How did Notre Dame clinch their first NCAA lacrosse title. What were the key moments in Notre Dame’s victory over Duke. How did the Fighting Irish overcome Duke’s second-half comeback.
Notre Dame’s Historic Journey to Lacrosse Glory
The Notre Dame men’s lacrosse team etched their names in the annals of collegiate sports history on May 29, 2023, by securing their first-ever national championship. The Fighting Irish triumphed over Duke with a score of 13-8 in a thrilling match that showcased their resilience and skill.
A Tale of Perseverance: Third Time’s the Charm
Notre Dame’s path to victory was not without its challenges. The team had faced Duke twice before in national championship games, falling short on both occasions. However, this time, the Irish were determined to change the narrative.
The Road to the Final
Before facing Duke, Notre Dame had to overcome another formidable opponent. In a nail-biting semifinal match, they defeated Virginia in a last-second comeback, marking their first victory against the Cavaliers in three attempts during the 2023 season. This win set the stage for their historic championship run.
Dominating First Half: Setting the Tone
The Irish came out strong in the championship game, demonstrating their defensive prowess. By halftime, they had established a commanding 6-1 lead, leaving Duke scrambling to find answers.
- Notre Dame’s defense held Duke to just one goal in the first half
- The Irish offense capitalized on their opportunities, scoring six goals
- This early lead provided a crucial buffer for the challenges that lay ahead
Duke’s Second Half Surge: A Test of Irish Mettle
The Blue Devils, known for their resilience, mounted a fierce comeback in the second half. They went on a 6-1 run, erasing Notre Dame’s lead and tying the game at 7-7. This moment was a critical juncture in the match, testing the Fighting Irish’s resolve.
How did Notre Dame respond to Duke’s comeback?
In a display of true championship mettle, Notre Dame absorbed Duke’s best shot and countered with a decisive response. The Irish orchestrated a 4-0 run, reclaiming the lead and momentum. This sequence proved to be the turning point of the game, showcasing Notre Dame’s ability to perform under pressure.
Key Players and Moments
Several Notre Dame players stepped up in crucial moments to secure the victory:
- Eric Dobson (No. 8) controlled the ball effectively against Duke’s defense
- Quinn McCahon (No. 15) scored a spectacular goal from midfield, energizing the team and fans
- Jeffery Ricciardelli (No. 0) scored a pivotal goal, prompting a celebration with his teammates
The Final Push: Securing the Championship
With the lead reestablished, Notre Dame maintained their composure in the closing minutes of the game. They continued to play strong defense while capitalizing on offensive opportunities, ultimately securing a 13-8 victory.
What factors contributed to Notre Dame’s ability to close out the game?
Several elements played a role in Notre Dame’s strong finish:
- Sustained defensive pressure, limiting Duke’s scoring opportunities
- Efficient ball control and time management
- Capitalization on scoring chances to maintain a comfortable lead
- Mental toughness and composure in high-pressure situations
The Significance of Notre Dame’s Victory
This championship win holds immense significance for Notre Dame’s lacrosse program and the university as a whole. It represents the culmination of years of hard work, dedication, and perseverance from players, coaches, and support staff.
How does this championship impact Notre Dame’s lacrosse legacy?
The victory elevates Notre Dame’s status in the collegiate lacrosse world:
- It marks their first national championship in program history
- Establishes Notre Dame as a powerhouse in men’s lacrosse
- Provides a foundation for future success and recruitment
- Adds to Notre Dame’s rich athletic tradition across various sports
Looking Ahead: The Future of Notre Dame Lacrosse
With this championship under their belt, the Notre Dame men’s lacrosse team has set a new standard for success. The victory will likely serve as a catalyst for continued excellence in the program.
How might this championship influence Notre Dame’s lacrosse program moving forward?
The ripple effects of this victory could be far-reaching:
- Increased interest from top high school recruits
- Enhanced national recognition and media coverage
- Potential for sustained success in future seasons
- Elevated expectations and motivation for current and future players
As the Fighting Irish celebrate their hard-earned victory, the lacrosse world eagerly anticipates what this talented team will accomplish next. The 2023 national championship may very well be the beginning of a new era of dominance for Notre Dame men’s lacrosse.
