and parents including during registration on day one, drop off and pickup times, in-camp activities, drills, and water breaks, etc.
– camp staff will wear masks; masks are optional for players
– all staff will have been in quarantine and not exposed to anyone with COVID-19
– safety measures during camp to eliminate contact between campers, camp staff, and camp equipment (not including a camper’s own equipment) including 100% non-contact drills and activities
– no water jugs; campers must provide their own water bottles and lacrosse equipment
As dates for each of our camp weeks approach, we will provide email updates to all registrants and also post updates to www.rippinrope.com as needed.
Continuing to provide a great lacrosse camp experience is always a top priority but the safety of everyone involved with Rippin’ Rope Lacrosse Camps is paramount.
We hope to see you at camp in summer 2021!
Rippin’ Rope Lacrosse
2021 Summer Camp Schedule & Info
About Advnc campS
Founded by Tewaaraton Award Winner and ADVNC Founder/CEO Chris Rotelli, ADVNC Camps are designed to teach lacrosse players new techniques, improve their weaknesses, cultivate them as leaders, and make them smarter players… all while having a great time and enjoying the outdoors!
On top of technical training and instruction, we focus on making ADVNC Camps extremely fun for campers all day long.
We find the more fun campers are having, the harder they will work, and the better they will become. Lacrosse is a game that is meant to be enjoyed and campers who come to ADVNC Camp can expect to have a great time, to leave camp better than when they arrived, and loving the game more than ever.
What’s more, campers engage in this fun, memorable experience while under the guidance of the best collegiate and professional players in the world. Our coaches not only show players the most refined techniques and strategies in the game, they also teach them the values needed to be the best players, teammates, and leaders on the field.
US Lacrosse Sanctioned Camps
ADVNC Camps are US Lacrosse Sanctioned Camps.
Sanctioned Camps provide participants with the best possible camp experience by adopting the Sanctioned Camp Standards, which are deemed the best practices for camps by the sport’s national governing body.
These standards help ensure the safest and most positive player experience for all participants.
All participants of this camp must have a US Lacrosse Membership that is active through the completion of this camp.
To become a member or renew an existing membership, visit uslacrosse.org/membership
ADVNC Camp Coaches
We bring in the best college and professional players in the country to coach at ADVNC camp each summer. To see a list of past years camp coaches, click here.
ADVNC training system
The Advnc Training System (ATS) is a complete training method that focuses on creating the ideal learning environment for aspiring young lacrosse players. Our up-tempo practices are designed to increase skill, on-field awareness, decision making, and athleticism. ATS also incorporates aspects of the latest research in development to create resilient athletes. At Advnc we believe it is not good enough to just create great lacrosse players but feel a larger responsibility to shape young men of character.
Camps/Clincs
CAMPS & CLINICS
MILL CITY BOYS LAX CAMP BY EDINA’S MICHAEL LONG & TRAVIS WELLS
– Boys Finishing Grades 2-8
– Summer 2018 Dates: June 11-14, 2018 – Pamela Park Turf (tentative)
Visit https://millcity.engagesports.net/ for details and to register
HOMEGROWN LACROSSE 2018 SPRING DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
Link for information: http://www.homegrownlacrosse.org/news_article/show/877408?referrer_id=230411
Sniper Series – Sunday, March 25, 2018 – 10:00-12:30 at Braemar
–For shooting and offensive skill development (8U and up)
Scorpion Series – Sunday, March 4, 2018 – 10:00-12:00 at Providence Academy Dome
–For defensive skill development (8U and up)
Face-off Clinic – Sunday, March 4, 2018 – 12:00-2:00 at Providence Academy Dome (8U and up)
Goalie Day – Sunday, March 11, 2018 – 9-12 at Augsburg Dome (8U and up)
Homegrown Lacrosse Spring 2018 Clinics Flyer
TCM LACROSSE BOYS & GIRLS GOALIE CLINICS
Click here for details: http://www.
tcmlax.com/page/show/356753-tcm-lacrosse-goalie-camps-and-clinics
PRESEASON 2018 GOALIE SCHOOL – YOUTH GIRLS & BOYS – GRADES 2-7:
TO REGISTER: www.tcmlax.com/pretryoutggoalieschool
3 Sundays, starting Sunday, 2/25/18
2:30-3:30 pm at 36 Lacrosse in Bloomington
TEAM MN BOYS CLINICS
http://www.teammnlax.net/developmentacademy
TRUE MN LACROSSE CLINICS – BOYS & GIRLS
http://mn.truelacrosse.com/page/show/379516-true-mn-camps-and-clinics
MN GIRLS ELITE CLINICS
Website: http://www.MNEliteGirls.com
Questions: [email protected]
HOME GROWN BOYS LACROSSE CLINICS
http://www.homegrownlacrosse.org/page/show/257424-camps-and-clinics
GOALIE CLINIC – GIVE 60 FOR #60 – BOYS & GIRLS
Watch for 2018 details!
FROG LACROSSE OPPORTUNITIES – BOYS LACROSSE
http://www.
froglacrosse.biz/
FACEOFF ACADEMY
CONTACT: Please contact Ben Williams directly [email protected] or (612) 710-8249. Or visit the website at http://thefaceoffacademy.com/.
NORTHSTAR LACROSSE CAMPS – BOYS & GIRLS
Website: http://www.northstarlacrossecamps.com
PLAY LIKE A PRO LACROSSE CAMP
http://www.playlikeaprolacrosse.com/
Contact Aime Caines at [email protected]
NOTE: 2017 Summer Camp ended on August 3
TC LACROSSE BOYS CLINICS
2017 Summer Camp: Already occurred for 2017! Check back next year!
Website: http://www.twincitieslacrosse.com/page/show/232568-camps-and-clinics
FINISH LINE GIRLS LACROSSE CAMP
Please see website for more details about this program: http://www.finishlinelacrossecamps.com/campsclinics/finish-line-lacrosse-girls-lacrosse-camp-4-days-c-eden-prairie-mn/
MSLAX GIRLS CLINICS
Website: http://msslax.
com/Page.asp?n=22611&org=qqq.msslax.com
BREAKAWAY LACROSSE BOYS 6-WEEK CAMP
http://breakawayhockey.net/lax
Contact Mike Mawdsley at [email protected]
MINNESOTA LOONS – TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
Visit Website
NATIONAL SPORTS CENTER LACROSSE – BOYS & GIRLS
http://www.nscsports.org/page/show/1551565-lacrosse-at-the-nsc
90,000 US expelled former concentration camp guard to Germany | News from Germany about Germany | DW
The USA extradited a German citizen and a resident of the American state of Tennessee Friedrich Karl B. in 1945, who served as a guard in a concentration camp in Neuengamme near Meppen (Lower Saxony). As reported on Saturday, February 20, the dpa agency, a 95-year-old man was flown to Frankfurt am Main international airport by air ambulance.
The Federal Police handed it over to the State Criminal Office (LKA) of Hesse.
According to an LKA spokesman, the General Prosecutor’s Office Celle (Lower Saxony) has already sent a request for questioning the ex-security guard on charges of complicity in the murder.
A US court ruled to expel a man from the country
As reported in March 2020 in the press service of the US Department of Justice, the order to expel Frederick Karl B. from the country was made by Immigration Judge Rebecca L. Holt in Memphis, Tennessee …
A court in the United States ruled that the man “voluntarily served as a guard in a concentration camp where persecution took place” of the prisoners.Among the prisoners were Jews, Poles, Russians, Danes, Dutch, Latvians, French, Italians and other “political opponents” of the Nazis. Judge Holt concluded that the prisoners were held in appalling conditions and, like other camps, were forced into outdoor labor, forced to work “to a state of exhaustion and death.”
Lived in the US for over 60 years
The judicial authorities concluded that he also guarded prisoners during a “forced evacuation” to the main camp in Neuengamme, during which about 70 prisoners were killed.
Friedrich Karl B. has lived in the United States since 1959.
Since mid-October 2019, a trial was underway in Hamburg in the case of the former guard of the Stutthof concentration camp, 93-year-old Bruno D. He was brought to court hearings in a wheelchair. He came to Stutthof in the summer of 1944 at the age of 17. That is why the Judicial Collegium for Criminal Cases of Minors was involved in his case.
See also:
Auschwitz death camp
Gate with the inscription “Labor liberates”
Entrance to the territory of the former Auschwitz camp 1.The complex near the Polish city of Auschwitz consisted of three main camps: Auschwitz 1, Auschwitz 2 and Auschwitz 3. The first camp, created in 1940, later became the administrative center of the entire complex. The prisoners were guarded by SS troops from the “Dead Head” detachments.
Auschwitz death camp
In one of the administrative premises
Inmates of the Auschwitz 1 camp were obliged to work.
Exhausting labor and meager food caused the death of many prisoners.Auschwitz death camp
In one of the cells
Prisoners were starved, placed in cells where they could only stand, put in a hermetically sealed punishment cell, where they died from lack of oxygen, tortured, and shot. In 1941, in the Auschwitz 1 camp, experiments were conducted on the poisoning of a group of prisoners with gas. The results were considered successful …
Auschwitz death camp
Patches
The prisoners in the camp were divided into special categories, which was visually reflected by stripes on their clothes.For example, the pink triangle is a homosexual prisoner, the red triangle is a political prisoner. A stripe like the one in this photo testified to the prisoner’s Jewish origin.
Auschwitz death camp
Auschwitz camp 2
The barracks are practically not preserved. Most of them were hastily hammered together from planks and logs.
Today only the chimneys remind that they were here.Auschwitz death camp
Inside the barrack
Hundreds of thousands of Jews, Poles, Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Sinti and Roma, prisoners of other nationalities were held in the one-story wooden barracks of the Auschwitz 2 camp.
Death camp Auschwitz
Death camp
Those who arrived at the camp were divided into groups. Those who were in the first group, and there were most of them, were almost immediately sent to the gas chambers. This fate awaited everyone who was unfit for work: the elderly, children, women …
Auschwitz death camp
Slave labor
The second group of prisoners was sent to forced labor – to various industrial enterprises.Most of them died from overwork, from severe beatings, from disease.
Auschwitz death camp
To the “doctors”
Another group of newcomers to the Auschwitz 2 camp came to the disposal of local “doctors” who experimented with the prisoners.
Auschwitz death camp
Servants
Some of the women who arrived at the Auschwitz 2 camp went to the personal disposal of the Nazis, who used them as slaves.
Auschwitz extermination camp
Holocaust
Speaking of the Auschwitz extermination camp, we primarily mean the Auschwitz 2 camp. It was on its territory that the Nazis began to practice massacres of an unprecedented scale. It was here that over a million Jews were killed.
Death camp Auschwitz
Death road
Prisoners were brought to Auschwitz in overcrowded boxcars. Many died on the road – from cold, hunger, disease.
Auschwitz death camp
In the museum
In the Auschwitz-Birkenau museum, you can see the surviving personal belongings of the prisoners of the camp, as well as photographs.
Auschwitz death camp
Stoves in which corpses were burned
Auschwitz had several gas chambers and several crematoria.
When the capacity of the crematoria was not enough, the corpses of the gas-poisoned prisoners were burned in the ditches.Auschwitz death camp
Huge territory
Auschwitz 3 is a group of small camps set up in factories and mines around the general complex.These camps were regularly visited by doctors, who selected the weak and sick for the gas chambers.
Death camp Auschwitz
Liberation
On January 27, 1945, Major Anatoly Shapiro was one of the first to enter Auschwitz. His detachment fought to break through to the camp, cleared the approaches. Commander Shapiro opened the gates of the Auschwitz 1 camp, freeing the prisoners of the camp.
Auschwitz death camp
What happened next
After the liberation of the camp by Soviet troops, part of the barracks and buildings of Auschwitz 1 was used as a hospital for the liberated prisoners.After that, part of the camp was used until 1947 as a prison for the NKVD and the Polish Ministry of Public Security.
Auschwitz death camp
Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
In 1947, the area where the death camps were located was converted into a museum, and in 1979 the memorial complex was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Hundreds of thousands of people from all over the world come to the museum every year.
Auschwitz death camp
Memorial plate
The camp was liberated on January 27, 1945 by Soviet troops.Today is January 27 – International Holocaust Remembrance Day.
Death camp Auschwitz
Number of victims
The exact number of those killed in Auschwitz is impossible to establish, as many documents have been destroyed. Modern historians agree that about one and a half million people were killed at Auschwitz. Most of them are Jews.