Analyzing the Championship Game: Tactics and Strategies
The national championship game between Notre Dame and Duke was not just a display of athletic prowess, but also a chess match of tactical decisions and strategic adjustments. Both teams showcased their coaching acumen and players’ ability to execute game plans under pressure.
Notre Dame’s Defensive Masterclass
One of the standout aspects of Notre Dame’s performance was their defensive strategy. The Fighting Irish employed a combination of tight man-to-man coverage and strategic double teams to disrupt Duke’s offensive rhythm. This approach was particularly effective in the first half, where they held the Blue Devils to a single goal.
- Aggressive stick checks to force turnovers
- Quick slides to support defenders in one-on-one situations
- Excellent communication to maintain defensive positioning
- Strategic use of the shot clock to pressure Duke’s offense
Offensive Efficiency: Quality Over Quantity
While Notre Dame’s defense grabbed headlines, their offensive efficiency was equally crucial to their victory. The Irish didn’t necessarily dominate time of possession, but they made the most of their opportunities when they arose.
Key elements of Notre Dame’s offensive strategy included:
- Patient ball movement to create high-percentage shooting opportunities
- Exploiting mismatches through isolation plays
- Effective use of picks and off-ball movement to create space
- Timely cutting and feeding to the crease for close-range shots
The Role of Special Teams in Notre Dame’s Victory
In high-stakes games, special teams often play a crucial role in determining the outcome. Notre Dame’s performance in these situations was a significant factor in their championship win.
How did Notre Dame’s special teams contribute to their victory?
Several aspects of special teams play stood out:
- Faceoff dominance: Winning possessions to control the pace of the game
- Man-up efficiency: Capitalizing on extra-man opportunities
- Man-down defense: Successfully killing penalties to maintain momentum
- Clearing game: Efficiently transitioning from defense to offense
These elements combined to give Notre Dame crucial advantages throughout the game, particularly in momentum-shifting moments.
The Mental Game: Notre Dame’s Psychological Edge
Beyond the physical aspects of the game, Notre Dame’s mental fortitude played a significant role in their championship victory. The team demonstrated remarkable poise and resilience, particularly when faced with Duke’s second-half comeback.
What psychological factors contributed to Notre Dame’s success?
Several mental aspects were evident in Notre Dame’s performance:
- Composure under pressure: Maintaining focus during Duke’s scoring run
- Positive team culture: Supporting each other through ups and downs
- Confidence in their game plan: Trusting the system even when challenged
- Short memory: Quickly moving past mistakes and refocusing on the next play
- Championship mindset: Believing in their ability to win on the biggest stage
These psychological factors, combined with their physical preparation and tactical execution, created a formula for success that ultimately led to Notre Dame’s historic championship victory.
The Impact of Coaching: Kevin Corrigan’s Legacy
Behind every great team is a great coach, and Notre Dame’s Kevin Corrigan has certainly earned his place among the elite in collegiate lacrosse. This national championship victory is the crowning achievement of Corrigan’s impressive 35-year tenure at Notre Dame.
How has Kevin Corrigan shaped Notre Dame’s lacrosse program?
Corrigan’s influence on the program has been profound:
- Building a consistent contender: Regular appearances in the NCAA tournament
- Developing talent: Producing numerous All-Americans and professional players
- Establishing a winning culture: Instilling values of hard work and teamwork
- Tactical innovation: Adapting strategies to maximize team strengths
- Program growth: Elevating Notre Dame lacrosse to national prominence
This championship win cements Corrigan’s legacy as one of the great coaches in college lacrosse history, and serves as a testament to his dedication and leadership over the years.
Celebration and Recognition: Honoring the Champions
In the aftermath of their historic victory, the Notre Dame men’s lacrosse team has been showered with recognition and accolades. The celebration extends beyond the team to encompass the entire Notre Dame community.
How is Notre Dame commemorating this historic achievement?