Author: Daria Bryantseva
Exhausting labor and meager food caused the death of many prisoners.
Today only the chimneys remind that they were here.
When the capacity of the crematoria was not enough, the corpses of the gas-poisoned prisoners were burned in the ditches.
90,000 The court ruled to expel the former concentration camp guard from the United States | News from Germany on world events | DW
Friedrich Karl Berger, a German citizen and resident of the American state of Tennessee, who served as a guard in a concentration camp in Neuengamme near Meppen (Lower Saxony) in 1945, is to be expelled from the United States.
The expulsion order was issued by Immigration Judge Rebecca L. Holt in Memphis, Tennessee. This was reported on Thursday, March 5, in the press service of the US Department of Justice.
The court ruled that the man “voluntarily served as a guard in the concentration camp where the persecution took place” of the prisoners. Among the prisoners were Jews, Poles, Russians, Danes, Dutch, Latvians, French, Italians and other “political opponents” of the Nazis. Judge Holt concluded that the prisoners were held in appalling conditions and, like other camps, were forced into outdoor labor, forced to work “to a state of exhaustion and death.”
Lived in the United States for over 60 years
The court concluded that Berger also guarded prisoners during the “forced evacuation” to the main camp in Neuengamme, during which about 70 prisoners died. Friedrich Karl Berger has lived in the United States since 1959.
Since mid-October last year in Hamburg, there is a trial in the case of the former guard of the Stutthof concentration camp, 93-year-old Bruno D.
He is brought to court hearings in a wheelchair. He came to Stutthof in the summer of 1944 at the age of 17.That is why his case is being dealt with by the Judicial Collegium for Criminal Cases of Minors.
See also:
Death camp Auschwitz
Gate with the inscription “Labor liberates”
Entrance to the territory of the former camp Auschwitz 1. The complex near the Polish city of Auschwitz consisted of three main camps: Auschwitz 1, Auschwitz 2 and Auschwitz 3. The first camp, created in 1940, later became the administrative center of the entire complex.The prisoners were guarded by SS troops from the “Dead Head” detachments.
Auschwitz death camp
In one of the administrative premises
Inmates of the Auschwitz 1 camp were obliged to work. Exhausting labor and meager food caused the death of many prisoners.
Auschwitz death camp
In one of the cells
Prisoners were starved, placed in cells where they could only stand, put in a hermetically sealed punishment cell, where they died from lack of oxygen, tortured, and shot.
In 1941, in the Auschwitz 1 camp, experiments were conducted on the poisoning of a group of prisoners with gas. The results were considered successful …Auschwitz death camp
Patches
The prisoners in the camp were divided into special categories, which was visually reflected by stripes on their clothes. For example, the pink triangle is a homosexual prisoner, the red triangle is a political prisoner. A stripe like the one in this photo testified to the prisoner’s Jewish origin.
Auschwitz death camp
Auschwitz camp 2
The barracks are practically not preserved.Most of them were hastily hammered together from planks and logs. Today only the chimneys remind that they were here.
Auschwitz death camp
Inside the barrack
Hundreds of thousands of Jews, Poles, Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Sinti and Roma, prisoners of other nationalities were held in the one-story wooden barracks of the Auschwitz 2 camp.
Death camp Auschwitz
Death camp
Those who arrived at the camp were divided into groups.Those who were in the first group, and there were most of them, were almost immediately sent to the gas chambers. This fate awaited everyone who was unfit for work: the elderly, children, women …
Auschwitz death camp
Slave labor
The second group of prisoners was sent to forced labor – to various industrial enterprises. Most of them died from overwork, from severe beatings, from disease.
Auschwitz death camp
To the “doctors”
Another group of newcomers to the Auschwitz 2 camp came to the disposal of local “doctors” who experimented with the prisoners.
Auschwitz death camp
Servants
Some of the women who arrived at the Auschwitz 2 camp went to the personal disposal of the Nazis, who used them as slaves.
Auschwitz extermination camp
Holocaust
Speaking of the Auschwitz extermination camp, we primarily mean the Auschwitz 2 camp.
It was on its territory that the Nazis began to practice massacres of an unprecedented scale. It was here that over a million Jews were killed.Death camp Auschwitz
Death road
Prisoners were brought to Auschwitz in overcrowded boxcars. Many died on the road – from cold, hunger, disease.
Auschwitz death camp
In the museum
In the Auschwitz-Birkenau museum, you can see the surviving personal belongings of the prisoners of the camp, as well as photographs.
Auschwitz death camp
Stoves in which corpses were burned
Auschwitz had several gas chambers and several crematoria.When the capacity of the crematoria was not enough, the corpses of the gas-poisoned prisoners were burned in the ditches.
Auschwitz death camp
Huge territory
Auschwitz 3 is a group of small camps set up in factories and mines around the general complex. These camps were regularly visited by doctors, who selected the weak and sick for the gas chambers.
Death camp Auschwitz
Liberation
On January 27, 1945, Major Anatoly Shapiro was one of the first to enter Auschwitz.His detachment fought to break through to the camp, cleared the approaches. Commander Shapiro opened the gates of the Auschwitz 1 camp, freeing the prisoners of the camp.
Auschwitz death camp
What happened next
After the liberation of the camp by Soviet troops, part of the barracks and buildings of Auschwitz 1 was used as a hospital for the liberated prisoners. After that, part of the camp was used until 1947 as a prison for the NKVD and the Polish Ministry of Public Security.
Auschwitz death camp
Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
In 1947, the area where the death camps were located was converted into a museum, and in 1979 the memorial complex was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.Hundreds of thousands of people from all over the world come to the museum every year.
Auschwitz death camp
Memorial plate
The camp was liberated on January 27, 1945 by Soviet troops. Today is January 27 – International Holocaust Remembrance Day.
Death camp Auschwitz
Number of victims
The exact number of those killed in Auschwitz is impossible to establish, as many documents have been destroyed. Modern historians agree that about one and a half million people were killed at Auschwitz.Most of them are Jews.
Author: Daria Bryantseva
In 1941, in the Auschwitz 1 camp, experiments were conducted on the poisoning of a group of prisoners with gas. The results were considered successful …
It was on its territory that the Nazis began to practice massacres of an unprecedented scale. It was here that over a million Jews were killed.
90,000 Childhood Suffering: Former Prisoners’ Memories of the Fascist Concentration Camp – Society
April 11 is the International Day for the Liberation of Fascist Concentration Camp Prisoners. It was erected in memory of the uprising of prisoners in the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald in Germany, which took place on this day in 1945. The prisoners managed to disarm more than 800 guards. After the American troops approached the camp on April 13, it was completely liberated.
More than 21 thousand people were rescued, including 914 children.
Former juvenile prisoners from Bryansk, who spent the years of the Great Patriotic War in German camps, shared with TASS their memories of these terrible and cruel times: how they took blood from children for wounded German officers, how little children were killed just for that they were crying from hunger, about how mothers closed their eyes to their children, protecting them from scenes of violence. Valentina Mazokhina, Lyudmila Svishcheva and Pyotr Karpukhin were three or four years old when, together with their mothers, the fascists sent them to Belarus, Germany and Austria in “calves” – freight trains.While their fathers fought the German invaders at the front, all of them miraculously managed to escape death thanks to the patience and heroism of their mothers.
- To live to see Victory: what veterans dream of
Former juvenile prisoners know much of that life behind the barbed wire only from the stories of their mothers, but some moments are preserved in their memories.
“Now you forget to add salt, but that life has been deposited in your memory, as if it were yesterday,” says Pyotr Fedorovich Karpukhin.He was four years old when, together with his mother Khovra Maksimovna Karpukhina and his sister, in July 1943 they were taken from Bryansk to Germany to fascist camps, first to the city of Hagen, then to Dedenhofen.
Milk mug
Large railway junction stations were located in these cities, and the captive women were sent to work to unload and clean the trains, while the children remained in the camps. All of them were malnourished, so after their release they returned home with rickets and night blindness.
Sometimes mothers, violating the prohibitions, brought us something to eat after work, and the Germans severely beat us for this.I still remember how the woman-translator was dragged by the hair, how she shouted
Pyotr Fedorovich Karpukhin
“When we returned home to Bryansk, she was sentenced to ten years in prison for helping the Germans translate.
She served six, then rehabilitated. She died recently,” Karpukhin adds.
Children were also beaten. “Once I was hungry and wanted to steal something to eat. And the German hit me on the back so that I flew several meters. I have three vertebrae missing.It’s still good, I didn’t stay hunchbacked. Only then did I remember this incident in the camp, “he shared.
He recalls that the head of the camp was a German woman, sleek, beautiful, in boots and with a whip. “It used to be that Frau would come to the camp where the children are lying on bunks, and she says” com, kinder. “You go with her, and she begins to have fun. I remember what happened to me. at a distance, teasing. I walk hungry, and behind the sheepdog – jumped over me, I somersault, and so I did not drink this milk “, – says Pyotr Fedorovich.
Special project on the topic
Children were often taken away from the camp forever: the mother returned from work in the evening, and the child was no longer there.
Nobody knew where the children were taken. Once the whole camp was driven across the mountains on foot. There was a rumor among the prisoners that they were going to be shot. “I remember the beech trees around on the way. It was hard to walk. But then the Americans surrounded us, the Germans were taken prisoner. They began to hug us, feed the children with chocolate, ride them on motorcycles, we were released, they managed to”, – Pyotr Fedorovich shares his memories.
“Then I remember how they drove us home through the Elbe. Day, you seem to be asleep, and at night you look like an animal at the window. The train is full. Some prisoners who were afraid that their houses would be imprisoned as traitors jumped from the carriage. At night. And the train slowly goes along the temporary bridge over the Elbe, you can overtake it with a step, but they will remain alive, or lifeless – no one knew. Where it will dive, into the river or break on a pile … “, – he says.
After returning to Bryansk, the family had to live in a dugout, because the Germans burned down their home.
A few months later, my father returned from the front. “He came as a disabled person of the second group, without ribs, without an eye, with a sore leg,” Pyotr Fyodorovich sighed.
The best blood
Valentina Stepanovna Mazokhina also recalls that the Bryansk families had nowhere to return from the camps. “They burned everything to the ground, all the streets. Those old women who stayed there burned down together with their houses, and we were thrown into freight trains and taken to Austria, to camp number 301,” Valentina Stepanovna shares her story and, with trembling hands, shows supporting documents about that she spent two years with her mother, Anna Georgievna Sulimova, who was at that time about 20 years old, in a concentration camp.
Anna Georgievna told her daughter the whole truth before her death in 1984, before she was afraid that she would not be sent to jail as a traitor. “It was a very scary camp. Immediately after arriving on the parade ground, the Germans began to take the children away from their parents.
There were screams, groans, and there was generally a horror of what was happening,” recalls the stories of her mother Valentina Stepanovna. Women and children lived in different barracks.
On this topic
From time to time, some children were taken in groups and kept for two weeks in special boxes, fed and kept clean.And then they took their blood to save the wounded German officers. “Mom told me that if they completely took blood, the children died, and their corpses were taken out and dumped into a special pit. Some were sent back to the camp: if they die, they die, they don’t die, they will survive,” Valentina Stepanovna said. “They even took blood from babies, they considered the best blood. And the locals, the Austrians, went to this pit, took off their clothes from children’s corpses, and now, if a child still moved, they took him with them on a cart and nursed him at home.” – she added.Valentina Mazokhina was lucky: her turn came to her, but the liberators came to the camp.
From all the large Kavkazskaya Street in Bryansk, of the children, only she and another girl survived after captivity.
In that camp, all women and children from the age of 12 worked in the field, grew sugar beets. In order not to die of hunger, for food they threshed paper, added flour and cooked a paste that sticks to the sky. It was possible to pay with life in the camp for the slightest offense.
“When the siren rang out, mothers called us, and children ran to the call of mothers.If they did not have time to return, both mother and child were shot on the spot, “says Valentina Stepanovna.
My mother told the story of a boy screaming so loudly of hunger that a German came up and stabbed him with his bayonet. The mother of the child in front of everyone at once gray-haired, white became like a harrier
Valentina Stepanovna Mazokhina
The 301st camp in Austria was liberated in early 1945. Many prisoners died in the crowd when they ran out of the zone gates.