The university and its supporters are marking this milestone in various ways:
- Campus celebrations: Rally and parade to honor the team
- Media coverage: Extensive local and national press highlighting the victory
- Alumni engagement: Special events connecting current players with program alumni
- Memorabilia: Production of championship merchandise for fans
- Recognition at other sporting events: Honoring the team at football and basketball games
These celebrations not only honor the team’s achievement but also serve to inspire future generations of Notre Dame athletes across all sports.
The Broader Impact: Lacrosse’s Growing Popularity
Notre Dame’s championship victory comes at a time when lacrosse is experiencing significant growth in popularity across the United States. This high-profile win could have far-reaching effects on the sport’s development.
How might Notre Dame’s victory influence the growth of lacrosse?
The championship could impact the sport in several ways:
- Increased youth participation: Inspiring more young athletes to try lacrosse
- Geographic expansion: Growing interest in non-traditional lacrosse regions
- Media attention: More coverage leading to greater public awareness
- College program development: Encouraging other schools to invest in lacrosse
- Professional opportunities: Potentially boosting the profile of pro lacrosse leagues
As Notre Dame basks in the glory of their first national championship, the ripple effects of their victory may be felt throughout the lacrosse world for years to come. This historic achievement not only cements Notre Dame’s place in lacrosse history but also contributes to the ongoing growth and development of the sport as a whole.
Notre Dame wins first national championship!
Nick Shepkowski
May 29, 2023 3:39 pm ET
The third time was the charm for Notre Dame men’s lacrosse this weekend. On Saturday the Irish had an incredible last-second comeback to beat Virginia for the first time in three tries in 2023 and earned a spot in Monday’s national championship game.
Monday saw the Irish play in the national title game for the third time in program history, oddly enough with each one being against Duke. This time the Irish finished the job as they dominated defensively for a 6-1 halftime lead.
Duke came out firing in the second half as the Blue Devils started on a 6-1 run to draw even at seven. Notre Dame took that blow and answered back though scoring four-straight goals to get the lead back.
Notre Dame then held on to a 13-8 victory to secure their first national championship in program history.
We’ll have tons more on this throughout the day as the Irish are FINALLY national champions!
NCAA Lacrosse: Lacrosse Championships-Notre Dame at Duke
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Notre Dame Fighting Irish Eric Dobson (8) controls the ball…
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Notre Dame Fighting Irish Eric Dobson (8) controls the ball against Duke Blue Devils defender Will Frisoli (7) during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial.
Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports
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NCAA Lacrosse: Lacrosse Championships-Notre Dame at Duke
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Notre Dame Fighting Irish Quinn McCahon (15) celebrates after scoring…
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Notre Dame Fighting Irish Quinn McCahon (15) celebrates after scoring from midfield against the Duke Blue Devils during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial. Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports
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NCAA Lacrosse: Lacrosse Championships-Notre Dame at Duke
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Notre Dame Fighting Irish Jake Taylor (13) is checked off…
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Notre Dame Fighting Irish Jake Taylor (13) is checked off the ball by Duke Blue Devils midfielder Aidan Maguire (23) during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial. Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports
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NCAA Lacrosse: Lacrosse Championships-Notre Dame at Duke
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Duke Blue Devils attack Max Sloat (15) scores from midfield…
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Duke Blue Devils attack Max Sloat (15) scores from midfield in front of Duke Blue Devils attack Dyson Williams (51) during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial.
Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports
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NCAA Lacrosse: Lacrosse Championships-Notre Dame at Duke
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Duke Blue Devils Jake Naso (56) picks up a loose…
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Duke Blue Devils Jake Naso (56) picks up a loose ball against the Notre Dame Fighting Irish during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial. Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports
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NCAA Lacrosse: Lacrosse Championships-Notre Dame at Duke
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Notre Dame Fighting Irish Jeffery Ricciardelli (0) is mobbed by…
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Notre Dame Fighting Irish Jeffery Ricciardelli (0) is mobbed by teammates after scoring against the Duke Blue Devils during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial. Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports
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NCAA Lacrosse: Lacrosse Championships-Notre Dame at Duke
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; General view of game play between the Duke Blue Devils…
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; General view of game play between the Duke Blue Devils and the Notre Dame Fighting Irish during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial.
Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports
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NCAA Lacrosse: Lacrosse Championships-Notre Dame at Duke
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; General view of game play between the Duke Blue Devils…
May 29, 2023; Philadelphia, PA, USA; General view of game play between the Duke Blue Devils and the Notre Dame Fighting Irish during the second quarter at Lincoln Financial. Mandatory Credit: Bill Streicher-USA TODAY Sports
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Duke vs. Notre Dame: Final score, highlights
Playing outside Cameron Indoor Stadium for the first time this season, No. 21 Duke found the answers to its sluggish offense to win its ACC opener against Notre Dame.
The Blue Devils shot 51.7 percent, seven points higher than their percentage over the season’s first four games, to beat the Fighting Irish 75-65 at Purcell Pavilion in South Bend, Indiana.
Duke (3-2, 1-0 ACC) hit 31 of 60 shots overall, including 8 of 15 on 3-pointers. The Blue Devils did so despite playing without freshman forward Jalen Johnson, who is out with a foot injury.
Sophomore Matthew Hurt led four Duke players in double figures with 18 points. Freshman guards DJ Steward (16) and Jeremy Roach (14) also contributed well after earning starting assignments from Duke coach Mike Krzyzewski.
Freshman forward Jaemyn Brakefield added 10 points off the bench for the Blue Devils.
Junior guard Dane Goodwin led all scorers with 25 points for Notre Dame (2-3, 0-1)
The Blue Devils shot 55 percent in the first half, building a lead as large as 11 before taking a 41-34 advantage to intermission.
The Irish drew as close as five points on two occasions in the second half, the last time at 55-50 with 10:43 to play.
But Duke scored the game’s next nine points on Jordan Goldwire’s jumper, Brakefield’s driving layup, Steward’s 3-pointer and Hurt’s fade-away jumper in the lane to push its lead to 64-50 with 7:26 to play.
And one
Brakefield,a 6-8 forward, continued to produce points for the Blue Devils off the bench as he scored in double figures for the third time in his last four games. He made 4 of 8 shots, including both his 3-point shots, and played turnover-free basketball in 24 minutes of play.
Lane violation
Duke played its first game this season without freshman forward Jalen Johnson. The preseason all-ACC pick is sidelined with an unspecified foot injury that has him wearing a walking boot. Johnson didn’t travel with the team to Notre Dame. He’s due to have another MRI in two or three weeks to assess healing progress. Duke’s next two games are Dec. 29 against Pittsburgh and Jan. 2 against Florida State.
ICYMI
Notre Dame added another perimeter option as Santa Clara transfer Trey Wertz, a Charlotte native, found out less than four hours before the game he would be eligible for the remainder of the season.
The NCAA made a blanket ruling Wednesday that all Division I transfers in all sports can play immediately without sitting out a season.
Making sense of the numbers
1: Shots made by Duke sophomore Wendell Moore in 19 attempts from the field over Duke’s last three games.
8: Season-low number of turnovers committed by Duke against Notre Dame. The Blue Devils entered the game averaging 16 turnovers per game.
9: Minutes played by 6-10 center Patrick Tapé, a graduate transfer from Columbia who earned his first start for Duke.
This story was originally published December 16, 2020, 10:59 PM.
Steve Wiseman
Steve Wiseman has covered Duke athletics since 2010 for the Durham Herald-Sun and Raleigh News & Observer. In the Associated Press Sports Editors national contest, he’s placed in the top 10 in beat writing in 2019, 2021 and 2022, breaking news in 2019 and explanatory writing in 2018.
Previously, Steve worked for The State (Columbia, SC), Herald-Journal (Spartanburg, S.C.), The Sun Herald (Biloxi, Miss.), Charlotte Observer and Hickory (NC) Daily Record covering beats including the NFL’s Carolina Panthers and New Orleans Saints, University of South Carolina athletics and the S.C. General Assembly. He’s won numerous state-level press association awards. Steve graduated from Illinois State University in 1989.