“When my mother started telling me all this, I began to recall that when we left Austria, she put on a lot of things on me, so many that I could not turn around.She put it on herself and on me. I complained to her that I felt bad, and she said: shut up, this is in order to come, sell, and buy a piece of bread and salt, “recalls the former prisoner.
Valentina Stepanovna’s mother and father never met after the war. Stepan Sulimov served as a tanker, liberating Berlin. He died a few days before the Victory, in April, when the Reichstag was taken. He was buried in Germany, and a notice was sent home, in which they indicated the number of the cemetery, and the row and even the grave, so that relatives could visit.“I have never been to my father’s grave. But I dream of going there. I only hope for my son. He’s a trucker, he says that as soon as they give him a flight to Germany, he will take me too,” Mazokhina said.
Moms gave us a second life
On this topic
Lyudmila Nikolaevna Svishcheva, chairman of the public organization of former juvenile prisoners of fascist concentration camps in the Fokinsky district of Bryansk, who also spent about a year in a concentration camp in Belarus, has no doubt that the children who were in the concentration camps survived only thanks to their selfless and patient mothers.
“I loved dogs very much, and the Germans all walked with shepherd dogs. These dogs, of course, were very trained for people. My mother, Antonina Vasilievna Silukova, worked in the kitchen, they were peeling potatoes with women. And when she looked through the window, she saw, that I was running straight to the dog. She jumped out like a bullet into this window, and ran, grabbed me and saved me from certain death. Then they began to try how to get through this window, but no one else could, “said Lyudmila Nikolaevna.
In general, Antonina Vasilievna talked very little about camp life: even five-year-olds were driven to work, they dug the ground, carried stones, everyone was hungry.
They harnessed the children to the carts, and they themselves will get drunk on schnapps, they beat them with whips, the children are taking them, and they still make them sing. And they laugh and shoot. But if there was some kind of mass execution, mothers tried to cover our eyes with their hands so that we would not see.
Lyudmila Nikolaevna Svishcheva
“That is why we are still living, because our mother took care of our nervous system a little. Parents are our parents, our protection. Thanks to mothers, we survived,” adds Svishcheva.
She remembers that there was also a crematorium in the camp, where people were burned every day.The weakest were led in a column, stripped and burned alive. But even in such difficult conditions, under pain of execution, the captured women organized underground organizations in order to give their children at least some kind of education. “At night they crawled into the children’s barracks and taught. There were no books. Teachers retell War and Peace and other books from memory. And even arranged a Christmas tree for the New Year,” recalls Lyudmila Nikolaevna. A year later, the camp was liberated by Belarusian partisans.
Last witnesses of the war
After returning home, the Bryansk families were waiting not only for the empty burnt streets of the city, but also the danger of being captured again.
The prisoners were considered traitors. Stalin sent them to Solovki. Mother warned: don’t tell anyone anywhere
Lyudmila Nikolaevna Svishcheva
In Soviet times, the road to all technical schools, universities and even schools was closed for juvenile prisoners. Lyudmila Nikolaevna was able to get an education only because during the war her father worked as a train driver, delivered shells, ammunition, food to besieged Leningrad. She told everyone that she went with her father.
Svishcheva recalled that juvenile prisoners were recognized only at the end of the 80s, they were equated with veterans.“But in fact, it turns out that we are equated only on paper. to return at least a part of this privilege, because many former prisoners live alone. We are the last witnesses of this war. I wish that we, the prisoners, would not be forgotten either, “she complained.
Tatiana Vinogradova
90,000 Forgotten Captives: Who were the Uzbeks killed by the Nazis in Holland?
- Rustam Kobil
- BBC Uzbek Service
Photo by Marco Hofste Photography
They left their homes in Central Asia to fight against the German army.
Later, dressed in rags, they were captured and taken to a concentration camp in the Netherlands. Few of those living today remember the 101 Uzbeks killed in a forest near Dutch Amersfoort in 1942. The memory of them could have been erased completely, if not for one meticulous Dutch journalist.
Every spring hundreds of Dutch men and women, young and old, gather in the forest near Amersfoort, near Utrecht.
Here they light candles in memory of 101 Soviet soldiers who were shot by the Nazis at this place, and then forgotten for more than half a century.
This story surfaced 18 years ago when Dutch journalist Remco Reiding returned to Amersfoort after several years of work in Russia. From a friend he heard about a nearby Soviet military cemetery.
“I was surprised because I had never heard of him before.” Reiding says. “I went to the cemetery and began looking for witnesses and collecting materials from the archives.
”
It turned out that 865 Soviet soldiers were buried at this place. All but 101 soldiers were brought in from Germany or other regions of Holland.
However, 101 soldiers – all unnamed – were shot in Amersfoort itself.
They were captured near Smolensk in the first weeks after the German invasion of the Soviet Union and sent to Nazi-occupied Holland for propaganda purposes.
“They specially selected Asian-looking prisoners to show them to the Dutch who resisted Nazi ideas,” says Reiding. “They called them untermenschen – subhumans – hoping that as soon as the Dutch saw what Soviet citizens looked like, they would join the Germans.” …
Photo author, National Archives of the Netherlands
Photo caption,
Camp commander Karl Peter Berg was shot in 1949
In the Amersfoort concentration camp, the Germans kept the Dutch communists – it was their opinion of the Soviet people that the Nazis hoped to change.
They were kept there since August 1941, together with local Jews, from where they were all supposed to be transported to other camps.
But the plan didn’t work.
91-year-old Henk Bruckhausen is one of the few surviving witnesses.He recalls how, as a teenager, he watched the Soviet prisoners who arrived in the city.
“When I close my eyes, I see their faces,” he says. “Dressed in rags, they didn’t even look like soldiers. You could only see their faces.”
Photo caption,
Henk Bruksauzen is one of the few witnesses who saw Uzbek prisoners of war
“The Nazis led them along the main street, parading them, from the station to the concentration camp. They were weak and small, their legs were wrapped in old rags …Some of them could hardly stay on their feet, they were supported by the comrades walking nearby, “continues Bruckhausen.
Some prisoners exchanged glances with passers-by and gestured that they were hungry.
” We brought some water and bread for them, “recalls Bruckhausen … “But the Nazis knocked everything out of our hands. They did not allow us to help them. “
Bruckhausen never saw these prisoners again and did not know what happened to them in the concentration camp.