Temple of obscurantism and reason Notre Dame de Paris was praised, hated and tried to destroy. It has become a symbol of France. Lenta.ru recalled the entire history of the legendary building, from the beginning of its construction in the 12th century to the fire in 2019.
Long-term construction in a prayerful place
The Île de la Cité was the center of the religious life of Lutetia, as Paris was called in the first centuries of its existence, almost from the founding of the city by Gaius Julius Caesar in 53 BC. At first, an altar dedicated to Jupiter was located on the island, and then a full-fledged temple.
In the 4th century, after the adoption of Christianity by the Roman Empire under Emperor Constantine the Great, the first Christian church was built on the site of the old Gallo-Roman temple, dedicated, it is believed, to St. Etienne.
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Then it was replaced by several other churches in the same place. The Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties built their churches on the island. The last church burned down in a vast fire that engulfed the city in 857. It was replaced by a fairly large Romanesque temple, but even by the beginning of the 12th century it could not provide for the religious needs of the rapidly growing capital of the kingdom. In less than 50 years, the population of the city exceeded 25 thousand inhabitants, and then doubled, exceeding 50.
The initiator of the construction was the Bishop of Paris Maurice de Sully. In 1163, he invited Pope Alexander III to Paris to bless the work and lay the first stone. In just 14 years, the walls of the choir were erected, and after another five years, the papal legate, Cardinal Henri de Albano, consecrated the altar of the temple.
Since that time, Notre Dame can be considered an active Christian church. Despite the fact that more than a century remained before the completion of construction, services were regularly held in the cathedral, including with the personal participation of high-ranking clergy.
For example, in 1185 the cathedral was visited by the Catholic Patriarch of Jerusalem Heracles. In 1099, after the capture of Jerusalem by the crusaders during the First Crusade, the chair of the territorial patriarch, subordinate to the Pope, was created in it. By the end of the 12th century, the Kingdom of Jerusalem was collapsing under the blows of the army of Salah ad-Din, and the invitation of Heraclius to Paris became a symbol of France’s determination in the struggle for the Holy Sepulcher.
Despite the fact that already in 1250, after the construction of both bell towers, Notre Dame acquired a generally familiar appearance, almost 100 years remained before the completion of construction. The main characters of the second period of construction of the temple were the architects Jean de Shelle and Pierre de Montreuil.
A spire appeared on the roof, the facades of the transept (the crossbeams of the cross in terms of the cathedral), the fence of the choir were erected, almost all the interior decoration of the temple was created. The date of completion of construction is considered to be 1351, so the construction of the cathedral took about 188 years.
In this form, Notre Dame stood until the first quarter of the 18th century, when the royal vow was realized: Louis XIII promised to build a new altar and re-decorate Notre Dame in gratitude to the Virgin Mary for the birth of an heir after 23 years of a childless marriage. Robert de Cotes was responsible for the work in the altar part of the temple, the restructuring of the cathedral choir and the decoration of the interior with new sculptures.
Four weddings and one renunciation
Since that time, Notre Dame Cathedral has become a witness, and sometimes a participant in all the most important events in the history of France. However, despite the status of the main temple of France, Notre Dame de Paris never became the place for the coronation of French kings, who continued to travel to the capital of Champagne, Reims, for the sake of anointing.
A rare exception was the unrecognized by France coronation of Henry of England in 1431 by the French king. But the cathedral traditionally hosted weddings of kings and heirs to the throne. Four weddings have gone down in history.
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It was in Notre Dame that she married the heir to the French throne, Dauphin Francois Marie Stuart in 1558. A year later, an amazing wedding by proxy between the French princess Elisabeth of Valois and the Spanish king Philip II took place in the cathedral, at which the king himself was not present. In 1572, the wedding of Henry of Navarre and Marguerite of Valois took place in Notre Dame, after which long celebrations began, culminating in Bartholomew’s Night. During the marriage of Louis XIV in 1660, the cathedral was decorated with the captured standards of the enemy armies, which the Duke of Luxembourg had sent as a gift for the royal wedding.
The cathedral also became the scene of historical events. In 1302, the Estates General, the French Parliament, was proclaimed at Notre Dame.
In the cathedral in 1456, the rehabilitation trial of Joan of Arc took place. French kings regularly offer praise to the Lord in Notre Dame in gratitude for their successes. This tradition was founded by Charles VII in 1447 in honor of the liberation of Paris from the British.
Notre Dame Cathedral was also used to humiliate enemies. In 1229, Raymond, the last ruler of the independent county of Toulouse, repented of his sins in front of the gates of the cathedral, and in 1668, Henri de La Tour d’Auvergne Turenne, the chief marshal of France and one of the largest participants in the Fronde, who switched to towards Louis XIV.
Sense and Sensibility
Prior to the fire on April 15, 2019, the nearest thing to destruction of Notre Dame Cathedral was during the French Revolution – in 1789, one of his first decrees, Maximilian Robespierre, demanded that Parisians pay a special tax if they wanted the cathedral was not demolished. Notre Dame in the decree was called the “stronghold of obscurantism”, and the proceeds were planned to be directed to the world revolution.
A practice that the Bolsheviks will successfully repeat 140 years later. In confirmation of their determination, the revolutionaries destroyed the spire of the cathedral, so that the fall of the spire after the fire was already the second in the history of Notre Dame.
The misadventures of the cathedral did not stop there – in 1793 it was actually taken away from the church, declared the temple of Reason, and instead of Christian services, ceremonies of the cult of Reason, parades, carnivals and commemoration of the martyrs of the revolution began to be held. Between the autumn of 1793 and March 1794, many temples and churches throughout France were looted or taken from the church, and Notre Dame de Paris became the main sanctuary of the new cult, in which the most colorful and magnificent ceremonies were held.
The main event was the coronation of the Goddess of Reason – the artist of the Paris Opera Teresa Angelique Aubry, who testified to the triumph of reason over religious obscurantism.
The ceremony, staged by one of the founders of the new cult, a supporter of total de-Christianization and the most brutal terror, Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, made such a strong impression that its echoes sounded all over the world for a long time. Ivan Bunin dedicated the short story “The Goddess of Reason” to Aubrey, and for the last 40 years every state institution in France has installed a bust of Marianne – an allegorical image of the Republic in the form of a beautiful girl.
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After Robespierre dealt with the radical Jacobins in the spring of 1794, the cult of Reason was replaced by the cult of the Supreme Being, and Notre Dame again became the temple of a new religion. Fortunately, she lived only a few months – before the coup of the ninth Thermidor, and did not bring much damage to the temple. The main loss of the times of the revolution was the heads of the “stone kings”, which Robespierre personally ordered to cut off in the summer of 1793 as part of the fight against the “emblems of all kingdoms”.
The revolutionaries mistakenly took the images of 28 biblical kings for the sculptures of the kings of France.
The far less cannibalistic regime of Thermidor, which replaced the dictatorship of Robespierre, actually stopped the persecution of the church, but for another seven years (until 1802) Notre Dame did not return to the church. This was done only by the first consul for life, Napoleon Bonaparte, who chose Notre Dame Cathedral as the place of his coronation in 1804. Napoleon thus changed the centuries-old tradition of French kings going to Reims for their coronation.
The cathedral again became the arena of the performance – at the last moment, the future emperor snatched the crown from the hands of the surprised Pope Pius VII and crowned himself himself, and then laid the crown on the head of his wife Josephine Beauharnais.
The Bonaparte clan generally loved Notre Dame de Paris. It was in this cathedral that in 1810 Napoleon I married his second wife Marie-Louise, and in 1811 the heir to the empire of the Roman King Napoleon II was baptized here./cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/65246291/1172873696.jpg.0.jpg)
Almost half a century later, Napoleon III got married in the cathedral, and then baptized the heir.