Reiding began collecting materials from the Dutch archives.
He found that they were mostly Uzbek prisoners. The camp leadership did not know about this until a Russian-speaking SS officer arrived and began to interrogate them.
Photo author, National Archives of the Netherlands
Photo caption,
Translator Ernst Alscher learned Russian in Poland
Most of them, according to Reiding, were from Samarkand. “Perhaps some of them were Kazakhs, Kyrgyz or Bashkirs, but most were Uzbeks,” he says.
Reiding also found out that the prisoners from Central Asia were treated worse in the camp than everyone else.
“The first three days in the camp, the Uzbeks were kept without food, in the open air, in an area fenced with barbed wire,” the journalist says.
“The German film crew was preparing to film the moment when these ‘barbarians and subhumans’ start fighting for food. This scene had to be filmed for propaganda,” explains Reiding.
“The Nazis are throwing a loaf of bread to hungry Uzbeks.To their surprise, one of the prisoners calmly takes a loaf and divides it into equal parts with a spoon. Others are patiently waiting. Nobody fights. Then they divide the pieces of bread equally. The Nazis are disappointed, “the journalist says.
Photo caption,
Remco Reiding found the relatives of 200 of the 865 Soviet soldiers buried in Amersfoort
But the worst for the prisoners was ahead.
” The Uzbeks were given half the portion that other prisoners received. If someone tried to share with them, the whole camp was left without food as punishment, “says Uzbek historian Bakhodir Uzakov.
He lives in the Dutch town of Gouda and also studies the history of the Amersfoort camp.
“When Uzbeks ate leftovers and potato skins, the Nazis beat them for eating pig feed,” he says.
From the confessions of the camp guards and the memories of the prisoners themselves, which Reiding found in the archives, he learned that the Uzbeks were constantly beaten and allowed them to do the worst camp work – for example, dragging heavy bricks, sand or logs in the cold.
Archival data became the basis for Reiding’s book “Child of the Field of Glory”.
One of the most shocking stories Reiding discovered is about the camp doctor, Dutchman Nicholas van Neuvenhausen.
When two Uzbeks died, he ordered other prisoners to behead them and boil their skulls until they were clean, Reiding said.
Photo author, National Archives of the Netherlands
Photo caption,
Dr. Nicholas van Nieuwenhausen was sentenced to 20 years in prison after the war, but served 10 years
“The doctor kept these skulls on his desk for examination.
What madness! “- says Reiding.
Suffering from hunger and exhaustion, the Uzbeks began to eat rats, mice and plants. 24 of them did not survive the harsh winter of 1941. The remaining 77 were no longer needed when they became so weak that they could no longer work
In the early morning in April 1942, the prisoners were told that they would be transported to another camp in the south of France, where it would be warmer.
In fact, they were taken to a nearby forest, where they were shot and buried in a common grave.
“Some of them cried, others held hands and looked at their death. Those who tried to escape were caught up and shot by German soldiers,” Reiding says, referring to the memories of camp guards and drivers who witnessed the shooting.
Photo caption,
Uzbeks are buried in the first two rows of unknown graves
“Imagine, you are 5 thousand kilometers from the house, where the muezzin calls everyone to prayer, where the wind whirls sand and dust in the market square and where the streets are filled with the scent of spices .
..You do not know the language of foreigners, and they do not know yours. And you don’t understand why these people treat you like an animal. ”
There is very little information to help identify these prisoners. The Nazis burned the camp archive before retreating in May 1945.
Only one photograph survives. Two men are captured – none of them is named
Photo author, Archief Eemland
Photo caption,
Here is the same photo of Uzbek prisoners of war.The names of the people in the picture are unknown
Of the nine hand-drawn portraits of a Dutch prisoner, only two bear names.
“The names are spelled incorrectly, but they sound like Uzbek,” says Reiding.
“One name is written as Kadiru Kzatam, another as Muratov Zayer. Most likely, the first name is Kadyrov Khatam, and the second is Muratov Zair.”
Photo author, Museum Flehite
Photo caption,
Khatam Kadyrov and Zair Muratov
I immediately recognize Uzbek names and Asian faces.
The fused eyebrows, delicate eyes and facial features of half-breeds are all considered beautiful in my country.
These are portraits of young men, they look a little over 20, maybe less.
Their mothers were probably already looking for suitable brides for them, and their fathers had already bought a calf for the wedding feast. But then the war began.
It occurs to me that some of them could have been my relatives. My two great uncles and my wife’s grandfather did not return from the war.
Sometimes I was told that my great-uncles married German women and decided to stay in Europe.Our grandmothers composed this story for their own comfort.
Of the 1.4 million Uzbeks who fought, a third did not return from the war and at least 100 thousand are still missing.
Photo author, Museum Flehite
Photo caption,
Another drawing depicting Khatam Kadyrov (left) and an unnamed prisoner, possibly Zair Muratov
Why the Uzbek soldiers shot in Amersfoort were never identified, except for the two whose names are known?
One of the reasons is the Cold War, which quickly replaced the Second World War and turned Western Europe and the USSR into ideological enemies.
Another is Uzbekistan’s decision to forget about the Soviet past after gaining independence in 1991. War veterans were no longer considered heroes. The monument to the family who adopted 14 children who lost their parents during the war has been removed from the square in the center of Tashkent. True, the new president of the country promises to bring him back.
To put it simply, the search for the missing soldiers several decades ago was not among the priorities of the Uzbek government.
Photo author, National Archives of the Netherlands
Caption,
The killed Uzbeks were transferred first from the mass grave to the cemetery, and then to the special burial of Soviet prisoners of war
But Reiding does not surrender: he thinks he can find the names of those executed in Uzbek archives.
“Documents of Soviet soldiers – survivors or those whose deaths the Soviet authorities had no information about, were sent to local KGB offices.
Most likely, the names of 101 Uzbek soldiers are stored in archives in Uzbekistan,” Reiding says.
“If I get access to them, I can find at least some of them,” Remco Reiding is sure.