Second birth
Between the two empires, the cathedral was waiting for the first restoration in its history. Notre Dame was in such a deplorable state that during the restoration of the Bourbons, there were loud calls in society to demolish the old building and build a new temple in its place. Fortunately, the cathedral also found defenders, the most prominent of which was the writer Victor Hugo, who made the temple the scene of the action of the novel Notre Dame Cathedral. The writer did not hide the fact that one of the goals of writing the novel was to inspire the French to protect the cultural heritage of the nation.
It’s hard to believe now, but in the 19th century the cathedral was perceived as a marginal fragment of the past, a huge gloomy block, preserved in Paris from the times of no less gloomy Middle Ages. In the year of the publication of the novel, Notre Dame was once again plundered – opponents of the Bourbon restoration broke into the cathedral, looted the sacristy and broke several stained-glass windows.
Nevertheless, Notre Dame was lucky: the novel published in 1831 and the activity of other defenders of the cathedral led to the start of a large-scale restoration in 1844, which lasted 25 years. The competition for the restoration was announced by King Louis Philippe back in 1841. The winners were Jean-Baptiste Lassu and Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. They had to not only restore the sculptures, stained-glass windows and elements of interior decoration that had been destroyed during the hard times of the French Revolution, but also to finalize the cathedral. The building regained its spire, which was taller and more ornate than its medieval original.
By the way, in the spire, Eugene Viollet-le-Duc made a kind of “Easter egg” – a statue of the Apostle Thomas, whose face suspiciously resembled the face of Eugene himself. Another innovation was the observation deck located above the entrance to the cathedral, and the famous gallery of chimeras that adorns its facade. In the middle of the 19th century, the cathedral finally acquired the status of the main temple of France and the main symbol of Paris, the glory of which was later surpassed only by the Eiffel Tower.
For heroes and traitors
In the 20th century, Notre Dame Cathedral acquired a new role – it began to honor the heroes of the republic during their lifetime and bury them after death. Writers Maurice Barres and Paul Claudel, marshals Ferdinand Foch and Joseph Joffre, ex-presidents Raymond Poincaré and Francois Mitterrand, oceanologist Jacques-Yves Cousteau, Catholic preacher Abbé Pierre and many others went on their last journey here. Generals de Gaulle and Leclerc were honored here, the liberation of Paris and Victory Day were celebrated, and the revolutionary Marseillaise was performed on a large organ. But there were frankly shameful pages in the modern history of the cathedral.
In 1896, it hosted a memorial service for the Marquis de Maures, an adventurer, duelist, leader of French anti-Semitism. In April 1944, Marshal Pétain, the leader of the collaborationist government, was honored in the cathedral, and in the summer of the same year, Philippe Hanrio, the Secretary of State for Information and Propaganda, who was killed by the Resistance fighters, was buried.
On a starvation diet
Surprisingly, the cathedral survived both world wars, despite the heavy artillery shelling of Paris during the First World War and the bombing of its suburbs during the Second World War. Bullets broke only a few stained-glass windows, which were replaced after the war, and not original ones, but avant-garde ones. Nevertheless, Notre Dame needed restoration. At 19In the 1990s, it was cleaned from the outside, returning the light color to the stone.
The dirt posing a danger to the stone has been removed. The sculptures were treated with a laser, microscrub and wet compresses. The task of the restorers was to remove the dust while preserving the patina of time. The stones, the condition of which raised questions, were replaced with new ones taken in the Paris region in similar limestone deposits. In addition, the problem of pigeons, the waste products of which harmed the cathedral, was solved: a network of electrical wires appeared in the building, invisible from the ground.
On the one hand, this gave the building an original look, on the other hand, it deprived Notre Dame of the gloomy look that some loved so much.
In the 21st century, a new stage of restoration was timed to coincide with the celebration of the 850th anniversary of the cathedral in 2013. In addition to nine new bells worth two million euros, the building received hidden wiring, new facade lighting and lighting of the nave for evening concerts and events, and the organ received an electronic control console. The restoration of Notre Dame was accompanied by numerous complaints about the lack of money and insufficient funding, which is why not everything was completed by the anniversary.