The results of “Super Tuesday” can determine the US presidential candidate from the Democrats
In the United States on Tuesday, presidential elections will be held in 14 states at once.For the Republicans, the incumbent President Donald Trump has no real rivals, so the struggle is unfolding between the Democratic contenders. The favorite is Senator Bernie Sanders from Vermont – according to RealClearPolitics, he leads most states that will vote on the so-called Super Tuesday, including California and Texas. They are home to the most voters, and, accordingly, it is these states that have the most delegates to the national conventions of the parties that choose the final candidates.According to the results of Super Tuesday, the sympathies of 1,357 delegates out of 4,750 will be distributed among the applicants, BBC News notes.
To become a party candidate, you must obtain the support of 1990 delegates.
In two states – North Carolina and Oklahoma – Sanders may be overtaken by former Vice President Joseph Biden, RealClearPolitics forecasts show. At the beginning of the election campaign, it was he who was considered the favorite of the Democrats, but in the first three selection of candidates he performed poorly. However, in the last Saturday primaries in South Carolina, Biden, as expected, won – the decisive factor was the support of African American voters, there are more than half of them in the state.In addition, on Sunday, due to poor results in the same primaries, the former mayor of South Bend in Indiana, Pete Buttigiech, announced his withdrawal from the race. Like Biden, he represented the moderate wing of the Democrats as opposed to Sanders, who calls himself a socialist. So now “all his super Tuesday voices will go to sleepy Joe Biden,” Trump wrote on his Twitter. In his opinion, in this way, the Democrats are seeking to withdraw from the game Sanders, whom Trump considers the weakest opponent.
Most of the democratic establishment agree with this assessment: many are convinced that a more moderate candidate than Sanders is needed to win the final confrontation with Trump.In addition, congressional elections will be held concurrently with the presidential elections in November. Now Republicans have a majority in the Senate, while Democrats have a majority in the House of Representatives. According to moderate Democrats, Sanders’ nomination could lead not only to defeat in the presidential race, but also to the fact that Democrats will lose a majority in the House of Representatives, The Hill notes. Therefore, Biden’s victory in South Carolina, where he overtook Sanders by nearly 30 percentage points, returned hope for the Democrats in a strong moderate candidate and now Biden is again becoming the main threat to Trump, says the editor of The National Interest Jacob Heilbrunn.In his opinion, on the eve of Super Tuesday, Biden found himself in an ideal situation: “The old professional, despite the shaky position at the beginning of the race, has gathered all his inner strength and is ready to crush his opponents.
”
Primaries in California and other states on Super Tuesday are likely to confirm Sanders’ status as the favorite in the race, Brookings Institution senior researcher Thomas Mann disagrees: “Sanders has a consolidated base of supporters, and the enemy camp is fragmented.” In addition to Biden, it includes Senator from Minnesota Amy Klobuchar and former New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg.Klobuchar, according to RealClearPolitics, can only count on winning in his own state. But Senator Elizabeth Warren from Massachusetts, who together with Sanders represents the left wing of the Democrats, is unlikely to be elected even in her own state – Sanders is also in the lead there.
For Bloomberg, Super Tuesday will be the beginning of the campaign – before that he did not participate in the primaries, focusing his campaign precisely on the large states that vote on Super Tuesday. According to the Associated Press, the millionaire spent at least $ 500 million on advertising – more than all other Democratic candidates combined.
However, at the party debates, Bloomberg was sharply criticized by opponents, reminds Reuters: he was accused of sexist and racist politics as mayor of New York. In addition, the agency writes, “he hoped that Biden’s campaign would finally be blown away by Super Tuesday,” and Bloomberg would become the only moderate alternative to Sanders. Biden’s victory in South Carolina shattered those hopes. On the eve of Super Tuesday, Bloomberg ranked first only in Arkansas.
After Super Tuesday, the mood among different groups of the population will become more understandable, says William Frey, demographer from Brookings Institution: “Seven out of 14 states are southern states, where the proportion of the African American population is higher than the national average.”According to Frey, it is unclear whether Biden will perform as well here as in South Carolina. “But in California, the largest ethnic minority is Hispanics, who have so far steadily supported Sanders,” the expert recalls. Sanders will almost certainly score more tomorrow than the rest of the candidates, says Marquez II Israel, professor of political science at the Higher School of Economics: “The question is how much more.
If the gap is very large, then, most likely, he really will be a candidate from the Democrats. “But, according to the expert, if, for example, Biden picks up a little less, and other candidates – Bloomberg, Warren and Klobuchar subsequently leave the race, then Biden can challenge Sanders’ victory. “Then the delegates will determine the candidate directly at the national convention of the party, and in this case it is not at all clear how it will end, this has not happened in the United States for several decades,” explains Marquez.
Why record debt growth did not lead to comparable economic growth
The US Federal Reserve System cut interest rates twice in March to 0-0.25%.The yield on 10-year Treasury bonds fell below 1% for the first time in history. Historically low rates can lead to imbalances in the economy and increase the debt burden. The current global credit cycle, which began in 2010 after the global financial crisis, has been the fastest growing. At the same time, the record growth of debt did not lead to comparable economic growth, because monetary stimulus alone may not be enough for a qualitative rise in GDP in developed countries.
Business cycles, as a rule, run synchronously with credit ones. The current economic cycle in the United States became the longest on record back in 2019, lasting more than 10 years. Since 2009, the world economy has been growing along with the American one and is forming the fourth major wave of growth in the debt burden, economists at the World Bank said.
The Global Debt Waves: Causes and Consequences survey notes that the wave that began in 2010 was the strongest in terms of growth and size.The previous three ended in crises: the global financial crisis of 2007–2009, and the Asian financial collapse in the late 1990s. and the Latin American debt crisis in the 1970s. In 2018, the debt burden reached an absolute maximum of 230% in relation to world GDP. The average growth rate of debt also turned out to be a record – 2.3 percentage points of GDP per year versus 1.5 percentage points in the period from 2002 to 2009
The main reasons for the increase in debt burden in all four episodes, the authors of the study cite low real interest rates , changes in financial technology and incentives to increase borrowing.
The beginning of the increase in the debt burden was accompanied by an economic recovery, as in the previous episodes, but then a period of stagnation began.
Beyond Monetary Stimulus
It is often said that the current low rates are driven by aggressive monetary stimulus following the global financial crisis. However, as the observations of IMF economists show, real interest rates have been falling since the 1980s. and the reasons are not limited to monetary policy, but include increased savings in developing countries, increased demand for safe assets, and reduced investment in developed countries.If the first two factors can be called positive, then the last one is alarming. Savings in developing countries have grown due to increased incomes as a result of globalization. The same factor has shaped the demand for safe assets, as many countries have accumulated large reserves. One of the main proponents of this theory is former Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke. Demand for safety is especially noticeable now that US Treasury yields are hitting historic lows amid falling risky assets such as stocks and commodities.
Weak investment
Weak investment in developed countries is the main problem of the current low rates, which is worth fighting. They deprive the economy of high-quality growth and can lead to “age-old stagnation” (a concept popularized by former US Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers). The suppressed investment demand in developed countries can be attributed to demographics and technological progress. Nobel laureate in economics Paul Krugman believes that slow population growth leads to a decrease in the demand for investment.The weakening demand is also attributed to technological advances that have allowed companies to grow at a lower cost. As Summers notes, Facebook bought WhatsApp for $ 19 billion with only 55 employees.
As a result of weak investment demand, the economy is deprived of quality growth, and monetary incentives do not work as efficiently as they would like, and can lead to financial instability. The members of the Federal Open Market Committee on January 28-29 paid great attention to the connection between monetary measures and financial stability.
And although the consensus boils down to the fact that the main task of using monetary instruments remains price stability and a strong labor market, the possible negative consequences of a long soft monetary policy for financial stability were noted.
The solution is growing infrastructure spending
More investment is needed to correct imbalances and accelerate economic growth. Then, low rates can lead to the desired effect of high-quality economic growth, and not only contribute to an increase in the debt burden.Possible solutions could be increased public investment. European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde spoke about the need for fiscal stimuli in Europe, since even negative ECB rates are not enough to increase the growth rates of the stagnating eurozone economy.
The idea of increasing government spending may find support in the United States in the context of a recession due to the coronavirus epidemic. The preferred option is to increase infrastructure costs.
There is no consensus on the issue of changing the health care system between the Republican and Democratic parties, but the idea of renewing outdated road infrastructure, bridges, airports, etc., may receive support from both political camps. Infrastructure spending increases labor productivity, which increases the rate of economic growth. So the next step in improving the state of the economy is not for the Fed, but for the fiscal authorities.
The opinions of experts of banks, financial and investment companies, presented in this section, do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the editors and do not constitute an offer or recommendation for the purchase or sale of any assets.
Are shock drones so omnipotent – Rossiyskaya Gazeta
Superiority in the creation of UAVs that can perform tasks of fire destruction of military equipment and the elimination of VIPs, while belonging to the United States and Israel. With the help of such UAVs, the Americans were able to create a legend of “inevitable and rapid retaliation” from unique drones such as the MQ-1 Predator or MQ-9 Reaper (Predator B), which took part in the hostilities in the Balkans, the Middle East and Afghanistan. The arsenal of these UAVs includes AGM-114 Hellfire air-to-ground missiles, GBU-12 laser-guided bombs and JDAM (Joint Direct Attack Munition) bombs. countries, but also successfully engaged in the elimination of the leaders of terrorist (from the point of view of the United States) groups.
The right to eliminate terrorists with the use of UAVs was authorized by the US Congress after the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001.However, in international law, such liquidation is not regulated by anything. Therefore, the United States is still doing this without paying attention to the accusations, as in the latest sensational case related to the assassination of General Qasem Soleimani, which the Americans carried out with the help of the MQ-9 Reaper, launched from the Iraqi airbase Balad (camp “Anaconda”).
MQ-9 Reaper. Photo: U.S. Air Force photo / Staff Sgt. Brian Ferguson / wikimedia.org
Let’s take a look at the characteristics of the MQ-9 Reaper to see if there is any uniqueness in it.
So, the Reaper’s flight range is 1,900 km, the maximum flight altitude is 15 km, and the combat load is 1,700 kg, which it delivers to the target at a speed of 250-400 km / h. Also on board is electronic equipment – radar AN / APY-8 Lynx II, optoelectronic and thermal imaging sighting station MTS-B, with the help of which the UAV operator finds the “target” to be eliminated. At the same time, there are several nuances that destroy the legend of “inevitability of retaliation”
The fact is that the success of the liquidation is ensured by preliminary reconnaissance, which is carried out by space or air complexes, as well as by specialists from the special operations forces (SSO).Without their preliminary work, the MQ-9 Reaper will search for its “target” for a long time and to no avail. When the “Reaper” takes off on a combat mission, the coordinates of the location and the distinctive features of the “target” are known to him in advance. At the same time, mistakes occur when, instead of the designated target, civilians and civilian objects fall under the attack of Hellfire missiles.
The likelihood of such errors depends on two factors – technical and bureaucratic. The bureaucratic factor is the chain of passage of the command for elimination from the moment when the “target” was discovered, then identified in the information processing center, then this information falls on the command’s table, going through all instances of coordinating the operation, and after the approval of all military leaders, it eventually gets to the center control of killer drones in the form of a flight mission.Next, the MQ-9 Reaper with the selected arsenal flies into the target search area. The time it takes for a team to eliminate the entire bureaucracy is sometimes critical – the target may simply not be in the search zone. Instead, in the search zone, there may be a calculation of MANPADS or air defense missile systems, which, having found the “Reaper” in the sky, will eliminate it – quickly and inevitably.
The technical factor directly depends on the resolving capabilities of the MTS-B targeting station and the accuracy of following the route, which the AN / APY-8 Lynx II radar must provide.
The MTS-B optoelectronic thermal imaging station is inferior in its resolving capabilities to the reconnaissance systems that are located on the U-2R / TR-1 Dragon Lady reconnaissance aircraft (ASARS-2B radar with active phased array) or on the RQ Global Hawk reconnaissance UAV (multispectral camera MS-177) Therefore, the operator of the “Reaper” must, by a set of signs, identify the target in real time, which is limited by the seconds the target is in the sight of the MTS-B camera. Of course, such a limitation affects the result, and the operator defines the wedding procession as a gathering of terrorists, as it was in Afghanistan, and the UN humanitarian aid column is confused with a column of militants, as it was in Syria.
Another technical factor influencing the success of the operation is the MQ-9 Reaper communications and navigation complex, which becomes vulnerable to the enemy’s electronic warfare equipment. Interception of control of a UAV located hundreds of kilometers from the operator is no longer an unusual phenomenon.