For example, 12,000 organ pipes were cleaned after the celebrations in 2014. The lead roof, numerous statues on the side facades, and the spire required restoration. The church announced that it needed to raise another 100 million euros over 20 years, during which the restoration work was supposed to last./cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/53666321/usa_today_9935664.0.jpg)
They did not want to close the cathedral for believers and tourists, so the work had to be done gradually. And the donors were in no hurry to fill the restoration fund. For this, something extraordinary had to happen. And it happened: the cathedral burned down.
The required 100 million euros were raised in an instant – they will be donated by entrepreneur Francois-Henri Pinault, president and owner of the Artemis Group, which includes the brands Gucci, Balenciaga, Alexander McQueen and others. But now the cathedral needs much more money. Despite the fact that the fire on April 15 managed to save the main stone structures and most of the interior, the lead roof, the money for which was bequeathed by the initiator of the construction of the cathedral, Bishop de Sully, the ceilings and the spire collapsed. The amount of the irretrievably lost has yet to be established. For Notre Dame de Paris, the worst times have come since the French Revolution.
What is Notre Dame Cathedral famous for: facts about the monument
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Maxim Makarychev
Notre Dame de Paris (Notre Dame Cathedral) is not only a symbol of Paris and France, but also the most popular historical monument in Europe.
Over 13 million people visit it every year.
A masterpiece of Gothic architecture
Its towers are visible from the banks of the Seine, its spire, which was destroyed in a fire on Monday, dates from the 19th century. Many tourists who visit the cathedral will remember not only its impressive portal depicting the Last Judgment, but also its numerous sculptures and frightening mythical gargoyle birds hanging from its facades. A masterpiece of French Gothic architecture located in the eastern part of the Ile de la Cité, more than eight centuries old.
It took almost 200 years to build the first version of Notre Dame de Paris, Le Parisien notes. The Bishop of Paris, Maurice de Sully, in 1160 called for the construction of a collegiate church dedicated to the Virgin (Notre Dame) as part of a gigantic urban project.
The first stone of the building was laid in 1163 in the presence of Pope Alexander III. Several parts of the cathedral were built for a very long time until 1345, until it acquired its original shape.
The builders of the cathedral left traces of their time to posterity: the 13th-century King Saint Louis and Bishop Sully are depicted in one of the frescoes. The signature of master mason Jean de Chelle also appears on the Saint-Étienne portal. During the fire, they managed to save a priceless relic – a tunic worn by St. Louis.
Notre Dame Cathedral was considered a technical feat at the time, notes Le Parisien. For those times, bold architectural solutions were represented by its transverse vaults with stained-glass windows with a diameter of 13 meters with a meticulous design.
Some modifications to the cathedral took place between the 17th and 18th centuries, especially after several destructions during the revolutionary period. The famous spire, destroyed in the fire on Monday night, was dismantled during this period and then recreated during a major campaign to renovate Notre Dame led by the architects Eugène Viollet-le-Duc and Jean-Baptiste Lassus in the mid-19th century.
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The Hunchback of Notre Dame
This campaign followed shortly after Victor Hugo’s Notre Dame. Victor Hugo’s novel helped popularize the monument around the world. Many readers in the world were not left indifferent by the story of the hunchback Quasimodo, Esmeralda’s unfortunate lover.
When Notre Dame Cathedral will be restored. Poll “RG”
It is impossible to talk about Notre Dame de Paris without mentioning the famous musical, which turned 20 years old in 2018. The majestic novel of Victor Hugo also inspired the Walt Disney Studios, which created the cartoon “The Hunchback of Notre Dame” at 1996, and then a sequel in 2002 called “The Secret of Quasimodo”. In January, the American studio also announced the release of a remake of the film.
Some facts
From Notre Dame begins the so-called zero point – a symbol of the beginning of French roads, marked with a bronze medallion, which is decorated with a wind rose. It is built into the pavement in front of the entrance to the cathedral in front of the entrance to Notre Dame.
